Artwork and Prints

1909, 1949-1994, 2015, undated
The Country Doctor Museum Manuscript Collection, CD 01.79
Creator(s)
Country Doctor Museum (Bailey, Nash County, N.C.)
Physical description
1.48 Cubic Feet
Preferred Citation
Artwork and Prints (CD 01.79), The Country Doctor Museum, at The William E. Laupus Health Sciences Library, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Repository
Laupus Library History Collections
Access
No restrictions

Artwork and prints, primarily oversized, found in Country Doctor Museum items. Includes prints from "A History of Pharmacy in Pictures," "A History of Medicine in Pictures," "History of Anesthesia in Pictures," "Gay Philosopher" by Henry Major, "Pioneers of American Medicine" by Dean Cornwell, and other prints.


Biographical/historical information

"Great Moments in Pharmacy" is a 40 oil painting series thought of by George A. Bender, a pharmacist, during the Great Depression. He was inspired by a series of illustrations depicting episodes in the history of surgery sponsored by Davis & Geck, and then another series of prints, "Search and Research", sponsored by Abbott Laboratories. Bender approached Abbott Laboratories about doing a similar series for pharmacy, but was turned down. Close to ten years later in 1947, Bender joined Parke-Davis as editor of its house organ, "Modern Pharmacy", and within a month began putting out feelers about his old idea, a history of pharmacy in pictures. In 1949, Bender wrote and submitted a seven-page proposal to Parke-Davis executives. In it, he provided estimated costs for 27 paintings and identified the advantages that such a project would provide to the sponsoring firm. His proposal was approved.

Bender was dissatisfied with the quality of work and the prices of many early contenders from various commercial art firms. One artist did interest him, and Bender gave him a trial assignment to produce the Christmas cover for "Modern Pharmacy". The artist was Robert A. Thom. Thom was selected as the artist for the series and began working on the 40 most important events in pharmacy's history. Bender rounded out his project team by seeking historical guidance from the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy in Madison, Wisconsin.

Some paintings would be done in four weeks, while others took four months to complete. All 40 paintings were exhibited together for the first time at the 1956 American Pharmaceutical Association Annual Meeting in Detroit. Pharmacists and the public requested the pharmacy series so Parke-Davis made them available in three media: gatefold inserts in "Modern Pharmacy", art prints suitable for framing, and window displays for enhancement of the professional décor of pharmacies.

In 1953, Parke-Davis Vice President Carl Johnson suggested that a similar series should be developed for the history of medicine. Four years later, "A History of Medicine in Pictures" began publication in the January 1957 issue of the Parke-Davis journal "Therapeutic Notes". Prints of both series were published in book form in 1966 by Northwood Institute Press.

The "Gay Philosopher" was originally done by Henry Major from 1945 to 1953 for Brown and Bigelow Advertising. During this time, Major painted about ten Gay Philosopher paintings. The series was used on a wide range of items: poster calendar, direct mail blotters, greeting cards, postcards, playing cards, glassware, and metal and chalkware busts.

After Major's death in 1953, Clair V. Fry who was the art director at Brown and Bigelow Advertising in New York City, was tasked with carrying on the character for advertising purposes. Fry continued to paint "The Philosopher" until 1973. Out of respect for Major, Fry never signed any images that he painted of this character, allowing collectors to quickly identify the artist.

"Pioneers of American Medicine" was commissioned in 1939 by the Wyeth Laboratories. Dean Cornwell produced six paintings for the series. He produced just one painting a year due to his need for extensive research. Wyeth first turned the paintings into posters and magazine ads, and then published them as a small booklet in 1945. The six paintings depict: Ephraim McDowell performing abdominal surgery; William Proctor establishing American pharmacy; Oliver Wendell Holmes combating puerperal fever; army doctors Walter Reed, Jesse Lazear, and James Carroll fighting yellow fever; army surgeon William Beaumont with his famous patient, Alexis St. Martin, making discoveries in digestive physiology; and William Osler teaching at Old Blockley.

The "History of Anesthesia, 1842 – 1898" is a collection of four wall art medical photos. Each picture illustrates health professionals and their use of anesthesia. The creator and date of creation is unknown. Each of these works is part of the series, "Giant Steps in the History of Anesthesia." "Dr. August Brier – August 16, 1898" depicts his performance of the first spinal anesthetic on a surgical patient. The artwork "William Morton – Boston, Massachusetts – 1846" illustrates Morton's first use of ether-induced surgical anesthesia in a hospital setting. "Dr. Crawford W. Long – Jefferson, Georgia – 1842" demonstrates his use of ether inhalation as a form of anesthesia. "Queen Victoria – April 7, 1853" shows the Queen being administered chloroform as an anesthetic during the birth of her eighth and youngest son, Prince Leopold.


Scope and arrangement

Artwork and prints, primarily oversized, found in Country Doctor Museum items. Includes prints from "A History of Pharmacy in Pictures," "A History of Medicine in Pictures," "History of Anesthesia in Pictures," "Gay Philosopher" by Henry Major, "Pioneers of American Medicine" by Dean Cornwell, and other prints. The collection has 21 of 40 "History of Pharmacy" prints; 5 of 45 "History of Medicine" prints; and 3 of 6 "Pioneers of American Medicine" prints.


Administrative information
Custodial History

Donor information unknown.

2019 August 10: 4 "History of Anesthesia in Pictures" prints, 1 journal issue. Gift of Brenda McKean.

2019 July 30: Baby's Journal, Look magazine, Nightingale print. Gift of Annie Anderson.

2019 November 20: Shire Album medical publications. Gift of Robert A. Strickland.

Source of acquisition

Donor information unknown.

Gift of Brenda McKean.

Gift of Annie Anderson.

Gift of Robert A. Strickland.

Processing information

Processing revised by Ashley Williams, 2015. Updated by Layne Carpenter, 2017, 2020, and 2021. Updated by Kaleah Braswell, 2019.

Copyright notice

Literary rights to specific documents are retained by the authors or their descendants in accordance with U.S. copyright law.


Language of material

English

Related material

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series One, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1957.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Two, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1958.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Three, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1959.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Four, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1960.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Five, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1961.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Six, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1962.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Seven, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1963.

A History of Medicine in Pictures: Series Eight, Laupus Library, History Collection, WZ 40 B458H 1964.


Container list
Box 1 Folder 1 China, 2000 B.C., 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 1 China, 2000 B.C., 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 1 Terra Sigillata, 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 1 Terra Sigillata, 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 1 Theophrastus, 350 B.C., 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 2 Mithridates, 100 B.C., 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 2 Pedanios Dioscorides (50-100 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 2 Galen (131-201 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 2 Monastic Pharmacy (5th to 12th centuries), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 2 Monastic Pharmacy (5th to 12th centuries), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 3 First Apothecary Shop (754 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 3 First Apothecary Shop (754 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 3 Avicenna- The "Persian Galen" (980-1037 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 3 Separation of Pharmacy and Medicine (1240 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 3 The First Official Pharmacopoeia (1498 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 4 The Society of Apothecaries (1617 A.D.), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 4 Serturner, First Alkaloid Chemist (About 1816), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 4 Caventou, Pelletier, and Quinine (About 1820), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 4 American Pharmacy Builds Its Foundations (1821), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 4 The Shakers and Medicinal Herbs (About 1830), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 5 The American Pharmaceutical Association (Founded in 1852), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 5 European and American Pharmacy Meet (1867), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 5 The Standardization of Pharmaceuticals (About 1883), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 5 Stanislas Limousin, Pharmacal Inventor (About 1886), 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 5 The Development of Chemotherapy, 1949-1956
Box 1 Folder 6 History of Pharmacy in Pictures Portfolio and Info Cards, 1956
Box 1 Folder 7 The Code of Hammurabi, 1957
Box 1 Folder 7 The Temples and Cult of Asclepius, 1957
Box 1 Folder 7 Ambroise Pare - Surgery Acquires Stature, 1957
Box 1 Folder 7 Vesalius and the Anatomy of Man, 1957
Box 1 Folder 7 James Lind - Conqueror of Scurvy, 1957
Box 1 Folder 7 Info Cards for Ambroise Pare and James Lind, 1959
CD01.79.03.01.01 Beaumont and St. Martin, undated
CD01.79.03.01.02 The Father of American Pharmacy, undated
CD01.79.03.01.03 Osler at Old Blockley, undated
CD01.79.03.01.04 That Mothers Might Live, undated
CD01.79.03.02.01 The Philosopher's Offspring, undated
CD01.79.03.02.02 End of a Perfect Day, undated
CD01.79.03.02.03 The Philosopher's Wife, undated
CD01.79.03.02.04 American Frolic, undated
CD01.79.03.02.05 Why Worry?, undated
CD01.79.03.02.06 [untitled boy], undated
Box 1 Folder 10 View of Heart by Da Vinci, undated
CD01.79.03.04.01 Pharmaceutical Still-life, 1953
CD01.79.03.04.02 Two Majolica Ointment Jars from Rotterdam (from 16th century), 1960
CD01.79.03.04.03 Italian Faience Drug jar (early 16th century), 1960
CD01.79.03.04.04 Untitled painting with boats, undated
CD01.79.03.04.05 The Doctor by Lee Roberson, 1978
CD01.79.03.04.06 The Country Doctor by Dale Conway, 1989
CD01.79.03.04.07 Two Postcard Prints, undated
CD01.79.03.05.01 Angiers Petroleum Emulsion, undated
CD01.79.03.05.02 "Testing the New Apparatus for Deep-sea Sounding, on Coral Reefs of the Pacific" by W. Heath Robinson, 1909
CD01.79.03.05.03 Physician Struggling with Death for Life by Ivo Saliger, undated
CD01.79.03.05.04 The Doctor by Luke Fildes, undated
CD01.79.03.05.05 Field Hospital Postcard, undated
CD01.79.03.06.01 Print of black and white painting of Louis Pasteur by A. Edelfelt, undated
CD01.79.03.06.02 Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) line drawing, undated
CD01.79.03.06.03 Sepia colored, life-like drawing of Louis Pasteur, undated
Box 1 Folder 18 History of Anesthesia: The Making of Our Heritage , Spring 1994
Box 1 Folder 19 The Baby's Journal by S. Alice Bray, 1885
Box 1 Folder 20 Look Magazine Article about the Miss NC Student Nurse Contest, 1949 June 7
Box 1 Folder 21 Nightingale Print, 2015
Box 1 Folder 22 Shire Album Medical Publications, 1981, 1994
Box 1 Folder 14 Dr. Crawford W. Long Jefferson, Georgia, 1842
Box 1 Folder 15 William Morton Boston, Massachusetts, 1846
Box 1 Folder 16 Queen Victoria , 1853 April 7
Box 1 Folder 17 Dr. August Bier , 1898 August 16