Monday. July 19, 1965

Handsome Dividend For Taxpayersj

Greenville taxpayers received a handsome extra dividend from their city-owned utilities system a few days when the Utilities Gommission approved an extra turnover of $100,000 to the

pension program without the necessity of bonds even for sewer and water facilitiesand at the

same-time granting rcduction-in it electrical rates. During the past year rate reductions in the amount municipal general fund for ^he current fiscal year, of $160,000 annually have been granted domestic The amouiit of extra tuniovcr is equivalent to electric customers. Earlier the Utilities Commis-the revenue the city could expert from about 18 sion reduced electric rates for industrial and com-cents added to its tax rate. It' means tl^ city will be mercial customers on its lines, able to provide an additional $100,Om) in services Compared with moat other municipal utility and facilities for its citizens this year without havng operations in North Carolina, the Greenville Utilities to add the equivalent tax rale in order to get the provide^a shining example of what can be achieved

for the benefit of citizens through sound policies,^ planning and efficient operations.

>\v*'

Mariner 4 Opens New

revenue.

It is a tribute to those men responsible for the utilities operations that this city-owned facility is financially in a position to pay such an extra amount into the city budget in one year without jeopardizing its own operations or its expansion program.

Under the formula established to govern the _

normal turnover of municipal funds to the municipal T ^ CWCk

general fund, the city could have expected $191,000 * V/ JiVAXV/ w ^

during the current fiscal year. This extra dividend -____i: u j u

will bring the total turnover to $291,000, or an by Manner our on its

amount equivalent to what would be raised through ipn J f f

through about 63 centa added to the local tax rate. u,!" ^ today a sophisticated society when

It should be kept in mind that the Utilities has *^ matter of

From 13 million milea out in spacegive or take a few thousand^the space craft has responded

\

jsr-^c^r

been able to do this w'hile financing its own ex-

Rebuffs Helpec. Make Decision

Ry WUXIAM A. SHIRES

ARCHIE WlUiam C. Ar-chie, as volatile and sensitive a man who ever served in a high polk^ making post In state government, dedd e d many weeim ago that he should resign as $25,000^year director of the bc^urd of Higher Education.

It was a decision which Archies associates feel was brtwght about primarily by disappolntinent and indirect rebuffs rather than by direct political pressure.

It was protiabty a reluctant dedsk. But when Dr. Archies redgnation waa announced last week, It pointed up a basic conflict between his personal convtetions and views and political practicalities about the role of the board of Higher EducaUon, and the voice it should have. This, In moftem society, is one of the moot difficult areas of government In which to have tdal agreement on all sides.

And, It is recognised that this cwifUct, In recent months, had resulted in a claeh of personalities. Dr. Archie concluded it would be better to leave.

Our temperament and talents, such as they are, he said, appear to be better lit-ed to university life and ac* tlvltles.

He is going back to the campus. After four years of re-

8B1BES

peated controversy and frequent political in fighting which both baffled and dla-mayed him. Dr. Archie wiU become dean of Arts and Sciences at Delaware Univeralty.

BLOWS He leaves North Carolina with a senae of accomplishment and at r 0 n g feeling thM he hae helped the cause of higher educiUioa in the state.

He felt that the poUciea he rec(mimended were both sound and far . sighted, and alwiye in the best intererts of a broad spectrum of higher educaticm wMch the of North Car-olhia could afford.

One of Dr. Archie's supreme nnxnents came two years ago when the General Assembly enacted a far-reach

ing Higher Education act of 1963 which defined the ^>ecl-flc roles of various state-supported instituttons of higher education.

'Hile, he felt, was legislative authority for the Board of Hlghwr Educatiwi to carry out its work and Implement ita policies In an orderly step - bystep manner. Within a few months, however, opposing fwces were at work. When the 1965 General Assembly convened, there was an atmos-Irtiere of open hostMy toward many of the recoj^endiUioiw and budget prei^tatlons of the board of Higtur Education.

The blows began to fall, first in budget considerations and then In other areaa.

LEGISLATIVE - Dr. Ap-chie, backed by the then - constituted board. sujM>orted the move to bring Charlotte College into the University of North Carolina system as a fourth campus.

This was aig>roved early in the legislative session, but few legislators were willing to give the Higher EducatUm board credit for smoothing the way. Instead, it was accomplished by a bloc which would later attack and criticize many of the boards recommendations.

The legislature turned a deaf ear on uiy suggestion Uiat a bond issue be jaihmit-ted to finance capital Impivve-ments for higher education, and a board opposed proposal for a study of a two - year medical school at East Carolina College was approved overwhelmingly.

The crowning blow, however, waa a move late in the session to abolish the Board of Higher Education and transfer its responsibilities to the State Board of Elducati(m.

This appeared almost certain of approval untU Gov. Dan K. Moore stepped in and said he felt the board served a needed purpose. He saved it with a plan to reorganise the board and re-define its duties.

Dr. Archies decision by then was made. He remained silent, and waited for several weeks until the new board was awwlnted by the governor before disclosing that he will leave.

NAMES It has been much easier lately to guess Ums names with the right Jobs.

In more than one case, the name of a Moore political supporter has been linked to a certain }ob and it turned out to be wrong. Then, however, the person would be ap-(Continued On Page 6)

The Doily Reflector

INCORPORATID

DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Oitlrmsn of Ths Board

Published Every Afterrtoon Except Surtday Established 1882 JOHN $. WHICHARD-DAVID J. WHICHARD Pubiishert

Entered aL Post Office. Qveenvillt. N. C. aa'seooad da mall matter.

SUiSCIUPTION RAT8S By Carrief (In Towns) Week 30c

By Cerrter (Motor Routes) Week 3Sc

By MAIL, Piyeble In Advenco

Greenville Post Office, PiU Coun^', RobtraonviUe. Vanceboro, Washlngum and Cbc^winity.

Three Months ................... t.W

Six Months ............................. TjOO

One Year gIS.OO

North Carolina (other than Usted above)

Three Months ............ 4.00 .

Six Months .................... 750 '

One Year ....................... $14.00

Plus S% N. a 8iO Tax All Other Outside North CaroUna

Three Months ......... 4.30

Six Months ................. S50

One Year ......... $19.00

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use tor publication aU news dispatches credited to It, or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news pupbUshed herein. All rights of publications of special dispatches here are also rwwrved.

Mmbo' Audit Bureau ol Chrcuiatioi).

Ail advertising cof^ must be received at least one day before pubUcaUoo datf.

as planned to instructions from earth. It has radioed back photoirraphic images of the distant planet and a wealth of other information never before available to earth scientists.

It will take months, indeed years, for scientists to fully evaluate the information gathered by Mariner Four. It will broaden immeasurably mans information of the planet on which his interest has been focused for centuries. It is doubtful that the information'will conclusively answer the old question of whether life exists on the far planet, but unquestionably it will provide scientists with far t J more accurate Information on which to base their educated guesstes than has ever been available to

them before.

Man's ability to successfully make deep probes into space and from these probes gather great stores of new information has successfully been demonstrated by the Mariner Four project. It sets ajar

important new doors for U. S. space scientists . . . o -rix di i^i_i\a/ai rN

doors which will be opened wider in the future as ART BUCHWALl/

further scientific investigation is made of the universe.

It is another important feather in the cap of American space scientists and one which in many respects surpasses even the spactacular manned space flights of the new age in which we live.

^Lives of great men all remind us We can make our fires sublime, And, dqiarting, kare behind us Footprints on the sands of time.^

A Sociologists Report

r

me Of Heoc.

^ r^ioneers

Start

By WINFRED L. GODWIN

In Georgia Techs sprawling, ultra-modern Electrical Engineering Building, some 800 elenusntary echool teache r a. Negro and white, were at woiX in a model child development center equipped with a Jungle Jim. a home living center, hand puppets, converaation a 1 records, fUm strips, docka and roadway aigns.

They were pioneering Project Head Start, the natlona crash program to train teachers to operate some 40j000 child development center to prepare deprived pre - achod childrtn to enter the first grade. Some thirty colleges and universities throughout the South are now participating in the initial training program.

In the burgeoning claxa on the Tech cammis that day waa A apry, greying. enthusiasUo teacher from Royston, a tiny (population 2500) cotton mill and poultry town in middle Georgia. After her six - day crash program in Atlanta, she waa ready to open a center In Royaton. Her 45 pupils, an Integrated group d pre-school youngsters, would be drawn from the ramshackle, one-room tharc croppers shacks that dotted the area.

In an eight. week program, she would have to prepare them to enter the first grade. These are childrai whovS never held a book in their hands, never tasted an (Uange. never had a toy, never heard of a wwld beyond their own dooryards, she said.

She was well aware of handicaps that would have to be overcome If her pupdls were to survive the first grade. She knew they had it>bably never seen a doctor or a dentist, that most of them suffered from malnutrition. Ctom i n g from families who talked mainly in monosyllables, she expected them to be handicapped in their aWUty to communicate verbally. With generations of oppresslcm behind them, they would view people outside the family as strange CM* threatening. Even at six years of age. they had probably experienced repeated failures which had badly shaken their confidence and their sense of worth. Their parents, most of whiwn were iUlterate, would have given them little

motivation for learning.

But with years of teaching behind her, the training she had just received on the Tech campus from University of Georgia Instructors and her own enthusiasm for Pro j e c t Head Start, she felt, if not equiiH^ted, at least ready and eager to meet her new pupils in the Royston schoolhouse.

In mid-July, when the CThild Development Centers get underway. the pace will increase, drawing on the resources of the community to prepare some one million impoverished and neglected youngsters to succeed not only in the first grade but in the long educational process necessary to economic opportunity and self realization.

Youngsters, drawn from families living cm an income of $3000 or less, wiD be given physical and dental attention and a program of immunization. Volunteers, working with instructors, will study all the needs of the individual family, ranging from such basic physical necessities as shoes and clothing to insti-uctlon in nutrition, budgeting and home-making. As for the children, their carefully planned p r o-gram is designed to heighten their ability to learn and includes an introduction to books, music and art, new experiences such as trips to the zoo, games to encourage verbal expression and a sensitive e^ fort to encourage self confidence and motivation.

Once again, as with the VISTA program (Domes tic Peace Corps), the Job Corps and the Peace Corps, government (gganlzatlons are relying heavily on the resources of colleges and universities. Educators may argue that universities, already beset by spiral-ing enrollments, faculty shortage and physical inadequacies, should not assume such added burdens. But its difficult to argue with the kind of success reflected In the statement (rf one trainee: Project Head Start is really Project Catch Up. We i^cwld have dealt with these youngsters years ago. The University <rf Georgia has capsuled a four-year chd development course in a week. If I hadnt gone through it. I wouldnt have believed It possible.

The resort towns are having their problems this year. It appears that more and more high school and college students of good families are showing up at resorts, not to rest, but to tear the towns apart.

Sociologists, psychiatrists and anthropologists have been studytig the phenomena for some time now to discover why American youth go on rampages every summer.

I decided to do a survey of my own and went to a rek>rt whre a riot had just begun.

I asked a student who was about to throw a brick through a glass store window, Why are you doing that?

I guess, he said, because my parents dont understand me. We have no communication and they give me too much mwiey.

He heaved the brick Into the window. Perhaps now theyll understand.

I stow>ed a young man who was driving his motorcycle on

the sidewalk. Pardon me, could you please tell me why youre driving your motorcycle on the sidewalk?

I want to be noticed. All that kids crave is a little at-tentitm. We have anxieties but no one realizes it. All grown-uwi teU you Is 'Dont drive your motorcycle cm the sidewalk.* But nobody tells you why.

I went over to the police station where four students were trying to set it on fire.

Why are you trying to set the police etaticHi cm fire? I asked them.

One of them replied, I guess its because my father never beat me when I was a kid. If he had given me a good whalloping then I iM*obably wouldnt be doing this now. Thats funny, the second kid said. The reason Im doing it is because my father beat me all the time. This is my way of flouting authority and getting even with him. The third boy said, Were

Other

New

Editors

Solicitor

Saying

Genera',

BUCHWALD

(Richmond News Leader)

The appointment of Thur-good Marshall as Uni ted States Solicitor General doubtless will lay a large egg in deepest Dixie, Imt it will find llttlte criticism among members of the bar who have had an opportunty to witness this competent man in action.

The inevitable speculation, of course, will be that Marshall relinquished his lifetime appointment as a judge of the Second U.S. Circuit in order to receive further grooming for a promised appointment to the U. S. Supreme Court. It may well be so. At the same time, any additional legal build u p probably was unnecessary, for the Second (Circuit is just below tte peak of judicial eminence, Marshalls experience on that busy tribunal, these past three years, has exposed him to a variety of cases outside his own field of expertise in civil rights. Members of the New York bar have described him as an excellent Judge, dignified, good humored, thorough, hard - working.

This was the impression

many Southern lawyers form-ed of Marshall in the years he was beating their heads off in segregation cases. Some of the other Negro lawyers in these cases were supercilious, arrogant, cocksure, and often clumsy in their conduct cases at trial. Marshall, a great bear of a man, proved a skill-iul antagonist in the courtroom and a ideasant conversationalist outside. He had a rich store of lawyer stories, and was unfailingly helpful in his relations with the press.

As Solicitor General, he wlU succeed Archibald Cox, a former Harvard professor. Mr. Cox had but one fault: he was insufferable. Judge Marshall may not be as ixmctiliously scholarly as his impeccable predecessor, but he will bring to his case before the Supreme Court a rich background as a trial lawyer. And if the foreseeable political currents of our times dictate the appointment of a Negro to the high court, the Republic and the South will survive tbs experience of another Marshall on the bench.

If they hadnt told me not to play with matches when I was a kid. I might not feel this way about wanting to overturn the truck.

I went down to the beach to interview several couples on the boardwalk who were dancing without any clothes on.

1 asked a girl who she felt was respcMisible for her behavior.

Society. she said, as she made me do the frug. Were victims of a materialistic society and were terribly confused. Our sex mores have disintegrated and we all have a subconscious fear of the bomb.

I tried to continue the interview in the paddy wagon, since the police wouldnt believe I was a sociologist.

Whats the charge? the desk sergeant asked.

The patrolman said. Dancing on the boardwalk with a nude girl whose parents dont understand her.

trying to find a place in the sun. Were caught between being treated like adults and at the same time they wont let us vote. Burning down a police stotion is our way oi saying, Were grown up and should be given more respon-sihUlty.

I asked Uie fourth boy why he was doing it. I wlah I knew. I keep searching for an answer but I cant find one.

I wandered over to where a group was trying to overturn a fire truck and I a^ed one of the boys why he was doing it.

I may be drafted in two or three years, he said, and I may never get another chance to overturn a fire truck. I might regret It for the rest <rf my Hfe.

"rhen you dont blame your parents for what youre doing?

Wen, I wouldnt say

theyre completely blameless.

ART

Rather Quig Rerioo

toy JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1965, King Features Syndipate, me.

At the time of the All-Star baseball game in irid-July the shape of the season^ the major leagues is pretty firmly es-tabUsbed. The teams that are one - two - three at mid-summer will be right up there in September. The New York Mets and the Kansas City Athletics will finish last. The waning summer days have brought eurprises in the past, as when the old Boston Braves itxte up eight places in eight or ten weeks, but the law of averages is dlMlnct-ly againrt this sort of thing.

By analogy, dare we take heart because, at All - Star time, the winter prophecies that it would be a long, hot summer in the slums of the big cities had not been fulfilled? llie shape of the season here could set. The success ot the civU rights proponents in carrying forward their fight in the halls of Congress has already bad its reflex in at least a comparativf restoration of pati^ce to the streets. The premisa of preschool summer education has had its effect. The history of the middle Nineteen Thirties, which opened with a spate of labor violence and closed with peaceful agreements between the newly - fledged CIO and the big automobile and steel companies, could be more of less repeating itself on tba civil rights fnmt today.

It has always stood to reason that long, hot summers must at some point run Into the law of diminishing returns. Violence must either go forward into revolution or give way to common sense adjustment of Issues. The Automobile Workers in the Thlrt lea couldnt sit In forever; they had to keep General Motors and Ford going because it is production, not violence, that keeps labor itself supplied with the good things of life.

The truly heartening thing ^ about this summer Is that the Communists and their de facto allies ammig the free lance radicals are meeting with difficulties In their attempt to tie up civil rights violence with the campaign to sabotage the U.S. in its Southeastern Arctic and (^bbean p<rtlcles. James Parmer, the national director of CORE (the Congress <rf Racial Equality), has, despite his own personal opin-l<ms about peace, told his organization that it has no business mixing civil rights issues with ^qetnam. And. significantly, there has been no widespread movement wi the part of members <rf Dr. Martin Luther Kings Swith e r n Oirlstian Leaderriilp Conference to f<ow their leader In his padffstlc and appeasing apiHtMtch to foreign policy.

In putting these words down on paper, we run risk of being confuted by events. But If the official Communists, the local Maoists, the Progressive Labor Party, the Students for a Democratic Society and other advocates of Leftist extremism succeed in making the month ot August a shambles, the source of the agitation will be fairly plain to almost everybody. The demonetrato r 9 will simply be tagging themselves as either the dupes or the servants of a foreign conspiracy.

Too much is known, by the FBI and the local police departments, about Uie movements of conspiratorial agents to permit easy deception of the American people from here <m in. In Chicago, where there has been a real attempt to make it a long, hit summer*

<m the pattern of a year ago. Mayor Richard Daley sees to it that the instigators of lie-dowDs and sit-ins are well photographed for identification. The appearance of Cwn-munlsts in key spots among the demonstrators has been documented in depth.

There arc plenty of rumors, as these words are being written, that the way - out Left is cooking up 6ome long, hot summer stuff for August in Washington, D.C. There could be marches on the Ca^jitol, stall Ins on the streets, demonstrations in front of the White House. Since the C!om-munists are giving Vietnam (Continued On Page 6)

Safer Cor Drive Has Obstacles

Strength For Todav

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

THE UNKNOWN STEERSMAN

When I was turned from one whose business was to shirk, wrote Robert Louis Stevenson, into one wh o se business was to strive and preserve. It seemed to me. as though ail had been done by scxneone else. I was nevef* conscious of a struggle, never registered a vow, nor seemingly had anything personally to do with the matter. I came around like a Well - handled ship. There stood at the wheel that unknown steersman whom we call God.

Multitudes of people have experienced a complete transformation of life. For many of them it Involved terrific stiug-rIp But there arc probably many more for whom the

change was a gradual thing, in which as Stevens(w said, they seemingly bad very little to do with the matter. The turbulence of adolescence dies down, and we look back upon it in later years and wonder when the storm began to abate. Grief clings to us for months, perhaps years, but the day comes when peace reigns in the heart. We think we can never overcome our weakneases, and some day we find ourselves masters of them. We are slaves to our possi(ms until some day we awake to the realization that these same passions have become the obedient servants of o u r wiUs.

The greatest things in life are not done by us; they are done for us. We are like ships guided by the unknown Stt*ers-man whom men call God.

r

By ELMER ROESSNER

The campaign for safer autos will not get very far this year.

General Services Administration, the purchasing office of the government, has issued a list of 17 safety devices it will require on 1967 autos purchased by the government. It hoped that all manufacturers would adopt these devices on all cars.

This is a sly way of legislating. of course. Instead of direct action by Congress, requiring these safety devices installed on all new cars using interstate highways, the GSA is using economic lu-esure to force manufacturers to accept its way of thinking.

General Motors has announced that six of these devices are already standard or optional on its cars. The other U will probably be optional on government cars and on those for civilians who will pay handsome prices ftx* extras. OTHERS TO FOLLOW

General Motors lead will probably be foUowei^by other

companies: some of the safety devices are already available and some, but not all, of the rest will be available for ex-tra charges.

Strangely, few of the companies seem Interested in adding one of the most needed

CLMEB

ROESSNER

safety devices, although two of the ctnnpanies now make it. Thats the dual braking system. Its on the top luxury car, the Cadillac, and tfie no-luxury Rambler. In New York. Governor Rockefeller vetoed a bill to require all' passenger cara and station wagons registered after June 30, 1967, to have a dual braking systems. Technical legal reascms. he said. But what New York, (Talifomia and Lola want, the

auto companies give because those two states constitute about half of the total market. Even more strangely, neither GSA nor other agltat(xa for safer cars, including many insurance companies, have not campaigned for what may be the moat important device of all: an auto equivalent of the dead mans grip,

This waa a device tnvited for street cars, after a few cars had got out of control and crashed into carriages and crowd^.The motorman had to mahitCm hand pr^sure at all times to make the car go. If he relaxed his hold, power shut off and the car was braked. If he fainted, coUapeed or died, there was no danger to otoers.

NEEDED ON AUTOS Similar devices are used on railroads and subways today.

But there is greater need for such a device on autos. Most of the big accicHbts to-daywhat some police call undertakers delights are caused by drivers who faint, auffer heart attacks, atrokes,

sleepiness or alcoholic stupc-factlwi. Their cars careen

acrow white lines uid hiidtway dividers and crash head-on into other cars, strewing highways with entrails. Watch this newspaper, especially on Mondays. From time to time youll read of accidents like that most of which could have been prevented with an auto equivalent of the dead mans grip.

And here are some more, loek-slieads ia bnsiBess: Gold mining stocks, which have been showing some strength, will go higher. . . . Deepw White Mouse pressure, steel prices will go higher when the new union contracts are settled. . . Because users know this, steel inventories have continued to climb . . . Vegetable prices in the East will go on up because of the drought. Unless there are plentiful ralas before mltLAugust. fresh vegetables win be almost prohibitively high.....This win

affect prices of canned and froeen vegetables. . . Housewives cant lose by siocktag up now. ,