Papers (1843-1942; bulk 1843-1891) of Kinston, NC, attorney John Franklin Wooten and members of the Wooten, Harper and Moseley families of Lenoir Co., NC, and the Christian family of Virginia including correspondence, deeds, plats, financial records and miscellany.
Search Collection Guides
961 Results
Showing 496 - 510 for Daily Reflector, September 29, 1909
Material relating to the life of Clarence Stasavich before he came to East Carolina University in 1962 to be the head football coach (and later athletic director) and after his death in 1975. Included is correspondence (1942-1945) related to his time in the U.S. Navy during World War II where he was an LST Commander in several theatres of war, items related to his time at Lenoir Rhyne College as a football coach prior to coming to East Carolina University, and clippings and documents related to his death in 1975, the subsequent memorial service, and scholarships created in his memory.
Papers (1854-1865) of Robert C. Caldwell, a private soldier from Cabarrus County, NC, who served in Company C., 10th Battalion, North Carolina Heavy Artillery during the Civil War.
Andrew A. Best Papers
#LL02-13The collection includes photographs, correspondence, booklets, and other mixed materials from Dr. Andrew Best's military service, medical career, civic work, and personal life.
Malcolm E. Wolfe Papers
#0733Papers of U.S. Navy officer, USNA class of 1941, including squadron history for Air Force Bombing Squadron Ten (1944-1945); reports on "Operation High Jump," manpower, and command leadership; and a chart.
The collection includes publications created by the ECU School of Medicine and the University Health Systems of Eastern Carolina, formerly Pitt County Memorial Hospital.
Correspondence a typescript history of the USS Kitkun Bay, CVE-71, published cruise book (1944-45) for Composite Squadron 63, typescript biographical account entitled "Cruising the Pacific, 1941-1945," photographs, citations, certificates, and miscellany. 15 items.
This collection contains the congressional files for U.S. House of Representatives member Walter B. Jones, Jr., who represented the 3rd Congressional District of North Carolina from 1995 until his death in 2019. Included are files, scrapbooks, media, and electronic files. The electronic files were created by his staff and included speeches, correspondence, articles, promotional material, notes and videos for the years 2005-2018.
Warning: This collection contains content that may be offensive to users. Collection covers the administrative term of Leo W. Jenkins as chief executive of East Carolina University. Speeches, correspondence, and publications include East Carolina gaining University status, the foundation of a medical school, the transition of athletics into Division I, and the growth of the campus.
Morton Family Collection
#0972Papers (1925-1951) consisting of correspondence, legal document, opinions, publications, financial records, tabulation form, speeches, advertising, property listing forms, etc.
Papers of Richard Eberhart (1885-1990 [Bulk: 1918-1989], undated) documenting the life and literary career of the Austin, Minnesota-born poet, playwright, literary critic, and educator, including correspondence, scripts, typescripts, holographs, miscellaneous materials, audio and video materials, and loose manuscript items transferred from the Stuart Wright Books Collection, proofs of published works, audio recordings, printed materials by Eberhart and other writers, oversized materials and materials in English, French, Greek, Anglo-Saxon, Old French, Russian, Spanish, Thai language.
This collection contains a journal (December 15, 1861-April 15, 1865) kept by Isaac Liscomb, Master (Commander) of the U.S. Brig Dragoon. Dragoon was a private merchant vessel (formerly called the Remington) leased or purchased by the Union Army for use in the Civil War. As part of General Burnside's fleet, the Dragoon was involved in the Battle of Roanoke Island. Liscomb kept detailed accounts of that battle and of the voyages the ship made during the Civil War to transport troops and supplies to ports including Port Royal and Folly Island (SC), Pensacola (FL), and Morehead City (NC).
ECU Physicians Newsletters
#UA50-43The Records of the Department of ECU Physicians Newsletters are comprised of CLINICpulse, and ECU Women's Physicians OB/GYN Health Advisor.
Papers (1942-1945) including correspondence, picture, Christmas card, references of shortage of beer and cigarettes.
Personal Name Filters
- Wright, Stuart, 1948- 46
- Rives, Ralph Hardee 11
- Lennon, Donald R. 9
- Valentino, Carmen D. 9
- Wright, Stuart, 1948---Correspondence 9
- Sparrow, W. Keats (Wendall Keats), 1942-2009 8
- Wright, Wilbur, 1867-1912 7
- Elmore, Martha G. Little 6
- Kammerer, Roger E. 5
- Warren, Robert Penn, 1905-1989 5
- Wright, Orville, 1871-1948 5
- Ciardi, John, 1916-1986--Correspondence 4
- Flowers, John Baxton, III, 1942- 4
- Helms, Jesse 4
- Robinson, Lorraine Hale 4
- Albright, Alex 3
- Brabner, Ian 3
- East, John P. 3
- Hooker, William Howard 3
- Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963 3
- Lindsay, Neill, Mr. 3
- Ransom, John Crowe, 1888-1974 3
- Rives, Ralph Hardee--Correspondence 3
- Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962 3
- Sauter, Dale 3
- Scott, Ralph L. 3
- Scott, William Kerr, 1896-1958 3
- Small, Walter L. (Walter Lowry), 1916-2004 3
- Smiley, John Stevenson "Steve", Sr. 3
- Tate, Allen, 1899-1979 3
- Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972 3
- Unknown 3
- Vaughan, Uriah, 1813-1890 3
- Abernethy, Sarah Alva All 2
- Andrews, Guilford, 1839-1913 2
- Atkins, Alison Hearne 2
- Baker, Robert W. 2
- Bell, Madison Smartt 2
- Bellis, Vincent J., 1938- 2
- Boccaccio, Mary 2
- Bolívar, Simón, 1783-1830 2
- Bonner, Herbert Covington, 1891-1965 2
- Booth, Marguerite 2
- Brewster, Lawrence 2
- Brooks, Cleanth, 1906-1994 2
- Carr, Elias, 1839-1900 2
- Ciardi, John, 1916-1986 2
- Clark, Walter, 1846-1924 2
- Core, George 2
- Crews, Harry, 1935-2012 2
- Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889 2
- Deal, Ralph C. 2
- Dembo, Jonathan, 1948- 2
- Doak, Frances Renfrow, 1887-1974 2
- Drinkwater, Alpheus W., 1875-1962 2
- Eberhart, Richard, 1904-2005 2
- Eberhart, Richard, 1904-2005--Correspondence 2
- Elmore, William E. "Mickey" 2
- Elmore, William E., 1944- 2
- Everett, Mary 2
- Flannagan, Eric G. 2
- Forrest, J. Thomas 2
- Gardner, Oliver Max, 1882-1947 2
- Garrett, George, 1929-2008--Correspondence 2
- Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885 2
- Grimes, Bryan, 1828-1880 2
- Grimes, John Wharton, Sr. 2
- Hardy, Michael C. 2
- Hoey, Clyde Roark, 1877-1954--Correspondence 2
- Huey, Enders P. 2
- Hunt, James B., 1937- 2
- Jenkins, Leo W. (Leo Warren), 1913-1989 2
- Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973 2
- Joyner, James Yadkin, 1862-1954 2
- Joyner, Max Ray, Sr. 2
- Kittrell, William B. (William Beau), 1937- 2
- Leggett, Carroll H. 2
- Little, Stanley L. 2
- Luehman, Earl A., 1918- 2
- Lytle, Andrew Nelson, 1902-1995 2
- Marrow, Jane Gregory, 1916-2006 2
- Martin, William B. (William Braidwood), 1924- 2
- McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885 2
- McDaniel, Julia Catherine, 1891- 2
- Minges, John F., II 2
- Minges, John F., III 2
- Moore, Elizabeth Vann 2
- O'Hagan, Charles J., 1821-1900 2
- Philips, Brenda B. 2
- Price, Jonathan 2
- Putnam, Paul Albert 2
- Raynor, Jerry 2
- Reece, Michael Clark 2
- Rodman, Penelope B., 1929-2019 2
- Rodman, Will. B. (William Blount), 1817-1893 2
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 2
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Correspondence 2
- Rowe, Carter 2
- Savage, Lindsay Stuart 2
- Shingleton, E. Daniel 2
Corporate Name Filters
- United States. Navy--Officers 57
- United States. Navy--Military life 34
- United States. Army--Military life 28
- United States Naval Academy--Alumni and alumnae 17
- Democratic Party (N.C.) 14
- East Carolina University--Faculty 14
- Confederate States of America. Army--Military life 10
- W.E. Laupus Health Sciences Library 9
- North Carolina (Battleship : BB-55) 8
- Denning House Antiquarian Books & Manuscripts 7
- United States Naval Academy 7
- United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces 7
- United States. Navy 7
- United States. Navy--Officers--Interviews 7
- United States. Navy--Officials and employees 7
- United States. Navy--Submarine forces 7
- Ten Pound Island Book Company 6
- United States Naval Academy--Students 6
- United States. Navy--Officers--Correspondence 6
- Between The Covers--Rare Books, Inc 5
- Democratic Party (U.S.) 5
- East Carolina University. Board of Trustees 5
- Murfreesboro Historical Association (Murfreesboro, N.C.) 5
- North Carolina. General Assembly. House of Representatives 5
- United States. Marine Corps--Officers 5
- University of North Carolina (1793-1962)--Students 5
- Broadfoot Publishing Company 4
- Confederate States of America. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc. 4
- Democratic National Committee (U.S.) 4
- Democratic Party (N.C.)--History--20th century 4
- East Carolina Teachers College--Administration 4
- East Carolina Teachers College--History 4
- North Carolina Railroad Company 4
- United States. Army. Air Corps 4
- East Carolina Teachers College--Faculty 3
- East Carolina Teachers Training School--History 3
- East Carolina University 3
- East Carolina University--Alumni and alumnae 3
- East Carolina University--History 3
- End of the Century Book Club (Greenville, N.C.) 3
- Greenville High School (Greenville, N.C.) 3
- Littleton Female College 3
- Merrimack (Frigate) 3
- Methodist Protestant Church (U.S. : 1830-1939). North Carolina Conference 3
- North Carolina Wesleyan College 3
- North Carolina. General Assembly. Senate 3
- Oklahoma (Battleship) 3
- Republican Party (N.C.) 3
- Sheppard Memorial Library 3
- United States. Army--Officers 3
- United States. Marine Corps--Military life 3
- United States. Naval Reserve--Officers 3
- United States. Naval Reserve. Women's Reserve 3
- United States. Navy--Sea life 3
- United States. Navy--Surgeons 3
- Yorktown (Aircraft carrier : CV-10) 3
- Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company 2
- Carolina Christian College (Ayden, N.C.) 2
- Constitution (Frigate) 2
- Coral Sea (Aircraft carrier) 2
- Democratic Party (N.C.)--History--19th century 2
- East Carolina College--History 2
- East Carolina Teachers College--Students 2
- East Carolina Teachers Training School 2
- East Carolina Teachers Training School--Faculty 2
- East Carolina Teachers Training School--Students 2
- East Carolina University--Administration 2
- East Carolina University--Buildings 2
- East Carolina University--Students 2
- Eric G. Flannagan & Sons Architects and Engineers (Henderson, N.C.) 2
- Flying Fish (Submarine) 2
- Halifax County Historical Association (Halifax County, N.C.) 2
- Helena (Cruiser) 2
- Imperial Tobacco Company of Great Britain and Ireland 2
- Kehukee Primitive Baptist Association 2
- Knights of Pythias 2
- Ku Klux Klan (1915- )--North Carolina 2
- Leland Little Auctions 2
- Louisville (Cruiser) 2
- Maggs Bros. 2
- Memorial Baptist Church (Greenville, N.C.) 2
- Methodist Protestant Church (U.S. : 1830-1939) 2
- Missouri (Battleship : BB-63) 2
- Monterey (Aircraft carrier) 2
- National Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union 2
- North Carolina Academy of Science 2
- North Carolina Bar Association 2
- North Carolina Farmers' Alliance 2
- North Carolina Federation of Women's Clubs 2
- North Carolina Museum of Art 2
- North Carolina State Art Society 2
- North Carolina. National Guard 2
- Pepsi-Cola Company--History 2
- Pine Island (Seaplane tender) 2
- Pitt County Medical Society 2
- Pitt County Memorial Hospital 2
- Pitt Technical Institute 2
- Portland (Cruiser) 2
- Red Oak Christian Church (Greenville, N.C.) 2
- Republican Party (N.C.)--History--20th century 2
Family Name Filters
- Clark family 3
- Edwards Family 2
- Hardison family 2
- Humber family 2
- Myers family 2
- Robinson family 2
- Spragins family 2
- Windley family 2
- Amis family 1
- Augustus Moore Family 1
- Austin family 1
- Barnhardt family 1
- Bellamy family 1
- Bettencourt family 1
- Braswell family 1
- Bryan family 1
- Bulloch family 1
- Butler Family 1
- Carpenter family 1
- Carr Family 1
- Caveness Family 1
- Coffield (Family : Edgecombe County, N.C.) 1
- Commander family 1
- Darden family 1
- Davenport family 1
- Deal family 1
- Ellis family 1
- Elmore family 1
- Fearing family 1
- Ficklen Family 1
- Fowle family 1
- Garrenton Family 1
- Garrett (Family) 1
- Getsinger family 1
- Gooding family 1
- Grady family 1
- Grimes family 1
- Grimsley family 1
- Hackett family 1
- Hammond, Alfred Franklin I-III (Jones and Craven Counties, North Carolina) 1
- Hardee family 1
- Harvey family 1
- Hollowell family 1
- Holt Family 1
- Hughes family 1
- Hunter family 1
- Jenkins family 1
- John Gideon Taylor family 1
- Johnson family 1
- Jones family 1
- Lamb family 1
- Lancaster family 1
- Lasitter family 1
- Lockey family 1
- Lutterloh Family 1
- Matson and Shields Family 1
- McCall family 1
- McLean family 1
- Meeks family 1
- Mewborn Family 1
- Mitchell family 1
- Monk family 1
- Moore family 1
- Morton family 1
- Murphey (Family : Craven County, N.C.) 1
- Noble family 1
- O'Hagan family 1
- O'Toole family 1
- Ormond family 1
- Pace Family 1
- Philips Family 1
- Pittman family 1
- Proctor Family 1
- Puryear family 1
- Ramsay family 1
- Randolph family 1
- Repiton family 1
- Roach family 1
- Robinson, George E., Family 1
- Shaw family 1
- Shumate Family 1
- Smith family 1
- Spicer family 1
- Spruill family 1
- Tapp family 1
- Taylor family 1
- Towe family 1
- Turnage family 1
- Vaughan family 1
- Wade family 1
- Watts family 1
- Whitaker (Family : Halifax County, N.C.) 1
- Whitehurst family 1
- Whitfield family 1
- Whitford family 1
- Wills family 1
- Winborne family 1
- Winslow family 1
- Wyllie family 1
- Wynns family 1
Topic Filters
- World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations, American 43
- World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American 39
- World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean 19
- World War, 1914-1918--Personal narratives, American 14
- Authors, American--20th century 13
- Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941 11
- World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area 10
- World War, 1914-1918 9
- World War, 1914-1918--Personal narratives 9
- Soldiers--Diaries 8
- Guadalcanal, Battle of, Solomon Islands, 1942-1943 7
- Poets, American--20th century 7
- Political campaigns--North Carolina--History--20th century 7
- Soldiers--United States--Correspondence 7
- World War, 1939-1945 7
- Education, Higher--North Carolina--History 6
- Education, Medical 6
- Lawyers--North Carolina--Greenville 6
- Logbooks--United States 6
- Political campaigns--North Carolina 6
- Politicians--North Carolina 6
- Prisoners of war--United States 6
- Soldiers--United States--Diaries 6
- World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons, Japanese 6
- Church records and registers--North Carolina--Greenville 5
- College presidents--North Carolina--Greenville 5
- Deeds--North Carolina--Pitt County 5
- Governors--North Carolina--Election 5
- Prisoners of war--Japan 5
- Railroads--North Carolina 5
- Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)--North Carolina 5
- Slavery--North Carolina 5
- Soldiers--North Carolina--Correspondence 5
- Women missionaries--China 5
- World War, 1914-1918--France 5
- World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American 5
- World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives 5
- Argonne, Battle of the, France, 1918 4
- Book clubs (Discussion groups)--North Carolina--Greenville 4
- College students--North Carolina--Greenville 4
- Critics--United States 4
- Deeds--North Carolina--Lenoir County 4
- Military offenses--United States 4
- Missionaries--China 4
- Naval discipline--United States 4
- Politicians--North Carolina--History--20th century 4
- Primitive Baptists--North Carolina--Pitt County 4
- Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945 4
- Taxation--North Carolina 4
- Tobacco--North Carolina 4
- Women--Societies and clubs 4
- World War, 1914-1918--Trench warfare 4
- World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, Japanese 4
- World War, 1939-1945--Japan 4
- World War, 1939-1945--Maps 4
- World War, 1939-1945--Philippines 4
- Agriculture--North Carolina 3
- Authors, American--North Carolina 3
- Baptists--North Carolina--Greenville 3
- Bonds--Confederate States of America 3
- Capitulations, Military--Japan 3
- Deeds--North Carolina--Craven County 3
- Destroyers (Warships)--United States 3
- Education--North Carolina--Pitt County 3
- Enslaved persons--North Carolina 3
- Gardening--Societies, etc. 3
- Governors--North Carolina 3
- Kinston, 1st Battle of, Kinston, N.C., 1862 3
- Korean War, 1950-1953--Naval operations 3
- Labor disputes--North Carolina 3
- Lawyers--North Carolina 3
- Logbooks 3
- Medicine--Formulae, receipts, prescriptions 3
- Methodist Church--Missions--Congo (Democratic Republic) 3
- Missionaries--Congo (Democratic Republic) 3
- Missions--Educational work--Congo (Democratic Republic) 3
- Motion pictures--North Carolina--Greenville 3
- Newspaper editors--North Carolina--Greenville 3
- Novelists, American--20th century 3
- Postcards 3
- Prohibition--North Carolina 3
- Public schools--North Carolina 3
- Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877) 3
- Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)--Virginia 3
- Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 (August-November) 3
- Voyages and travels 3
- Whitehall, Battle of, Seven Springs, N.C., 1862 3
- Women in politics--North Carolina 3
- World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns--Western Front 3
- World War, 1914-1918--Medical care 3
- World War, 1914-1918--Naval operations 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Amphibious operations 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--France--Normandy 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Japan--Okinawa Island 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Solomon Islands--Guadalcanal 3
- World War, 1939-1945--China 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects 3
- World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations--Submarine 3
- Account books 2
Geographic Name Filters
- North Carolina--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 32
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives 30
- North Carolina--Genealogy 23
- North Carolina--Politics and government--20th century 18
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives, Confederate 16
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 13
- Pitt County (N.C.)--Genealogy 12
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Campaigns 12
- New Bern (N.C.)--History, Military--19th century 9
- North Carolina--Social life and customs--19th century 9
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Prisoners and prisons 9
- Beaufort County (N.C.)--Genealogy 7
- China--Description and travel 7
- Greene County (N.C.)--Genealogy 7
- Halifax County (N.C.)--Genealogy 7
- North Carolina--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives 7
- North Carolina--Politics and government--1865-1950 7
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Equipment and supplies 7
- Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 7
- China--Social life and customs--20th century 6
- Craven County (N.C.)--Genealogy 6
- Greenville (N.C.)--History 6
- North Carolina--History 6
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Desertions 6
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Naval operations 6
- Washington (N.C.)--History, Military--19th century 6
- Europe--Description and travel 5
- North Carolina--Politics and government--1951- 5
- North Carolina--Politics and government--19th century 5
- Pitt County (N.C.)--History 5
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Participation, African American 5
- Washington (N.C.)--History 5
- Edgecombe County (N.C.)--Genealogy 4
- Edgecombe County (N.C.)--History 4
- Nagasaki-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945 4
- North Carolina--History--1775-1865 4
- North Carolina--Politics and government 4
- North Carolina--Social life and customs--20th century 4
- Pitt County (N.C.)--Maps 4
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Hospitals 4
- United States--Politics and government--20th century 4
- Virginia--Genealogy 4
- Alaska--Description and travel 3
- Baltimore (Md.)--Description and travel 3
- China--Politics and government--20th century 3
- Congo (Democratic Republic)--Description and travel 3
- Congo (Democratic Republic)--Social life and customs 3
- Georgia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 3
- Greenville (N.C.)--Photographs 3
- Halifax County (N.C.)--History 3
- Hiroshima-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945 3
- Japan--Description and travel 3
- Kinston (N.C.)--History, Military--19th century 3
- Lenoir County (N.C.)--Genealogy 3
- North Carolina--Description and travel 3
- North Carolina--Economic conditions--20th century 3
- Pasquotank County (N.C.)--Genealogy 3
- Richmond (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 3
- Roanoke Island (N.C.)--History--Capture, 1862 3
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Blockades 3
- United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects 3
- United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783 3
- Virginia--Description and travel 3
- Bath (N.C.)--History 2
- Belhaven (N.C.)--Photographs 2
- Camp Lee (Va.) 2
- Camp Sevier (S.C.) 2
- Camp Upton (N.Y.) 2
- Chowan County (N.C.)--Genealogy 2
- Confederate States of America--History 2
- Congo (Democratic Republic)--History--Civil War, 1960-1965 2
- Craven County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--19th century 2
- Dismal Swamp Canal (N.C. and Va.) 2
- Edenton (N.C.)--History 2
- Edgecombe County (N.C.)--Commerce 2
- Enfield (N.C.)--Church history--19th century 2
- Enfield (N.C.)--Church history--20th century 2
- England--Description and travel 2
- Greenville (N.C.)--Race relations 2
- Jones County (N.C.)--Genealogy 2
- Lenoir County (N.C.)--History 2
- Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point (N.C.) 2
- Martin County (N.C.)--Genealogy 2
- Mexico--History--Revolution, 1910-1920 2
- Murfreesboro (N.C.)--History 2
- New Bern (N.C.)--Genealogy 2
- New Bern (N.C.)--History, Military 2
- New Bern (N.C.)--History--19th century 2
- New Bern (N.C.)--Social life and customs--19th century 2
- North Carolina--Photographs 2
- North Carolina--Politics and government--1775-1865 2
- North Carolina--Race relations 2
- North Carolina--Race relations--History--20th century 2
- Petersburg (Va.)--History--Siege, 1864-1865 2
- Pitt County (N.C.)--History--20th century 2
- Roanoke Rapids (N.C.)--History 2
- Seven Springs (N.C.)--History, Military--19th century 2
- South Carolina--Genealogy 2
- Southern States--Description and travel 2
- Southern States--Social life and customs--19th century 2