Abstract:
Shenandoah skipper James Iredell Waddell fought the Union until the very end of the Civil War. The Confederate vessel sailed to the Pacific Ocean to attack the Union whaling fleet and escorts in 1864. The Shenandoah defeated 38 Union vessels in the 17-month expedition. Waddell surrendered upon his return after the last Confederate army had capitulated. After the war he took command of the Chesapeake Bay patrol boats before he died in 1886.