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North Carolina Libraries

Through all the new doors
of intellectual challenge
| librarians are well
prepared fo walk without
fear or hesitation. This age
of information is ours.

President

PAULINE F. MYRICK
Moore County School
Carthage, NC 28327
(919) 947-2976

First Vice-President/
President-Elect
PATSY J. HANSEL
Cumberland County Public
Library
P.O. Box 1720
Fayetteville, NC 28302
(919) 483-8600

Second Vice-President

Secretary
DOROTHY W, CAMPBELL
School of Library and
Information Science
North Carolna Central
University
905 Jerome Road
Durham, NC 27713
(919) 683-6485

Treasurer

NANCY CLARK FOGARTY
Jackson Library
University of North Carolina
Greensboro, NC 27412
(919) 379-5419

Director
ARIAL A. STEPHENS
Richard H. Thornton Library
P.O. Box 339
Oxford, NC 27565
(919) 693-1121

Director
BENJAMIN F. SPELLER, JR.
School of Library and
Information Science
North Carolina Central
University
905 Jerome Road
Durham, NC 27707
(919) 683-6485

Past President

LELAND M. PARK
Library of Davidson College
Davidson, NC 28036
(704) 892-2000

ALA Representative

FRED W. ROPER
School of Library Science
University of North Carolina
100 Manning Hall
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
(919) 962-8366

NCLA EXECUTIVE BOARD
1985-1987

SELA Representative
REBECCA S, BALLENTINE
Institute of Government
UNC-Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
(919) 966-4130

Editor, NORTH CAROLINA
LIBRARIES
FRANCES BRADBURN
Central Regional Education
Center
P.O. Box 549
Knightdale, NC 27545
(919) 266-9282

SECTION/ROUND TABLE CHAIRS.

ChildrenTs Services
REBECCA TAYLOR
New Hanover Co. Public
Library
201 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
(919) 763-3303

College and University
ELIZABETH H. SMITH
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27834
(919) 757-6692

Community and Junior College

MARY AVERY
Learning Resources
Rowan Technical College
P.O. Box 1595
Salisbury, NC 28144
(704) 637-0730

Documents
JANET M. ROWLAND
Forsyth County Public
Library
660 West Fifth Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
(919) 727-2220

Junior Members Roundtable
STEPHANIE ISSETTE
Atlantic Christian College
Wilson, NC 27893
(919) 237-3161

N.C. Association of School

Librarians

HELEN TUGWELL
North Central Regional

Education Center

P.O. Box 21889
Greensboro, NC 27420
(919) 379-5769

Public Libraries
NANCY MASSEY
Hyconeechee Regional
Library
P.O. Drawer E
Yanceyville, NC 27379
(919) 694-6241

Reference and Adult Services
JEAN S. AMELANG
New Hanover Co. Public
Library
201 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
(919) 395-0449

Resources and Technical
Services
APRIL WREATH
University of North Carolina
Greensboro, NC 27412
(919) 379-5781

Round Table for Ethnic

Minority Concerns

SYLVIA SPRINKLE-HAMLIN
Forsyth County Public

Library

660 W. Fifth Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
(919) 727-2556

Round Table on the Status of
Women in Librarianship
MARY McAFEE
Forsyth County Public
Library
660 W. Fifth Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
(919) 727-2264

Trustees

J. A. oJAKE� KILLIAN
P.O. Box 143
Peachland, NC 28133
(704) 272-8375

SSP Pas "

tn CAIOINO
rOIRS

TABLE OF CONTENTS



bs

ISSN 0029-2540

NCLA Biennial Conference, 1985

Articles
197 Awards and Resolutions
203 Greetings, E. J. Josey
205 TodayTs Economic and Political Climate and What It Means for Libraries,
Major R. Owens
212 Life and Work, David McPhail
217 Young Adolescents and Libraries, Patrice Ebert
219 Remarks on Fatal Vision, Joe McGinniss
228 Name Authority, Co-Op (NACO) Project, Judith G. Fenly
233 North Carolina State Library NACO Project, Jan Sheppard
235 Report of Meetings
Features

195 From the President

240 New North Carolina Books
249 NCLA Minutes

251 NCLA Constitution

Cover: Major R. Owens, oTodayTs Economic and Political Climate Advertisers: Baker & Ta
: : Ylor, 194; J 204:
and What It Means for Libraries,� North Carolina Libraries, 43 Checkpoint, 209; Ruzicka, 213: Sai at tl SMI, 207;
2 aia A ; University Pro-

(Winter 1985): 205-211. ducts, 220; Follett, 230; Phiebig, 238; Ebsco, 243

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194"North Carolina Libraries

Exalting Learning
and Libraries

NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION

From the President

This is the space reserved for the presidentTs column, but we
decided not to have the president write this one. Instead, follow-
ing is a profile of Pauline Myrick, 1985-87 president of NCLA,
based on several conversations with Pauline during October,
1985. Ed.

Pauline Myrick, Director of Intermediate
Instruction and Educational Media, Moore County
Schools, became a fulltime library person in 1961
when her superintendent decided he needed
somebody at the central office to develop and
promote libraries, and Pauline was his choice. A
principal and teacher at the time, she had also
been working in libraries since her undergraduate
days at UNC-G. As Pauline put it, oWherever I
went, I always got the library.� Becoming a library
lobbyist at the central office fulltime was a big
decision, however, and when first approached,
Pauline wasnTt at all sure that she wanted to give
up the classroom. But her superintendent was
convinced he knew where she could make the
most important contribution. Moore County
schools and NCLA are the beneficiaries of his
foresight.

When she became the supervisor of libraries
in 1961, Pauline had a system with twenty-five
olibraries� and one librarian. Her best resource at
the time was probably the two hundred student
library assistants, and she made good use of them.
SheTd had experience in that. When she was prin-
cipal and teacher at Carthage Elementary, she
developed a novel approach to book processing.
She set up 10 stations in her classroom for the
various book processing functions, and the stu-
dents did the work. When they had some free
time, they could go to whichever station they
chose and do the task that that station was set up
for. When they finished with a book there, they
passed it on to the next station. This was an
innovative response to necessity"the books
needed to be processed, and there was no staff to
do it. But at the end of the year, the direct benefit
to the students became apparent"reading scores
went through the roof. Those children were the
first to get the new books, they took pride in pro-

cessing them, and they read them. And when Pau-
line tells the story, she glows with the satisfaction
of someone who's had a very successful working
life bringing children and books together.

She speaks of those early opre-Sputnik� years
with fondness"the years of hardly any money
but a lot of ingenuity and elbow grease; the years
when one olibrary� was in the principalTs office
and had to be locked when he wasnTt there
because the ice cream box was also there. Pauline
solved that problem by having an oversized book-
cart constructed for the student assistants to use
to propel the library around to the classrooms.

One little pet peeve of PaulineTs is removing
book jackets to be saved for bulletin boards. Every-
where she went, Pauline raided the files of book
jackets and put them back on the books, with the
result that the kids began finding attractive books
that they wanted to read. This ploy was almost
too successful for one library aide who lamented,
oBut what am I going to do"the Southern Associa-
tion accreditation people are coming and there
are hardly any books on the shelves"the kids
have checked them all out.�

Pauline reached one of her major goals in
1975 when every school had at least one fulltime
staff person. It took her a while to convince every-
body that ostudents in a small school need the
same service as those in larger schools.� SheTs jus-
tifiably proud now of all the fine programs and
facilities that Moore County school libraries can
boast. The current state of affairs she attributes
to the support of many dedicated teachers and
librarians over the years. Her most recent major
accomplishment, besides all of her NCLA activi-
ties, is the book she wrote about her employer,
Treading New Ground: A History of Moore
County Schools, 1959-1985.

Pauline believes that oteaching is whatever
you do to help people learn,� and that libraries
and librarians are a very important part of the
teaching and learning process. ThatTs why the
theme for her two years in office is oExalting
Learning and Libraries.� Her goal for NCLA is to
keep it moving forward, and she believes it takes
the entire membership to do that. As Pauline puts

1985 Winter"195

it, oAll libraries have the same goal"educating
the people of North Carolina"but they have
unique responsibilities for meeting that goal.
NCLA is a team effort. I feel that it is a challenge
and an honor to head up such an organization.�

Pauline F. Myrick, 1985-87 NCLA President.

Pauline F.. Myrick, President
North Carolina Library Association

Director of Intermediate Instruction and
Educational Media; Textbooks; ITV"Moore
County Schools

Consultant for various state education pro-
grams and agencies

Past Chairman of North Carolina Association
of School Librarians

Past Chapter President of Delta Kappa
Gamma"lInternational Society for Women Edu-
cators
Education:

University of North Carolina at Greensboro"
BA, MEd.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"T
Supervision/Curriculum/Administration

University of California at Los Angeles"Clin-
ical Supervision .

196"North Carolina Libraries

Three Tar Heels on ALA Ballot

The chairman of the American Library Asso-
ciation Nominating Committee, Fred M. Peterson
of Illinois State University, announced recently
that three North Carolinians will appear on the
ballot next April running for seats on the ALA
Council for 1986-90. Ballot mailing will begin April
5, 1986.

Dr. Gene D. Lanier, professor and director of
Graduate Studies in the Department of Library
and Information Studies at East Carolina Univer-
sity in Greenville will be a candidate as will John
Lubans, Jr., assistant university librarian for pub-
lic services, Perkins Library, Duke University in
Durham, and Kathleen Moeller-Peiffer, head li-
brarian, Orange County Public Library in Hillsbo-
rough. ALA members will elect twenty-five coun-
cilors from the fifty nominees.

LanierTs name was omitted from the list of
nominees published in the November issue of
American Libraries but will appear on the ballot
when it is presented at the Mid-Winter Confer-
ence of ALA in Chicago in January and also on the
final ballot.

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NCLA Conference
Awards and Resolutions

Mildred S. Councill, Life Membership

A former president of
NCLA, Mildred S. Councill
has been active in the library
profession for many years.
She was supervisor of the
WPA Library Project in
Wayne, Lenoir, Jones, Samp-
son, Duplin and Johnston

"Counties and was the first
Library Supervisor for the Wayne County Schools.
Mrs. Councill was also the first professional librar-
ian at Mt. Olive College and was a member of the
Library Science faculty at Appalachian State Uni-
versity from 1965-67. Mrs. Councill has also held
positions at Wayne Community College, Maui
Community College in Hawaii (1970-73) and was
Territorial Librarian of American Samoa
(1973-75).

Senator Harold W. Hardison,
Honorary Membership

Senator Harold W. Har-
dison has been a champion
of public libraries in the legis-
lature. After years without
significant increases in state
financial aid, public libraries
became the beneficiaries in
1980 of legislation introduced
. by Senator Hardison which
increased state aid by 10 per cent and provided
$1 million in matching funds for public library
construction. In 1983, Senator Hardison was
instrumental in developing a new state aid for-
mula for allocation of state aid to public libraries.

Due to the efforts of Senator Hardison, state
aid appropriations to public libraries have in-
creased from $4.35 million in 1980 to $10.8 million
in 1985.

H. William OTShea, Life Membership

H. William OTShea served
as director of the Wake
County Public Libraries from
1966-1981. During that time
the library's system grew
from the two libraries of
Raleigh to a confederated
~ type of library system made

of EON up of city-county-municipali-
ties libraries which provide service throughout
Wake County. Mr. OTShea has participated in
NCLA for many years in various capacities, most
notably as a president of the association. Even in
retirement Mr. OTShea continues his involvement
in NCLA as a member of the Futures Committee.

Eleanor and Elliot Goldstein,
Honorary Membership

Eleanor and Elliot Goldstein are the owners
of Social Issues Resources Services, Inc., which
reprints articles on social issues for use in schools
and libraries. The Goldsteins are also great
defenders of intellectual freedom. Mr. Goldstein is
active on the board of A.L.A.Ts Freedom to Read
Foundation and supports the Intellectual Free-
dom Round Table. Through these organizations,
SIRS funds awards for individuals and institu-
tions owho show courage in defending the princi-
ples of intellectual freedom.� NCLA was the first
recipient of the SIRS Intellectual Freedom Award.
NCLA expresses appreciation to the Goldsteins
for their untiring work against censorship.

1985 Winter"197

Representative George W. Miller, Jr.,
Honorary Membership

Representative George
W. Miller, Jr. has been a
friend to libraries ever since
he was elected to the General
Assembly in 1971. As a mem-
ber of the Legislative Com-
mission on Obscenity Laws,
he repeatedly spoke in sup-
port of the librarian in the
areas of intellectual freedom and freedom to
read. During the 1985 session of the General
Assembly, Representative Miller introduced the
bill oConfidentiality of Library User Records� and
followed it to passage into law.

Dr. Samuel T. Ragan, Honorary Membership

North CarolinaTs poet
laureate, Dr. Ragan is the
author of a number of books,
including oThe Tree in the
Far Pasture� and oJourney
into Morning� and is a former
editor of the Raleigh News
and Observer (1957-1969).
As the first secretary of the
combined North Carolina Department of Cultural
Resources (1969-73), he strengthened the work of
the State Library and pressed in the General
Assembly for more state appropriations for local
libraries. Dr. Ragan is also a member of the North
Carolina Library Resources Commission.

Paynter and Russell are
Ray Moore Award Winners

Ray Nichols Moore, 1914-1975, was assistant
director of the Durham County Public Library
and public library editor of North Carolina
Libraries at her death. NCLA chose to memorial-
ize her by establishing the Ray Moore Award, now
given at the conference for the best article pub-
lished about public libraries in North Carolina
Libraries during the biennium preceding the con-
ference. The award recipient is determined by the
North Carolina Libraries editorial board.

The editorial board chose co-winners for

198"North Carolina Libraries

1983-85. David Paynter, director of the New Han-
over County Public Library, was a winner for his
article, oBranch Library Use in North Carolina
Metropolitan Areas,� published in the Fall 1984
issue of NCL. Robert C. Russell, director of the
Elbert Ivey Memorial Library in Hickory, won for
his article, oCollection Development in a Munici-
pal Public Library,� published in the Spring 1985
NCL.

Dr. Gene D. Lanier, Professor of Library Science at East
Carolina University, was honored with two awards at the
Biennial Conference of the North Carolina Library Associa-
tion held in the Raleigh Civic Center October 2-4, 1985. He
was cited for his dedication and contributions toward protect-
ing First Amendment rights and fighting attempts at censor-
ship in the state. Lanier, a former president of the
organization, has served as chairman of the organizationTs
Intellectual Freedom Committee since 1980. He has been the
major spokesman for the freedom to read in communities
throughout the state as well as in the General Assembly.

The NCLA Intellectual Freedom Award plaque was pre-
sented by Amanda Bible, Director of the Columbus County
Public Library, a former recipient of the prestigious award
and a member of the committee. Elliot Goldstein, president of
Social Issues Resources Series, Inc. of Boca Raton, Florida,
presented Lanier with the SIRS Intellectual Freedom Award
citing his contributions in the area of intellectual freedom.
The SIRS award includes $500 to the recipient and a $500
contribution in Dr. LanierTs name designated to the ECU
Department of Library and Information Studies.

Winners of the Public Library Section Public Relations CommitteeTs PR awards are, from left to right, Barbara Cashwell, Cumber-
land County; Vivian Beech, New Hanover County; Carol Walters, Montgomery County; Kem Ellis, High Point; Brenda Stephens,
Orange County; and Suzanne Niver, Davidson County.

Baker and Taylor/Junior Members Round Table Grassroots Grant winner Melanie Collins, and JMRT Young Librarian Award
winner Warren Gary Rochelle.

1985 Winter"199

Resolutions, North Carolina Library Association
Conference, 1985

WHEREAS, the North Carolina Library Asso-
ciation has been assembled in its biennial confer-
ence in Raleigh, North Carolina October 2 to 4,
1985, and

WHEREAS, the members of the association
have experienced successful and highly beneficial
meetings;

BE IT RESOLVED, that the members of the
Association express their gratitude especially to
Dr. Leland Park who has served with distinction
as the President during the 1983-85 biennium and
to Vice President and Program Chairman, Pauline
Myrick and to all members of the Executive
Board, officers of sections and committee mem-
bers, all of whom have given many hours of dedi-
cated service in furthering the goals and aims of
the Association.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Associa-
tion formally extend its appreciation to Governor
and Mrs. James G. Martin for the gracious open
house at the GovernorTs Mansion and their pres-
ence at the PresidentTs Dance; and to Lieutenant
Governor Robert B. Jordan III and the Honorable
Patric Dorsey, Secretary of Cultural Resources, as
well as E. J. Josey, immediate Past President of
the American Library Association, for their partic-
ipation in the conference;

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Associa-
tion extend thanks to all of the Conference Com-
mittee who worked diligently to make the
Conference a success, especially Arial Stephens,
Conference Manager and Johnny Shaver, Local
Arrangements Chairman and his secretary, Pat

Watson, for their untiring efforts; and to Janet
Freeman and Dr. Martha Smith, who co-chaired
the Registration Committee as well as Jean John-
son, Coordinator of personnel for registration and
to all who staffed the registration table; to Exhib-
its Chairman William Kirwan and his secretary,
Sharon Kimble; to the managers and staffs of the
Raleigh Civic Center and the Radisson Plaza Hotel
as well as to the staff of Ogden Foods for excellent
meeting and banquet arrangements; and to Mary
Lee Moore and the Vocational Educational Orna-
mental Horticulture Class of Chatham County
High School for the lovely flowers at the Confer-
ence banquet; and to the Davidson College Jazz
Ensemble for music that provided the special
touch to an enjoyable evening; to North Carolina
State Librarian David McKay and the staff of theT
N. C. State Library for hosting the outstanding
conference reception; to Joseph Ruzicka-South,
Inc. for printing the conference program, and to
Raymond Weeks and Laurie Stephens for design-
ing the program logo; and to all the exhibitors for
their excellent displays and helpfulness.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that special
thanks be given to all speakers and program par-
ticipants, including those who spoke at the
general sessions: The Honorable Lacy H. Thorn-
burg, N. C. Attorney General, Dr. Dudley Flood,
Associate State Superintendent of the N. C.
Department of Public Instruction, and Dr. Charles
V. Petty, former Director of the GovernorTs Office
of Citizen Affairs and to all who by their efforts
and presence contributed to the success of the
conference.

I. T. Littleton, Chairman, Judie Davie, Arial Stephens

Mary Avery and Mertys Bell share a laugh with John Berry, editor of Library Journal and featured speaker for the Community and

Junior College Libraries Section.

200"North Carolina Libraries

NCLA Conference Committee opens the exhibits. From left to right are Fred Marble, Arial Stephens, Sharon Kimble, Leland Park,
Pauline Myrick, William Kirwan, Johnny Shaver and Larry Roland.

NCLA Exhibits were the best ever " 100 spaces were sold.

1985 Winter"201

Janet Freeman and Marti Smith coordinated registration, Secretary of Cultural Resources Patric Dorsey spoke on
with lots of help from Wake County schools personnel. oLibraries and Literacy� at the Trustees Section luncheon.
With her is Jake Killian, chairman of the Trustees Section.

This was the biggest NCLA ever, with over 1400 people registered.

202"North Carolina Libraries

Greetings: Concerns on Access

to Information
E. J. Josey

President Park, officers, and members of the
North Carolina Library Association. I am de-
lighted to have this opportunity to participate in
your Biennial Conference and bring greetings on
behalf of the American Library Association. As
the Immediate Past President of ALA, I am espe-
cially pleased to be in the great State of North
Carolina, for several reasons: 1) my mother is a
native of North Carolina; 2) my father grew up in
North Carolina; 3) my daughter currently lives
here in North Carolina; 4) I have had a long-time
association with the School of Library and Infor-
mation Science at North Carolina Central Univer-
sity, as a member of its Advisory Council and last,
but not least, I have so many wonderful friends
and colleagues in this state that I have worked
with in ALA over the years, and I have such high
regard and hold them in high esteem for their
outstanding contributions to our chosen field of
librarianship.

As I reviewed your program, I became
intrigued with the title of the North Carolina
Attorney General's address, oLegal Issues Facing
Librarians Today,� for we librarians in America in
general and in ALA in particular, have become
concerned about the importance of information
in an information society.

From my perspective as the Immediate Past
President of the American Library Association, I
see several barriers to access to information that
should be of special concern to all of us as we pass
from the Industrial Age to this new age of infor-
mation and technology. The first barrier I see is
literacy"or rather the lack of it. There are 27
million Americans who cannot read and these
non-readers directly affect and are affected by
crime, unemployment, poverty, and human suf-
fering. They are the oInformation Poor,� as are
their children, who will have very little oppor-
tunity to advance in life because of this handicap.
The second barrier to information is technology.
There was a time that a person could reasonably

Remarks delivered at the 1985 Biennial Conference of the
North Carolina Library Association, Raleigh, North Carolina,
October 2, 1985.

expect to find answers to questions in books; it is
no longer that simple. TodayTs vast store of infor-
mation cannot be made available in print form
and is now found in computer systems. Thus, the
gap has widened between othe information poor
and the information rich.� The third barrier to
information is censorship. Of course, all of us are
familiar with the attacks on our school libraries
and the reasons for censorship. Whatever the rea-
son, the public is in danger of being deprived of
free access to information. The ALA, as all of you
know, has been in the forefront of the battle
against censorship, since the adoption of the
Library Bill of Rights in 1948. Of course, one of the
big sources of censorship today is our Federal
government. Those of you who were at the Mid-
winter Meeting in Washington remember the ALA
Washington Office publication, Less Access to Less
Information. The government is trying to control
information by increasing user charges and limit-
ing access by treating information as a commod-
ity and publishing greater amounts of information
in computer format only. One of the legal issues
that the Executive Board of ALA will have to face
at its fall meeting is a new information issue case.

There are 27 million Ameri-
cans who cannot read and
these non-readers directly af-
fect and are affected by crime,
unemployment, poverty and hu-
man suffering.

The case at issue involves the decision of the Con-
gress to defund the Library of Congress by
$103,000 in order to prohibit the publication in
braille of Playboy Magazine. It was Congressman
Chalmers Wiley, R-Ohio, who added the amend-
ment to decrease the Library of Congress appro-
priation for 1985-86 by $103,000 to defund the
brailling of Playboy. It was the same Congress-
man, Mr. Wiley, who attempted to defund the

1985 Winter"203

brailling of Playboy in 1981. This effort was
turned back by a coalition of groups, including the
American Council of the Blind, the American
Library Association, and several veteransT groups
joined together in opposition to his efforts. In
1981, many of you may remember that ALA
passed the resolution on the reaffirmation of
access for the physically handicapped. For more
than 15 years, since 1970, the National Library
Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
has produced a Braille edition of Playboy Maga-
zine, not necessarily because the Library of Con-
gress is promoting Playboy, but because the
National Library Service for the Blind and Physi-
cally Handicapped Advisory Committee recom-
mended it. ALA will have to decide whether or not
it will be the plaintiff in a suit or amicus. I can
assure you that some action will have to be taken.

Only the preservation of public
libraries, publicly supported,
can assure that each individ-
ual has equal and ready access
to information.

The fourth barrier, of course, is money. Our finan-
ces have always been at the mercy of government
allocations, state and local funding and private
contributions. The last 10 years clearly demon-
strate that we cannot take our support for
granted. You may recall that in June 1984, in Dal-
las, in my Inaugural Address I said othat only the
preservation of public libraries, publicly sup-
ported, can assure that each individual has equal
and ready access to information.� If, ladies and
gentlemen, we are to ensure the continuation of
our country as a democratic republic with free
institutions in an open society, it is imperative
that not only librarians and boards of trustees of
our public libraries insist on free access to infor-
mation, but it is also important for all of the
American people to work to eliminate all barriers
to libraries, books, and information.

In 1985, we would be wise to remember the
words of Thomas Jefferson who once said,

oIf a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a
state of civilization, it expects what never was
and never will be ... If we are to guard against
ignorance and remain free, it is the responsibility
of every American to be informed.�

204"North Carolina Libraries

Library Research Funded

The chairman of the Research Grants Com-
mittee of the North Carolina Association of
School Librarians, Beth M. Rountree of Charlotte,
announced this week that a proposal by two
graduate students in the East Carolina University
Department of Library and Information Studies
has been funded by the organization. The study
will deal with the leisure reading patterns of rural
ninth grade students in two regions of the state.
Submitting the proposal were Carroll M. Harrell of
Hertford and B. Annette Privette of Zebulon. Ms.
Harrell works in Perquimans County High School
and Ms. Privette is at Bunn High School in Frank-
lin County. Both are candidates for the Master of
Library Science degree at East Carolina.

The research will examine not only whether
and what teenagers read, but will determine how
they obtain reading materials and in what setting
they choose to read. This study will make recom-
mendations concerning the buying and lending
practices of school and public libraries in the
rural areas of the state. It also will help classroom
teachers to design assignments which encourage
rather than discourage leisure reading.

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TodayTs Economic and Political
Climate and What It Means
for Libraries

Major R. Owens

Let me begin by thanking you for suggesting
such a profound and beautifully broad topic for
my speech today. A discourse on oToday's Eco-
nomic and Political Climate and What It Means
for Libraries� offers me an all too rare opportun-
ity to burst forth with ideas and pent-up theories
and forecasts which nobody else has been willing
to entertain. Most groups want specific state-
ments on very narrowly defined topics. But I re-
joice in the latitude you have allowed me. What is
seldom realized is that being one of four hundred
thirty-five congressmen can be a very frustrating
experience. One does not often get a chance to

Speech delivered by Congressman Major R. Owens at the
biennial conference of the North Carolina Library Associa-
tion, October 4, 1985, at the breakfast sponsored by the
Round Table on Ethnic Minority Concerns and the Round
Table on the Status of Women in Librarianship.

speak. And when the opportunity to speak does
come it is usually limited to one minute or five
minutes.

It is an honor to have the opportunity this
morning to share ideas without a five minute time
limit with such a distinguished and critical crowd.
I know itTs early and therefore I feel doubly
honored that so many of you are here. As I stand
here my mind is racing with facts that are rele-
vant for a discussion of the economic and political
climate. In this age of information where you are
bombarded with data from all sides, I sometimes
experience a personal information explosion in
my own head. There is sometimes an information
glut, an information flood which threatens to
drown me. It is easy to understand why so many
people feel so constantly overwhelmed in this age
of information. Too much data, too many facts
can foster confusion; too much knowledge and
information"for some people"creates chaos.

One great advantage of being a librarian is
that we view the world with an encyclopedic
orientation. We are satisfied to know just a little
bit about everything as long as we know where to
find more information if we need it. Librarians
seldom become overwhelmed no matter how
many fragments of information there are. We
remain confident that everything can be fitted
into Dewey or LC.

It would be useful for us to focus first on
todayTs political climate. And beyond the present
climate we also want to forecast the future. In
other words, todayTs political climate is a barome-
ter of the political trends we can expect for the
next five to ten years. Of course the term opoliti-
cal� covers a multitude of developments, events,
postures, strategies, etc. and these happenings
are taking place in many arenas"local, national,
hemispheric, international, outer space, etc. We
could quickly go mad trying to contemplate all of
this at once.

To facilitate understanding, letTs simplify
matters and focus on one key political situation,
one set of dominoes in a casino filled with domi-
noe games. LetTs focus on the basic question of

1985 Winter"205

war and peace. This is a critical question. One
third of the U.S. budget is presently being spent on
military matters at a time when we are not at war.
Tremendous cutbacks have taken place in categor-
ies such as aid to education and aid to libraries in
order to finance a doubling of our military budget.
But what would happen if suddenly or even grad-
ually the security of our country was defined
another way? What would happen if the pros-
pects for a hot war, a global nuclear war, were
greatly diminished? What would happen if the
major decision-makers of this country were to
squarely face the realization that, yes, we are in a
struggle but it is going to be a long protracted
peaceful struggle and not a hot, world devastating
nuclear conflagration?

I submit to you that the most important politi-
cal development, the key trend-setting political
development at this moment, is the closing of the
door of nuclear war as a possible option in the
struggle between communism and capitalism.
Washington jargon repeatedly uses the term win-
dow. You have heard of windows of opportunity
and windows of vulnerability. I want to expand
on the metaphor and say that what is now about
to happen is too big for a window. Not the win-
dow, but I am saying the door of possible global
warfare is closing. The two great adversaries"
Russia and the USA"are presently moving in
ways which are slowly sliding that dangerous
door shut.

Bees

Every day that goes by with negotiations in
Geneva; each pronouncement in this propaganda
contest in preparation for the big summit; and of
course, the summit itself; each day that goes by
with these unfolding developments which often
seem merely ceremonial and sometimes seem to
be completely phony; each day is buying time for
the continuing emergence of the realization on
both sides that global nuclear war would be sui-
cide. Scientists on both sides have already agreed
on a whole list of possible consequences of
nuclear war including the long nuclear winter
where the sun will be shut out and all human life
will face starvation or freeze to death.

Even the most bellicose generals are begin-
ning to admit that the horrors of a global nuclear
confrontation are too great to be risked. We can
not take the chance of losing everything in an
attempt to destroy each other. That door is clos-
ing. It is closing slowly but I am confident that the
door of global nuclear war as a possibility will be
tightly shut before we enter the nineties.

But what will be the implication for libraries?
What will this mean for librarians? First, what will
this central and pivotal political development
mean for other political developments? How will
this international and global adjustment impact
on national and local politics? How will it affect
the deficit? What will be the impact on tax
reform? What will be the impact on the economy?
Where will librarians be needed and what will be

1983-85 NCLA Executive Board: (standing) Karen Perry, Judith Sutton, Ben Speller, Eunice Drum, Stuart Basefsky, Mertys Bell,
Leland Park, Pauline Myrick, Rebecca Ballentine, Larry Barr, Shirley McLaughlin; (kneeling) Bobbie Williams, Mary Avery, Patsy

Hansel, Vivian Beech, Jerry Thrasher, Arial Stephens.

206"North Carolina Libraries

the economic worth of librarians?

Before we can answer these questions we
must first be clear on one vital point. I said that
the door of possible nuclear global conflict"the
door to the hot war"will be closed. But I also
stated that the struggle between the two domi-
nant politico-economic systems will continue. An
ongoing, long-term conflict similar to the struggle
between ancient Athens and ancient Sparta will
now intensify. But it will be a peaceful struggle.
What does it mean to move from a military strug-
gle preoccupied with missiles and silos to a more
intense peaceful struggle?

In 1985, and in the twentieth and twenty-first
centuries, digging in for a long-term peaceful
struggle means that brain-power and all things
related to the intellectual processes achieve a
premium status. Not merely the brain-power
needed to design missiles and star-wars satellites,
but right across the board: all knowledge and
information about all human endeavors will be
needed. In all the spheres beyond the military we
will need a highly educated populace. At every
level of activity we will need training for excel-
lence.

In a world at peace there will be maximum
commercial competition. Global buying and sell-
ing; free trade versus protectionism; the balance

of payments; the flight of American jobs to
cheaper labor pools; lack of knowledge of the cul-
ture of foreign markets; inadequate knowledge of
foreign language; these and similar problems
must be confronted in the global commercial
competition. Due to an absence of knowledge in
the past, Americans have always entered foreign
arenas with as many handicaps as advantages.
We have always expended more resources than
we should have to achieve less than we should
have.

In 1982, immediately after I was elected to
Congress, I was invited to attend a seminar at
Harvard where the freshmen congressmen would
be taught how to be good congressmen. One
expert after another repeatedly ended with the
same conclusion. In Vietnam and Southeast Asia;
in Central and South America, in the Middle East;
wherever the U.S. had been drawn into military or
peaceful interaction with a non-European coun-
try or region, we had experienced great failures
due to a lack of knowledge of the language, his-
tory, culture, basic mores and traditions of the
area. And furthermore, when efforts were made
to pull back and more systematically study the
history, politics and culture of an area where we
were engaged, there was an absence of books and
other materials to facilitate these crash study

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1985 Winter"207

efforts. In America there were no significant col-
lections of materials on Vietnam, Cambodia,
Korea, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Syria, Chile, etc.
Collections as comprehensive as_ possible,
translated and or in the native language: collec-
tions about all of the countries of the world are
needed by a great nation. Take it for granted that
sooner or later we will be engaged in some enter-
prise in each country on this earth. Whether we
are selling cosmetics in Canada or raincoats in
Brazil; tractors in Nigeria or cameras in Indo-
nesia; whether we are making consulting ¢on-
tracts with Kenya or negotiating scholarships for
South African blacks; regardless of the types of
political, cultural or commercial intercourse, we
will need collections which provide the necessary
background knowledge and information.

Budget decision-makers con-
tinue to assign low priority to
all types of libraries ... Nean-
derthal thinking about librar-
ies is still in command.

Among our friends in the capitalist, free
world the need for understanding in order to
compete with each other is equaled only by the
need for understanding in order to cooperate
with each other. The fact that little Japan seems
now to be taking everything from everybody is
making everybody angry with the Japanese. The
balance of trade between Japan and the US. is
fifty billion dollars in JapanTs favor. The balance of
trade between Japan and the rest of the world is
thirty billion dollars in JapanTs favor. A crude and
not so funny joke I have heard several times in
Washington goes as follows: oIf we donTt learn to
sell more of our products to the Japanese soon,
we'll have to declare war again to prevent them
from taking over the American economy.�

To avoid stupid confrontations among
friends; to maintain world economic order among
the countries of the free world is a challenge
which will require the mobilization of a highly
trained American citizenry. It is obvious that the
overdeveloped economies such as the U.S. and
Japan will soon not have anything to sell which
the other does not already have. The underdevel-
oped countries of the world constitute the market
for the future. But before we can trade the natu-
ral resources of Africa for the manufactured prod-
ucts of the U.S.A. we must help Africans to

208"North Carolina Libraries

develop the industries which extract those re-
sources from the African soil. This is a task which
cannot only be done best by black American engi-
neers and technicians, but black teachers and
black librarians are needed to carry out a parallel
educational and social aid program in Africa.

I have chosen this example because aid to
historically black colleges is presently under
attack in Washington. The point I am making is
that in this coming global peaceful struggle for the
political allegiance of people in all parts of the
world where we are in a struggle for maximum
trade and economic arrangements we will need
all of the educated talent we can get. And particu-
larly where there is some factor which involves a
special affinity or identity with other people, we
should take advantage of that factor. When the
Washington decision makers and budget-makers
fully awake to the implication of the meaning of
the long-term peaceful struggle, they will not be
attacking special aid to black institutions. Instead,
they will be encouraging more aid of all kinds to
get more black graduates for assignments in
many parts of the world.

In addition to the attack on aid to black col-
leges, aid to libraries is also under attack in
Washington. This attack demonstrates an even
greater ignorance of the implications of the
emerging long-term struggle in the commercial
arena with our free world trade rivals and in the
ideological arena with the Soviet Union. The
struggle will require brain-power. The struggle
will require unlimited amounts of knowledge and
information. The struggle will require a popula-
tion trained to make use of knowledge and infor-
mation.

Systems for handling information will be
needed as never before. An almost infinite
number of collections and databases must be
established. In every area of significant activity
systems for storing information; systems for dis-
seminating, targeting information; systems which
librarians are best able to handle will be needed.
Of course, you and I know that these needs are
here already. There are massive library and
information needs which are not being met at
every level and in all types of libraries. Budget
decision-makers continue to assign low priority to
all types of libraries. This is the reality at this
moment. Neanderthal thinking about libraries is
still in command. Unfortunately the news from
Washington this year is not good news. The presi-
dent again placed zero in the budget for all library
programs and congress was forced to wage an
uphill fight to maintain the status quo. Although
nearly two months have passed since the budget

agreement was finalized by the House and the
Senate, there is still no clear statement showing
what ostatus quo� means for Fiscal Year 1986. For
example, last year, the budgeted amount for
LSCA was 125 million dollars. The estimated
expenditure for LSCA, however, was only 86.9 mil-
lion dollars. The question is: Will the fiscal 1986
budget be set at this lower level? And a larger
question, of course, relates to the fact that sucha
large percentage of the 1985 funds were not
spent. Surely the money was needed throughout
the country. What kind of bureaucratic sabotage
did the administration engage in to prevent the
expenditure of authorized and budgeted funds?

In the area of higher education we think the
budget heading is clearer. College library resour-
ces will move from zero to 12.5 million. Library
careers will move from 900,000 dollars to 5 mil-
lion dollars. Research library resources will move
from 6 million to 12.5 million dollars. None of
these figures relate to the enormous needs of the
library community. All of these allocations use
1981 as the starting point and that was the year
of the dramatic cutbacks in human service pro-
grams. As you can see then, the only good news
from Washington is that we prevented the zero
funding disaster recommended by the adminis-
tration.

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But as the door is closed to the possibility of
nuclear war and the realization fully dawns that
we are involved in a long-term struggle where the
winners will be those who accumulate and apply
the most brain-power, this Neanderthal thinking
will be forced to give way to a new recognition of
the importance of the entire education infra-
structure of America. And, more specifically, the
pivotal role of libraries within the education infra-
structure will have to be recognized.

As the importance of every vehicle for educa-
tion and training is understood more, the value of
the library and information services which we
have long taken for granted will be discovered by
important policy makers. We can expect that our
assertion that libraries are the most cost effective
educational units will be validated. The fact that
libraries have the lowest service cost per capita
and the fact that they serve citizens from pre-
school to old age will be more appreciated.

The following are a few of the broader impli-
cations for libraries of these emerging political
and economic developments:

I. Anew perception of libraries and librarians
will raise the level of performance expectations
and generate more and newer demands on the
library and information profession. To respond







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1985 Winter"209

systematically and creatively to this breakthrough
in perception we first of all need a cadre of scho-
lars, intellectuals and philosophers. The new
awareness of the library will come in embryonic
forms and therefore our response must be shaped
by the best minds we can muster. When our
government decides to stop building missiles and
aircraft carriers and to start funding new library
systems, networks, collections and information
retrieval systems on a national scale, who will be
qualified to conceive and implement these ideal
constructs? We are going to need more sound
theories followed by more concrete planning.
We're going to need more people who know how
to package reforms, adapt to changing demands
and oversee new approaches. More professors of
Library Science are needed and more brilliant
students are needed to guarantee the existence of
a braintrust for the immediate and the long-term
future.

II. At the other extreme we need childrenTs
and school librarians with a new orientation.

III. We need to explore the concept of the
public library as a family learning center with a
new kind of librarian who could be called a family
learning counselor.

LEAR ATOR
PARENT

IV. At the corporate level we are going to
need more database administrators, librarians
who are well versed in utilization of information
in every format and willing to accept the chal-
lenge of the information explosion. Computers
and electronic retrieval systems are at the core of
this rapidly emerging expansion of special librar-
ianship.

V. To perform the same kind of critical library
and information tasks for businesses and corpo-
rations too small to maintain in-house odatabase
administrators� there will be a demand for more
library and information service entrepeneurs. The
know-how of library science is a service that one
will be able to sell at higher and higher prices.

VI. To meet the needs of both the private sec-
tor and the government for more information
about foreign friends and enemies, there will be
more overseas assignments for librarians, espe-
cially those who have a knowledge of foreign lan-
guages.

What I am saying is that the implications of
todayTs economic and political climate reveal to
me a dynamic future for the library profession.
The long-term survival of America, the national
security of our country, is dependent on a new

The Public Library SectionTs PR contest featured winning displays and printed pieces.

210"North Carolina Libraries

awakening. And when our decision-makers are
fully aroused from their long Neanderthal sleep
they will understand the need to place librarians
on the front-lines in the continuing peaceful
struggle for commercial and ideological survival.
Our immediate mission is to make certain
that these decision-makers, the people who allo-
cate the budget: our mission is to make certain
that they are aroused sooner instead of later. Our
duty is to rush their reasoning processes and
make them understand that one door is closing
but many new doors of challenge are opening. We
must insist that America can remain America, the
beautiful, only if it becomes America, the in-
formed. We must insist that libraries are needed
to move America beyond basic literacy to infor-
mation literacy and computer literacy and tech-
nological literacy and literacy in international

cultures.
Librarians must step forward to provide a

vital share of the leadership needed to guarantee
an informed America. In these closing years of the
twentieth century and at the dawn of the twenty-
first century, libraries are definitely not a low-e-
nergy activity. As the peaceful struggle gathers
momentum on all fronts, libraries are not super-
fluous, ornamental or subsidiary in the intellec-
tual processes which are the ultimate forces
which will shape our world.

What todayTs economic and political climate
means to librarians is a new opportunity to assert
ourselves: one more opportunity to offer the kind
of guidance and direction that only librarians are
qualified to give. Other professionals may be
awed, confused, overwhelmed by the knowledge
and information explosion. But librarians peer
into that seeming chaos of words, articles, books,
broadcasts, videotapes, microfilms, microfisches,
recordings, pamphlets, films, manuscripts, and
electronic databases and we dare to shape order
out of that chaos. Using knowledge and informa-
tion to make peace will not be a dull or difficult
task for librarians. Rejoice at the closing of the
doorway to violence. Through all the new doors of
intellectual challenge librarians are well prepared
to walk without fear or hesitation. This age of
information is ours.

North Carolina Central University has announced the
appointment of Dr. Benjamin F. Speller, Jr., to the position of
Dean of the School of Library and Information Science.
Speller had served as Acting Dean of the School since 1983,
when he succeeded the late Annette Lewis Phinazee.

Dr. Speller received his Ph.D. degree in Library Science
from Indiana University in 1973. He also received his M.A.T.
in Library Science from Indiana and his A.B. in History from
North Carolina Central University.

Under Dr. SpellerTs tenure as Acting Dean, the School has
changed its name from the School of Library Science to the
School of Library and Information Science, has implemented
a specialization in information management, has received a
grant to study the feasibility of a Masters degree in Informa-
tion Science, and has received a grant to establish an Office
for Library Staff Development and Continuing Education and
a Continuing Education Microcomputer Laboratory.

A member of national, regional, state, and local profes-
sional organizations, Dr. Speller was recently elected a direc-
tor of the North Carolina Library Association. In addition, he
serves as Chair of the Library Education Section of the South-
eastern Library Association and as Chair of the Resources
and Technical Services Section of the North Carolina Library

Association.
Dr. Speller is also the author of a number of journal articles

and monographs in the library field.




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1985 Winter"211

Life and Work

David McPhail

I donTt know how many of you got 6:00 wake-
up calls like I did. I didnTt know what was going
on, where I was. I didnTt know it was dark at 6:00
in the morning. I used to work at night. I'd be
going to bed about the time that the tradesmen
would be going to work. WeTd all have coffee at the
local coffee shop. IT'd be on my way home to bed
and they'd be on their way to work. ThatTs about
the only time I saw them. ITm happy to be here. I
really didnTt know it was a 7:30 breakfast. When
Diana told me, I said, oNo wonder Donne Forest at
Dutton didnTt tell me what time it was.�

Donne Forest, who works at my publisher,
Dutton, and helped make arrangements for me to
be here said, oThey want to know what you're
going to talk about.� I didnTt know until I looked at
the program last night that I was talking about
my life and my work. So I'll attempt to do that.

In past years I've gone to schools. I have done
five or ten, or as many as fifteen, school visits a
year. ItTs quite an experience. ItTs recharging, and
itTs one of the few ways that ITm in touch directly
with my audience. It occurred to me one day, that
the only other person that saw my art, that I
seemed to be working for, was the editor. I would
do drawings. I would have to determine whether
they were any good or not, take them to an editor,
and she or he would then pass judgment. That
would be the end of it. Then I'd go home and start
something else. Years later, a year later, or many
months later at the earliest, I'd start getting some
reaction to my work. Going to schools is where I
get some interesting questions. Second graders,
first graders, up to about the fifth grade, these
kids want to know something. You all know that.
They ask! They say what they feel. I think about
the fifth or the sixth grade they start either
becoming wise guys, or they're too polite. They
won't ask. My favorites, I guess, are the second,
third, and fourth graders. They want to know
things like how old I am. How tall I am. How many
kids I have. Even more personal things like that.
Are you still married? Are you divorced? Things

David McPhail made this presentation at the ChildrenTs Ser-
vices Section breakfast at NCLA.

212"North Carolina Libraries

like that. But they're fun, and I do enjoy that. It is
a recharging experience.

One of the things ITm often asked and have
never been able to get a good answer for is,
oWhere do your stories come from? Where do you
get your ideas? Every time ITm asked that, thereTs
this long silence. I make some attempt to answer
the question. Usually, I think, an inadequate
response to that question. So, I say, when ITm leav-
ing, ITll go home and work on that, and I'll come up
with a better answer. I never do. ITm not going to
wait for someone to ask me where those stories
come from. ITm going to answer it before itTs asked.
That is from things that I remember, things that I
lived or saw growing up, I donTt write them down
literally. I write down my version of what hap-
pened or, in a lot of cases, what I wish had hap-
pened. Either if itTs happening to me something
thatTs good or if itTs happening to my brother
maybe something that was bad. One of the stories
that I wrote about my brother is called Bernard
Meets Jerome. ItTs kind of an obscure book. The
whole title is That Grand Master Jumping
Teacher Bernard Meets Jerome the Great Jump-
ing Glump. | insisted on having the whole title
included. There was some trouble with that. It is
about my brother Ben. One of the stories ITm going
to tell you that may be suitable for this morning is
about Ben at the library. I wrote a story called The
Comic Book Collector. ItTs not in print. ItTs still
sitting on my desk, but it tells about this boy who
collects comic books. He loves comic books. This
was in the days when comic books were 10 cents.
That was the main form of entertainment. Even
before we had television, we had comic books.
Those comic books came out on the 29th of the
month. My brother was right there with whatever
dimes heTd collected, waiting for the man to
unload at the newstand. He was probably only ten
years old. I think a lot of this is me, not just Ben,
because I collected comic books. We had to figure
out where to get the money. It wasnTt easy. One
good thing was returnable bottles. We collected
returnable bottles. We sometimes resorted to
such things as washing pots and pans. Copper
bottoms before the age of Twinkle were murder.

That was a last resort. One of the most lucrative
sources of dimes to pay for these comic books was
the library, the Newspaper and Periodicals Room
at the Newburyport, Massachusetts Public Li-
brary. They had all of these old easy chairs, but
stuffed chairs with removable cushions. All you
had to do was lift up a cushion, and you'd find
change under there. It sounds easy but, the Head
Librarian, I assume she was the Head Librarian,
was also in charge of the N & P Room. Her desk
was on a platform. She could survey the whole
room. Kids were not allowed in that room. It was
difficult to get in there and ransack the cushions.
We would go in the door to the ChildrenTs Room,
which was near the front door. The N & P Room
was at the end of the hall, so she could see the
length of the hall and see who came and went. But
it was a ways down. I donTt think her eyesight was
all that good. WeTd go in and go into the ChildrenTs
Room. And then when she wasnTt looking, weTd go
out the rear door of the ChildrenTs Room into the
corridor and duck quickly into this little alcove
where the bathroom was. WeTd sneak into the
bathroom and flush the toilet and stick the han-

aN
\

dle, so it would keep running. Now, weTd sneak
back into the ChildrenTs Room and get behind the
door. The poor ChildrenTs Librarian was always
blamed for that handle being stuck. So the Librar-
ian in the N & P Room could not stand it any
longer. It would flush and flush and flush. It was
just running. SheTd finally jump down off that
platform and come steaming down the hall into
the ChildrenTs Room to yell, to take the ChildrenTs
Librarian to task. The minute sheTd pass that
door, weTd go around and make a dash for that
first chair. WeTd tip that cushion out. If there were
too many people sitting there weTd say, oMister,
you dropped your pipe over there.� HeTd get up
and look for it. WeTd go through the cushions. Ina
good day, weTd probably get 85¢. It was worth it.
We'd stay till we were chased out. But she never
really put it all together that thatTs how it worked.
ThatTs my library story.

I do work once in awhile, contrary to what
some of my editors think. I was working, not yes-
terday. The last day I worked was Wednesday. I
have a little office I go to down in the village that I
live in. I had put in a great day. I didnTt want the

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1985 Winter"213

day to end. As I was leaving, I locked the door and
I said, oWhy is it so hard to get here? Why donTt I
work more? I love it. I donTt want to go home.�
There are days when I do everything but work. I
put every obstacle in the way of what ITm doing, of
even getting there. I have an errand to do. I have
wood to chop. I have animals to feed. I have vis-
itors. I start the day thinking ITm going to work,
and every day I know ITm going to work and don't.

My editor, on Wednesday, when I was telling
her what a good day ITd had said, oif I lived in New
Hampshire, ITd have this great picture window. I'd
have a view of the mountains and a brook and all
that stuff.�

I said, oWell, it sounds good.�

She said, oWell, isnTt that what you have?�

Issaids ING...

She said, oWhat do you look out on?�

I said, oWell, I have a tiny window, if I care to
look out, it looks out on a parking lot and a gas
pump.�

She said, oNo wonder you donTt like to go
there. Do you have music?�

I said, oNo! ThereTs no radio. ThereTs no coffee
machine.�

Well, you've got to do those things.

I said, oNo, I thought that I should set some-
thing up, an office where everything was really
Spartan where I would do nothing but work.
Because, if I had a radio, I'd find a way to spend
20 minutes turning the dials every morning. If I
had a coffee machine, I'd be doing that for
another hour. If I had a window, of course, I'd be
looking out. oSo,� I said, oI have to do it this way.�

She said, oIt doesnTt matter. You donTt go there.
You might as well have a window and a coffee
machine and at least get there!�

ItTs true. I donTt work very often. When I hear
stories about people working hard, in any line of
work, I donTt think ITm envious. I can do it if l want
to. Nobody's keeping me but myself. But I admire
people who can work.

I met Trina Hyman one day when I went to
her farm. She said, oCome in and visit.� She would
work while she was visiting. She would sit there
and draw. This was in the days she was doing
probably eight or ten books a year. Drawing ten or
twelve hours a day. An incredible capacity for
work. A lovely lady.

Just one more story about working or not
working. My editor when I started in this business,
the editor on The BearTs Toothache and a number
of my books, also wrote a story that I illustrated.
Emily McCleod wrote The BearTs Bicycle. She was
a lovely lady. She always knew when I came to
Boston, and we were having lunch, that I would

214"North Carolina Libraries

have some complaints about how much money I
didnTt have, and how little she was paying me. I
was going back to driving a truck. Never mind this
drawing business.

Emily said, oThatTs a lot of money. Now tell me

�

But, I said, oItTs not enough money. I had to
borrow car fare to get here.�

She said, oTell me, how much do you work to
get that money?�

I said, oNo, I donTt work eight hours a day.�

She said, oWell, six?�

I didnTt say anything.

oFour?�

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I said, oWell, some days.�

She said, oWeTre not talking about some days.
We're talking about the average day. How much
time do you put in? Do you work more than an
hour a day?�

I said, oThatTs about right.�

She said, oMy God, you make more than my
psychiatrist makes.�

ItTs been getting better. I know when I did The
BearTs Toothache, Emily took me to lunch on the
publication date, which was one of the wonderful
things about publishing in the old days. On the
publication day, I would get a telegram saying,
oToday is the publication date of your book.�
Around Christmas time, ITd get a leather bound
volume of that book and get invited to New York
or Boston for lunch. Now itTs more of a business,
sad to say. ThereTs still lovely people involved. A
lot of those little touches are gone. All in all, T'd
rather have the money, but they're nice touches.

When The BearTs Toothache was published,
Emily invited me to Boston and we had lunch. She
said, oWhat are you going to do now?�

I had no plans to do another book. oWell, T'm
going to retire, of course. ITm going to buy a farm.
ITm going to be a gentleman farmer.�

She said, oDid you inherit some money?�

I said, oNo, I got a trade book published.�

She said, oI know that. ITm the publisher of it,
arenTt I?�

I said, oWhat are you asking me that silly
question for?�

She said, oYou come back in ten or fifteen
years when you have twenty, twenty-five, or thirty
books done and tell me how rich you are. How
you're going to retire.�

I laughed and I said, oEmily, this book is going
to do well. ItTs going to make me rich.�

One of the things ITm often
asked and have never been
able to get a good answer for
is: oWhere do your stories
come from? Where do you get
your ideas?�

It sort of has. ItTs still in print. That was 1972.
It still sells a couple or 3,000 copies a year. I figure
each one of those twenty-five drawings has
earned me several thousand dollars. But it didnTt
come the next day like I thought it would.

SheTs right. I've done twenty-five or thirty or
thirty-five books. Financially, things are looking
up. I wouldnTt want to go back. I wouldn't want to
be starting these days. ITm happy to have the free-
dom to do what I please. When I do a book, I have
a lot of say about what size it is, and if itTs going to
be color or black and white. What kind of paper
even, what kind of type. So I have a wonderful
time working with people. Helping to design and
that sort of thing. ITm probably not the best per-
son to work with. I donTt like the confinements of
a page. ITm doing a book now where I donTt know
what size the book will be. I've got some lovely
paper that I bought and I want to use as much of
that paper, as much of that surface as I can. Then,
ITm going to turn them over to the art director,
and we'll discuss what size book it ought to be.

ItTs a wonderful business. ItTs nice to be able
to do for an hour a day what you really like to do.
It took me a while to reconcile that I was getting
paid for art. I was prepared to go without. When it
came time to choose between bread and tubes of
paint, I was going to be buying tubes of paint. In
childrenTs books, there have been times when ITve
been lucky enough to have the opportunity to
choose that. But I wanted to be a fine artist and
starve. It took a while to reconcile that. Yes, you
can get paid for doing something that you like.
You don't have to be embarrassed by it. I still have
friends whom I was in school with who don't
paint, who work for insurance companies and
other things. I donTt think it was any great initia-

Dr. Dudley E. Flood, Associate State Superintendent, N.C.
Department of Public Instruction, entertained banquet-goers
with the oMagic of the Written Word.�

1985 Winter"215

tive on my part. It has a lot to do with circum-
stance. With having loving and encouraging
people around me.

I want to tell you one quick story about Tris-
tian, whoTs now sixteen. A difficult age for me,
sixteen. Not when I was sixteen, but him being
sixteen. No longer a boy. A big man-child, with a
job. Going from a $5.00 a week allowance to a
$175.00 a week carpentry job, wanting to buy a
car. Well, learn to drive first. Get his car license.
An electric guitar turned up loud. You donTt have
to be sixteen to have that ITm sure.

When he was about four, I was doing a book
called Henry BearTs Park, It was a difficult time
when I was working on that book. My family life
was falling apart. My wife and I were about to be
separated. It was hard doing that book. ThereTs a
lot of my feelings in that book. ItTs a book of line
drawings. Tiny, tiny lines. Millions of little lines
make up those pictures. I would work at night. I
would work all night and then would go to bed
about daylight. I was going to bed about 5:30.
Then Tristian would be up about 6:30 or so. The
ritual was that I would work on the drawings all
night. Then Tristian would get up, and the first

& 8000

thing he would do was go to my drawing board,
which was in the corner of my bedroom. He would
look at the drawing ITd done and pass judgment.
It was judgment. It was critical. It was important
to me. One night I did a drawing of Henry Bear
playing his cello in the rain under the umbrella
tree. I loved it. Every one of those lines I'd feel.
Every one of those lines was important to me. I
loved doing it. ItTs almost therapy. You draw a
million little lines this way, and you change the
angle and draw a million that way. ItTs fun.

I loved the drawing, but I wasnTt sure that it
looked like rain. ThereTs Henry playing the cello,
but thereTs just all those lines. Does it really look
like rain? I hate that feeling of not knowing. I
never know for sure whether itTs good or bad, but
I get good feelings or bad feelings. ItTs the in-bet-
ween feelings that drive me crazy. I couldnTt keep
my eyes open any longer, so I did go to bed. I
nodded off. The next thing I remember was Tris-
tian shaking me. I managed to get my eyes open.
He was holding the drawing of Henry Bear playing
the cello. oDad, itTs beautiful. ItTs Henry playing the
cello in the rain! Playing music in the rain!�

That made the drawing for me. HeTs now six-
teen. I donTt hear much from him about what I do.

otk

The guy with the glasses is the governor. He joined the Davidson Jazz Ensemble for a number during the PresidentTs Dance.

216"North Carolina Libraries

Young Adolescents and Libraries

Sue Rosenzweig, Director of Information Ser-
vices at the Center for Early Adolescence, Carr
Mill Mall, Carrboro, N.C., presented a program on
oYoung Adolescents and Libraries� at the 1985
Biennial Conference in Raleigh. Approximately
200 school and public librarians who work with
10- to 15-year-olds, and library administrators
attended.

The following questions were addressed:

1. Who are young adolescents?

2. Why provide special services and programs
for them?

3. How can librarians program successfully
for the age group?

4. What programming problems are unique
to libraries and how can we solve them?

Rosenzweig described normal early adoles-
cence as a time of rapid physical changes includ-
ing the growth spurt, primary sex changes
(menstruation and ejaculation), and secondary
sex changes (growth of body hair, voice changes,
changes in body shape, etc.). The young adoles-
cent experiences socioemotional changes as well:
mood swings, emerging importance of the peer
group, problems of self-esteem, and feelings of
awkwardness. They wonder if they are onormal.�

Early adolescence is a time of great egocen-
trism. One of the signs of egocentrism is David
ElkindTs oimaginary audience,� where young peo-
ple believe they are always the center of attention,
oon stage,� everyone is looking at them, noting
details of appearance and performance.

New thinking skills begin to emerge during
this period. Young adolescents start to think
abstractly and begin to think of the future, but
they do not have the life experience to help them
make wise decisions. ElkindTs opersonal fable,�
another aspect of egocentrism, is also linked to
cognitive development. oI am unique. I am the
only one that ever felt like this. I won't get preg-
nant. It wonTt happen to me,� are examples of the
personal fable. Recent trends in pregnancy pre-
vention and drug abuse prevention programs

Patrice Ebert, Sharon Branch Librarian with the Public
Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, summarized
Ms. RosenzweigTs remarks for NCL.

reflect this aspect of development. Brooke
ShieldsTs anti-smoking campaign is an example"
she exhorts teens not to smoke because oit looks

bad,� not because smoking causes cancer.

Because of the great changes they are expe-
riencing, physically, cognitively, and emotionally,
young adolescents need to have a feeling of com-
petence and achievement, They often volunteer
for community work to satisfy these needs. They
volunteer in libraries and as candystripers, for
example.

Our culture is in the midst of a social revolu-
tion which makes our work with adolescents
extremely important. Young teens do not come
home from school to find adults at home. In 1946
only 18% of mothers in dual parent households
were employed outside the home. In 1980, how-
ever, 66% of mothers in dual parent households
held down jobs outside the home. There are more
single parents, and in 1984, 78% of all single par-
ents were employed. North Carolina has the high-
est percentage of working mothers in the United
States today.

At the same time that parents are now work-
ing outside the home, we see cutbacks in social
services: parks and recreation, libraries, and so
forth. Young adolescents come home to nearly
empty neighborhoods. There are no women at
home, no extended families, no supervised play-
grounds.

Parents want their teens to
frequent the library and to
read. The library is free, safe
and supervised.

The olatchkey� phenomenon really is not the
issue for this age group. There is consensus that
younger children need supervision, and those
over 15 do not, but even parents cannot agree on
the right age at which those in between can be left
unsupervised. The lack of consensus reflects the
variability and diversity of the age group.

1985 Winter"217

Young adolescents need to interact with
adults other than their parents. They need oppor-
tunities more than supervision. The Center for
Early Adolescence has been studying the o3:00 to
6:00 issue� and identifying successful community
programs for five years. (Unfortunately one cri-
terion for success eliminated many library pro-
grams: the program must meet regularly over a
period of time. Most libraries present programs
on an irregular basis.)

In any event, a successful program must
address the following needs: physical activity
(young teens have boundless energy to expend),
positive social interaction with peers and adults,
and structure with clear limits (clear expecta-
tions are crucial to unsure, self-critical young
people). These successful programs will also be
responsive to the need for competence and
achievement, self-definition (the growing teen is
learning about the new adult person he or she will
become), and creative expression. Good pro-
grams offer meaningful participation. These
events are planned with, not for, young adoles-
cents.

After an excellent slide tape presentation,
Rosenzweig turned her attention to young adoles-
cents and libraries. Parents want their teens to
frequent the library and to read. The library is
free, safe, and supervised. The kids need informa-
tion, and they need the library for homework
research.

How do librarians solve the problems they
have in dealing with young teens? Early in the
program, the participants turned in cards de-
scribing their problems. Noting that these same
problems inevitably turn up in her presentations
all over the country, Rosenzweig invited the
audience to offer their solutions. A common prob-
lem was discipline. Suggested solutions included
having a staffer near the area where the teens
congregate"sitting at the table, if necessary. If
they hang out and create disturbances, be con-
sistent and firm about evicting offenders. Have
few rules, but enforce them. Invite youth partici-
pation and let them help you write the rules. Give
the kids some useful activities: have them volun-
teer, make a bulletin board, or even teach younger
children how to use the microcomputer if you
have one. Visit the schools and be visible. Estab-
lish a personal relationship with the kids. If they
know you, they will be less likely to misbehave.

Another big problem concerned lack of
administrative support. Solutions included docu-
menting the need for YA programs with statistics
which show how many teens your library is serv-
ing. Point out that these kids will grow up to be

218"North Carolina Libraries

adult library patrons and voters for library bonds
in the future. Invite the director and administra-
tive officials to your activities. One library director
urged librarians to organize a program proposal
and pursue it. It never hurts to ask!

oHow do we get kids interested?,� librarians
asked. Ask the young people"start youth partic-
ipation and advisory councils. Get their ideas
about what theyd like. Write for the low-cost pub-
lication oYouth Participation in School and Public
Libraries,� available from the American Library
Association.

If your library is too busy with too many
patrons to serve, contact community groups and
have them hold their programs in the library,
especially if you have a meeting room. This solu-
tion works, too, if teens are too busy with other
activities to attend library programs. Meet with
other professionals who work with youth services
and establish networks. Have the kids publish a
booklet or newsletter on activities available in the
community. Concentrate library programs on
teacher work days when there will be no school
activities.

Another problem focused on how to get
young teens to volunteer. Use buttons or T-shirts,
have a party. Ask for a clear-cut, short-term
commitment, not a nebulous, long range project
without specific goals. Ask your volunteers (and
your teen employees) what kind of program they
would attend, then let them help organize and
run the program.

Book discussion groups, such as oJunior Crit-
ics,� have great success. Have the kids read, evalu-
ate, and vote for Best Books each year. They can
then compare their choices with the ALA YASD
Best Books selections. The journal VOYA (Voice of
Youth Advocates) likes to publish reviews by
young adults. Encourage the group to submit
their reviews for publication.

In conclusion, Rosenzweig advised to expect
some failures. Let the kids experience program
failure, too. After all, thatTs life.

Ms. Rosenzweig welcomes requests for additional information.
She would also be interested in hearing what others are doing
in their work with this age group.

Copies of articles from this
publication are now available from

the UMI Article Clearinghouse.

Mail to: University Microfilms International
300 North Zeeb Road, Box 91 Ann Arbor, MI 48106

Remarks on Fatal Vision

Joe McGinniss

Whenever I talk about Fatal Vision, which I
donTt do all that often because in truth, the sub-
ject does remain quite painful to me, I feel the
need to get any humor out of the way at the start
because once I begin discussing any aspect of this,
as you will see, it leaves laughter a long way
behind.

ItTs been six years now since the jury verdict,
since Jeffrey McDonald was convicted, but the
story just does not stop. Toward the end of the
book, I wrote, oAs long as there is money to pay
them, the lawyers and private investigators will be

Joe McGinnis, author of Fatal Vision, made this presentation
at the Public Library Section Meeting at NCLA.

able to keep busy for years and there will always
be new witnesses and new leads.� I quoted Brian
Murtagh as saying oHeTs never going to accept his
guilt, heTs never going to just sit in jail. There's a
temptation to say ~the end, this is it, finished.T But
no, not really; the case is never going to be in a
posture where he just quietly sits and lets the
years roll by.� Well, Mr. Murtagh certainly called
that one right. In fact, as some of you may be
aware, Mr. Murtagh will be in court on Monday, in
Richmond, along with lawyers for Mr. McDonald. I
say oMr.� because as you may be aware, he is no
longer a doctor. He has had his medical licenses
revoked, so it is no longer necessary to call him Dr.
McDonald. They'll be in court in Richmond argu-
ing his latest appeal of Judge DupreeTs latest
denial of the latest motion for a new trial. I have
no doubt that the fourth circuit will find that
Judge Dupree has ruled correctly, but ITm also
quite sure that even after that we'll have petitions
to Congress and we'll have bids for presidential
pardons and we'll have new appeals based on
onew evidence� and so on and so on, etc. etc. ad
infinitum, which, incidently, exhausts my supply
of conversational Latin.

In the last chapter of Fatal Vision, I proved
myself to be a lot less smart than Brian Murtagh,
for I begin that chapter by saying, oIt is over for
me though, I have reached the end.� Well, that
was written in the fall of 1982, and here in the fall
of 1985, which seems to be about three years
later, ITm standing before you about to talk about
Jeffrey McDonald and some of the things I went
through while writing the book. To tell you the
truth, it is McDonald himself who is making it
impossible for me to call this over. For as long as
he sits in his Texas prison and sends out news-
letters and gives interviews and files law suits and
attempts to mislead and deceive the public about
me as well as the facts concerning his crimes, I
feel, really, both a moral duty and a professional
obligation to respond and to continue to articu-
late the truth as I have come to understand it.

You know, itTs a terrible thing, really, to
believe, to be convinced, that a man you know, a
man toward whom you once felt friendship, did

1985 Winter"219

with his own hands beat and stab to death his
own little daughters and his wife and his unborn
son. A terrible thing. My life would be a lot more
comfortable today, and it would have been a lot
more comfortable these past six years if I had not
grown convinced of the fact that Jeffrey McDon-
ald murdered his family. It would be a lot more
rewarding and satisfying emotionally to work to
get an innocent man out of jail than to keep a
guilty one in. Of course, it is not my task to keep
Jeffrey McDonald in prison, nor did I have any-
thing to do with putting him there; although he
wouldn't agree with that ITm afraid, he seems to
think that somehow ... He did an interview last
week in which he said that there have been three
great tragedies in his life. The first of course was
the night of February 17, when at least four
intruders slaughtered his family. The second was
the conviction in 1979 and the third was the pub-
lication of Fatal Vision. So, we now have the book
equated in his mind with the murders themselves,
which is an interesting insight into the way his
mind works. My task is not that of the criminal
justice system, my task was simply to work as
hard as I could for as long as it took to learn the
truth about what happened to Colette and Kim-
berly and Kristen McDonald at Fort Bragg on Feb-
ruary 17, 1970; and when I had then learned all
that I could, to write about it the best way I knew
how. That is what I did in Fatal Vision and thereTs
nothing in my professional life of which ITm more
proud.
But I did not come here this morning to con-
gratulate myself; rather I came to explore with
you for the next half hour or so some of the impli-
cations of the question I have been asked most
frequently in the two years since Fatal Vision was
first published, mainly, oWhen did you become
convinced that Jeffrey McDonald had murdered
his wife and children?� ThatTs a logical, sensible
question but any adequate answer to it is bound
to be somewhat complex, involving as it does the
intellect and the emotions and a great deal of
other assorted psychological baggage. It is not, in
short, the sort of question that can be answered
with surgical or even legal precision. But I have,
over the past couple of years, given it a great deal
of thought and this morning I would like to share
some of those thoughts with you in the hope that
-they might give you, librarians, who deal with the
end product"the neatly packaged, finished
work"might give you some insight into the con-
fused and turbulent and even contradictory pro-
cess of thinking and writing about events of such
dreadful magnitude.

220"North Carolina Libraries

When did I become convinced that Jeffrey
McDonald had killed his wife and children? The
truth is, I knew it with absolute certainty in my
heart as well as in my head only when I finished
writing Fatal Vision. The act of writing was the
final step of my quest for knowledge and under-
standing. It was through that process that I
unlocked the various closed doors at different
levels of my consciousness and unconsciousness
to discover what it was that I truly and irrevoca-
bly believed. Indeed, the process was not simply
one of discovery, but one of creation. And it was
not simply creation of a book, the words on paper,
but creation of the very belief, the very conviction,
that McDonald had committed these murders. We
almost here flirt with epistemology. What is the
nature of knowledge? What do we mean by words
such as oknow,� obelieve,� obecome convinced�? I
will not drift too far into those treacherous philo-
sophical seas this morning but will say that as a
writer, aS a creative artist struggling with the
most difficult question I have ever had to face, I
found myself appreciating the wisdom of the
remark once made by Flannery OTConnor. She
said oI write because I donTt know what I think
until I read what I say.� Think about that remark
for a moment and its implication. I suggest that it

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is entirely apt that the complex interrelation of
the various components of the creative process
which it implies is exactly what governed me and
my attitudes during the period of evolution
necessary to produce that book.

When did I become convinced
that Jeffrey McDonald had
killed his wife and children?
The truth is, I knew it with
absolute certainty in my heart
as well as in my head only
when I finished writing Fatal
Vision.

At what moment did I become forever con-
vinced that Jeffrey McDonald was. a killer? It is
not a question, as I say, that can be answered with
mathematical precision. There were too many
sleepless nights, too many terrible dreams, really,
too many blank dull mornings spent staring out
the back window of my house, cold coffee in hand,
postponing for another minute, another five,
another ten, the task of going back upstairs and
again confronting the chilling realization which,
against my will, was forming itself: that Jeffrey
McDonald had in fact fractured the skull of his
pregnant wife with a club; that he had broken
both of her arms with a club; that he had sixteen
times stabbed her in the neck, in the chest with a
knife; that he had shattered the skull of his five
year old daughter with the same club, stabbed
her"you know the details, I donTt have to go
through all he did. But I lived with the man for
seven weeks, three meals a day, seven days a week
with few exceptions. I liked the man, | liked him
enormously. Everyone who met him did. I laughed
with him, jogged with him, drank beer with him,
browsed through bookstores with him, listened to
music with him, talked sports with him. And I also
came to know and like his friends, lawyers, his
brother and his mother. I saw him surrounded by
dozens of those friends, people from high school,
college, the Army, the hospital where he worked
so well for eight years, all of them"people who
believed totally in him and in his innocence. So it
can't be a surprise, I donTt think, that I found
myself wanting to believe the same thing. I had to
look at those crime scene photographs which
depicted what had been done to Colette, Kimberly
and Kristen and then within the hour I would be
looking at him. This happened a number of times

during that summer of the trial, and every time it
happened my reaction was the same: oThis man
could not have done that to those people. He is
not capable, it cannot be.�

However, I sat in court every day and saw the
evidence slowly build up, saw the evidence slowly
build to a point where by the end of the trial I
suppose I felt, as the jury did, the concrete physi-
cal evidence was just too clear, too unambiguous.
It could not be, yet it was. He could not have, yet
he did, and if he did then he was so sick and so
twisted and so horribly far from what he
appeared to be that there was no way of confront-
ing the real man, the one who did that. It was only
this alluring surface personality, and thus there
was no way of sitting down with him and attempt-
ing through candid conversation to reconcile
what could not be true with what in fact had to be
true. I was confronted with what I later learned
the eminent psychiatrist, author and teacher Dr.
Hervey Cleckley has described as a oconvincing
mask of sanity.� There is something else Dr. Cleck-
ley wrote regarding the psychopathic personality
which seems apt. He said, oOnly very slowly and by
a complex estimation or judgment based on mul-
titudinous small impressions does the conviction
come upon us that despite intact rational proc-
esses, normal emotional affirmations and their
consistent applications in all directions, we are
dealing not with a complete man at all but with
something that suggests a subtly constructed
reflex machine which can mimic the human per-
sonality perfectly.� ItTs a frightening notion when
you think about it. I think I read that,"read Dr.
CleckleyTs entire book, in fact"sometime in the
summer of 1980, the first summer after the trial.
Maybe it was the fall. What it did, in conjunction
with other reading I was doing in the psychiatric
literature, was to make me aware that such a
pathology existed; that it was possible that Jeffrey
McDonald could be, as I knew him to be, a warm
and charming and apparently caring person and
at the same time, a man possibly suffering from a
personality disorder known as pathological nar-
cissism, the type of person who is described by Dr.
Otto Kernberg as o... an enraged, empty self, a
hungry wolf out to kill, full of impotent anger at
being frustrated.�

We see the impotent anger in McDonald
expressed even today in various ways: news-
letters, lawsuits, the continuing protestations of
innocence and attacks upon the government and
all who have come to believe him guilty. But what
I was confronted with, starting in the fall of 1979,
but really getting serious in the summer of 1980,
after I had done that kind of reading was the

1985 Winter"221

question, the central question which haunted me,
(and thatTs not too strong a word ... I think
haunted is an appropriate word there) haunted
me throughout the entire process of writing this
book: oHow could he have, how could he have
done that?� And only very slowly and by a com-
plex estimation or judgment based on multitu-
dinous small impressions did the conviction come
upon me that there was a satisfactory explana-
tion, if not entirely satisfactory, at least suffi-
ciently plausible to allow me to accept what the
cold hard objective facts, othe things that do not
lie,� as Jim Blackburn had said at trial. These facts
had been screaming at me since 1979: oHe did it.�
But how could he have? Jim Blackburn said at
trial, oIf we prove he did it, we donTt have to prove
heTs the kind of man who could have done it.� For
me it was different though; I could not fully
accept that he had, despite the evidence, until I

could begin to understand how he could have.
I guess by the spring, certainly by the summer

of 1980, I had done enough independent work to
convince myself that the facts presented at trial
had not led the jury to an erroneous conclusion,
but still there was the question, oHow could he
have? How could he have? How could he have
done this?� This was a struggle, an internal strug-
gle which I waged continuously for a period of
months, even years. A struggle, I suppose I could
say, between my head and my heart, as it were.
You know, I had to believe it, yet I couldn't. It
certainly did create, to put it mildly, a certain con-
fusion. But three years later, when the book was
published, I was asked, sometimes eight, some-
times ten times a day, oWhen did you first think he
did it? When did you first become convinced?� Of
course, I tended under those circumstances to
minimize this process or state of confusion. My
answers in those interviews were oversimplified. I

think there were two reasons for that. The first is
that on interviews, whether itTs broadcast or
print, the format is one in which answers, and I
learned this from watching Richard Nixon in
1968, answers had best be kept brief and focused
and unambiguous. Neither a ninety second televi-
sion spot or a 600 word newspaper story is a
proper or even a possible forum for the offering of
an answer which would encompass the multitude
of factors that went into my struggle to accept the
fact that McDonald had done this thing. So, to be
effective, as one must if one wants to sell books, as
one must if one wants to keep writing books, you
have to, in a sense, behave almost like a politician
to try to oversimplify to reach people. It is a
necessary part of communicating through the
media.

But the second answer is one that makes me
a little more uncomfortable, the second answer to
the question, oWhy did I make something so com-
plicated seem so simple?� In interviews there is a
tendency to want to appear a little smarter than
you really are. By the fall of 1983, when Fatal
Vision was published, the fact of McDonaldTs guilt
was so obvious, it seemed so obvious to me then,
so easily demonstrable, that it was embarrassing
to admit publicly that it had taken me as long as it
really did to come irrevocably and finally to that
conclusion. It was difficult for me to admit that he
had done such a good job of conning me. I was
angry that I had been so gullible, trusting, suppor-
tive, all those things, during the time I was with
him and during the six to nine months that fol-
lowed. He was writing me letters from jail and I
was writing him letters saying oGee, hang in there,
I hope things are going to be okay,� you know,
feeling some very genuine sympathy for this man
even while at the same time my head said, oMy
God, he must have done it.� Very difficult thing to

oDoTs and DonTtTs� Success Dressers at program sponsored by the Round Table on the Status of Women in Librarianship.

222"North Carolina Libraries

sustain, a hard way to live. I really felt later, I
really felt like a dope. I didnTt want to give McDon-
ald credit for anything at that point, least of all
for having conned me so successfully for as long
as he did. So, when asked the question, oWhen did
you first suspect or when were you first convinced
or when did you come to believe?� I would seek
the earliest moment at which the cumulative
power of facts assembled as evidence outweighed
the strength of my desire to believe him innocent,
so I would say, oBy the time the jury returned its
verdict.�

Within a week of arriving home
from the trial, I received my
first letter from McDonald
written eighteen hours after
his conviction, begging me for
support, begging me to believe
in him. It brought tears to my
eyes. I feel like a sap for
admitting that now. But itTs
true. I said ~Oh my God, he
couldnTt have done this.T

That was an accurate answer to the question
but not fully comprehensive, for doubts returned,
lingered and held sway for months afterward. I
didnTt want to sound like a gullible dope and it
was true that by the time the jury came in, IThad
been persuaded that he was guilty beyond a reas-
onable doubt, at least at that moment. But the
next day, I might not have been so sure. The situa-
tion for me was not static, I was not a juror, I had
not rendered my opinion, I could not now walk
away, I had to walk further in. Things were fluid,
changing. Within a week of arriving home from
the trial, I received my first letter from McDonald
written eighteen hours after his conviction, beg-
ging me for support, begging me to believe in him.
It brought tears to my eyes. I feel like a sap for
admitting that now. But itTs true. I said oOh my
God, he couldnTt have done this.� I had dinner a
couple of weeks later with the editor-in-chief of
Bell Publishing which was then my publisher,
showed him that letter and discussed some of the
facts and wound up saying, oI donTt know, I just
donTt know,� when he asked me. I wrestled with
this, as you can imagine, constantly, all day, every
day. It obsessed me, oDid he or didnTt he? How
could he have. He couldnTt have, but then if he

didnTt, where is the flaw in the evidence that
proved he did?�

I was in a position where I knew enough facts
from both sides so that by assembling a set of
pro-McDonald arguments or facts I could con-
vince anyone in fifteen minutes that he hadnTt
done it. Likewise, I could do the opposite, but
there I was in the middle, torn, turned upside
down and inside out trying to figure my way
through the most awful set of circumstances I'd
ever been confronted by. And all the while being
constantly beseeched by this terribly charming,
terribly persuasive man to believe in him. Well,
most of me didnTt, and couldn't, as a result of
what I had seen presented in court, but part of
me could and did, for months. How much, I donTt
know. I really donTt know. How do you measure
the degree of love and degree of hate in a love/-
hate relationship. This was not quite that intense,
but the nature of the ambivalence was the same.
Whichever conclusion I came to left me feeling
unsatisfied, still disturbed. Gradually, over the
next year, as his personal magnetism faded, and
hard new facts piled up along side of what I
already knew, I grew less ambivalent, but still I
could and did and had to for my own emotional
survival suspend my growing sense of awful cer-
tainty.

ItTs hard now, really, to convey how totally
consumed I was by what I had gotten involved in,
but I'll give you one brief story that might illus-
trate it. It was the winter of 1980, which was the
first winter after the trial. It was February, in fact,
around the middle of February. I was in bed, woke
up, middle of the night, didnTt know quite what
time it was, with a runny nose and I didnTt have
any Kleenex by the side of the bed, so I got up and
walked down the darkened hallway to my
bathroom and was fumbling around for the Klee-
nex and was standing at the bathroom sink, wip-
ing my nose on the back of my hand and IJ turned
on the light and then I saw that it wasnTt just a
runny nose, it was a bloody nose, and I was stand-
ing at the sink in my hall bathroom with blood all
over my hands. Then I realized it was February 17,
1980 and that it was 3:30 in the morning, which
was ten years to the minute from the time Jeffrey
McDonald, by whichever version of events you
believe, stood at his hall bathroom sink with blood
on his hands. Now, ITve never had a bloody nose
before that or after that. I donTt know what that
story means, but it scared the heck out of me.
Really, I did not go back to sleep that night.

That gives you, I think, I hope, some sense of
the intensity of my psychosomatic involvement.
Then for three years after that, almost every

1985 Winter"223

night, I would awaken within minutes of 3:00 in
the morning, almost every night wake up at 3:00
in the morning and lie there, imagining, thinking,
wondering, feeling, trying to come to some kind of
terms with what had gone on inside of that
apartment at that hour on that night. I very sel-
dom would get back to sleep before dawn. These
are things which at the time I could not talk about
to anybody but my wife, really. It was not a ques-
tion of saying, oOh well, I guess heTs guilty so prob-
ably I ought to let him know what I think� WeTre
talking about a psychological crisis here for me.

I wasnTt just passively locked into some
nightmare, which would have been bad enough, I
had to write a book, I had to do something about
all this. I had to deal with this question: oDid he or
didnTt he, how could he, how could he have?� I had
to deal with this every working hour which was
for the most part, those years, every waking hour.
It never went away. I wrote because I needed to
write, because I needed to find out what I thought
by reading what I had said. I could go for a week,
for a month with almost no ambivalence at all.
Finally, I'd say, oI've come to accept it; I can deal
with it now, terrible though it may be,� and then
like the change in the weather some new dust of
doubt would sweep over me. Really, it was like a
blue sky turning gray, it would just be something
over which I had no control. The thing is I just felt
so awful all this time. There was such pain, espe-
cially after meeting the Kassabs, after they
showed me ColetteTs letters and after they talked
about the kids in the feeling, grieving way that
McDonald himself could not begin to emulate. ITm
not hardened to human suffering. I could feel the
anguish on all sides. All I could fall back on was
that which I most strongly believe, that for a writ-
er, any experience can be validated in the writing.

So I persevered. I could not survive unless I
could lay this to rest, and the only way I could lay
it to rest was by writing about it. I had to under-
stand, I had to know, way down deep; way down
deep where it really matters, I had to know.
Finally, I got there but it was through the act of
writing, thatTs when I figured out what I thought.
By December of 1982, when I sent the completed
draft off to my publishers, even though there was
more cutting and rewriting and adding to be done
later, by December of T82, my creative work, my
quest for understanding was essentially complete,
which is not to say that it was entirely successful.
I donTt know if any of you saw the August 1985
issue of HarperTs Magazine where the philos-
opher David Kelley comments in a lengthy article
called oStalking the Criminal Mind,� an article
which is really based primarily on his reading of

224"North Carolina Libraries

Fatal Vision. Professor Kelley writes oIf the var-
ious explanations of the crime in Fatal Vision are
finally unsatisfying, the problem is not literary,
but metaphysical. We expect the relation between
cause and effect to be both necessary and intelligi-
ble. In the case of a human act physiology can give
us the first, and psychology the second, but we
cannot put the two together until we can under-
stand (and we do not) the causal intercourse
between mind and body, matter and spirit.� I
would submit that the causal intercourse between
what I felt about McDonald at any given moment
and my sequence of action from the time I met
him until the time I finished writing the book is
equally difficult to define, and likewise, I would
say, is essentially a problem of metaphysics. In
that same article, Professor Kelley discusses the
findings of Yochelson and Samenow in their book,
The Criminal Personality, regarding some as-
pects of a psychopath. The psychopathTs greatest
fear, Yochelson and Samenow found, was that of
the ozero state.� This sense of complete and pro-
found worthlessness was something all of their
patients had experienced and went to great
lengths to repress. They protected themselves
against it by a kind of grandiosity, a conception of
themselves as supermen, as effortless heroes, able
to achieve great ends by unconventional means.
Their chief method of sustaining this self image
was to exert control over others. By forcing others
to bend to his will, intimidating them, manipula-
ting them through lies and cons the psychopath
makes society affirm a view of his potency that he
cannot affirm by looking within.

Conversely, anything that suggests a lack of
control over the world threatens to bring on the
zero state. According to Samenow, oThe threat of
being less than top dog, the possibility that he
won't achieve unusual distinction, the chance
that things will not go as he wants, constitute a
major threat to the criminal, almost as though his
life were at stake. From his standpoint it is,
because the puncturing of his inflated self con-
cept is psychological homocide.� Professor Kelley
then writes, oAnyone trying to understand the
case of Jeffrey McDonald should find that a chill-
ing observation.� His reference, of course, is to
ColetteTs beginning to challenge McDonaldTs view
of himself as superman, and the consequences to
her of her insight. I think it also applies to McDon-
aldTs extraordinary rage against me which exists
today. What I have committed through the publi-
cation of Fatal Vision is in a sense psychological
homocide. ItTs not that I said he did it. Heck, the
jury said that, and heTs really not that mad at
them. ItTs that I showed up his inflated self con-

cept as a sham.

Well, I'd like to summarize where all this took
me and where it leads me in one or two cogent
statements, but I really donTt know that it can be
summarized. The whole process is so confusing, so
difficult. You know, authors shouldnTt stand up
here and cry about how hard it is to write a book.
You know that before you begin. There are lots of
other lines of work that are a lot harder, probably
even being a librarian. There are some days when
I think itTs easier to be a writer than a librarian.
But this particular book, unlike my book about
Alaska, unlike my book about Richard Nixon,
unlike any of my other books or any other writing
I've ever done, was just so terribly painful because
of the subject matter, because of this dreadful
nagging question of oHow could he have done
this? And if he did do this, how could it be that I
found this sort of man to be so attractive and so
pleasant, and so charming?� You know, if he did
this, and he did, then he is the personification of
almost absolute evil. To commit an action like
that, such a terrible, terrible crime and to go on
for ten years, for almost ten years, successfully
denying to others any involvement, this is evil. Yet,
at the same time, as I said, he was a very attrac-
tive, charming, personable man. It sort of scares
me when I ask myself how I can find something so
evil and to at the same time be so appealing. I
donTt know, I donTt know what that says about me
or what that says about any of the other people
who have been close to Jeffrey McDonald at any

time of his life.

Linda Fowler, School Media Programs Coordinator, Region 8
and Dr. James Benfield, Superintendent of Polk County
Schools and recipient of the NCASL School Administrator of
the Year Award.

It comes back to the question of how or when
I finally came to believe that he had done this
thing. I think that question is so inextricably
intertwined with the mysteries of the creative
process that it simply canTt be answered in one or
two sentences. It also seems to me that lying very
close to the heart of the question is the fact that
that belief, that this man with whom I had shared
so much had bludgeoned and stabbed his wife
and two little daughters, was so horrendous in
nature, and thus difficult to sustain that it was
obviously impossible for me to confront him, to
discuss this with him. I wouldnTt be talking, as I
say, to the real person, I wouldn't be talking to
that source of that raw fury that is responsible for
this, I would be talking only to that alluring,
charming, evasive, deceitful surface.

And so, it was a very private problem that I
wrestled with for those three years of writing the
book. I felt that I was wrestling with the demons
inside his soul at the same time that I was wrestl-
ing with the torment inside my own. And in the
end, as I finished the book, I found that however
imperfect my understanding of him may have
been and still is today imperfect, I had come to
accept that dreadful fact which I had fought so
hard to deny, that Jeffrey McDonald had killed his
wife and children. It goes back to what Flannery
O'Connor said, oI write because I donTt know what
I think until I read what I say.� Well, I have writ-
ten, I have read what ITve said, and I do know this
morning what I think. I think this entire affair is
the worst personal tragedy that I have ever
encountered and I continue to feel, every day,
some small trace of the immense and ongoing
pain endured for all these years by Freddie and
Mildred Kassab who had to face this awful truth
long before I even knew who they were. You know,
even though heTs been unsuccessful in his at-
tempts to have his conviction overturned and to
silence me through the threat and now the fact of
litigation, and to prevent my book from reaching
readers, to prevent NBC from broadcasting their
miniseries, McDonald has succeeded in one thing.
He has succeeded in focusing our attention upon
himself, rather than on his victims.

But now, this morning, as I close here, I
would like to call your attention once more, to the
words of Jim Blackburn, delivered in that elo-
quent and memorable summation to the jury
right here in Raleigh in 1979, when he said:
oLadies and gentlemen, if in the future after this
case is over you should think of it again, I ask you
to think of and to remember Colette, Kimberly
and Kristen. They have been dead now for almost
ten years. That is right now around 3,500 days

1985 Winter"225

and nights that you have had and I have had and
the defendant has had that they havenTt. They
would have liked to have had those. And, so if in
the future, you should say a prayer, say one for
them. If in the future you should light a candle,
light one for them. And, if in the future, you
should cry a tear, cry one for them.�

And now, as I close, I'd like to ask now fifteen
years and more than 5,000 days and nights since
their deaths, that you join me for just a moment
in thinking, remembering, briefly, that brave
young woman and those two little girls. I would
ask you to contemplate, here at the close, for just
a few seconds, those words that Mildred Kassab,
ColetteTs mother and the grandmother of Kim-
berly and Kristen wrote in her diary in 1971 after
coming back from putting fresh flowers on their
graves: oOh the beauties of the world that they
would never see, and the music that they would
never hear.� For just a moment, let us remember
them and their short lives and their tragic and
violent deaths.

Thank you.

IN N.C., ONE OUT OF FOUR (24.4%) CITIZENS OVER
25 YEARS OLD HAS LESS THAN AN EIGHTH - GRADE
EDUCATION. WITHOUT BASIC LITERACY SKILLS,
THEY CANNOT MAKE A SHOPPING LIST, READ A
NEWSPAPER, OR BALANCE A CHECK BOOK.

National
Library
Week

April 6-12,
1986

Theme:
oGet a head
start at
the library�

The attention-grabbing display of the Public Library Section Literacy Committee.

226"North Carolina Libraries

M. E. Kerr
Addresses NCASL

North Carolina Association of School LibrariansT program
speaker was M. E. Kerr, noted childrenTs/young adult author.
Unfortunately, because of copyright considerations, we are
unable to print her entertaining address. We are including, how-

ever, NCASL President Helen TugwellTs introduction to Ms. Kerr
so that you might become more familiar with this popular

author's life and work.

M. E. Kerr says that she was very much
formed by books when she was young. Author of
many award-winning young adult novels, she says
oT was a bookworm and a poetry lover. I think of
myself, and what I would have liked to have found
in books those many years ago. I remember being
depressed by all the neatly tied-up, happy-ending
stories, the abundance of winners, the themes of
winning, solving, finding"when around me it
didnTt seem that easy. So I write with a different
feeling when I write for young adults. I guess |
write for myself at that age.�

The pen name M. E. Kerr is from her real last

name Meaker"Marijane Meaker. She was born in
Auburn, New York, attended the University of
Missouri and went to New York City after gradua-
tion with great plans to be in advertising or pub-
lishing. While working in various boring jobs, she
wrote. Her fatherTs advice was oDonTt write poetry
and donTt marry a poet.� Her first story, published

under the name Vin Packer, was sold to Ladies
Home Journal in 1951.

Twenty years later, M. E. Kerr wrote her first
book for young adults, Dinky Hocker Shoots
Smack! It was named a Notable ChildrenTs Book of
1972 by the American Library Association, a Best
ChildrenTs Book of the Year by School Library
Journal, and later adapted into an ABC-TV
oAfterschool Special.�

Ms. Kerr now lives in East Hampton on Long
Island, New York. She has written adult mysteries
under the name Vin Packer; as M. J. Meaker she
has written other books for adults. She finds that
there is an important distinction between writing
for adults, whose values are already formed, and
for young adults, who are concerned with the ba-
sics of making and losing friends and wondering
what to do with their lives. And, she states, oMy
~jobT as a writer of books for young people is to
entertain them, hope they will want to come back
for more.�

""__"" ~ a

CHILDREN and LIBRARIES

An Investment in Our Future

ChildrenTs
Services
Section NCLA

Is currently selling notepads for $1.00.
Proceeds will go to pay program
expenses for the Oct. 85 NCLA

Conference.

The pads are 8% by 5%, have 50 pages
each, and are available in blue, gold,
and pink.

Order from: Rebecca Taylor

New Hanover Co. Public Library
201 Chestnut St.
Wilmington, NC 28401

$1.00 each + 50¢ postage & handling

1985 Winter"227

Name Authority Co-op (NACO) Project

Judith G. Fenly

The name of our project, Name Authority Co-
op (NACO), is something of a misnomer. The
NACO project encompasses not only the agree-
ments that the Library of Congress has with insti-
tutions for name authority records, but also the
agreements with other institutions that contri-
bute bibliographic records and series authority
records to the LC database.

In describing the NACO project, I will cover
name cooperation, bibliographic cooperation, and
how NACO will use the Linked Systems Project
(LSP) for the name authority agreements.

NACO

The goal of NACO is to produce a nationwide
authority file which will support bibliographic
cooperation with records which meet LC stan-
dards for quality. The first agreement was with
the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) Li-
brary and dates to 1977.

In the mid-1970Ts LC was approached by a
staff member from the Joint Committee on Print-
ing of the U.S. Congress and asked to begin using

Judith G. Fenly is the Assistant Coordinator of Cooperative
Cataloging Projects at the Library of Congress. Her talk at
NCLA was sponsored by the Resources and Technical Ser-
vices Section.

228"North Carolina Libraries

GPO cataloging records (which are prepared for
the Monthly Catalog) in lieu of creating its own
cataloging records for U.S. Federal document
monographs. The LC response was that the idea
would provide significant savings to taxpayers
only if GPO also used and contributed to LCTs
authority file. This condition would permit LC to
accept GPO descriptive cataloging without costly
adjustments to the headings in the access points.
The parties concurred that this was a cost benefi-
cial approach and NACO was born.

Since that time thirty-six more libraries have
joined NACO. These libraries send representatives
to LC for two weeks of training in LC practices
and procedures regarding authority work. The
libraries also agree to follow all LC rule interpre-
tations and LC internal procedures in the prepa-
ration of the LC workform on which is recorded
the data to be included in the machine-readable
record.

In the early months of a library's NACO rela-
tionship, NACO reviews all records submitted. At
a certain point, a formal documented review of a
libraryTs records takes place and an accuracy rate
is determined. If that rate meets the LC standard,
a library will be granted oindependent status�, i.e.,
NACO will no longer review all records. A sam-
pling of a library's contribution will be made on a
predetermined periodic basis to determine con-
tinued adherence to the standard.

During the life of an agreement NACO pro-
vides LCTs rule interpretations and internal
procedures to a participating library via first class
mail. Postage-paid mailing labels are also pro-
vided. And as part of the continual training proc-
ess, NACO gives comment on individual records
to each library.

There are problems, however, with maintain-
ing a high-volume manual operation. It takes a
long time for a record to get into the database
when it must travel through U.S. Mail and then be
re-keyed at LC. There is duplication of effort
represented by the re-keying process. There are
additional problems in terms of the timeliness
and completeness of the copies of the database
that LC sells. Whether these copies go out on
MARC tape distribution or as microfiche copies of

the file, there are certain categories of authority
records that are not included. One example of
these records is the Early Notice Record (ENR).
When an LC cataloger identifies a heading for
addition to the authority file a workform is pre-
pared. That workform has a carbon tear-off. This
tear-off contains only the heading (1XX) and first
sources found citation (670). The tear-off is
removed and the information from it is keyed into
the database. The resulting record is the Early
Notice Record. When the full workform is ap-
proved it will be used to complete the ENR. This
can take several weeks. The record is finally dis-
tributed on MARC tapes and microfiche. Ob-
viously, there can be a significant time lag
between the time a heading is identified and the
time it is available for searching in copies of the
LC database.

The goal of NACO is to pro-
duce a~ nationwide authority
file.

aD

Later on I will describe how we expect to
resolve some of these problems using the technol-
ogy of the Linked Systems Project. In spite of
problems, NACO libraries have made a significant
contribution to the nationwide authority file"
nearly 165,000 records or 10 percent of the entire
authorities database. Last year alone, the libraries
contributed nearly 51,000 records.

Bibliographic Projects

As I said earlier, the primary reason for
cooperating in authority database-building is to
support the sharing of bibliographic records and
to eliminate the costly adjustments to headings in
the access points on those records. Those libraries
contributing bibliographic records to LC also pro-
vide the supporting name and series authority
records. In these projects, NACO conducts quality
control in much the same way as for the authori-
ties projects.

Two of our bibliographic agreements are
conducted with other U.S. Federal agencies. The
first was established with the U.S. Government
Printing Office (GPO) Library. This agreement
took effect simultaneously with implementation
of AACR 2 at LC in January 1981.

GPO inputs all of its cataloging data to OCLC.
When LC identifies a U.S. Federal document
monograph for which it wants full cataloging (so
that the item can be added to the general collec-

tions), the item is sent to NACO. NACO prints out
the GPO cataloging record from OCLC. Because
the interagency agreement does not cover subject
cataloging, LC adds the LC subject headings and
LC classification numbers to the GPO cataloging
records. The LC-enhanced GPO record is then
keyed into the LC cataloging database with the
following legend in the 040$a: DGPO/DLC. The
record is distributed via the MARC Distribution
Service and, when it is loaded at OCLC, bumps the
original GPO record. LC is using about twenty-five
hundred GPO records for copy cataloging every
year.

The Library of Congress also has an agree-
ment with the National Library of Medicine
(NLM) for descriptive cataloging data for medical
CIP titles. Beginning in March 1984, the Catalog-
ing in Publication (CIP) Division began sending
pre-publication medical title galleys to NLM. NLM
staff complete the LC CIP workform (including
MESH headings and NLM class numbers) and
supporting workforms for authority records and
return them to LC via NACO. LC adds the LC class-
ification number and LC subject headings. The
records are then keyed into the LC cataloging
database and distributed via the MARC Distribu-
tion Service. When the published book repre-
sented by NLM CIP cataloging is received at LC,
LC staff complete the cataloging record, which is
then redistributed. Because of the combination of
effort between the two agencies in producing the
record the 040$a reads DNLM/DLC. NLM is cata-
loging around three thousand titles per year
under this agreement.

In addition to the GPO and NLM projects,
which are carried out manually, there are agree-
ments with two institutions which input and
update records online to LCTs computer catalog
from remote terminals. These agreements include
both descriptive and subject cataloging. Both
were planned simultaneously and implemented in
the spring of 1983.

Harvard University Library is inputting origi-
nal cataloging and supporting authority records.
Harvard also upgrades LC in-process cataloging
records to full records. This upgrading process
generally begins with a reader request at Harvard
and ends in a bibliographic record ready for dis-
tribution. With both the original cataloging and
the upgrading activities, LC uses Harvard records
for copy cataloging. When an already-acquired or
newly-acquired title is represented by a Harvard
cataloging record in the LC cataloging database,
the data and record are matched and are sent
directly to the Shelflisting Section where (among
other activities) cuttering is verified and the oNot

1985 Winter"229

oWhat a difference |
Circulation Plus has made

in our library! es Kay Fireman

Milpitas H.S., Librarian

Ps what Kay Fireman, a librarian
from Milpitas, California, told the

New Follett Software Company as she
began her second year of using Circulation
Plus.

Frankly, weTre not surprised that Kay
loves our fully automated hard disk cir-
culation system. Letters from all over the
United States attest to the fact that Cir-
culation Plus is a real success among
librarians.

Chances are youTve already heard from
your colleagues about Circulation Plus.
But, just in case you havenTt, here are a
few facts: Circulation Plus is a complete
hard disk circulation system using barcode
technology. It runs on the Apple II, the
IBM PC and the Tandy 1200 and can han-
dle a library with up to 65000 books and
rence 15000 patrons.

Best of all, Circulation Plus is fully ex-
pandable in the future. Soon Kay and
other librarians will be able to use Circula-
tion Plus to do textbook inventory,
download MARC records, move to a full
public access cataloguing record and use
laser disc technology. And that is just the
beginning!

Librarians will continue to receive fast,
reliable service and help from our

dedicated support staff.
Interested in FollettTs vision of the

future? We would like to send you a
FREE demo disk that contains virtually all
of the functions of Circulation Plus. Test
the features and see how they meet the
needs of your library. All you need do is
call our toll-free number (800) 435-6170 to-
day. While you are calling, ask for our
latest library software catalog. It is full of
excellent software programs to help
librarians in the information age.

Kay is right. Circulation Plus does make
a dramatic difference in todayTs library.

: : =
a " rotierr

We would like to
SOFTWARE

for
r ae aitte
: \

send you a FREE AAR
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=

ions of aft ey,
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Call our toll-free 4506 Northwest Highway
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230"North Carolina Libraries

in LC Collection� legend is removed from the
record. The importance of this is that there needs
to be no LC cataloger intervention in the copy
cataloging process. Harvard is producing about
fifteen hundred full cataloging records per year
which bear their own NUC symbol (MH) in the
040$a.

The University of Chicago Library is also
inputting bibliographic and authority records
online. Their NACO cataloging universe repre-
sents the merger of the John Crerar Library with
the UniversityTs science collection. The first phase
of the LC-Chicago agreement was the retrospec-
tive conversion (RECON) of LC non-MARC cata-
loging records which represented titles in the
merged collection. As part of the agreement, Chi-
cago upgrades all access points in these records
(including series) to AACR 2. This project en-
hances the LC cataloging database coverage of its
own science collection. The second phase of the
agreement is for the original cataloging of rare
books. LC uses these latter records in the same
way that we use Harvard records because the
Chicago agreement also includes subject catalog-
ing. Chicago is producing about eight thousand
bibliographic records per year. Their RECON
records bear the legend, DLC/ICU, in the 040$a,
and the original records show their NUC symbol
(ICU) in the $a.

At this time, a fifth bibliographic agreement is
in the planning stages with the University of Illi-
nois, Urbana-Champaign. Under this agreement
Illinois will provide bibliographic data on work-
forms to LC for a defined set of Soviet Russian
publishers. Illinois will input the data to OCLC,
then mail the workform to LC where it will be
matched with LCTs copy of the book. Illinois will be
providing LC subject headings, but because Ili-
nois uses Dewey, LC will add the LC class number
to the workform. LC will then input the record to
our cataloging database. When it is distributed on
MARC to OCLC the LC-enhanced version of the
record will bump the original. This project is
scheduled to commence with the receipt of titles
with 1986 imprints and is expected to produce
about twelve hundred bibliographic records per
year.

Linked Systems Project

The Linked Systems Project (LSP) is the proj-
ect to which I referred earlier as a vehicle for
resolving some of the problems of timely access to
a current copy of the nationwide authority file
located at LC. LSP began with funding from the
Council on Library Resources. There are now four

participants: Research Libraries Group (RLG),
Western Library Network (WLN), OCLC, and LC.
LSP is constituted of a set of computer-to-
computer links permitting electronic transfer of
records. It has two components: the Standard
Network Interconnection (SNI) and the Authori-
ties Implementation (AI). SNI comprises the
computer protocols designed to support LSP.
Authorities Implementation (AI) is the first
application of LSP and is the facility which will be
used to directly support NACO operations. The
purpose of AI is to maintain a consistent data-
base of name authority headings replicated in

several locations.
There are two features of AI which I will de-

scribe here. One is Record Transfer and the other
is Intersystem Search and Response. Throughout
the explanation of Record Transfer it should be
borne in mind that (1) the Master File resides at
LC with copies of it at each of the utilities; (2) any
record being added to the Master File must pass
LC computer validation prior to being added; and
(3) no record will be distributed until it is
approved for addition to the Master File.

Record Transfer is characterized by queues of
records and by the fact that records are not sent
from one location to another, but are requested
and pulled by the receiving computer, The queues,
which are sequential holding files of records, are
distribution, which resides at LC; contribution,
which resides at each of the utilities; and
response, which resides at LC.

In spite of problems, NACO
libraries have made a signifi-
cant contribution to the nation-
wide authority file.

When a NACO library wishes to add a record
to the nationwide authority file (i.e., Master File),
the library will key the record into the database of
the utility to which the library belongs. The record
must pass any existing utility computer edits. The
library will indicate that the record is for contri-
bution and it will be placed in the contribution
queue. LC will initiate a connection and poll the
contribution queues at each utility daily. If there
are records in a queue, LC will pull them across
the link and attempt to load the records into the
Master File. For each record coming across the
link, a response record will be created indicating
whether or not the records passed LC computer

1985 Winter"231

validation for addition to the Master File. The pos-
itive response indicates only the pass, while the
negative response provides the reason for failure.
Response records go into a queue and every day
each utility initiates a connection to LCTs compu-
ter and pulls its own response records.

Simultaneously with passing LC computer
validation and subsequent addition to the Master
File, all records (LC-generated records included)
are added to the the distribution queue. Every
day each utility initiates a connection to the LC
computer and pulls all records added to the dis-
tribution queue that day across the link and loads
the records into their own computer.

When a library wishes to modify an authority
record already residing on the Master File, essen-
tially the same steps will be followed as for adding
a new record. There are some restrictions, how-
ever. If a record is to be deleted, the library must
request LC to make the deletion. If a 1XX is to be
modified, prior permission from LC is needed.

To recapitulate the three queues in Record
Transfer: contribution permits addition of and
modifications to records in the Master File at LC
from other locations; response permits LC not
only to notify utilities of acceptance or rejection
of records, but also the reasons for rejection; and
distribution permits timely (within 24-48 hours)
replication of the Master File in other locations
and replaces tape distribution.

The second feature of AI is Intersystem
Search and Response. This capability will permit,
for example, a NACO library to query the authori-
ties database at another LSP site using local util-
ity terminals and search language. LSP will
translate the search into the language of the
target system and will retrieve records and
transmit them in the USMARC Communications
Format and then display them for the searcher in
his/her local utility display format. This capability
will be used by members of one utility to search
non-NACO authority files on another utility. It
will also be used by NACO to assist in quality con-
trol of the database and in answering participant
queries.

Clearly, LSP will have a dramatic impact on
NACO and its member institutions. The Early
Notice Records that I described above have been
approved for distribution across LSP (although
not for tape distribution). There are other cate-
gories of records approved for LSP distribution.
The constant distribution to and synchronization
of the Master File copies located at the utilities
will provide current access which can be defined
in terms of hours, not weeks. That access will be

232"North Carolina Libraries

available to all members of the utilities eventually,
not just NACO members.

Internally, NACO will no longer have to deal
with large volumes of U.S. Mail, and LC will no
longer have to key records from the NACO librar-
ies. Of course, quality control of the NACO contri-
butions to the Master File will continue along the
same lines as for manual contributions to the file.

The LSP member utilities are at various
stages in the planning/testing/implementation
cycle. RLG is already pulling and loading records
from the distribution queue. The RLG library to
begin contribution first will be Yale University
Library. Contribution is scheduled for winter.
OCLC is testing at the application level and
expects to have its system ready for contribution
and distribution this winter. The OCLC library to
begin contribution first will be Indiana University
Library. WLN is planning to implement all of the
components of AI simultaneously. Implementa-
tion is scheduled for next summer.

Conclusion

For many reasons I look forward to the
NACO-wide implementation of LSP and the elec-
tronic transfer of records to the nationwide
authority file. It will make the file available on a
timely basis to a large clientele. That timeliness
will reduce further the duplication of effort
among libraries and will promote the standardi-
zation of headings used in access points on biblio-
graphic records. The latter will open the door for
more bibliographic cooperation for more institu-
tions. Further, efficiencies realized throughout
the library community will free resources for the
enlargement of the cooperative database building
effort.

North Carolina State Library
NACO Project

Jan Sheppard

I'd like to begin by telling you a little about the
history of the Special Cataloging Branch of the
North Carolina State Library and how it relates to
the NACO project. In 1980, the Services to State
Agencies Branch began redefining its objectives.
Prior to that time cataloging service was provided
to state agencies only, then the powers that be
decided to cut back on that service and consider
the possibility of cataloging the State Library
documents collection on OCLC. At the same time,
the Library had applied to become a NACO libra-
ry"to be the authority on names of North Caro-
lina agencies. In anticipation of both of these new
projects, we purchased the NC portion of the LC
name authority card file (which included names
prior to the Executive reorganization of 1971)
and embarked upon a federally funded Name His-
tory project, which researched and recorded in
card form the names of North Carolina agencies,
concentrating on new names after the 1971 reor-

ganization.

Jan Sheppard works in the Technical Services Department,
Division of State Library. Her talk was a featured part of the
session on the Name Authority Cooperative Project sponsored
by the Resources and Technical Services Section of NCLA.

If you'll remember, 1981 was a big year for
catalogers because of the implementation of
AACR2. It was also a big year within our branch.
For starters, we changed our name to the Special
Cataloging Branch. During that year, the Name
History Project was completed, and the docu-
ments class scheme revision, which progressed in
conjunction with the Name History Project, was
well on its way to being completed. Also, we were
accepted as a NACO library. Cindy Ansell, who
was the documents cataloger at the time, went to
Washington for NACO training in March, 1982.

Her training was extensive. She spent two
weeks at the Library of Congress working with the
NACO personnel to learn how LC establishes
headings. After she returned, a NACO contact
person called weekly to discuss headings that she
had sent in and discuss any problems that she
might be having with headings, rule interpreta-
tions, the forms, and so on. Cindy left the State
Library soon after she went for the training and I
moved into the documents cataloging position.

Not only does NACO give extensive training,
they monitor your work very carefully. For the

first year, every heading that we sent in was

checked. Again, we received calls weekly from a
contact person. If they changed a heading, they
always backed it up with one or more rule inter-
pretations"so if you wanted to argue you needed
to be prepared to justify your argument with rule
interpretations and title pages from books. LC will
change a heading, by the way,"it takes a real long
time and a lot of convincing, but they will admit
they're wrong and they will change the heading if
you prove your case. About six months after I
started working with NACO, I began to work
toward what they call oindependent status.� That
means that instead of checking every heading
that I send, LC will pull about sixteen of them at
random on a monthly basis for quality review.
They graph your errors and, if you fall below a
certain level, they will begin reviewing everything
again, or ask that you come back for a little more
training"whatever is necessary to get you back in
line. I gained independent status in March 1983"
one year after our project began.

1985 Winter"233

I'm afraid I donTt have any cost figures on
NACO. The biggest expense is for my time. Other-
wise, I make a few long distance telephone calls
and, after the first of the year, we'll be charged for
OCLC searches. NACO work is just part of my
regular cataloging workflow. While cataloging, I
check the heading against LCTs authority file on
OCLC. If the heading is not there, I check to see if
there is a bibliographic record that uses the par-
ticular heading so I can try and get additional
information to put on my NACO form. In case of
questions or conflicts, I call the person or the
agency involved. The amount of time that it takes
to establish a heading depends on the heading
(how complicated it is to search it in OCLC, on
OCLC response time, on whether or not I can type
well that day ... ). When we first began the proj-
ect, we established more corporate bodies; at this
point, I am establishing more personal names.
Also, the number of headings I establish is
decreasing. I have found that the same agencies
and the same people keep publishing, so more of
the names I use are on line now. This should
change if the state depository law is passed,
because more agencies will be sending material.

There are a lot of benefits to working with LC.
Margaretta Yarborough jokes about my odirect
link to God.� ItTs true. I can just pick up the phone
if I have a question. I get the rule interpretations
as they are published instead of waiting for the
Cataloging Service Bulletin. Also, the rule inter-
pretations are loose-leaf, so they are kept in

numerical order, therefore theyre easier to use. I
do share my oexpertise� with other librarians in
the state. Many times I forward questions to
NACO. They'll help with subject and series ques-
tions too"well, they'll forward the question to the
specialists to get an answer.

As I said, we started cataloging state docu-
ments after AACR2 had been implemented.
Moreover, except for some serials, I only catalog
items published from 1981 on. The nicest thing is
that we closed the old documents catalog and
started fresh with everything AACR2. Because of
all this, I have not had to face a lot of the prob-
lems that you must deal with every day due to
changes in LCTs rules. The project was still new
when we went for the NACO training, so we just
changed our policies to meet LCTs requirements.

When April called last month, she asked me
to tell you what I did with regard to NACO. I
simply establish the name in AACR2 form. ITm
sure my procedures are not different from what
you do in your library to determine the AACR2
form of name. I may do a little more work because
I have to make the name unique, but there again, I
may do less because I donTt have all the other
problems with name conflicts in my _ public
catalog. Because of NACO, it takes more time to
catalog a book, thus it costs more. But we get a lot
in return"current LC rule interpretations, LC
policy manuals, and, best of all, personal contact
with someone at the Library of Congress on a reg-
ular basis.

Governor and Mrs. Martin with President Leland Park.

234"North Carolina Libraries

NCLA Conference:
Reports of Meetings

Panel Discussion oWind, Rain, Fire: Surviving
Disaster�

About sixty people heard practical tips as
well as general information on what to do when
wind, fire or water causes damage at a library.
Moderated by Janet Plummer, Forsyth County
Schools, the program was designed to give librar-
ians up-to-date information of an immediate and
practical nature.

Beth Mullaney, formerly of Davis Library,
UNC-CH, spoke on what can be done when smoke,
fire and water damage to print materials is first
discovered and also what steps need to be taken
later after the immediate emergency is over. She,
like the following two speakers, emphasized that
one needs to stop and think before reacting to the
disaster. oPreparation can make disasters man-
ageable.�

Dr. Hugh Hagaman, Director of Learning Re-
sources, UNC-G, gave detailed information on
what to do when different types of audiovisual
equipment and materials suffer from various
types of damage. He emphasized that in some
areas, such as computer disks and films, little
research has been done or at least written up in
the professional literature. Hagaman pointed out
that, the same as when using disinfectants on
paper products damaged by water, one must rely
upon a professional to repair major water dam-
age done to audiovisual materials.

Willie Nelms, Director of Sheppard Memorial
Library in Greenville, spoke about what happened
when heavy rains poured in through an unfin-
ished roof in March 1984. He stressed that taking
time to think about priorities and picking the
right persons to direct different operations are
very important in reacting sensibly to disasters.
He had already read NCLATs Disaster Prepared-
ness: A Guide and knew the procedures to follow
and what outside help to call. Nelms pointed out
that almost everyone will at one time or another
have to face some type of disaster, perhaps in an
emergency setting, in which case clear command
decisions and directions are necessary. One must
not panic but instead assess the situation and
then take whatever steps are necessary.

A particular concern which surfaced during
the question and answer period was convincing
higher administrators of the persistent if some-
times undramatic damage done by mold. One
suggestion from the floor was that NCLA adopt a
resolution concerning damages that result from

the lack of environmental controls in libraries.
Patrick Valentine

Clay Animated Films: John Lemmon

Clay animation is becoming one of the most
popular animation media in filmmaking. Some of
the most popular childrenTs films used in library
programming are clay animated. The Will Vinton
StudioTs Rip Van Winkle, Martin the Cobbler, and
The Creation are just some examples. There are
even shorts oriented to adult tastes, such as Will
VintonTs Closed Mondays and Jimmy PickensT
Jimmy the C that have been produced in clay.

Charlotte filmmaker, John Lemmon, is active
in clay animated films. His work has received its
biggest audience in the form of the animated
oFood Lion� commercial seen on television. John
has completed a short subject film for children
titled The Trontium Tusk. Several North Carolina
libraries have this film in their collections.

The Audio-Visual Committee of the Public
Library section decided to take advantage of Mr.
LemmonTs availability for a program at the NCLA
Conference in Raleigh. Librarians who program
clay animated films could learn the art of clay
animation, which, as we learned, is a painstaking
process.

Mr. Lemmon demonstrated, by film and
slides, how the models are fashioned into figures,
how sets are made, and how depth perception on
the sets is achieved. The process for creating
movements of the figures is a fascinating process.
Mr. LemmonTs attention to detail is so complete
that it took thirty minutes of production time to
get a figure to blink an eye. Such movement is
barely noticeable in the finished product and took
less than a second of the film. Mr. Lemmon
explained that a thirty second film of a oFood
Lion� commercial takes about six weeks of hard
work.

1985 Winter"235

Mr. Lemmon answered questions from the
audience. About thirty-five people attended this
session. The Audio-Visual Committee considered
the program a success.

Art Weeks

The Freedom to Read Push

The Intellectual Freedom Committee was
highly visible at the Biennial Conference in
Raleigh as they attempted to contact every
member attending. They had a distribution table
in the lobby of the Civic Center which provided
copies of the Library Bill of Rights and all its
interpretations for all participants. They encour-
aged people to frame the Library Bill of Rights
and the Statement on Professional Ethics which
were printed on high quality paper. A member of
the Committee was at the table throughout the
conference to answer questions concerning intel-
lectual freedom and to give advice concerning
censorship attempts and selection policy rewrites.

They also had continual video showings dur-
ing the conference with the viewing room running
over with people on most viewings. Many persons
requested information on how they could obtain
copies of the videos for use in their communities.
oCensorship or Selection: Choosing Books for Pub-
lic Schools� is distributed by the Office for Intel-
lectual Freedom, American Library Association,

50 East Huron Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611 for
$150. The discussion guide is $5. PEN American
Center, 47 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York
10003 is the source for oAn Evening of Forbidden
Books� for $75. oLife and Liberty� featuring Burt
Lancaster was from People for the American Way,
Suite 270 Gingko Square, 302 Jefferson Street,
Raleigh, NC 27605.

SIRS, Inc. provided the Committee with a
luncheon on Friday with special guests James B.
Hunt, Jr., George Miller, Associate Superintendent
Elsie Brumback, President Park and President-
Elect Myrick. Elliot and Eleanor Goldstein of SIRS
and Representative Miller were honored at the
general session following with NCLA Honorary
Memberships due to their support of intellectual
freedom.

Gene Lanier

Cataloging Problems Solved

The RTSS Cataloging Interest Group program
during the NCLA Biennial conference was at-
tended by 95 conference participants. oCataloging
Problems and Solutions� included discussions on
audiovisual materials, led by Catherine Leonardi
and Nancy Austin; serials, led by Rex Bross; and
books, led by April Wreath, Deborah Babel, Bar-
bara Cassell, and Walter High. Catalogers who

attended the program expressed strong interest

"A JURY OF OE

Orientation "

ee
s

Cumberland County Public Library and Information CenterTs poster session featured Ricki Brown expounding on performance

appraisal of supervisors by supervisees.

236"North Carolina Libraries

in having future programs similar to the one at
NCLA.

Elizabeth Smith

RTSS Discusses Vendor Services

The joint program of the RTSS Collection
Development and Serials Interest Groups entitled
oUtilizing Vendor Services In Collection Develop-
ment� was held Friday morning, October 4th from
9 to 11 a.m. During the two concurrent sessions
and the final joint session, over 180 people
attended the program.

The program covered three separate topics:
oUtilizing Vendor Services in the School Library
Environment�; oUtilizing Vendor Services In The
Public Library Environment�, and oUtilizing Ven-
dor Services in the Academic Library Environ-
ment�, An impressive array of organizations were
featured during the program. Speakers included
representatives from Faxon, EBSCO, Brodart,
Bound-To-Stay-Bound, Ingram, Baker & Taylor,
Yankee Book Peddler, and Blackwell North Amer-
ican. The speakers each spent approximately 15
minutes discussing the various services, pro-
grams, and special features they have to assist
libraries in building collections.

Some of the highlights included: Mr. Bob
MallTs discussion of BrodartTs Elementary School
Library Collection: A Guide to Books and Other

Media; Larry PriceTs comments concerning
IngramTs new laser technology and Douglas
DuchinTs explanation of Yankee Book PeddlerTs
specialized blanket order plans.

At the end of all the sessions, the panelists
answered an entire range of questions concerning
both specific vendor services as well as general
issues facing libraries and vendors today.

Harry Tuchmayer

Trustees Section Focuses on Literacy

The Trustee Section presented a panel on
literacy on Thursday, October 3, at the NCLA
Biennial Conference. Panelists included Anne
Tindall, president of the North Carolina Literacy
Association; Barbara Bail, Hoke Reading and
Literacy Council; Catherine (Kitty) Smith, Adult
and General Consultant, Division of State Library;
and Katherine Y. Armitage, director of the Hay-
wood County Public Library. The Trustees also
enjoyed a successful luncheon with the Honorable
Patric G. Dorsey, Secretary of the North Carolina
Department of Cultural Resources, as guest
speaker. Officers for the next biennium elected at
the luncheon were Irene Hairston, vice-chair-
man/chairman-elect; Dorothy Brower, Cumber-
land County Public Library board, secretary;
Barbara Page, Hyconeechee Regional Library
board and John Wooten, Wayne County Public

|
|
|
gilt

At this poster session, Cindy Jones sold merchandising the Forsyth County Public Library way.

1985 Winter"237

Library board, directors. In-coming chairman of

the Trustees Section is Jake Killian.
J. A. Killian

Documents Section Meets

The speaker for the Documents Section meet-
ing on Oct. 3 was Jim Bryan, a research analyst
with the North Carolina Center for Public Policy
Research. He is a 1981 graduate of the University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, with a B.A.
degree in American Studies.

Mr. Bryan gave a brief background on the
Center. It is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization
that studies state government and monitors legis-
lation. It has a staff of ten that is divided into two
sections, magazine and research.

His topic was oHow to Affect Public Policy,�
and his comments included tips on having input
on public policy:

1. Tactfulness"DonTt threaten elected officials; it will
make them do the opposite of what you want.

2. Specifics"Be as specific as you can in dealing with offi-
cials; also be sure to communicate the specifics such as how
much money and what for.

3. Point of input"Work at the committee level; start early
to get involved with the correct level. (Know who is on the Cul-
tural Resources and Appropriations Committees"cultivate,
them and present specifics to them.)

4, oSeeing is believingT"Take decision makers to see the
problem.

5. Writing"Put position in writing; limit to one page; in
paragraph one, tell what you want the official to do; donTt use
jargon/buzz words; write simply.

6. Fact sheets"Do homework on facts, issues and people
involved; donTt hide facts"they will see the holes; develop trust;
present facts fairly; be concise and complete.

7. Members"Use members in oneTs group; numbers are
impressive and show strength; have as many people call or write
decision makers as possible; donTt contact just one person on a
committee"contact all; also check with opponents and let them
know your position"they may not understand your position.

This publication
is available

in microform
from University
Microfilms

International.

Call toll-free 800-521-3044. In Michigan,

Alaska and Hawaii call collect 313-761-4700. Or
mail inquiry to: University Microfilms International,
300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.

238"North Carolina Libraries

8. Other groups"Get other groups with similar concerns
to also contact decision makers and to endorse your resolution.

9. Personal visits"North CarolinaTs government is open, so
go to see decision makers and ask them pointblank but diplo-
matically if they support your position.

10. Opposition"Call them and also meet with them; try to
work for compromise; even if they donTt compromise, you will
understand their position and can argue effectively against it.

11. Study commissions"If proposal is about to die and
there is an option for a study commission, take it; however, this
usually means the ograveyard.�

12. Thanking somebody"When you get help and get what
you want, then thank everyone involved, either verbally or in a
letter.

Mr. Bryan then answered questions from the
audience. Some additional suggestions that he
made were:

Do not lobby on work time; try to get friends to help lobby.

A proposal can be initiated either outside or within state
government"it is done both ways.

Get as many people both outside and within state govern-
ment to promise support beforehand.

When things get moving, call every day to clerks to check
floor calendars; call secretaries of committee chairmen very
early in the morning to find out the agenda"it is very important
to be at committee meetings and be prepared to comment. A
lobbyist can be hired to do this if you have the funds. If you canTt

have volunteers or lobbyists attend meetings, then it is impor-
tant to cultivate friendships with staff and legislators who will
attend (make sure they do appear at the meetings). You must

stay on top of everything. Cheryl McLean

FOREIGN BOOKS
and PERIODICALS

CURRENT OR OUT-OF-PRINT

SPECIALTIES:
Search Service
Irregular Serials
International Congresses
Building Special Collections

ALBERT J. PHIEBIG INC.
Box 352, White Plains, N..Y. 10602

NCLA Minutes

count PUBLC LERARY f

Laura Davidson told conference-goers about the success of Rockingham County Public LibraryTs literacy project at this poster

session.

g NCLA President Leland Park and incoming President Pauline Myrick beam at close of what many termed the most

Outgoin
successful conference ever.

1985 Winter"239

New North Carolina Books

Alice R. Cotten, Compiler

William D. Snider. Helms and Hunt: The North
Carolina Senate Race, 1984. Chapel Hill: Univer-
sity of North Carolina Press, 1985. 215 pp. $9.50
paper. ISBN 0-8078-4132-3.

After enduring the campaignTs 20,000 televi-
sion commercials, including 7,800 in the last five
weeks, many Tar Heels may still shudder at the
thought of the stateTs 1984 U.S. Senate race. But
for those wishing to reexamine one of the Old
North StateTs most colorful, bitter, and fascinating
elections, William D. SniderTs Helms and Hunt:
The North Carolina Senate Race, 1984 offers an
excellent starting point.

Snider, retired editor of the Greensboro News
and Record, has written a highly readable and
entertaining account of a contest the national
news media early on labeled othe second most
important race in the nation,� after only the pres-
idential. The struggle pitted two popular and suc-
cessful politicians with different views of the role
of government and separated in age by seventeen
years, but from similar rural, church-oriented
backgrounds. When the dust settled, incumbent
Senator Jesse A. Helms had bested two-term Gov-
ernor James B. Hunt, Jr., by 86,280 votes out of
2,239,061 cast. In the process, $25,000,000 in
reported expenditures had been spent, the most
on a Senate race in U.S. history.

In Helms and Hunt, Snider begins with a well-
researched account of the early lives of the two
contestants. The reader learns of HelmsTs Monroe
childhood; of his tenure as a sports writer for the
Raleigh News and Observer, by 1984 a bitter poli-
tical opponent; and of his career as a Raleigh tele-
vision editorialist, in which he gained valuable
exposure from 1960 to 1972. Snider depicts Hunt
as an ambitious, hard-working, and intense youth,
one intrigued by politics at an early age. An
admirer of moderate and liberal Democrats, the
Wilson County farm boy nicknamed his cows for
Hubert Humphrey and Kerr Scott, as well as for
his girlfriends. The author uses such anecdotes
throughout the book, not only to enliven his writ-
ing, but also to illustrate the lighter side of two
shrewd politicians and two professionally run
campaigns.

240"North Carolina Libraries

After sketching the pre-1984 political careers
of Helms and Hunt, Snider turns to the senatorial
contest, a contest he points out started many
months before the November 6 voting. He argues
that the Helms decision to commence anti-Hunt
television ads in April 1983 was one of the most
significant of the campaign. Unable to find many
major blemishes in HuntTs gubernatorial record,
the Helms forces chose to concentrate their
attack on the governorTs credibility and integrity.
Over the next twenty months, the Helms theme
oWhere do you stand, Jim,� repeated in variations
thousands of times on television and radio and in
print, weakened voter trust in Hunt. The governor
was never able to seize fully the initative and
make HelmsTs record the campaign focus.

In roughly chronological order, Snider re-
counts the major issues and events of the contest.
Topics from Social Security to the federal tobacco
program, from unsuccessful gubernatorial candi-
date Eddie KnoxTs defection from Democratic
ranks to HuntTs refusal to halt the November 2
execution of convicted murderer Velma Barfield,
receive careful treatment. The authorTs career as
a political reporter and observer serves him well.

Snider concludes with a brief but good dis-
cussion of why Helms won and Hunt lost. Future
historians, with the advantage of time, will offer
more detailed analysis. Having been rushed to
print barely three months after the votes were
cast, Helms and Hunt was not intended as the
definitive study of the election. Nevertheless, the
decision to omit footnotes, bibliography, and in-
dex is regrettable. But the book still offers the
reader a well-crafted account of a monumental
political battle. It belongs in all North Carolina
public and academic libraries.

Robert G. Anthony, Jr., Public Library of Charlotte and Meck-
lenburg County

Nancy Sweezy. Raised in Clay: The Southern
Pottery Tradition. Washington, D.C.: Smithso-
nian Institution Press for the Office of Folklife
Programs, 1984. 280 pp. $39.95 cloth, ISBN 0-
87474-860-7; $19.95 paper, ISBN 0-87474-859-3.
This book, written in conjunction with an

exhibition organized by the Smithsonian Office of

Folklife Programs, concentrates on the thirty-five
southern potteries that continue carrying the
pre-industrial traditions of the craft. The author,
herself a potter with thirty years of experience,
lived and worked for twelve years at Jugtown Pot-
tery in Seagrove, North Carolina. Her experience
enabled her to conduct the fieldwork and write
the study with a clear grasp of the historical
background, and an impressive understanding of
the technology used in traditional pottery mak-
ing.

The potteries included in the study are
grouped by the type of ware that they produce.
Nine of the potteries work in the utilitarian
stoneware tradition, seven produce primarily
unglazed horticultural ware, and nineteen are
known for the glazed ware developed in the twen-
tieth century. Excerpts from the numerous inter-
views with the individual potters are quoted
verbatim; their reminiscences, professional knowl-
edge, and comments on the continual adaptation
to the changing needs of buyers communicate in a
direct, honest, and unpretentious way their love
for their craft.

The well placed illustrations consist of photo-
graphs of the potters at work and their wares, as
well as drawings of various potteries and their
equipment. In the layout, the captions to the
colored photographs represent the only irritating
flaw; they are designed to fill a pre-determined
rectangular space regardless of the ensuing illogi-
cal divisions in the description. The book includes
extensive bibliography. Since not all the potteries
listed in the table of contents are known by the
name of the owner, an index would have been
helpful. The publication is well bound on paper
meeting standards for performance and quality.
This book is essential for collections strong in
decorative arts and is also recommended for col-
lections of North Caroliniana.

Anna Dvorak, North Carolina Museum of Art

Weeks Parker, Fayetteville, North Carolina: a
Pictorial History. Edited by Reginald M. Barton,
Jr., Josephine H. Deem, Allene A. Moffitt. Chapter
introductions by Reginald M. Barton, Jr. Norfolk:
Donning Company, 1984. 208 pp. $25.00 (Order
from Historic Fayetteville Foundation, P.O. Box
1507, Fayetteville 28302).

James Vickers. Chapel Hill: an Illustrated His-
tory. Thomas Scism"illustrations. Dixon Qualls"
color photography. Chapel Hill: Barclay Pub-
lishers, 1985. 208 pp. $24.95 less 20% for libraries.
(P.0. Box 739, Carrboro 27510). ISBN 0-9614429-
0-5.

New North Carolina Books

Although they are in some ways as different
as night and day, these pictorial histories have at
least three things in common. First, they provide
valuable views of and information about cities
that have changed dramatically during the twen-
tieth century. Second, each book boasts out-
standing components. And, unfortunately, a
variety of shortcomings detract from the quality
of both works.

Weeks Parker succeeded in his twenty-year
quest to preserve images of FayettevilleTs past.
Fayetteville, North Carolina: a Pictorial His-
tory inspires the reader with a collection of over
350 fascinating views of people, events, buildings,
and objects, which were assembled with the help
of many individuals and organizations, including
the Fayetteville Publishing Company. Many of the
photographs depict action, and a few of them
span two pages. The photographsT age, size, and
layout combine to make this a fine picture book.

Even though Mr. Weeks intended his book
partly as a visual supplement to John A. OatesTs
Fayetteville, North Carolina (1950), many read-
ers will be disappointed with its text and other
features. The bibliography of eight items hardly
dents even the secondary sources pertaining to
Fayetteville. Chapter introductions of one or two
pages fail to provide an adequate understanding
of FayettevilleTs development as a city or its place
in North Carolina history. Most of the picture cap-
tions lack mention of sources, and the index
leaves much to be desired. Finally, the photo-
graphs and narrative provide an unbalanced view
of the city. The reader is left to wonder why the
book virtually ignores the role of blacks or the
development of FayettevilleTs somewhat negative

image after World War II.
In producing Chapel Hill: an Illustrated

History, a book of higher quality than his first
pictorial history, Raleigh: City of Oaks (1982),
James Vickers avoided some of the drawbacks in
Fayetteville. The lively, well-written text reflects
considerable research in primary and secondary
sources, many of which are recorded in the bookTs
selected bibliography. Vickers succeeded in writ-
ing a balanced history of Chapel Hill itself,
although the extensive narrative also discusses in
detail the origin and development of the Univer-
sity of North Carolina. The book is not merely a
summary of several histories of the university,
however. The reader learns much about Chapel
HillTs physical development and the businesses,
churches, schools, and other institutions that
existed at different periods. Chapel HillTs first
families share the book with average citizens and
minorities, and the seamy side of life does not

1985 Winter"241

New North Carolina Books

escape discussion. Delightful quotations and
anecdotes enliven many pages.

One wishes that as much thought had been
directed toward other aspects of Chapel Hill.
Although Dixon QuallTs forty-six color illustra-
tions of present-day Chapel Hill please the eye,
the content and layout of many of the 200-odd
black-and-white illustrations are of little interest.
oMug� shots and other small photographs pre-
dominate. Although Thomas Scism attempted to
locate photographs in private hands, the vast
majority of those included in the book came from
the North Carolina Collection at the University of
North Carolina and the State Archives. Surely
other repositories could have yielded additional
views. The extensive captions expand on subjects
mentioned in the text but often do not reveal the
origin of the illustrations. The index gives little
guidance to readers who seek subjects instead of
names.

Both of these books increase our knowledge
of the subjects they address. Public and academic
libraries with North Carolina or local history col-
lections may want to add these titles, but librar-
ians in institutions located some distance from
Chapel Hill and Fayetteville should carefully
weigh the cost of the books against interest of
patrons.

Maurice C. York, Edgecombe County Memorial Library

Mike Collins. North Carolina JobhunterTs Hand-
book: A Guide to Finding Your Best Job in
North Carolina! Raleigh: FAN Publishing Com-
pany, 1985. 142 pp. $6.00 paper (includes tax,
postage, handling). ISBN 0-932179-00-2.

Books on job-seeking have appeared with
increasing frequency and in proliferating numbers
during the past decade; and with workers
responding to a changing society and the ensuing
changing marketplace, they have been popular
sellers..As a result, many writers who have little
expertise in the fields of career counseling and
job-seeking have published books that at best add
little to the literature, and at worst provide
unhelpful advice to individuals who need more
effective assistance.

North Carolina JobhunterTs Handbook: A
Guide to Finding Your Best Job in North Caro-
lina! does not fall into that category. While its
content is a little formulaic, and with slight
changes could be used to write jobhunting guides
for forty-nine other states as well as North Caro-
lina, the advice given has been culled from the best
of the job-seeking literature currently available

242"North Carolina Libraries

and is presented in clear, concise fashion. Brief
discussions of geography, economy, education
patterns, and employment history and trends in
North Carolina open the book. Regional maps
that delineate the major areas of the state pro-
vide visual indication of specific geographical
sites for those unfamiliar with the state.

There follow several chapters on the job
search process. These include brief but adequate
explanations of the importance of career plan-
ning, the accessibility of information regarding
careers, the techniques and tools of job hunting
(specifically resumes and interviews), and the
various sources of information about specific
openings that are available to a jobseeker. The
author spells out federal, state, and local agencies
that provide assistance and job opportunity.

Some special sections deal matter-of-factly
with the stress that accompanies any job search,
as well as the unique difficulties that special pop-
ulations such as minorities, women, the handi-
capped, older workers, and inexperienced stu-
dents may face.

Extensive appendixes list the major manu-
facturing and non-manufacturing companies in
the state, power companies, law enforcement
departments, telephone companies, television
and radio stations, hospitals, financial institu-
tions, and the like. Although the information
given is minimal, each does provide a quick refer-
ence point for identifying specific kinds of organi-
zations that may hire in a field of interest.
Additional appendixes include lists of relevant
periodicals and publications, helpful books, man-
uals, and directories, and information to assist in
preparing a resume and in readying for questions
likely to be included in employment interviews.

North Carolina JobhunterTs Handbook: A
Guide to Finding Your Best Job in North Caro-
lina! is by no means the definitive source on the
job search process or on the organizations that
provide good employment opportunities for job
hunters in the state. It is not a directory of
employers, and anyone seeking a.position in the
state needs to consult a number of such sources
for more comprehensive information about com-
panies. It does not claim to be that, however, and
is useful in its own way as a good review of major
employing organizations in North Carolina and
the process involved in successfully seeking work
in them. It is recommended for public, academic,
and school libraries as an initial source to be sup-
plemented by use of more specific directory mate-
rials.

Pat Carpenter, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

George K. Schweitzer. North Carolina Genea-
logical Research. Knoxville, TN, 1984. 192 pp.
$9.00 paper. (Order from Genealogical Sources,
Unitd., 7914 Gleason, C-1136, Knoxville, TN
37919)

Dr. Schweitzer, author of books dealing with
the genealogy of Tennessee, Virginia, South Caro-
lina, the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and the
War of 1812, has prepared a detailed and com-
prehensive guideline to genealogical research in
North Carolina.

The book is broken down into four chapters,
each chapter dealing with a specific area of North
Carolina genealogical research. Chapter 1 con-
tains a brief description of the geography of the
state, followed by a short history in which
Schweitzer describes how both the geography and
history of North Carolina relate to genealogicl
research.

Chapter 2, the largest section of the book,
discusses the many types of records that are
available for North Carolina genealogical re-
search. Schweitzer covers thirty-four types of
records in this chapter, among them birth, death,
court, land, probate, census, and military. As an
example, the section on Military Records first
defines the kinds of records a researcher can
expect to find"service, pension, bounty land,
claims, and military unit history"tells which of
these records are available for each military
period in the state, and then tells how to locate
those records for certain historical periods.

Chapter 3 deals with locations of records,
discussing in great detail the North Carolina State
Archives, North Carolina State Library, the library
at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
the library at Duke University, and the libraries of
the Genealogical Society of Utah. For North Carol-
ina libraries, hours of operation are given, rules
and regulations for working in the libraries, loca-
tions of materials within the libraries, and how to
proceed with research once you have entered the
library. For researchers visiting Raleigh, he lists
motels (with addresses and telephone numbers)
within walking distance or a short drive from
North Carolina State Archives and State Library.

Records Procedure and County Listings are
covered in Chapter 4. After identifying the ances-
torTs county, Schweitzer suggests several ap-
proaches for undertaking research in North
Carolina, recommending as the best approach
one in which the researcher first exhausts the
resources of libraries near his home, then search-
es the collections at the North Carolina State
Archives and the North Carolina State Library,

New North Carolina Books

and perhaps the libraries at the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke Univer-
sity, and then going to the county seat to do
research at the local library and the courthouse.
Most of this chapter consists of a list of each of
the counties in North Carolina, giving county
seats and zip codes, records available in the
county and where they are located, and locations
of libraries in the county.

If there is a fault with this book, it is in the
use of abbreviations which can be troublesome at
times. NCSA (North Carolina State Archives),
NCSL (North Carolina State Library), BLGSU
(Branch Libraries of the Genealogical Society of
Utah), and LGL (large genealogical libraries) are
a few among the many abbreviations that dot the
pages. The book, however, is generally easy to use,
gives excellent advice to researchers, and is thor-
ough in its coverage. It belongs in every genealogy
library in the state"as well as in the hands of
everyone who undertakes genealogical research
in North Carolina.

Beth Young, Cannon Memorial Library, Kannapolis

All EBSCO systems are designed with one
major goal in mind: to simplify your serials
transactions. No matter how big your library is,
how small, or how specialized, we can provide
the professional services you expect.

CONTACT EBSCO"LETTS TALK SERVICE.

8000 Forbes Place, Suite 204
Springfield, VA 22151

(703) 321-9630

(800) 368-3290

(800) 533-1591 (Virginia Only)

| 3150, 6 @)

SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES

1985 Winter"243

New North Carolina Books

Archie K. Davis. Boy Colonel of the Confeder-
acy: The Life and Times of Henry King Burg-
wyn, Jr. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina
Press, 1985. 406 pp. $29.95. ISBN 0-8078-1647-7.

Harry Burgwyn commanded the 26th North
Carolina Infantry, one of the most remarkable
regiments in the Confederate army. The unitTs
first colonel, Zebulon B. Vance, became governor
in 1862 after a brief military career. Burgwyn,
who succeeded Vance at age nineteen, was among
Robert E. LeeTs youngest field officers. Under
BurgwynTs leadership, the 26th entered the Get-
tysburg campaign in July, 1863. Here it earned the
melancholy distinction of the greatest regimental
loss of the Civil War: a staggering 88% casualty
rate in two days of bloody fighting. Among the
dead was the Boy Colonel, struck down on July
Ist as his regiment struggled to repel the Union
Iron Brigade from McPhersonTs Woods.

Although best remembered for his military
achievements, Burgwyn is a worthy biographical
subject for other reasons as well. Born in 1841, he
was the son of a Northampton County planter
who was one of the first Southerners to apply
engineering and scientific technology to agricul-
ture. His mother, Anne Greenough Burgwyn,
belonged to a prominent Massachusetts family
whose ancestors included Governor Increase
Sumner and Jonathan Edwards. Mature, intelli-
gent, ambitious, gifted by heredity and breeding,
and a born leader, young Burgwyn doubtless
could have anticipated a brilliant civilian career
had not the war intervened. But his talents were
subsumed in the secession crisis and in an intense
longing for military glory. His life exemplified
many of the better qualities which the Southern
plantation system was capable of producing,
while his death underlined the war's tragic
human cost, both to the region and to the nation
as a whole.

Archie K. Davis's biography is itself an
accomplishment of note. A lifelong devotee of the
late unpleasantness, Davis completed graduate
studies in history at the University of North Caro-
lina at Chapel Hill following his retirement as
chairman of the Wachovia Corporation. His dis-
sertation, based on the extensive Burgwyn Family
Papers in the Southern Historical Collection was
1500 pages long. Yet, out of modesty, he declined
the Ph.D. degree (settling instead for a ocertificate
of recognition� from the university) and resisted
publication of his work. Only after ten years, and
considerable persuasion, did he consent to revise
the dissertation into its present form.

Students of the Civil War are fortunate that

244"North Carolina Libraries

Davis eventually changed his mind. To be sure,
those with considerable previous knowledge may
find his style discursive. As Davis traces the war
throughout Virginia and the Carolinas, Burgwyn
frequently disappears for pages at a time. Despite
impressive background research, Davis also over-
looked at least two manuscript sources known to
this reviewer that relate to the 26th regiment: the
Leonidas Lafayette Polk Papers at the Southern
Historical Collection, and the privately owned W.
W. oBuck� Edwards Letters, of which portions
have been published. Finally, the absence of a bib-
liography is surprising in a volume produced by a
major university press. These are, however, rela-
tively minor flaws that do not harm the overall
value of the book.

Boy Colonel of the Confederacy is both an
outstanding biography and a significant contribu-
tion to the historiography of this state. Every col-
lection of North Caroliniana should include it.
Everard H. Smith, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Lewis W. Green. The Silence of Snakes. Winston-
Salem: John F. Blair, Publisher, 1984. 343 pp.
$15.95. ISBN 0-89587-040-1.

North Carolina native Lewis W. Green is no
stranger to the people and customs of the North
Carolina mountains, as evidenced in his second
novel, The Silence of Snakes. Formerly a report-
er and a teacher of journalism, Green uses words
in a manner so powerful and evocative as to
plunge his readers into the very center of his fic-
tional world. The images he conjures are often too
vivid, too painful, too ugly; his words are disturb-
ing, wrenching. The Silence of Snakes is not an
easy book to read; it is not a pretty story, and it
could only have been told in this way.

The mountain community that is home to
GreenTs characters is not peaceful and pictur-
esque. The image of snakes runs through this
novel"silent and deadly, the poison that per-
vades the lives of these suspicious, superstitious,
proud men and women. Alcohol is an important
force"from the brilliant yet alcoholic reporter
Paul Fortune who nearly destroys himself by
drinking, to the Skiller familyTs infamous moon-
shine business, the influence of alcohol on GreenTs
characters is unmistakable and frightening. In
this novel, the line dividing good and evil is far
from distinct. Characters are not either sympa-
thetic or despicable"they have the frailties and
weaknesses born of a life filled with too many
hardships, disappointments, and injustices. And
yet, they display a fierce loyalty to family and
friends, concern for the welfare of a seriously ill

child, commitment to fairness and justice in the
trial of an unquestionably guilty man.

Green exposes his readers to feelings and
events that most of us would prefer to avoid. His
talent for description and insight makes us
understand, makes us feel the pain that could
drive a man to madness, to murder without
remorse. The crime in the story is unthinkable, yet
in the end, the reader cannot be sure which side
to take.

The Silence of Snakes begins with a birth"
painful, frightening, mysterious. Death ends the
novel"the final silence. GreenTs novel is not com-
forting, not a pleasant, mindless diversion. This
excellent effort evidences a keen journalistic eye,
tremendous awareness and knowledge of moun-
tain life, and a rare talent for evoking with the
written word images that bring to life characters
and places and moments and emotions. A truly
disturbing and insightful portrait of a slice of

North Carolina life.
Julie Sanders, Forsyth County Public Library

Linda Brown Bragg. Rainbow Roun Mah Shoul-
der. Chapel Hill: Carolina Wren Press, 1984. 133
pp. $6.00 paper. (300 Barclay Road, Chapel Hill
27514) ISBN 0-932112-20-X.

oIt is you who belong to God, not me. You are
the real priest.� Those were the words spoken to
her by Father Theodore Canty on that last night
in the sanctuary of St. Ignatius Church. It was
then that she accepted the growing knowledge
that she had been blessed with special powers to
love and heal.

At twenty-two, Rebecca Florice was a tall
reed of a girl and handsome in a Creole way that
drove her black husband, Mac, to desperation as
he felt them drift apart. There was a ostrangeness�
about her that he had never understood, nor
could he accept that she was somehow mixed up
with God and that awesome gift. He left her, run-
ning away in a rage of confusion, screaming
curses, calling her crazy and unfaithful. oShe
could still hear his voice fighting the enormity of
the ocean. The sea gulls whined; she understood,
and wrapped herself up for the night in the

slicker Mac had left behind.�
It was 1919, and Rebecca was living in the

home of her sister. She and Mac had come there,
to eastern North Carolina, to escape their dis-
content and unhappiness in New Orleans. She
planted the magic herb seeds that she had
brought with her, and the gardens thrived every

year.
Sipping chamomile tea one evening on the

New North Carolina Books

porch with her friend, Alice, Rebecca suddenly
recognized the meaning of the ogrowls of sound�
that crossed the dark distance separating them
from the lynch mob. She had known that after-
noon in town that trouble was in the air, and she
sat silently on the porch throughout the hour that
it took to kill.

When her sister, Marie, and her husband
decide to leave Jacksonville, Rebecca Florice and
Alice go to Greensboro to take jobs cooking in a
struggling Negro college. Rebecca becomes a sta-
ble, respected member of the campus community,
and in her own small way helps uphold its tradi-
tion as oa college Black folk could be proud of.�

Rebecca Florice also finds the Reverend
Robert Brown, pastor of the Mount Olive AME
Zion Church. The Reverend Brown owas not the
same intellectual Theodore [Canty] had been, but
he had roots of wisdom that scoured the earth for
answers.� He discovers strength in RebeccaTs love
that helps him denounce from his pulpit the
injustices of a town that would jail an innocent
young black on a trumped up murder charge and
allow his mysterious death behind bars to go
uninvestigated and unanswered. Though fearing
for the safety of his family when the Klan burns
crosses in the yard of his home, he invites the
NAACP to meet in his church, and he continues
his crusade as president of its local chapter.

Because he is a just man, Robert Brown is
unable to reconcile his love and passion for
Rebecca with his sense of duty and loyalty to his
wife. He seeks and accepts a call to a church in
another state thus ending a relationship that has
become consuming for Rebecca.

The author, in discussing her writing, ex-
plains that her omajor emphasis is always to give
life to the concrete world through imaginative
work so that it will speak of the great mysteries.�

The book is a chronicle of Rebecca FloriceTs
ministry to those who are loved by her and healed
through her powers. The central characters and
many of the minor ones are richly drawn against
the background of the NegroTs struggle to attain
justice and position in a society that has only
grudgingly begun to recognize his unalienable
rights. The author's voice is one of authority for it
is the consciousness of her own people.

That Linda Bragg is a poet is evident in her
descriptive prose. It winds itself like wisteria vine
around the dramatic and the mundane, the
humorous and the tragic. Like Rebecca Florice,
she understands the ostruggle betwen bread and
incense.�

Linda Bragg is a lecturer at the University of
North Carolina at Greensboro where she teaches

1985 Winter"245

New North Carolina Books

Afro-American literature and creative writing.
Her teaching emphasizes osubjects such as the
uses of imagination and the connection between
the sacred and the artistic.� Though this is her
first published novel, she has written poetry since
the age of fourteen and has been published in a
number of periodicals and an anthology titled
Beyond the Blues. A book of her own poems, A
Love Song to Black Men, was published by
Broadside Press in 1974.

Rainbow Roun Mah Shoulder is a book for
the general reader and the student of creative
writing. It is recommended for public and aca-
demic libraries, and it should be essential to any
collection of contemporary black literature.

Rebecca Ballentine, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill

C.J. Puetz. North Carolina County Maps. Lyndon
Station, WIL: C. J. Puetz. 156 pp. Index. $10.90.
(Available from County Maps, 300 Buck Jones
Road, Raleigh 27606.)

North Carolina County Maps is one of ten
county map books published by C. J. Puetz. Other
states for which similar county map publications
are available include South Carolina, Tennessee,
Kentucky, and Florida.

This is a nice general reference resource for
transportation and recreation information in
map format. The maps are clear and easy to read.
The publisher has reproduced the black and
white county highway maps published by the
North Carolina Department of Transportation at
the scale of 1� = 2 miles. The scale of some coun-
ties has been slightly reduced. The maps are
arranged in double page spread format (22T x 16�)
with larger counties covered on two pages. Inter-
state highways are depicted in blue and recrea-
tional areas are represented with blue symbols.
County seats, state and national parks and
forests, wildlife refuges, museums and _ historic
sites, ferries, lighthouses, and ski areas are high-
lighted. Two small inset maps appear with each
county: a key to county location within the state,
and a key to county road numbers.

Accompanying each map is a brief text which
includes county seat, short historical notes, and,
for most counties, some recreational information.
Short descriptions of state parks appear with the
appropriate county. This county information
seems to have been compiled from a variety of
sources. The N.C. Wildlife Commission, the N.C.
Travel and Tourism Division, and the Division of
Parks and Recreation are acknowledged. Portions
of the historical notes are identical to citations in

246"North Carolina Libraries

William S. Powell's The North Carolina Gazet-
teer.

Unfortunately, there are minor errors in the
text. When the reader is unfamiliar with a coun-
tyTs history or points of interest, he should consult
additional guidebooks for more complete infor-
mation, for the scope of this atlas is not extensive
enough to encompass all points of interest and
recreation in North Carolina. There are three
types of mistakes in the text: typographical/edit-
ing errors for place names (e.g., Appalachian
National Forest for Pisgah National Forest and
Knott's landing for KnottTs Island); incorrect loca-
tion (e.g., Bridal Veil Falls cited on the wrong
river); and misleading descriptions (e.g., Stagville
Plantation in Durham County, noted as Stagville
Center for Preservation Technology, appears to be
part of the Duke University campus). A few errors
were also found in state road numbers, dates,
index listings, and the alphabetical arrangement
in the content list. The maps may be consulted for
spelling, location, and road numbers.

Depite errors in the county descriptions,
North Carolina County Maps is a handy re-
source. Recommended for all libraries.

Celia D. Poe, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Edwin M. Yoder, Jr. The Night of the Old South
Ball and Other Essays and Fables. Oxford, MS:
Yoknapatawpha Press, 1984. 248 pp. $13.95. ISBN
0-916242-53-6.

The title of Edwin YoderTs The Night of the
Old South Ball is taken from that of the first
essay, which humorously recalls the author's
remembrance of his college roommateTs attend-
ance at the Kappa Alpha OrderTs Old South Ball.
It is a wonderful parody, told as a mock epic, of
the seriousness of the southern concept of
noblesse oblige carried to an extreme. The room-
mate, whom Yoder refers to as Altgeld, has been
fitted for the occasion in a rented generalTs uni-
form ocomplete with epaulettes and ceremonial
sword.� Though Altgeld leaves triumphantly for
the ball in his Confederate finery, his return home
at a much later hour wearing only his under-
shorts causes Yoder to suspect that othe general
had been failed by both God and women.�

The above essay is one of several the author
tells with wit and good fun in this first published
collection of essays by the nationally-syndicated
Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist now based in
Washington D.C. Yoder, whose hometown is
Mebane, N.C., is a graduate of the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a former
Rhodes Scholar. While at Chapel Hill, he was edi-

tor of the Daily Tar Heel. He went on to work at
the Charlotte News, the Greensboro Daily News,
the Washington Star and the Washington Post,
writing essays from which these eighty-eight were
selected.

One of YoderTs strong points is his keen inter-
est in and awareness of history and the workings
of historical processes. His best historical and po-
litical pieces are reflections on the South, the
region that has nurtured his intellect, which
involve assessing the region itself as well as de-
scribing the figures that have inhabited it. He
challenges ohistorical misconceptions,� such as
the charge that Thomas Jefferson was guilty of
miscegenation. His praise of a biography of Huey
Long, the oKingfish� of Louisiana politics, becomes
a lucid discussion of the man and southern poli-
tics in the turbulent 1920s and 30s. Essays on
later southern politicians, especially Jimmy Car-
ter, are equally lucid and pertinent and help to
cast light on the ever-growing debate about the
efficacy of CarterTs presidency and on his oenig-
matic� personality.

The book is entertaining reading because
YoderTs range of subjects is so wide. The author is
as much at home discussing the works of
Flannery OTConnor as he is recalling the malapro-
pism issued by Coach Weems every time he lec-
tured on obenevolent depots� in his history class.
Some of the essays are too short, probably due to
time and space limitations imposed on journal-
ists. Still, this collection would be better if Yoder
had expanded some of the essays, especially the
political ones. As they are, these essays show
glimpses of insight but, for the most part, contrib-
ute nothing new.

The book is recommended for adult nonfic-
tion collections.

Jim Chapman, Public Library of Charlotte & Mecklenburg
County

T. R. Pearson, A Short History of a Small Place.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985. 381 pp. $16.95.
ISBN: 0-671-54352-0.

Following the pattern of southern story-
tellers who sit on their front porches and remem-
ber owhen,� T. R. PearsonTs A Short History of a
Small Place travels through bits and pieces of
the more eccentric moments of Neely, a fictional
southern town in the northern Piedmont of North
Carolina. The novel reads like a front porch talk,
as olittle Louis Benfield� tells us what his Daddy
has told him. This is the way of oral history, and
Pearson has a good knack for the fictionalized
kind.

New North Carolina Books

The story is held together by Daddy, Momma,
and Louis Benfield, a small family of onormal�
people in comparison with the more eccentric
characters of the town. Louis wanders through a
few decades of NeelyTs history, including the tale
of the Epperson sisters and a cousin who go about
getting the townspeople to sign a petition acknowl-
edging that they are indeed triplets. And why
shouldn't they be? There seems to be no good
rationale in the minds of the Neelyites for denying
these three their otriplet-hood� if that makes them
happy. Another character is oMr. Britches,� a
monkey who doesnTt seem to enjoy wearing the
clothes that Miss Pettigrew, the mayorTs sister,
wants him to wear. But he does enjoy hanging out
on the top of a flag pole and causing a ruckus.

There is a typical range of people from rich
families to poor families. But in all this diversity
there is a very conscious acknowledgment by all
people that they must and do live together. The
little habits that each person has and the odiffer-
ent� things each does keep the town interesting.
Neely seems to appreciate, at least through the
eyes of the Benfield family, all of the eccentricities
of their neighbors and each other. For instance,
Momma Benfield washes dishes over and over,
staring out the kitchen window, when something
happens that she needs to think about in silence.
Daddy and Louis Benfield just let her be alone
when she washes dishes. And by the same token,
Momma Benfield puts up with Daddy's smoking
habit. They have an agreement that he will not
carry oany means of making fire,� so he has hidden
matches all over town; and as Louis notes, omore
than once I myself had watched him turn over a
rock at TadlockTs pond and pluck a full, un-
weathered matchbox out from among the ants
and the nightcrawlers.�

Through the many digressions of Louis, who
seems to have a good sense of how things tie
together in the community, we learn much about
how many small towns operate. Though the
events are fictional, their possibility is very real,
especially to all who feel as if they have met the
cousins of the character in PearsonTs book.

One of the best aspects of A Short History of
a Small Place is that it doesnTt have to be read in
one sitting. You can take as much time to read it
as necessary without losing the flavor of the book,
just as you can talk on the porch about a subject,
go off and get tea or a snack, return to the front
porch, and maybe take up where you left off or
maybe just go on to something else, knowing it will
all come back together in the end.

Pearson has written a novel that is funny,
controlled in its digressive ways, and well worth

1985 Winter"247

New North Carolina Books

reading for its little insights into a small town and
the people who live there, together. Recom-
mended for all fiction collections.

Virginia A. Moore, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Other Publications of Interest

Inns of the Southern Mountains: One Hun-
dred Scenic and Historic Hostelries from Virgi-
nia to Georgia by Patricia L. Hudson would be a
good addition to the travel section of public and
academic libraries. This 160-page volume covers
inns in the mountain regions of Virginia, West Vir-
ginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, and
Georgia. Nearly half (forty-nine) of the inns are in
North Carolina. Arrangement is by state from
north to south, with towns listed alphabetically
under each state. For each inn the author
includes address, telephone number, name of
innkeeper, when open, meals served, whether
children or pets are permitted, whether checks or
credit cards are accepted, directions for getting to
the inn, and rates. A brief but informative text
tells a bit about each inn. Also included and most
helpful is a map for each state showing locations
of inns. There is an index by state and town.
Order from EPM Publications, Inc. 1003 Turkey
Run Road, McLean, VA 22101. ($8.95 paper. ISBN
0-914440-80-2)

The Appalachian Consortium Press (Univer-
sity Hall, Appalachian State University, Boone
28608) in 1984 published Minstrel of the Appa-
lachians; The Story of Bascom Lamar Luns-
ford by Loyal Jones. Lunsford (1882-1973) was a
North Carolinian who promoted traditional moun-
tain music and dancing. This account is thorough
and scholarly, with notes, bibliography, and
appendixes, including a discography and list of
LunsfordTs recordings in the Archive of Folk Song
at the Library of Congress. One minor quibble is
that there are no credit lines for the fifty photo-
graphs. 249 pp. paper. $10.95. ISBN 0913239-11-9.

In 1984 Velma Barfield was executed by the
state of North Carolina for the murder of four
people, including her mother. She was the first
woman to be executed in this country for twenty-
two years. Woman on Death Row by Velma Bar-
field is her story of her life until just before her
execution on November 2, 1984, including her
drug addiction and her religious conversion while
in prison. Though this certainly is not an impar-

248"North Carolina Libraries

tial account of Ms. BarfieldTs life, it is an important
book. It is published by Oliver Nelson Books, a
division of Thomas Nelson Publishers, P.O. Box
141000, Nelson Place at Elm Hill Pike, Nashville,
TN 37214. 175 pp. paper $6.95. ISBN 0-8407-9531-
2

For public library ghost and mystery collec-
tions is a new title from East Woods Press (429
East Blvd., Charlotte 28203); Coastal Ghosts:
Haunted Places from Wilmington, North Caro-
lina to Savannah, Georgia. The North Carolina
ghosts center around Wilmington; most of the
tales are about South Carolina ghosts. 184 pp.
$12.95.

Libraries that collect regional materials or
cookbooks will want to get a copy of Bill NealTs
Southern Cooking (UNC Press). Neal, co-owner
and chef of a Chapel Hill restaurant, has received
national attention and praise from such notables
as Craig Claiborne. The nice thing is that itTs all
true. The Cookbook is southern, sensible, and
literary (an appropriate quotation opens each
chapter), and the recipes are good, easy to read,
list both English and metric amounts, and have
complete instructions, including recommended
equipment. There are both a list of works con-
sulted and an index. 233 pp., $15.95. ISBN 0-8078-
1649-3.

Clenched Fists, Burning Crosses: A Novel
of Resistance by Chris South is a feminist novel
set in the Durham area, though the location is not
crucial to the plot. It is a story of opposition to the
power of white men, all of whom are evil charac-
ters in the book. The plot involves a group of les-
bians who are fighting the Klan and the racist,
sexist society they see around them. Libraries
that are consciously collecting feminist literature
will want to purchase this title. Others may want
to examine it before deciding whether to pur-
chase. Trumansburg, NY: The Crossing Press,
1984. 183 pp. $17.95 cloth. ISBN 0-89594-154-6;
$7.95 paper. ISBN 0-89594-153-8.

Collections of genealogy will want to note a
new title recently published by Genealogical Pub-
lishing Co., Inc. of Baltimore. Marriages of John-
ston County, North Carolina, 1762-1868, com-
piled by Brent H. Holcomb, contains abstracts of
all 3,946 extant marriage bonds for the period
indicated. Arrangement is alphabetical by name
of groom and provides name of bride, date of
bond, and name of bondsman. An index lists both
brides and bondsmen. 162 pp. $15.00 + $1.25 post-
age & handling ISBN 0-8063-1120-7.

NCLA Minutes

North Carolina Library Association
Minutes of the Executive Board
July 19, 1985

The Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Associa-
tion met on July 19, 1985, in the conference room of the College
Union, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina. Board
members present were Leland Park, Pauline F. Myrick, Jane Wil-
liams, Eunice Drum, Mertys Bell, Shirley B. McLaughlin, Mary P.
Williams, Patsy Hansel, Mary Avery, Robert Bland, J. A. Killian,
Vivian Beech, Rebecca Ballentine, Judith Sutton, Karen Perry
and Benjamin F. Speller, Jr. Also present were Dorothy W.
Campbell, Janet Miller, Patricia Langelier, Mae Tucker, Louise
Boone, Arial Stephens, Cindy Pendergraft, Nancy Bates, and
Mary McAfee.

The meeting was called to order by President Leland Park.
He welcomed the group to Davidson College and gave brief
information about the campus. The president introduced Mr. J.
A. Killian, new chair of the Trustees Section, and welcomed him
to the board. He also welcomed three visitors: Cindy Pender-
graft, member, NCLA Committee on Honorary and Life Member-
ship; Patricia Langelier, International/State Documents Li-
brarian, UNC-Chapel Hill; and Dorothy W. Campbell, newly-
elected secretary of NCLA for 1985-87.

The minutes of the April 12, 1985 meeting of the Executive
Board were presented by Shirley McLaughlin for Roberta Wil-
liams, secretary. It was noted that on page 2, paragraph 4, the
correct spelling of the name of the guest editor of the Summer
1985 issue of North Carolina Libraries should be Maury York.
The minutes were approved with this correction.

Eunice Drum gave the TreasurerTs Report and distributed
copies to all members. She noted that $20,000 had been trans-
ferred to the savings account.

Pauline Myrick, 1st vice president/president elect, and Arial
Stephens, conference manager, gave an update report on plans
for the 1985 biennial conference. A schedule of conference meet-
ings, speakers and activities was distributed, and space assign-
ments were discussed. It was noted that 70% of the exhibitorsT
spaces have already been sold. President-Elect Myrick com-
mended Conference Manager Stephens for his efficient planning
and outstanding work with Johnny Shaver in handling local
arrangements. President Park reminded the board of the pre-
conference meeting of the 1983-85 and 1985-87 executive
boards. He also reminded the 1983-85 board members that they
are expected to attend all NCLA general sessions and business
meetings scheduled during the conference. The 1985-87 board
will hold a dinner meeting on Friday, October 4th, at the conclu-
sion of the conference.

Patsy Hansel, editor, reported that the summer issue of
North Carolina Libraries was in the mail. The fall issue will
focus on library services to institutions; anticipated mailing date
is October 11th. Deadline for the winter 1985 conference issue is
November 10.

Sheila Core, chairman of the Scholarship Committee, was
unable to be present. Her report was presented to the board by
President Park. Recipients of the North Carolina Memorial Scho-

larships for 1985 are Linda Baldwin Shoffner of Greenville and
Sharon Lynne Arnette of Brevard. The Query-Long Scholarship
was awarded to Barbara Baker Privette of Zebulon. Diane Gra-
nata Thompson of Greensboro and Emily Schafer McCormick of
Charlotte were granted loans from the McLendon Student Loan
Fund.

Treasurer Eunice Drum shared with the board a June 27,
1985 memo from Sheila Core, chair, NCLA Scholarship Commit-
tee, regarding the need to revise the loan agreement form in
order to clarify the terms of the loan and make it legally binding.
Attached to the memo from the Scholarship Committee was a
proposed revision of the loan agreement form. After some dis-
cussion, Jake Killian moved that the proposed changes in the
McLendon Student Loan Agreement form be accepted with the
following change: Delete the statement of a specific amount for
the loan and add instead othe amount of the loan is to be set by
the Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Association.�
This motion was seconded and passed.

The report of the Honorary and Life Membership Commit-
tee was given by Kathy Shropshire. The committee recom-
mended that Honorary Memberships in NCLA be given to
Senator Harold W. Hardison, Representative George Miller, and
Dr. Samuel Ragan. It also recommended that Life Memberships
be awarded to Mr. H. William OTShea, Jr., and to Mrs. Mildred
Councill. Pauline Myrick moved that the board accept the
recommendation of the Honorary and Life Membership Com-
mittee and that Honorary and Life Memberships in NCLA be
granted to the individuals so nominated. This motion was
seconded and passed.

The report of the Governmental Relations Committee was
given by Louise Boone, chair. She reported that the North Caro-
lina delegates to Legislative Day in Washington on April 16th
were well received by various members of the North Carolina
congressional delegation and their staffs. Funding for LSCA
appears to be frozen at current levels, but the budget process is
a slow one, and it will probably take months for Congress to
arrive at a final compromise and action.

Noting that she plans to retire on September Ist, President
Park thanked Ms. Boone for all her hard work as chairman of
the Governmental Relations Committee and for her many con-
tributions to library service in North Carolina during her career.
Immediate Past President Mertys Bell also recognized Ms. Boone
and expressed appreciation on behalf of the board for her out-
standing professional contributions as a member of NCLA.

Dr. Gene Lanier, chair, Intellectual Freedom Committee,
was unable to be present. A brief update on recent activities and
concerns of this committee was given by President Park. The
president also noted that the North Carolina Library Associa-
tionTs Intellectual Freedom Committee had been presented the
Intellectual Freedom Round TableTs State Program Award at the
104th Annual Conference of the American Library Association.
The board unanimously agreed that Dr. Lanier is to be highly
commended for all his hard work as chairman of the committee
in keeping intellectual freedom alive in North Carolina through
programs, publicity and testimony.

Rebecca Ballentine, NCLA Representative to the South-
eastern Library Association, reported that SELA held its leader-

1985 Winter"249

NCLA Minutes

ship conference in Atlanta on March 13-14. Preliminary plans
were made for the SELA Biennial Conference to be held October
15-19, 1986, in Atlanta. The SELA Executive Board approved job
descriptions for a part-time executive secretary and a full-time
office manager. It is expected that an executive secretary will be
appointed when the Board meets in August. The associationTs
budget is in balance and membership figures are about the same
for the past three years. North Carolina continues to be the state
with the most members in SELA. The SELA Board voted to
recommend to the membership at the 1986 conference that vot-
ing membership on the executive board be given to round tables
along with all other rights and responsibilities that sections
have. The board also passed a motion to invite round table
chairs to attend board meetings during the interim. The eighth
annual presidentsT meeting is scheduled for August 30 in
Atlanta, followed by a meeting of the Executive Committee on
August 31. Representative Ballentine also requested that com-
mittees and sections send her news of workshops so that she in
turn could forward this information to SELA for publication in
the Southeastern Librarian.

Robert Bland, chair, College and University Section, re-
ported that forty-five people attended the workshop, oThe Elec-
tronic Network: Sharing the Costs and Benefits of Library
Automation,� which was sponsored by the section on May 30-31.
Those in attendance heard a very informative discussion of net-
working and automation for small and medium-sized libraries.

Mary Avery, chair, Community and Junior College Section,
reported that Richard Wells of Randolph Tech is the new section
editor of the North Carolina Libraries editorial board. He
replaces Beverly Gass, who will enter the doctoral program at
Columbia University in the fall. Mr. John Berry, editor-in-chief of
Library Journal, will be the guest speaker on the Community
and Junior College Section program at the biennial conference.

The report of the Documents Section was given by Janet
Miller for Stuart Basefsky, chair. Janet Miller will become the
chair of the Documents Section for 1985-86, and Pat Langelier
will continue as chair of the State Documents Depository System
Committee. The section has devoted all it priorities in recent
months to urging persons and organizations to write letters of
support for a depository system in North Carolina. Members of
the NCLA Executive Board were encouraged to join in this
effort.

Pat Langelier also requested that the Executive Board join
with the Documents Section in forwarding letters of support for
a depository system for state documents in North Carolina. She
stated that such a letter should 1) identify the writer; 2) be
specific; 3) give reasons for your position; and 4) ask for specific
action"i.e., urge that action be taken to establish a network of
depository libraries so that state publications will be available
statewide.

President Park thanked Ms. Miller and Ms. Langelier for
their report on the proposal for a depository system. He also
requested that the Documents Section forward to him a resolu-
tion regarding this matter which could then be presented to the
NCLA membership for action at a business meeting during the
biennial conference.

Vivian Beech, Junior Members Round Table chair, reported
that the JMRT Executive Board met May 24 at the National
Humanities Center Library in the Research Triangle Park.
Stephanie Issette was elected vice chairman/chairman-elect of
JMRT for 1985-87. Application forms for the Young Librarian
Award were approved. Plans were made to extend the Grass-
root Grant and Young LibrariansT Awards until the fall. The
orientation to NCLA program on October 2nd at the biennial
conference will include talks by President Leland Park and ex-
hibitors, John Higgins and Dwight Edmonds, and the presenta-
tion of awards. The board decided not to sponsor the JMRT
Night on the Town because of the full schedule in the evenings.

250"North Carolina Libraries

JMRT will assist with the PresidentTs Dance on Thursday even-
ing. An information table will be manned by JMRT near the
exhibits area in an effort to promote membership in the round
table.

The report for the Public Library Section was given by
Judith Sutton, chair. The Planning Council of the Public Library
Section met April 12, 1985, in Greensboro, at the Greensboro
Public Library. The final quarterly meeting of the Planning
Council will be held July 26, 1985, at the Davidson County Public
Library in Lexington. Featured speaker for the general section
program at the biennial conference will be Joe McGinniss,
author of Fatal Vision. The Young Adult committee will sponsor
oYoung Adolescents and Libraries,� featuring Sue Rosenzweig,
Information Manager for the Center for Early Adolescence of
UNC-Chapel Hill. The Audio-Visual Committee will have a ses-
sion on Clay Animated Films� featuring Charlotte filmmaker
John Lemmon. The PR Committee will conduct a PR Swap Shop
and Contest complete with prizes. LSCA grants were obtained
for the general program/Joe McGinniss and for the YA pro-
gram/Sue Rosenzweig. Ms. Sutton also commended Nancy
Bates, chairman of the Public Library Section Governmental
Relations Committee and President of the North Carolina Public
Library Directors Association, for the tremendous job she did in
leading the successful lobbying effort which resulted in passage
of legislation by the General Assembly to increase state aid to
public libraries by $3 million. On behalf of the Public Library
Section members, Sutton also expressed appreciation to John
Jones, Louise Boone, and Nancy Massey for getting Senator
Harold Hardison and Representative Billy Watkins to introduce
the legislation.

The report of the Resources and Technical Services Section
was given by Benjamin F. Speller, Jr., chair. The section will
sponsor a breakfast meeting on Thursday morning, October 3rd,
at the biennial conference. At this time the section will hold its
business meeting and present its Best Article and Conference
Grant awards. Other programs to be sponsored by RTSS at the
conference will include a program on the National Authority
Control Update with John James and Judith Fenly of the
Library of Congress as speakers; a panel discussion on catalog-
ing problems and solutions; and a program sponsored by the
RTSS Collection Development/Serials Interest Group on utiliz-
ing vendor services in collection development. The section also
requested permission from the NCLA Executive Board to sell tee
shirts at the conference, with proceeds to be donated to NCLA
to pay for publication of an updated NCLA membership direc-
tory. The Board agreed by common consent to this proposal.

Mr. J. A. Killian, Chair, Trustees Section, reported that the
Librarian/Trustees Conference on May 29-30 in Raleigh was
quite successful. He also stated that the section plans to pro-
mote membership in NCLA and ALA for its members.

Patsy Hansel, chair, reported that the Round Table on the
Status of Women in Librarianship sponsored a most successful
workshop on oUpper Level Management� in Chapel Hill in May,
with over sixty people in attendance. Arabelle FedoraTs presen-
tation at the workshop will be printed in the fall issue of North
Carolina Libraries, and Jane WilliamsT presentation will be
printed in a coming issue of MsManagement. Kay Jordan of
Diane Harris Associates in Winston-Salem will conduct the
Round TableTs program, oDoTs and DonTtTs Dress for Success
Fashion Follies,� at the biennial conference. The Round Table is
also investigating the possibility of selling dance cards for the
PresidentTs dance on Thursday evening.

The report for the Round Table for Ethnic Minority Con-
cerns was given by Mary P. Williams, chair. The Executive Board
of the Round Table met on July 2, 1985, at Kenan Library, St.
Mary's College, Raleigh. Final plans were made for the program
which the round table will sponsor at the biennial conference.
Congressman Major Owens will be the featured speaker at a

breakfast meeting on October 4. The Round Table received an
LSCA grant to help with expenses for this program. Patricia
Hines, Elizabeth State University, has been elected as chair of

the Round Table for Ethnic Minority Concerns for 1985-87.
It was announced that the dates for the 1986 NCLA Spring

Workshop will be April 18-19, 1986.
There being no further business, the meeting adjourned.

Shirley B. McLaughlin, Acting Secretary
Roberta S. Williams, Secretary

CONSTITUTION
of the
NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION

October, 1981
(amended October, 1983)
(amended October, 1985)

ARTICLE I. NAME

This organization shall be called the North Carolina Library
Association.

ARTICLE II. OBJECT

Its object shall be to promote libraries and library services in
North Carolina.

ARTICLE III. MEMBERSHIP

1. Membership in the North Carolina Library Association
shall consist of five classes: individual membership, institu-
tional membership, contributing membership, honorary mem-
bership, and life membership. Only individual and life members
have voting privileges.

2. Individual. Any person who is or has been officially con-
nected with any library in a professional, nonprofessional, or
clerical capacity, or any member of a library's governing or
advisory body, or any student in a school of library science,
may upon payment of dues be entitled to individual member-
ship as stated by the Bylaws and will have the right to vote.

3. Institutional. Any institution may become an institutional
member upon payment of the dues of the Association and
upon meeting the requirements for membership as stated in
the Bylaws.

4. Contributing. Any individual, firm or organization may
upon the payment of dues, be entitled to contributing member-
ship as stated in the Bylaws.

5, Honorary. The Honorary and Life Membership Committee
may recommend to the Executive Board for honorary, non-vot-
ing membership non-librarians who have made unusual contri-
butions to library services. Such nominees may be elected by
the Executive Board.

6. Life. The Honorary and Life Membership Committee may
recommend to the Executive Board for life membership, with
voting privileges, persons who are no longer actively engaged
in library work. Such nominees may be elected by the Executive
Board.

ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS

1. The officers of the Association shall consist of a President;
a first Vice-President, who shall be the President-Elect; a
Second Vice-President; a Secretary and a Treasurer.

2. They are to be elected by ballot, to serve for two years
except for the Treasurer who is to serve for four years.

NCLA Constitution

ARTICLE V. EXECUTIVE BOARD

1. The officers of the Association, the past President, two
Directors elected by the Association at large, the representa-
tives of the Association to the A.L.A. Council, the North Caro-
lina member of the Executive Board of the Southeastern
Library Association, the Editor of North Carolina Libraries,
and the chairman of each section and round table shall consti-
tute the Executive Board. A parliamentarian may be appointed
by the President as a non-voting member.

2. They shall serve until their successors take office.

3. The President of the Association shall be the Chairman of
the Executive Board.

4. Powers and Duties. The Executive Board shall have the
power:

a. To consider and mature plans for the general work of
the Association.

b. To appoint in case of a vacancy in any office a member
from the Association to fill the unexpired term until the
next regular election.

c. To establish, maintain, and staff a Headquarters Office
for the Association.

d. To define the duties, responsibilities and salaries of the
Headquarters personnel.

e. To transact the business of the Association within the
limits of a budget system.

5. Business of the Association may also be transacted by the
Executive Board through correspondence, provided that the
proposed action be submitted in writing by the President to the
members of the Executive Board, and that it be approved by a
quorum of the Board.

6. The Executive Board shall act for the Association in inter-
vals between meetings; make arrangements for the biennial
meeting; and authorize the organization of sections or round
tables by specialized interests within the Library Association.

7. The Executive Board shall direct and provide for the pub-
lications of the Association and may have power to contract
for such publications as may seem desirable for furthering the
interests of the Association.

8. Quorum. A majority of the voting members of the Execu-
tive Board shall constitute a quorum.

9. Representatives to the North Carolina Public Library Cer-
tification Commission. The Executive Board shall nominate an
individual who has been selected by the Public Library Section
to be named by the Governor to serve, with the chairman of the
Public Library Section and the chairman of the North Carolina
Association of the Library Trustees of N.C.L.A., as a member of
the Public Library Certification Commission as required by the
General Statutes of North Carolina (G.S. 143B-68).

ARTICLE VI. FINANCES

1. The Executive Board shall approve all encumbrances (any
claims on property) and expenditures of Association funds, but
may delegate to the President authority to approve encum-
brances and expenditures,

2. The Executive Board shall administer the business affairs
of the Association, and it shall have power in the intervals
between meetings of the Association to act on all matters on
which a majority of the members reach agreement.

3. The finances of the Association shall be handled under a
budget system.

4. Funds shall be available to the President or his represen-
tative toward attending meetings to represent the Association.
These funds must be included in the budget and approved by
the Executive Board.

1985 Winter"251

NCLA Constitution

5. Funds shall be available to the Executive Board to admin-
ister the affairs of the Association through a Headquarters
Office.

6. No officer, committee or member of the Association shall
receive any funds or incur any expense for the Association not
provided for in the Constitution unless authorized in writing by
the President; nor shall the Treasurer or other authorized per-
son make any payment except for expenditures which have
been so approved.

ARTICLE VII. AFFILIATIONS

1. The North Carolina Library Association shall be a contri-
buting member of the American Library Association.

2. The North Carolina Library Association shall hold chapter
membership in the American Library Association and shall
elect its Councilor as provided in the A.L.A. Constitution and
Bylaws.

3. The North Carolina Library Association shall be a contrib-
uting member of the Southeastern Library Association.

4. The Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Asso-
ciation shall be empowered to enter into other affiliations as
deemed beneficial to the Association.

ARTICLE VIII. SECTIONS AND ROUND TABLES

1. Sections and round tables of the Association may be
organized by application, signed by one hundred voting
members of the Association, and approved by the Executive
Board.

2. Each section shall represent a type of library or field of
activity clearly distinct from that of other sections.

3. A round table shall represent a field of librarianship not
within the scope of any single section.

4. The officers of the sections and round tables shall be
elected by the membership of the section or round table. They
shall be responsible for the program meetings and any other
business of the section or round table.

5. The President of the Association may appoint officers if
the section or round table fails to elect officers.

6. With the permission of the Executive Board, sections and
round tables may charge fees for their purposes. Funds
received will be earmarked and used at the discretion of the
officers of the section or round table.

7. The Executive Board may discontinue a section or round
table when in its opinion the usefulness of that section or
round table has ceased, except that a majority of affirmative
votes of members of a section or round table that is still active
be required prior to the Executive BoardTs action.

ARTICLE IX. MEETINGS

1. There shall be a biennial meeting of the Association at
such place and time as shall have been decided upon by the
Executive Board.

2. Special meetings of the Association may be called by the
President; by a quorum of the Executive Board; or on request
of 50 members of the Association.

3. At least 30 daysT notice shall be given for special meetings,
and only business mentioned in the call shall be transacted.

4. Meetings of the Executive Board shall be held upon the
call of the President, or at the request of a quorum of the
members of the Executive Board.

5. There shall be a minimum of four meetings of the Execu-
tive Board during the biennium,

6. Quorum. One hundred voting members, representing at
least ten institutions, shall constitute a quorum of the North
Carolina Library Association.

252"North Carolina Libraries

ARTICLE X. AMENDMENTS

1. Amendments to the Constitution may be voted on only
when a quorum of the Association is present, and shall require
a two-thirds vote of the members present.

2. Notice of the proposed changes in the Constitution shall
be mailed to the membership at least 30 days prior to the
meeting at which a vote is to be taken on the proposed
changes.

BYLAWS
NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION

ARTICLE I. ELECTIONS

1. The President, with the approval of the Executive Board,
shall appoint a Committee on Nominations, which shall include
representatives of the various types of libraries in the North
Carolina Library Association, insofar as is practical.

2. The first Vice-President shall be the President-Elect.

3. Officers. The Committee on Nominations shall present by
November first of the year preceding the election, the names of
two candidates for each of the following offices: First Vice-
President, Second Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and two
Directors-at-Large.

In case the First Vice-President is unable to assume the
Presidency, the Committee on Nominations shall present the
names of two candidates for the office of President.

4. A.L.A. Council Member. The N.C.L.A. representative to the
A.L.A. Council shall be elected for a four-year term as provided
in the A.L.A. Constitution and Bylaws. The names of two
candidates shall be presented for this office.

5. The list of nominees shall be published in North Carolina
Libraries and Tar Heel Libraries.

6. Any member wishing to be placed on the ballot for any
office shall obtain a minimum of 50 signatures of N.C.L.A.
members and submit them to the Chairman of the Committee
on Nominations by April first of the year of election. The
Treasurer will verify the 50 signatures and notify the member
that he will be placed on the ballot.

7. Consent of nominees shall be obtained.

8. A ballot containing spaces for further nominations shall
be prepared by Headquarters Office and mailed to voting
members of the Association by May first prior to the biennial
meeting.

9. Ballots shall be marked and returned to the Headquarters
Office within one month after they have been mailed out.

10. Candidates receiving the majority of votes shall be
declared elected and shall take office at the close of the
biennial meeting.

11. In case of a tie vote the successful candidate shall be
determined by lot.

12. If the regular meeting is cancelled, elections shall be
conducted within the two months prior to the normal time for
such meeting; and the successful candidate shall be announced
in the following issue of the AssociationTs official publication.

ARTICLE IJ. DUTIES OF OFFICERS

1. President. The President shall preside at all meetings of
the Association and of the Executive Board. He shall, with the
advice of the Executive Board, appoint the Editor of North
Carolina Libraries and all committee chairmen and suggest
other committee members. Committees shall be appointed for
special purposes and shall serve until the purposes are
achieved. The President may execute mortgages, bonds,

contracts or other instruments which the Executive Board has
authorized to be executed, except in cases where the signing
and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the
Executive Board or by the Constitution, Bylaws or by statute
to some other officer or agent of the Association. In general he
shall perform all duties as may be prescribed by the Executive
Board.

2. The President is ex-officio a member of all committees
except the Committee on Nominations.

3. First Vice-President/President-Elect. The First Vice-
President serves as President-Elect and presides in the absence
of the President. If it becomes necessary for the First Vice-
President to complete the unexpired term of the President, he
shall also serve his own term as President. In the event of the
First Vice-President becoming President during the unexpired
term of the elected President, the Second Vice-President shall
automatically become First Vice-President and serve in that
office until a new First Vice-President is elected at the next
regular election. The Executive Board shall appoint a Second
Vice-President to serve until the next regular election is held. If
the Second Vice-President is unable to assume the duties of the
First Vice-President, the Executive Board shall appoint a First
Vice-President to serve until the next regular election is held.

4. Second Vice-President. In the absence of the President and
First Vice-President, or in the event of their inability to act, the
Second Vice-President shall perform the duties of the
President, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and
be subject to all of the restrictions upon the President. When
the First Vice-President is presiding and wishes to relinquish
the chair, the Second Vice-President shall preside. While he is
in the chair, he shall have all the powers of, and be subject to
all of the restrictions upon the President. The Second Vice-
President shall be chairman of the Membership Committee. He
shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the
President or the Executive Board.

5. Secretary. The Secretary shall keep a record of the
meetings of the Executive Board, the biennial meetings, and
any special meetings of the Association. In case of a vacancy,
the Executive Board shall appoint a Secretary to serve until
the next regular election is held.

6. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall assist in the preparation of
the budget and keep whatever records of the Association the
President and the Executive Board deem necessary. He will
collect and disburse all funds of the Association under the
instructions of the Executive Board and keep regular accounts,
which at all times shall be open to the inspection of all
members of the Executive Board. He shall handle and keep all
membership records. He shall execute a bond in such sum as
shall be set by the Executive Board, the cost to be paid by the
Association. He shall perform such other duties and functions
as may be prescribed by the Executive Board. The term of
office shall be four years. In case of vacancy, the Executive
Board shall appoint a Treasurer to serve until the next regular
election is held.

7, The Editor of North Carolina Libraries shall send a
report of the biennial meeting and special meetings of the
Association to the Editors of American Libraries, Library
Journal, Southeastern Librarian, and the Wilson Library
Bulletin. The report will also be published in North Carolina
Libraries.

8. The term of office of all officers except the Treasurer shall
commence at the adjournment of the biennial meeting
following their election, or if the biennial meeting cannot be
held, upon their election. The term of office of the Treasurer
shall commence at the end of the fiscal year following his
election.

9. As soon as the ballots have been counted, and the

NCLA Constitution

representative to the American Library Association Council
established, the Headquarters Office shall send to the
American Library Association Constitution and Bylaws
Committee for review of compatibility with the American
Library Association Constitution and Bylaws.

10. The officers and committee chairmen shall deposit in the
Association archives located in the North Carolina State
Library all correspondence, records, and archives not needed
for current use.

ARTICLE II]. MEMBERSHIP

1. Dues shall be collected on a biennial basis. Categories of
membership shall include individual, institutional, contributing,
honorary, and life. Honorary and life members are not assessed
dues.

2. Each member is entitled to the choice of one section or
round table at no additional cost.

3. Association members may be members of additional
sections or round tables by paying additional dues of $4.00
biennially for each section or round table to the Association
and designating the sections or round tables.

4. In the event that the person selects more than one section
or round table, 25% of the biennial dues plus the $4.00 per
additional section or round table dues paid will be distributed
on an equal basis to each section or round table chosen.

5. The fiscal year and the membership year shall be the
calendar year.

6. Members whose dues are in arrears after April 1, of the
last year of the biennium, shall be dropped from the
membership roll.

7. There shall be a registration fee for each person attending
biennial meetings. This fee shall be established by the Executive
Board.

8. New memberships paid during the last quarter of the
fiscal year shall be credited to the following year.

9. Publications. All members of the North Carolina Library
Association including institutional members shall receive the
official periodical publication of the Association and any other
publications that may be so designated. Subscriptions to North
Carolina Libraries and single issues are available to non-
members at a rate recommended by the Editorial Board and
approved by the Executive Board.

10. No changes in the dues structure or policies regarding
membership shall be made without approval of the
membership by a mail vote. A majority of the votes cast shall be
required to make any such change. The Executive Board or the
membership at any duly constituted meeting may initiate such
procedure.

ARTICLE IV, SECTIONS AND ROUND TABLES

1. Sections and round tables must secure the approval of the
Executive Board before making any declaration of policy which
involves the Association as a whole; before soliciting or
receiving funds; or before incurring any expense on behalf of
the Association.

2. The Secretaries of the sections and round tables shall
submit copies of their important papers and reports to the
Association archives located in the North Carolina State
Library.

3. Sections and round tables shall adopt Bylaws which meet
the approval of the Executive Board of the Association.

4, The Chairmen of the sections and round tables shall
submit all bills to the Treasurer for payment from their
allocated funds. Bills in excess of allocated funds must have
the prior approval of the Executive Board.

1985 Winter"253

NCLA Constitution

ARTICLE V. AMENDMENTS ARTICLE VI. PARLIAMENTARY AUTHORITY

1. Amendments to the Bylaws may be voted on only when a Robert's Rules of Order, latest revision, shall be the governing
quorum is present and shall receive a majority vote of the authority in any matter not specifically covered by the
members present. Constitution and Bylaws.

2. Notices of the proposed change in the Bylaws shall be
mailed to the membership at least 30 days prior to the meeting
at which a vote is taken on the proposed change.

ANNOUNCING

A NEW WAY TO MEET YOUR CONTINUING EDUCATION AND STAFF DEVELOPMENT NEEDS

NORTH CAROLINA CENTRAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE'S
OFFICE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION AND LIBRARY STAFF DEVELOPMENT

SErVICeS

Needs Assessments " \We help you or your organization determine your continuing education
and staff development needs.

Workshops " We conduct workshops on a wide range of topics.

Courses and Institutes " We offer full-length courses and special institutes.

Microcomputer Laboratory " We offer hands-on training in the use of microcomputers in
libraries.

For more information on our program and services, contact:
Duncan Smith, Coordinator
Office of Continuing Education and Library Staff Development
School of Library and Information Science
North Carolina Central University

Durham, N.C. 27707

phone: 919-683-6485

919-683-6347

254"North Carolina Libraries

Join NCLA

What is NCLA?

@ the only statewide organization interested in
the total library picture in North Carolina,
whose purpose is to promote libraries and
library service in the state

© an affiliate of the American Library Association
and the Southeastern Library Association, with
voting representation on each council

What are the benefits of membership?

@ provides opportunities for interaction among
those interested in good library service

® entitles you to receive North Carolina Librar-
ies, a quarterly journal, winner of the presti-
gious H. W. Wilson Award in 1981

®@ gives you the opportunity to develop leadership
skills

@ enables you to attend workshops, continuing
education programs, and conferences at re-
duced rates

© keeps you informed on library developments in
the state through an information network and

publications

® gives you individual voting rights in the asso-
ciation

® encourages support staff and paraprofessionals
to join at reduced rates

® entitles you to membership in one of the sec-
tions or roundtables of the association

To enroll as a member of the association or to
renew your membership, check the appropriate
type of membership and the sections or roundta-
bles which you wish to join. NCLA membership
entitles you to membership in one of the sections
or roundtables shown below at no extra cost. For
each additional section, add $4.00 to your regular
dues.

Return the form below along with your check
or money order made payable to North Carolina
Library Association. All memberships are for two
calendar years. If you enroll during the last quar
ter of a year, membership will cover the next two
years.

een ann/Tnmnanmegmeeeeneenn I """"""" ee anEEAanREnEEEEEEEEEEEn nn ennemmaameenend

NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION

__" New membership "_" Renewal ____ Membership no.
Name
First Middle Last
Position
Business Address
City or Town State Zip Code

Mailing Address (if different from above)

CHECK TYPE OF DUES

= SPECIAL-Trustees, paraprofessional and support staff, non-salaries persons,
retired librarians, library school students, oFriends of the Library,� and non-

librarians JF SN EERIE hes EP MGR OE ET CL + calle so geen pices d $15.00
12 LIBRARIANS"earning up to $12,000 ........... eect eee seen eee ee ee $22.00
LIBRARIANS"earning $12,000 to $20,000 ........... sees nese .... $30.00
3 LIBRARIANS"earning over $20,000 .......... 0... cece eee eee $40.00
3 CONTRIBUTING"individual, Association, Firm, etc. interested in the work of

NOWA | ie i PT te nc eS eo ge DENCE TOY ip Se $50.00
CP ANS TIMUMONAC.-SamedOr aILUDGAT OS tig cit ack «alu scynudleislins stead haltos + $50.00
CHECK SECTIONS: One free; $4.00 each additional.
© ChildrenTs o Trustees © Women's Round Table
ed cd a O Ethnic Minorities RT
3 Jr. College © RTSS (Res.-Tech.)
© NCASL (School) Cc JMRT

AMOUNT ENCLOSED $.

SSS

Mail to: Eunice Drum, Treasurer, NCLA, Division of State Library, 109 East Jones Street, Raleigh,

NC 27611.

1985 Winter"255

Institutional membership in the North Carolina
Library Association is an important way to promote
libraries and library service in the state. Libraries
and media, learning resources and information
centers are eligible for institutional membership.
Dues are $50.00 per biennium. NCLA currently has

the following 52 institutional members:

Barber-Scotia College Learning Resources
Center

Bowman Gray School of Medicine,
Carpenter Library

Burroughs Wellcome Company Library

Cape Fear Academy Library

Catawba College Library

Catawba County Library

Cecils Junior College Library

Public Library of Charlotte and
Mecklenburg County

Cleveland County Memorial Library

Columbus County Public Library

Library of Davidson College

Davidson County Library System

Duke University, Perkins Library

�,�ast Carolina University, Joyner Library

Edgecombe County Memorial Library

Elon College Library

Farmville Public Library

Forsyth County Public Library

Gardner-Webb College, Dover Library

Greensboro Public Library

Guilford College Library

Henderson County Public Library

Iredell County Public Library

Public Library of Johnston County and
Smithfield

Livingstone College, Carnegie Library

256"North Carolina Libraries

Methodist College, Davis Library

Montreat-Anderson College, Bell Library

North Carolina Central University, Shepard
Library

North Carolina School of the Arts Library

North Carolina State Library

North Carolina State University, Hill Library

North Carolina Wesleyan College Library

Pack Memorial Public Library (Asheville)

Pender County Library

Randolph County Public Library

Robeson County Public Library

Rockingham County Public Library

St. Mary's College, Kenan Library

Salem Academy and College, Gramley
Library

Sampson-Clinton Public Library

Sandhill Regional Library System

Scotland County Schools

Sheppard Memorial Library (Greenville)

Southern Pines Public Library

Union County Public Library

UNC-Asheville, Ramsey Library

UNC-Chapel Hill, School of Library Science

UNC-Charlotte, Atkins Library

UNC-Greensboro, Jackson Library

UNC-Wilmington, Randall Library

Wake Forest University Library

Western Carolina University, Hunter Library

American Imprints Inventory. File
pictures. 89, 94

Anthony, Robert G. Jr. See Book Reviews
(Snider).

Arnette, Sharon. Receives North Caro-
lina Library Association Memorial
Scholarship. 145

Avery, Mary. pic. 200

Ballentine, Rebecca. See Book Reviews
(Bishir) (Bragg) (Earley).

Barclay, Morgan J. See Book Reviews
(Fales).

Barclay, Morgan J. ed. oNorth Carolina
archival program " A tradition of
excellence�: 98-107

Bates, Nancy F. A twenty-five-year-old

dream becomes a reality. 176-177
In pursuit of state aid. 178-179

Bell, Mertys W. pics. 139, 200

Benfield, Dr. James. Receives NCASL
School Administrator of the Year
Award, pic. 225

Berry, John. pic. 200

Bible, Amanda. pic. 198

Book Reviews.

Barfield, Velma. Woman on Death Row.
248

Bishir, Catherine W., and Earley,
Lawrence S. eds. Early twentieth-
century suburbs in North Carolina:
Essays on history, architecture, and
planning. Reviewed by Rebecca
Ballentine. 185-186

Bradley, Jeff. A traveler's guide to the
Smoky Mountains region. 115

Bragg, Linda Brown. Rainbow roun mah
shoulder. Reviewed by Rebecca
Ballentine. 245-246

Bridgers, Sue Ellen. Sara Will. Reviewed
by Gloria Colvin. 184-185

Brooks, Bruce. The moves make the man.
Reviewed by Diana Young. 113-114

Butler, Lindley S., and Watson, Alan D.,
eds. The North Carolina experience.
An interpretive and documentary
history. Reviewed by Mattie U.
Russell. 58-59

Cain, Robert J., ed. Colonial records of
North Carolina: Records of the
Executive Council, 1664-1734.
Reviewed by William S. Powell. 54-55

Chappell, Fred. I am one of you forever.
Reviewed by Jim Chapman. 180-181

Coastal ghosts: Haunted places from
Wilmington, North Carolina to
Savannah, Georgia. 248

Index to

North Carolina Libraries

Volume 43, 1985

Compiled by Gene Leonardi

Collins, Mike. North Carolina jobhunterTs
handbook: A guide to finding your
best job in North Carolina! Reviewed
by Pat Carpenter. 242

Crow, Jeffrey J., and Hatley, Flora J., eds.
Black Americans in North Carolina
and the South. Reviewed by Robert L.
Byrd. 57-58

Davis, Archie K. Boy Colonel of the
Confederacy: The life and times of
Henry King Burgwyn, Jr. Reviewed by
Everard H. Smith, 244
Eaton, Hubert A. oEvery man should try.�
Reviewed by Beverly Tetterton. 57
Edgerton, Clyde. Raney, A novel.
Reviewed by Alice R. Cotten. 187
Ehle, John. Last one home. Reviewed by
Becky Kornegay. 113
Ervin, Sam J. Jr., Preserving the
Constitution: The autobiography of
Senator Sam J. Ervin, Jr. Reviewed
by Michael Hill. 110
Fales, Robert Martin, M.D. Wilmington
yesteryear. Reviewed by Morgan J.
Barclay. 182-183
Fick, Virginia G. Country college on the
Yadkin: A historical narrative. 115
Finger, John R., The Eastern Band of
Cherokees, 1819-1900. Reviewed by
Eric J. Olson. 52-53
Green, Lewis W. The silence of snakes.
Reviewed by Julie Sanders. 244-245

Hartzer, Ronald B. To great and useful
purpose; A history of the Wilmington
District, U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers. Reviewed by Arlene
Hanerfeld. 112-113

Holcomb, Brent H. comp. Marriages of
Johnston County, North Carolina,
1762-1868. 248

Hoots, Carl C. comp. Cemeteries of
Yadkin County, North Carolina. 115

Hudson, Patricia L. Inns of the Southern
mountains: One hundred scenic and
historic hostelries from Virginia to
Georgia. 248

Hurmence, Belinda, ed. My folks donTt
want me to talk about slavery:
Twenty-one oral histories of former
North Carolina slaves. Reviewed by
Tucker Respess. 56

Jones, Loyal. Minstrel of the
Appalachians: The story of Bascom
Lamar Lunsford. 248

Kelly, Richard. The Andy Griffith Show.

115

MacBryde, Anne Campbell. annot. and

transcr. EllieTs book: The journal kept

by Ellie M. Andrews from January
1862 through May 1865. Reviewed by
Everard H. Smith. 184
McCorkle, Jill. July 7th. Reviewed by
Margaretta Yarborough. 52
McCrary, Mary Jane. Transylvania
beginnings: A history. Reviewed by
Maurice C. York. 181
McGee, Michael H. Separation and
divorce in North Carolina: How to do
it with or without a lawyer. Reviewed
by Timothy L. Coggins. 59-60
Mobley, Joe A. USS North Carolina:
Symbol of a vanished age. 114
Neal, Bill. Bill NealTs Southern cooking.
248
Newton, Suzanne. An end to perfect.
Reviewed by Diane Kessler. 110-111
Parker, Weeks. Fayetteville, North
Carolina: A pictorial history.
Reviewed by Maurice C. York. 241-
242
Pearson, T.R. A short history of a small
place. Reviewed by Virginia A. Moore.
247-248
Phillips, Harry R. Growing and
propagating wild flowers. Reviewed
by Becky Kornegay. 183-184
Puetz, C.J. North Carolina county maps.
Reviewed by Celia D. Poe. 246
Quinn, David Beers. Set fair for Roanoke:
Voyages and colonies, 1584-1606.
Reviewed by Robert J. Cain. 111-112
Raper, Horace W. William W. Holden:
North CarolinaTs political enigma.
Reviewed by Michael Hill. 186-187
Schumann, Marguerite, ed. Grand old
ladies: North Carolina Architecture
during the Victorian era. Reviewed
by Marshall Bullock. 55-56
Schweitzer, George K. North Carolina
genealogical research. Reviewed by
Beth Young. 243
Snider, William D. Helms and Hunt: The
North Carolina Senate race, 1984.

Reviewed by Robert G. Anthony, Jr.
240

South, Chris. Clenched fists, burning
crosses: A novel of resistance. 248

Southern, Michael T. ed. Historic
Montford, Asheville, North Carolina.
Reviewed by Marshall Bullock. 183

Sweezy, Nancy. Raised in clay: The
Southern pottery tradition. Reviewed
by Anna Dvorak. 240-241

Tilley, Nannie M. The R.J. Reynolds
Tobacco Company. Reviewed by
Harry McKown. 181-182

1985 Winter"257

Vickers, James. Chapel Hill: An
illustrated history. Reviewed by
Maurice C. York. 241-242

Whedbee, Charles Harry. Outer Banks
tales to remember. 114

Whisnant, David E. All that is native &
fine: The politics of culture in an
American region. Reviewed by
Richard Shrader. 111

Wilder, Roy, Jr. You all spoken here:
Prepared for the edification &
jollification of readers, writers,
browsers, dialecticians, linguists,
folklorists, etc., and for visitors from
foreign parts who need to parlez-
vous in Cornpone Country. Reviewed
by Nancy Shires. 114

Wrenn, Tony P. Wilmington, North
Carolina: An architectural and
historical portrait. Reviewed by Sue
C. Hiatt. 53-54

Yoder, Edwin M. Jr., The night of the Old
South Ball and other essays and
fables. Reviewed by Jim Chapman.
246-247

Bradburn, Frances Bryant. Developing
your fiction collection " Realistically
speaking. 32-34

Brown, Ricki. pic. 236

Bryan, Jim. Addresses NCLA Documents
Section meeting. 238

Bullock, Marshall. See Book Reviews
(Schumann) (Southern).

Bush, Mary E. Library services at
Broughton Hospital. 138-139

Byrd, Robert J. See Book Reviews (Crow)

Cain, Robert J. See Book Reviews
(Quinn).

Cape Fear Library Association. Union
List of Serials available. 22

Carpenter, Pat. See Book Reviews
(Collins).

Cashwell, Barbara. Merchandising the
collection from the small branch
perspective. 45-46

Central North Carolina School for the
Deaf, Greensboro, pics. 143, 144

Chapman, Jim. See Book Reviews
(Chappell) (Yoder).

Chapman, Peggy. LibrariansT attitudes
toward networking. 47-51

Childress, Michael. I work in a prison.
158-159

Coggins, Timothy L. See Book Reviews
(McGee)

Collins, Melanie. Wins Baker and
Taylor/Junior Members Round Table
Grassroots Grant. Pic. 199

Colvin, Gloria. See Book Reviews
(Bridgers).

Connor, Robert Digges Wimberly. pic. 90

Cotten, Alice R. Collecting North
Caroliana, 29-31

258"North Carolina Libraries

Cotten, Alice R. See Book Reviews
(Edgerton).

Cotten, Alice R., comp. New North Caro-
lina books. 52-60, 110-115, 180-187,
240-248

Councill, Mildred S. Receives NCLA Life
Membership. pic. 197

Crittenden, Charles Christopher. pics.
90, 101, 102

Cumberland County Public Library and
Information Center, Fayetteville. Holds

poster session. pic. 236
Hope Mills branch, pics. 45-46

Daniel, Clifton. Speaks at Queens College
Friends of the Library Luncheon. pic.
63

Daniel, Evelyn H. Named Dean of the
School of Library Science, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill. pic. 148

Davidson County Public Library,
Lexington. pic. 176

Davidson, Laura. pic. 239

Dorsey, Patric. pic. 202

Douglas, Mary Teresa Peacok. pics. 73,
75, 82

Doverspike, Dale E. The PatientsT Library
at Cherry Hospital. 147-148

Drake, Robert E. Sandhills Youth Center
library. 162-163

Dvorak, Anna. See Book Reviews
(Sweezy).

Ebert, Patrice Gaffney.
Collection development in a public
library branch. 39-42
Summarizes Biennial Conference
speech. 217-218
Ezzell, Joline R. Building a serials
collection in an academic library. 23-25

Falls, Elna. pic. 63
Fedora, Arabelle. Supervision of the
libraries in a school system. 172-175
Fenly, Judith G. Name Authority Co-op
(NACO) Project. 228-232
Pic. 228
Flood, Dr. Dudley E. pic 215
To address Biennial Conference. 116
Forsyth County Public Library, Winston-
Salem. Holds poster session. pic. 237
Fowler, Linda. pic. 225
Freeman, Janet. pic. 202

Gamee, Budd L. A firm persuasion: The
career of Mary Peacock Douglas. 72-86

Gholston, Betty J., and Lancaster, P.T. A
prisonTs library " A look inside. 160-
161

Goldstein, Eleanor. Receives NCLA
Honorary Membership. pic. 197

Goldstein, Elliot. Receives NCLA
Honorary Membership. pics. 197, 198

Hanerfeld, Arlene. See Book Reviews
(Hartzer).

Hansel, Patsy J. Introduction. 4
Pic. 139

Hardee, Nancy. See Kemper, Robert C.
pic. 137

Hardison, Senator Harold W. Receives
NCLA Honorary Membership. pic. 197

Harrell, Carroll M. NCASL Research
Grant proposal funded. 204

Henderson County Public Library.
Friends publish library volunteer
booklet. 109

Hiatt, Sue C. See Book Reviews (Wrenn).

Hill, Michael. See Book Reviews (Ervin)
(Raper).

Historical Foundation of the
Presbyterian and Reformed Churches,
Montreat. pic. 93

Holley, Edward G. Foreward. 70-71
Pic. 108

Huguelet, Eugene. Faculty vs. staff
selection: Collection development in
the academic library. 15-16

Humphreys, Josephine. Speaks at
Queens College Friends of the Library
Luncheon. pic. 63

Johnson, Mike, and Morris, Sandra.
Organizing and establishing a prison
library. 151-155

Jones, Cindy. pic. 237

Jones, H.G. pic. 102

Josey, E.J. Greetings: Concerns on access
to information. 203-204

Kemper, Robert C., and Hardee, Nancy.
OBerry Center resident library. 135-
137

Kerr, M.E. Addresses North Carolina
Association of School Librarians
meeting. pic. 227

Kessler, Diane. See Book Reviews
(Newton).

Killian, Jake. pic. 202

Kornegay, Becky. See Book Reviews
(Ehle) (Phillips).

Lachenman, Carol P. Beyond books. 149-
150

Lacy, Dan Mabry. pic. 92

Lancaster, P.T. See Gholston, Betty J.

Lanier, Gene D.
Addresses North Carolina Senate

Judiciary Committee. 189

Candidate for ALA Council. 196
Receives NCLA and SIRS Intellectual
Freedom Awards. Pic. 198

Laudati, Geraldine. Development of a
collection: The music library at East
Carolina University. 26-28

Lemmon, John. Addresses NCLA Public
Library Section. 235-236

Lewis, Carol Gaston. Receives first East
Carolina University Library Science
Professional Society Honorary
Membership. 163

Lovett, Valerie W. Balancing the books.
10-11

Lubans, John Jr. Candidate for ALA
Council. 196

Lyon, Mary Lou. Use of a microcomputer
with residents and staff at a state
institution serving mentally retarded
persons. 166-170

McGinnis, Joe. Remarks on Fatal Vision.
219-226
Pic. 219

McKown, Harry. See Book Reviews
(Tilley).

McManus, Johnnie M. Library service at
the North Carolina Special Care
Center. 146

McMullen, Dr. Haynes. pic. 108

McMurtrie, Douglas Crawford. pic. 88

McPhail, David. Life and work. 212-216

Mann, Sallie E. Approval plans as a
method of collection development. 12-
14

Marion High School. Book Week display.
pic. 76

Martin, Dorothy. pic. 234

Martin, Governor James G. pics. 216, 234

Michaud, John. Finding the line. 156-157

Miller, Representative George W. Jr.,
Receives NCLA Honorary Membership.
pic. 198

Moeller-Peiffer, Kathleen. Candidate for
ALA Council. 196

Moore, Virginia A. See Book Reviews
(Pearson)

Morris, Sandra. See Johnson, Mike.

Murdock Center, Butner. pic. 169

Myrick, James R. Introduction:
Institutional libraries in North
Carolina. 133-134

Myrick, Pauline F. Profile. 195-196
Pics. 139, 196, 239

Newsome, Albert Ray. pic. 92

North Carolina Community Colleges.
Union COM catalog available. 86

North Carolina. Division of State Library.
Pics. (c 1914) 91, (1969) 101

North Carolina Library Association.
Announces availability of 1986

scholarships. 145
Biennial Conference, 1985.

Awards and resolutions. 197-202

Exhibits. pic. 201

Meeting reports. 235-238

Tentative schedule. 116-117
Conference Committee. pic. 201
Constitution and Bylaws.

As amended October, 1985, 251-254

Recommended changes. 121-123
Documents Section.

Biennial Conference Program. 238
Executive Board, 1983-1985. pic. 206
Executive Board. Minutes

10/12/84. 61-63

1/25/85. 119-121

4/12/85. 190-192

7/19/85, 249-251
Futures Committee.
Calls for input. 86
Intellectual Freedom Committee.
Biennial Conference activities. 236
Successfully initiates Library
Privacy Act passed by General
Assembly. 188-189
Wins ALA Intellectual Freedom
Round TableTs State Program
Award. 145
Library Resources Committee. Biennial
Conference program. 235
Nominating Committee. Announces
1985-87 election results. 157
North Carolina Association of School
Librarians.
Announces 1985-87 election
results. 157
Research Grant proposal
guidelines. 117-118

Public Library Section.
Audio-Visual Committee program
report. 235-236
Conference displays. pic. 210, 226
Public Relations'Ts Committee PR
Award winners. Pic. 199
Resources and Technical Services
Section.
Biennial conference grant
available. 34
Cataloging Interest Group Biennial
Conference program. 237
Collection Development and Serials
Interest Groups Biennial
Conference program. 237
Round Table on the Status of Women
in Librarianship.
oDress for Success� program. pic.
222
Treasurer's report. (1/1/85-3/31/85).
124
Trustees Section.
Biennial Conference program. 238

O'Berry Center resident library,
Goldsboro. pics. 136, 137

Olson, Eric J. See Book Reviews (Finger).

O'Shea, H. William. Receives NCLA Life
Membership. pic. 197

Owens, Major R. Today's economic and
political climate and what it means for
libraries. 205-211

Park, Leland M. From the President. 2,
68-69, 131-132

Pics. 139, 234, 239
Paynter, David. Receives 1983-85 Ray

Moore Award. 198
Pettit, Mike. pic. 165
Petty, Dr. Charles V.

To address Biennial Conference. 116
Poe, Celia D. See Book Reviews (Puetz).
Powell, William S. See Book Reviews

(Cain).

Privette, B. Annette. NCASL Research
grant proposal funded. 204
Receives Query-Long Scholarship.
145

Queens College, Charlotte. Library
sponsors Friends of the Library Book
and Author Luncheon. 63

Ragan, Dr. Samuel T. Receives NCLA
Honorary Membership. pic. 198

Respess, Tucker. See Book Reviews
(Hurmence)

Rochelle, Gary. Wins Junior Members
Round Table Young Librarian Award.
pic. 199

Rockingham County Public Library,
Eden. Holds poster session. pic. 239

Rosenzweig, Sue. Young adolescents and
libraries. 217-218 (Report of speech)

Russell, Mattie U. See Book Reviews
(Butler)

Russell, Robert C.

Collection development in a
municipal public library. 35-38

Receives 1983-85 Ray Moore Award.
198

Sanders, Anne D. The Hatteras Library:
Asmall unit in a regional system. 43-44

Sanders, Julie. See Book Reviews
(Green).

Scott, Ralph Lee. Libraries, books, and
culture. 108-109

Sharpe, Wrenn. Library services for

deaf students. 143-145
Pic. 143
Sheppard, Jan. North Carolina State
Library NACO Project. 233-234
Pic. 233

Shires, Nancy. See Book Reviews
(Wilder).

Shivers, Louise. Speaks at Queens
College Friends of the Library
Luncheon. pic. 63

Shoffner, Linda. Receives North Carolina
Library Association Memorial
Scholarship. 145

Shrader, Richard. See Book Reviews
(Whisnant).

Smith, Everard H. See Book Reviews
(Davis) (MacBryde).

Smith, Marti. pic. 202

Southern Correctional Center, Troy. pics.
152, 153, 154

Speller, Dr. Benjamin F. Jr. Appointed
Dean of North Carolina Central
University School of Library and
Information Science. pic. 211

Stewart, Alva.

Letter to the Editor. 66

Tetterton, Beverly. See Book Reviews
(Eaton).

Thompson, James H. The system of
allocations from the book budget at
UNC-G, 17-19

Thornburg, Lacy H.

To address Biennial Conference. 116

Thornton Library, Oxford. pic. 205

Thornton Library, Oxford. pic. 205

1985 Winter"259