4TbeDalljrlMlector, OrannrlUa, N.C.Tliunday, June, 1978

Bakke Ruling Portends Change

HiniNG A LOT OF HOMES!

The U. S. Supreme Court decision in the Allan Bakke case, is at long last with us and, while no one can truly say how it will affect our society, it portends major changes in our ways of dealing with discrimination.

Bakke maintained that he was discriminated against because he was white in being turned down for admission to the University of California medical school at Davis. He cited the 16 of 100 openings which are reserved for disadvantaged students and contended they were a racial quota Strongs feelings no doubt will be expressed by various groups about the ruling, and in fact, there was considerable disagreement among the justices, who ruled in Bakkes favor by a 5-4 vote. And, the court warned that legally race can be considered in college admissions programs. In this case, the court said, UC-Davis had gone too far.

The ruling is almost sure to bring litigation in any number of areas where it appears that a specific number of positions have been reserved for minorities. It will be years before we see the full

THIS AFTERNOON

impact of it on our society and the kind of effect it will have on minorities seeking jobs and admission to various programs.

It is clear that the court expects equal opportunity for all to stand.

Perhaps it is best to view the ruling optimistically by noting that minority quotas have been falling into disfavor over the years since the Bakke com plaint was originally filed.

We can hope too. that our society is entering the more ideal situation whereby minorities will attain their goals based strictly on their abilities, rather than artificial quotas. That, after all. is the goal which we should have been .seeking all along.

It is been almost a quarter of a century since the Supreme Court decision outlawing school segregation. In most areas of the south a whole generation has grown up In fully integrated schools. The Bakke decision may gradually tell all of us whether we now live in a society which willingly provides e(]ual opportunity based solely on abilities.

Activity Isn't All Public

ByBUlNoblitt

RALP:iGH-If you ever wonderc*d what a candidate for a high state office means by full-time campaigning. it doesn't mean that most of the work is done in public.

Certainly, tbe public sees enough of the candidate on the stumpat fund-raising pig-pickings. .shopping center handshakings, and party conclaves.

But a speech here and a meeting there doesnt constitute full-time employment.

Raising money and lining up the "loc-al organization does, however.

That is how most of the time is spent, in private meetings across the state talking with rich and/or powerful individuals.

A typical day would go this way:

Many Calls

The candidate has a civic club talk scheduled for 6 oclock in a Piedmont town, but he doesnt stay around Raleigh until time to drive there.

Probably with sun, he hits' the city limits for breakfast

THE INSIDE REPORT

with his county chairman generally a longtime friend who has agreed to be the local contact man, either out front or behind scenes.

A list of "local leaders is provided the candidate, and he sets out on his rounds, much like any wther visiting traveling salesman new in townexcept the product is promises and the currency is votes.

Generally alone at this ear-Iy ' s t a g e of the gamealthough sometimes acL'ompanied by his local organizer ju.st to make the in-tnxluctions the candidate starts on his calls.

He has to do it himself. You cant send a staff ijide to do this hard job. And like all business transactions, the talk must be plain and open.

First, the candidate himself must a.sk those on the local list for their individual votes. Not in hesitating or wondering terms, but straightout: Will you or

wont you vote for me? Then, if the answer is positive, "Will you or wont you talk me up to your friends

and as.sociatcs'.'" Again, tH'I.ssed positively, the candidate will (indt*ed, mu.st) gel to the final straight question: 'We cant win without money, how much will you pul in?"

Around Town

.So the day goes, with obligatory calls on the towns bankers, industrial and

BILL

NOBLITT

business leaders, newspaper, radio and TV stations, and other influential people. Often the calls are made on a schedule prepared ahead of time. But many candidates lind it more effective to just pop in." That impresses the l(Kal recipient of the call much more than a telephone call from an underling .some days beforehand.

A .successful day in the life of a candidate on the trail in North Carolina ends. then, not with resounding applause

at the local hotel, but when he g(Hs back over his list and figures out how many promises of votes, public support . and dollars lie got

.Some races make the job easier a candidate for U.S. .Senate or Hou.se, governor or lieutenant governor represents the elite: his introductions and entry to Iwal people is simple.

As you go down to legislative and local races, the scheduling gets harder. Few local citizens have a great deal of interest in. lime for. or money to give to .some races.

There is, after all. little that some candidates can offer in exchange the public just d(Hsnl have a big interest or commitment

The hours are long, the work is hard, and most of it is not glamorous receptions or press conferences. Theres little r<M)m for timidity or shyne.ss -only commitments get results.

And that, typically, is how a candidate will spend a lot of days twtween now and next November.

Haig's Expanding Role

By ROWLAND EVANS

and ROBERT NOVAK

BRUSSELS-Early this month a top aide of French President Valerie Giscard dEstaing slipped inconspicuously into the headquarters of Gen. Alexander Haig, the NATO commander, for several hours of quiet speculation on Soviet intentions and U.S. reactions, particularly in Africa.

One day earlier, the defense minister of Japana country beyond the reach of NATOundertook a similar journey to Mons. Haigs headquarters. Other leaders of the worlds democracies, including the prime minister of Australia, have detoured to Mons during European sojourns to confide their wor-rries to Haig.

A common themeconcern over expanding Soviet power and confusion over the Carter administrations foreign policy-motivates these democratic leaders. Indeed by forfeit. Haig has become a Western symbol of will and determination, clearly justifying President Carters decision last year to retain him as NATO commander.

But while justifying that decision, the parade of Western policymakers to Haig's headquarters suggests

agonizing' doubts about Mr Carters inner convictions over the Soviet question. The presidents reactions are marked by too many ambiguities and divided counsels.

Haigs prestige among democratic leaders of U.S. allies tells more about this disarray in Washington (as perceived by these leaders) than it does about Haig. Once attacked as a "political general in an effort to block his appointment to NATO by Gerald Ford, Haig has become a kind of anchor to windward for worried Western Europe. As one powerful politician in the alliance (a West German) told us: "Haig is the Linus blanket for all of us who cannot read the signals from Washington and nt>ed comfort. President Carter seems to understand the value of Haig as a security blanket. On his last visit here in early January, Mr, Carter bluntly confided to one NATO official that he had had "some doubts atx)ut Haig when he became president. Now. however, a Carter-Haig filiante has formed around NATO, resulting in at least one singular achievement in the presidents otherwise shifting course on meeting

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the .Soviet threat: .strengthening the alliance along lines first recommended by Haig Ix'foi e Mr. Carter took office.

The beginning of this strengthening effort against escalating .Soviet power in Central Europe came with the report of NATO deficiencies by Sens. Sam Nunn and Oewey Bartlett in 1976. Their pre.scription. strongly promoted by Haig, began with the stuff that counts most and comes hardest: increased financial assessments on all NATO countries. Today the U.S.. West Germany. Great Britain, Belgium and Holland are all meeting or exceeding higher levies agreed to with Mr. Carter in the .spring of 1977.

By next fall, a new U.S. brigade for the central German front, termed essential in the Nunn-Bartlett report, will begin development U S. sti-ength is now at its highe.st level-about ;K),O(). There is reason to believe the specialists here who claim that the NATO tail" of support ti-(X)ps has been shorten-i>d, with a consequent increase in the NATO "tooth.

Jimmy Carter has accepted the most important NATO proposals for dealing with possible surpri.se attack -the Warsaw Pact "blitzkrieg that Nunn and Bartlett warned against. Upgrading communications and detection technology, va.slly expensive, is now going forward with a 1980 completion date.

In Februai-y. Haig inform-

Strength For Today

GOD ATTHE HELM

The famous English .Novelist. Robert Louis .Stevenson, descritxxl the outcome ol a profound crisis in his lile as follows: "1 came alx)ul like a well-handled ship. There stcKxl at the whcx>l that unknown steersman w hom we call G(xl.

As we look back over (leliveranci's from trials and tribulations, many of fhem .stx-m very. mysterious. But upon lurlher reflection we Ixfome aware that there has lxx11 a power above and Ix'yond our own. bringing Ihines to a ix'tlain is,sutv Tlx* 4

By JAMES J. KILPATRICK

Summer Over The Land

ed Secretary ol Defense Harold Browti that the NATO high command was not being consulted enough by Washinglon-not only on Europe but on .Soviet moves in Afi ica and el.sewherc. He is now txing consulted. Brown imformed him in advance of the presidents astounding decision to cancel production or the neutron warhead. Haigs NATO colleagues told us that Haig warned Brown to tell Mr. Carter that cancella-t i 0 n would have devastating but. for political reasons, undercover -ant i-Caiter repercussions in We.st Germany and some othei" European states.

Haigs intercession was a key facloi- ih switching Mr. Carters decision from cancellation to postponement. Haigs intercession was also crucial in the presidents decision to authorize the use of Air Force troop carriers in the Angola-Shaba ci'isis.

Even with the neutron nondecision, Haig praises Jimmy Carter for playing top sergeant in NATO and whipping the alliance into better fighting condition. As to ,^arter administration moves el.sewhere in response to M0.SC0W S worldwide opera-tion.s. Haigs NATO colleagues say he privately shares many of their own doubts-the same doubts al)out VVa.shinglons slialegy, or lack ol it. that obsess those leaders of the worlds dw indling deiTOxracies now tx'ating a pafhlohisd(x>r.

[X'lson who has no fciith in things .spiritual and believes that everything happens as the result ol chance has a lot of explaining to do when con-fronlji*d by circumstances in which loving puipose is plainly .StX'tl.

There is much we can do. and .should do. to work out our problems and bring fhefti to successful conclusion. But it is G(kI who d<x*s the greater pail. The unknown steersman stands at the wlxvl and brings us at lust th.i-ough the tempest, safely into port.

ElishJi T)(wsjw

.SCRABBLE, Va.-Now summer lies drowsy on our land, and yawns, and mops her forehead, and murmurs a prayer for rain. We are into the hot and stickies, the muggy days, but here in the Blue Ridge Mountains one finds comf^nsations.

1 have lately been counting these compensations, the as.sets that make up for such liabilities as gnats in the garden squirrels in an apple tree, and a blacksnake in the strawberry patch. The life of a countryman, 1 long ago concluded, largely a matter of too much or not enoughtoo many bugs and no rain when you need it-but now and then we hit some in-betweens.

The barn swallows make up

for a good many drawbacks. F]very summer a family of swallows nests in the garage, about four feet above the right front fender of my wifes Toyota. This is not the Itind of proximity that breeds affection, but the swallows give such pleasure that the untidiness can be forgiven. The young hatched about three weeks a^there were only three this year, one shy of the four of other yearsand for the past week we have been watching their fiying lessons.

They are a comical bunch of student pilots. In between solo excursions, the three of them sit nervously on the edge of the mud nest. They look more like big-band musi-

Other Editors Say Man Will Fly!

(The Rald^ Times)

Ever hear of a honeymoon trip lasting 1,5 days that touched dow n 14 airports? Thats what one area couple had. and its just one product of this years air-fare revolution that has travel agents and airline reservations clerks thrashing in their sleep, when they get any.

Keeping up with the spinning kaleidoscope of fare changes and plans and packages the Civil Aeronautics Board has unleashed is almost impossible. But one new package has emerged through the confusion as a hot seller.

It s the unlimited-stop excursion many airlines now offer. For around $,100 each, you and another can take wing at RDU for any number of anywheres your hearts desire, as long as the stops are .served by the same airline. With Eastern, for example, this includes all of Mexico and the Caribbean as well as the U.S.

^ou must also make at least two 48-hour stops in the course of your airborne odyssey, and you cant hit the same one twice except to change planes. You must stay away at least seven days but not more than 21, and reserve and pay two weeks ahead.

But what slight restrictions these really are! What a bonanza of times and places! How inconveivabie it would have been when todays senior citizens were youngto be able to mount your jet-propelled pogo-stick at just-beyond-Morrisville and hop to IjOs Angeles to see what all the TV shows are about, to Settle for seafood and a ride up Puget Sound, then wind up on the beach at St. Thomas to clear the Pacific mist from your lungsall in a fortnight.

Disney buffs can hit Orlando and Anaheim in the same vacationthough no one but a Disney buff could stand that much magic. Technology freaks can cover the Houstm space complex, the Detroit assembly lines. Cape Canaveral and the Washington musuems in one two-weeks-with-pay A love for history could take you to Boston or Philadelphia and thence westward, leapfrogging the pioneer trails of Daniel Boone and Lewis and Clark,

If the airlines keep up this sort of thing and extend it worldwide, well all start lying awake nights with visions of strings of travel sugarplums dancing in our heads. Anyone for two days in Tibet and two in Timbuktu, with London and Delhi thrown in for contrast and a long layover on the beach at Rio on the wav home?

cians than aerial acrobats: black ties, plum sports coats, nifty swallow tails. One by one they flutter around the garage, practicing touch-and-goes; mama and papa, squeaking furious advice, instruct them in loops, spins, stalls. Immelmannturns. A little more right rudder! Get ' your flaps down! We can skim closer than that! The whole family has been coming back to the nest by night, roosting placidly above the right front fender, tenants who pay their rent in grace and beauty; and we are the richer for having them there.

The storms provide a different compensation. A couple of times a week, late in the afternoon, the great cumulus clouds crash into each other and back off with purple bruises. A sudden cool breeze whips down from 'Turkey Mountain. In the strange stillness, bird calls seem unnaturally loud. We hear ominous growls of thunder far away.

Ordinarily there is tinte for the rushing aroundfor the closing of windows, for drawing a few buckets of water before the pump goes outbut one day last week a storm hit without warning. The sky ignited with a shattering bolt of lightning, and the rain slash^ instantly against the window panes. The poplars, like ballet dancers, leaped in frantic arabes^es. This was a storm by Mou'ssorgsky. drawn from the Night on Bald Mountaincymbals, kettle drums, wild trumpet cries, and the strings sawing madly up and down the scale.

The violence ended as abruptly as it all began. The lightning crackled one more time, the thunder rattled and banged, the lights went out and sun appeared, all smiles, beaming upon the wet leaves and the bedraggled lawn. It was two hours before the . electric co-op got the power restored, but the temperature had dropped 15 degrees and the air had the tang of a dry champagne.

What other compensations? Snow peas, for one. We have never had better crop. Picked at 5 oclock of an afternoon, sauteed swiftly with just a dab of butter and (CmtflDuedoopageS)

Concur

Issues

Remain

By KATHRYN P. WHTIE Associated Pra Writer

RALEIGH. N.C. (AP) - Civil l ights groups huffed while conservatives prai.st*d. Ixit people ol nearly all persuasions in North Carolina agreed Wednesday that the .Supreme Courts two-part dt*cisi()n in Allan Bakkes reverse discrimination ca.se left many questions unanswered.

Stale Attorney General Rufus Edmislen said he wi.shed the court had lx*en clearer (in) speaking to the notion of affirmative action and how far race could be a consideration. He pri*dicted the upshot of the case would be a flood of new litigation.

Edmisten said his initial interpretation of the ruling was that race could not be used as the "overriding criteria in deciding admission to programs, l)ul that it could be taken into account, ' like we may take mental capacities and physical abilities into account.

"1 think this was what the 1964 Civil Rights Act said. It said dont make race the determining factor in judging whether a person can do a job or receive l)enefil, the attorney general said.

Spokesmen with a conservative bent generally hailed the c(Hirts ruling that Bakke had been the victim of reverse discrimination, but criticized the justices for not barring racial quotas altogether.

On the other hand, civil rights groups took issue with the cx)urls position that the California medical school had gone too far in considering race in denying Bakke admissions, while praising the courts lukewarm endorsement of affirmative action.

Gt*orge Gardner, director of the state branch of the American Civil Liberties Union, said the dixision "sounds as though the court really ducked responsibility.

"The decision will probably not .solve the basic issue of achieving an integrated socicHy. Gardner said. After ;100 years of segregation and slavery, a positive effort to recognize the ideal of equality for all must be made.

Meanwhile, conservative lawyer Joe Beard Jr. of Charlotte depicted the ruling as an "accordion theory of "sometimes you have that right, sometimes you dont

Beard, who is representing a

(Coatnied 00 pages)

40 Years Ago Today

June 29,19

City Clerk J. 0. Duval today ixxeived a check for $35.286.81 to be used for the development of the athletic field and construction of a stadium, work upon which has already been started.

The check was for bonds sold to a Cincinnati firm and was mailed direct to the treasurer of Greenville,

In addition to the $:15.000, the amount of the bonds, the check included $105 in premium and $181.81 in accrued interest.

John Hardee, Pitt County farmer, who lives on the Cox Mill highway, today brought in a tobacco leaf with an almost perfectly formed funnel leaf growing out of one side.

The leaf, however, was not of the best quality, apparently having been damaged by rain.

I^Caveriy

Headaches In Hiring Of Spouses

ByJOHNCUNNIFF

NEW YORK (AP) Hu.sbands and wives working for the same company are pnxlucing legal and marital ix'adaches that may force some concerns to renege on their commitments to equal emploN ment opp)rt unit ieS.

.Some companies already ha\e dix idwl to avoid hiring spousi*s Ix'causi* of piitterns ol dual absenteeism, scheduling conflicts, and damage t() morale, said Profes.s)r Eugeix* Jennings, who has studied the phenoiiK*i)n.

But. he says, the biggest current fk*terrent to hiring spouses, wives especially, is' tlx* wi*b of legal tangles that only nqw are appearing. Ii*ss than a decade after companies lK*gan affirmative act km prtigrams.

i'omnank*s oft*n are ac-

r

cu.st*d of nepotism when they employ spcxises. .said Jennings. and accused when they dont of discrimination. Its a no-win situation fraught with unseen, perverse con-se(|uences. he said.

The profi*s.sors acquain-taiK-e with the problem is an oif.sh(M)t of his role as c*on-fidential adviser to corporation chairmen and prt*sidents. who increasingly find their concerns threateiK*d by legal action.

Many companies are pulling back. he said, "not formally, because that would Ix* illegal, but quietly. They dont want a backlash against wonxm. but they dont know how to avoid ethical and legal pi-olgems."

Jennings, management professor at Michigan State University and author oil many voiumos on personnel activities cites these

situations as helping to pnxluce a negative attitude toward dual employment.

1. The wife, administrative assi.stant to a corporation president, convinces him to look favorably on her husbands candicacy for plant manager. The husband gets the job over more qualific*d applicants.

Oix* of tht*se applicants claims favoritism, quits and sues. Alarmed, the president removt*s the husband. The wife Ixcomes angry, accuses the prc*sident of sexual ad-vanct*s. and (|uits.

The mess was settled out of court, but among other thing.s. the company lost a qualifit*d plant manager and an administrative ai^stant.

2. The wife manages a braiK'h bank; her husband is loan officer at the central office. .She turns down an aopiicunt for a loan. He sues.

claiming she could not argue effcxtively with her husband for the loan.

The company is advised by its lawyers to settle out of court, and to separate the couple in a business sense. When she is replaced by a male subordinate she sues, claiming discrimination. Publicity causes two other loan applicants to sue. All cases were settled out of court.

".Some companies would rather back off (from hiring .spouses, especially wives), but they cant do that officially. says Jennings.

In discussing the situations with company presidents. Jennings says he too is caught in a no-win situation. Whatever advise is givi. he says, may have perverse consequences. "1 try to minimize the damage.

V