4-lbiIWtr IMlMlar. N.C.-Wedwdey, Odatar U, H77

Dual Lanes Ended Bottleneck

TOUGH LANDING PATTERN!

s.'^' , A vXi--* jr%dE,

A new stretch of dual laned highway, from W. Third Street north to the Stokes Highway on Memorial Boulevard, was opened to traffic last week.

All construction work on the project is not yet complete but It is far enou^ along to allow traffic the use of both lanes.

The project involved the construction of second bridge along side the old bridge which had carried traffic across the Tar River on the west side of the city for many years.

The additional lanes also had to be snaked by the

runways of the Pitt Greenville Airport by the highway planners.

Openthg of the dual lane section eliminates a ma-or traffic bottleneck on the U.S. 13, N.C. ll-N.C. 13 route. It is heavily traveled and traffic conditions have been worsening with the development of the Pitt County Memorial Hospital complex in that area.

Within a month the construction should be fully completed and a badly needed artery in the citys thoroughfare system v^ll be in routine use.

It is a good addition.

We're Going To Need Water Bonds

Among matters to be voted on in November will be a $230 million Clean Water bond issue, which will provide grants to local commuities for improved water pollution control facilities.

Pitt County communities have shared in previous Clean Water bonds. Here In Greenville there will be

THIS AFTERNOON

major projects coming up on which our city will desperately need the financial assistance this bond issue will offer.

A vote for the Clean Water bonds will be very much in our own interests.

Tests May Bring Change

ByBtLLNOBUTT

RALEIGH - There will be some turbulent times across North Carolina next year when the first returns come in from the all-student testing program, says Gov. James B. Hunt, Jr.

But the turbulence will also be exciting, he thinks, and will lead to major change if things follow the proper path.

For the first time in the state, standard tests on which scores can be directly compared will be taken by all students in grades one, two, three, six, and nine. A special commission is now at work designing the program and selecting the tests.

The uproar will come when the test scores start rolling in and parents will be able to pinpoint areas of weakness in their local schools.

Grade Teachers?

Gov. Hunt makes it clear that while the new law specifically says that the intent of the program is not to provide a means of comparing and evaluating individual teacher performance, the new system

will actually allow exactly that.

Already some teachers are complaining of that likelihood, and especially leaders of the North Carolina Association of Educators are warning of problems ahead.

Top state educators, however, believe that the teachers who are familiar with standardized testing, know how to understand the results and use them to achieve better results will welcome the information.

And in response to teacher concerns, the State Board of Education has approved within the guidelines a provision that individual student race and socioeconomic data will be recorded so that those factors can be figured into analysis of test results in specific classes.

Gov. Hunt pushed hard in the General Assembly for the testing program, in the face of teacher opposition, and believes results can lead to important change in the public schools.

But it will be up to local

school patrons to produce that change, he notes. Test scores from the state level will be compiled to provide data on regional and county operations.

Locally, It will be up to the people in a given community to make certain that test results are available and analyzed. Individual student scores will be available only to the parent or guardian, but scores will be available on a class-by-class basis.

Offer Help

With that information, the governor notes, those concerned about their schools can go to their local school boards or superintendents and demand answers to the problem, and offer to help solve it.

The burden will rest with local school interests to use the information and to demand steps to correct the problems. Hunt says.

The end result, the governor hopes, will be greatly increased public concern and involvement in looking at problems In the schools, and a greater public

willingness to help by increased budgets, more volunteers, redirected programs, and given the necessity changes in personnel.

The governor concedes that there are occasions when such drastic steps are necessary and that perhaps the rebirth of local school committees directly involved in education on a regular basis can produce the change needed in the schools.

I would hope that In not too many years we can begin to see some real change for the better in our schools, Hunt says.

Rules of the testing program are designed to make the process as fair as possible to students and teachers. Unbiased test administrators assisted by aides and volunteers are to give the tests which will be scored at a central point. A series of local workshops to help local educators and parents learn how to use and understand the testing system is planned by the State Department of Public Instruction.

THE INSIDE REPORT

Taxes Hit Middle Class

By ROWLAND EVANS

and ROBERT NOVAK

WASHINGTON - Even before its delayed arrival on Capitol Hill, President Carters massive tax reform is viewed there by both friends and enemies as an assault on the middle class a perception with ominous overtones for the Carter administration and the economy.

The President would be hard put today to find 10 votes for his tax package on the 37-member House Ways and Means Committee. Rep, Abner Mikva of Illinois, a key administration supporter on the committee, has warned the White House he cannot support what is being drafted. If loyalists such as Mikva are bailing out, what can be expected from the likes of Sen. Russell Long, the independent-minded chairman of the Senate Finance Committee?

The reply from the White House is that the bitter reforms will be sweetened by

such generous tax cuts that opposition will fade. As of now, however, the President is threatened with demoralizing legislative defeat next year and a jolt to economic confidence now.

Delay in getting the program to Congress is partly caused by trying to jneet these objections (though the White House also wants to get the energy taxes through Congress before sending up the reforms). Now wading through over 200 pages of reading material, Mr. Carter informed his aides he would make no key decisions before the weekend of Oct. 8-9.

Those decisions may well soften the programs impact on taxpayers in the $20,000 to $100,000 bracket. Nevertheless, revenue-producing reforms will most heavily cut not into the rich but into these upper-middle income taxpayers numerically small but economically and politically vital.

Whats more, middle-class sensitivity is heightened by

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the Carter-backed Social Security bill nearing House passage. To insure the fiscal integrity of the Social Security system, the bill would sharply increase payroll taxes on persons earning over $16,0(X) a year. Democratic Congressmen consider this a necessary evil but do not want to compound the Injury through tax reforms.

This attitude is typified by Congressman Mikva. As chairman of the liberal Democratic Study Group, he might be expected to be an ardent tax reformer. But any such ardor is cooled not only by his upper-middle income constituency in Chicagos north suburbs but by practical experience as a congressional tax-writer.

Mikva has come to learn hard lessons that were foreign to Jimmy Carter as a presidential campaigner; tax. reform cannot be a vdiicle for helping the poor, who do not pay taxes anyway; the tax structure is not a suitable arena for class warfare; the Internal Revenue code is not a disgrace to the human race (candidate Carters description) but grossly overcomplicated and confusing.

So, Mikva has been trying to persuade the administration to lower its sights on tax reform. He has accomplished nothing with Mr. Carters tax

reform drafters White House chief domestic policy aide Stuart Eizenstat and Assistant Treasury Secretary Laurence Woodworth. But he still hopes Mr. Carter will soften the programs impact on middle-class taxpayers before it reaches Congress.

No matter how little or how much the President softens the bite, revenueproducing reforms will still be aimed at the $25,000-plus business executive or self-employed entrepreneur. They, not coupon-clipping millionaires, will be affected by limitations on expense account lunches, home mortgage deductions and by far the most important treating capital gains as ordinary Income.

Consequently, Republicans on the Ways and Means Committee view the combined Social Security-tax reform assault on the middle class as a political windfall. I guess Carter meant what he said during the campaign about raising taxes for everybody making over $17,500, Rep. Barber Conable of New York, the committees senior Republican, told us.

Eizenstat calls this nonsense, contending that proposed tax cuts are so substantial that practically anybody making under

(ConOnuedoapageS)

Strength For Today

BEFORE THE BAR OF HISTORY

When in the sixteenth century the suggestion was made that a canal might someday be cut across the Isthmus of Panama, a member of the Spanish court wrote indignantly in this vein: I am of the opinion that human power should not be allowed to cut through the strong and impenetrable bounds which God has put between the two oceans. If we try to do so, we might well risk the vengeance of heaven for attempting to improve what the Creator has already ordained.

In the early eighteenth century, when vaccination was first practiced, many people condemned it as an affront to God, who had established smallpox as a part of His divine creation.

Such utterances appear to us today to be fantastic. Yet we are probably just as fantastic in some of the (pinions we hold. Therefore, we had better not be too contemptuous of the people of former days. Some hundreds of years hence we may appear before the bar of history as ridiculous as they.

by Elisha Douglass

By ART BUCHWALD

Waiting For The Call

WASHINGTON - A few weeks ago President Carter called two Washington correspondents, Hedrick Smith of the New York Times and Jack Nelson of the Los Angeles Times, and spent a long time on the phone explaining how close he was to Vice President Walter Mndale and also how hard he, Mr. Carter, was working in the White House.

When the President of the United States calls a newspaperman to explain what hes doing it makes you a big man in this town.

Since then every newspaperperson has a fantasy that he or she will get the next call from the President.

I have to confess that I, too, have been dreaming about it. In my fantasy Jody Powell goes into Mr. Carters office and says, You better call Buchwaid. Hes got it all wrong concerning your position on the three-martini lunch.

The fantasy has becom so real that things have become pretty rough around house.

The first night I said to my wife, Any telephone calls for

Other Editors Say: Pocketbook Pain

(The Raleigh Times)

Congress is not just doing Its biennial Social Security tinkering this year. It is tryhig to keep the system from going broke, which will happen to SS retirement inside seven years and to SS disability within two years unless action is taken.

So this time, lawmakers are dickering not over whether but over how much and when to sock it to workers and employers via hikes in the SS tax rate and taxable income levels. The pocketbook pain will be real.

The House Ways and Means Committee has agreed on a bill that would double the amount higher-income employes contribute to Social Security by 1981. On a $27,900 salary, the bite would grow from $965 now to over $1,800 in four years, with more increases after that.

On lower incomes, contributions would not rise nearly as much. On a $10,000 salary they would go from $585 this year to $690 in 1986.

Employers will continue to match employe contributions dollar for dollar under the House plan. This is an improvement over the Senate Finance Committee idea that employers shares should go up faster than workers' shares. Management would pass the increase on to employes anyway. Requiring both to share equally keeps the system honest and open so the working public is aware of just how much is going into Social Security.

The committee heads off one threat to Social Securitys soundness by taking out an idiotic gimmick that would have indexed SS payments to retirees so high that by the year 2050, low-wage workers would be getting more real dollars from SS at retirement than they drew as salaries while working.

Ways and Means' bill would keep the percentages about the same as now: low income workers to receive at retirement around 60 per cent of earnings, those with average incomes 42 per cent, those with high incomes 30 per cent.

Thoui some increases are already built into existng law, these wont produce nearly enough revenue to keep the system from going broke. It may seem unfair that many folks may soon contribute annually more than most Social Security recipients get in a year. But remember that unless SS gets more income than it pays out, it will inevitably need a transfusion from some other source. And all sources trace back to the taxpayer.

It is not the inherent nature of people to save for the rainy day of old age. The Social Security system is a method of forced saving that has merit as well as a keystone place in our economy. The systems revenue base, already broad, must be deepened if it is to survive. The increases seem inevitable.

me?

The Volvo service people called and said it would cost $321 to fbc your car,

"I dont mean that kind of call. Have there been any from a high government official?

Why would a high government official want to call you?

Well, if you must know Im expecting to hear from the President of the United States.

She started to laugh.

Its not a joke, I said angrily. Hes starting to call newspapermen in this town and he might be doing it alphabetically.

If he does call, she said, still giggling, should I say youre here?

Of course, you can tell him Im here. You dont tell the President of the United States your husband isnt home when he is. And dont tie up the phone for the next two weeks talking to your sister.

The next night I found my son on the phone speaking to a girlfriend.

How long has he been talking? I asked my wife.

About an hour.

Thats just great, I said. The President of the United States is probably trying to call me and all he can get is a busy signal.

Im sure if the President was trying to get you the White House would interrupt the call.

Well, tell him to get off. My wife said to my son, Finish the call. Your father is expecting to get one from the President.

My son said to his girl. 1 have to hang up now. My Dad is waiting to hear from President Carter. ... Im not trying to get you off the line. Thats what he says. Yeh, he has been acting a little funny lately. As a matter of fact, he hasnt been the same since Watergate.

All right, I said, everyone can make fun of me, but when the call comes through youll be laughing out of the other side of your mouths. And because of your attitude Im not going to let any of you listen in.

Since then, every time so-

(Continued on pages)

Bargain Flights May Not

ByJOHNCUNNIFF AP Business Analyst

NEW YORK (AP) - The millenium might be shortlived, say some critics of the huge discounts now being offered by scheduled transatlantic air carriers on the New York-London run.

The misuse of the term is intentional, designed by the critics, among them some U.S. government officials, to draw attention to what they say may be predatory, below-cost pricing by the scheduled airlines.

If the scheduled airlines manage to drive out of business their competition, the supplemental or charter airlines, what then? Will the $256 roundtrip discount price revert to the regular 14-21,day tourist fare of $541?

Those who raise the questions doubt that the

millenium, or thousand years of peace and happiness, has come to the troubled skies, as some consumers think. They say we shouldnt be surprised if it all ends as suddenly as it came.

Both the Justice Department and the Civil Aeronautics Board have openly suggested the possibility of a regression to the old fares. Overruled by President Carter, Alfred Kahn, CAB chairman, recently reaffirmed his views in a letter to the Wall Street Journal.

The competition, Kahn pointed out, is not so much among the many members of the International Air Transport Association, a governmentally supported price-fixing cartel, as it is between lATA members and the siq)plemental airlines.

Tide Of

Help

Swells

By DAVID TOMLIN Associated Press Writer

RALEIGH, N.C. (AP) - If the governor can find time to do it, Dr. Sandra Thomas is frequently told, then I can find the time too.

Gov. Jim Hunt doesnt exactly find time to volunteer; he makes time. His purpose, he never tires of saying, is to encourage North Carolinians to do the same, and Dr. Thomas says his campaign is working.

She is in a good position to know. Her job as executive director of the governors Office of Citizen Participation puts her in touch with leaders of volunteer groups all over the state.

Several have told me

theyre receiving more phone calls from potential volunteers, she says. And I know that if I took a poll statewide, the answer would be the same.

Hunt has said he wants to double the number of volunteers in the state. He says he wants $4 billion worth of free citizen help with state problems like hunger, illiteracy, crime and dozens of others.

Yes, I think the time will come when hell be able to say hes done it, Dr. Thomas says. It's hard to say when. Maybe by the end of the year.

With his visibility the past couple of months, there has been a significant increase in the number of calls in to our office, she says. Some of the calls are complaints or requests for help, but many indicate they would like to volunteer for something.

It is the job of Dr. Thomas and her staff to help communities make practical use of the energy and initiative which the governor mobilizes with his appearances as a volunteer in schools and hospitals around the state.

To do it, the Office of Citizen Participation:

Keeps records of citizens with special abilities or skills and looks for government agencies or private charitable organizations that could make use of them.

Helps communities with the nuts and bolts of forming new volunteer organizations to prevent crime, improve community health, conserve energy, etc.

Keeps track of information and other resources that would be helpful to volunteer organizations.

(Continued on page 5)

40 Years Ago Today

October 12,1937

President Roosevelt called a special session of Congress to meet on November 15.

He gave no indication of subjects to be considered, but the first business of the extraordinary meeting was to be farm legislation with surplus crop control as its main purpose.

Another teacher was allotted to Pitt county schools, bringing the total for the 1937-38 session to 194, a gain of three over the previous year.

Another counterfeit ten dollar bill was found in Greenville, the third in two days.

Chief of Police, George Clark, said his force was working in an effort to trace the bills, but so far had little on which to base an investigation.

iverly

The latter do not run on regular schedules but instead charter out their crafts to groups. Running full most of the time, and not burdened with maintaining regular schedules, they generally can offer lower rates than the scheduled lines.

Some of the charter lines now would like to get into the scheduled end of the business and, in fact, one of them has. Laker Airways, a British firm, has obtained permission to operate a scheduled line, on a standby or no reservation basis.

The lATA lines, fearful of such competition, drastically discounted their prices to a level that many airline analysts say are below their costs, and which cannot be maintained without governmental subsidies, or, in effect, by subisidies from

regular customers on other routes.

Thus the argument has developed that they are seeking not only to drive the supplementals out of the charter business, but remove them also as potential competitors for regularly scheduled routes.

One spokesman for a supplemental airline said this week that at the present scheduled discount rates theres no possibility of us even attempting to obtain scheduled routes: the fares simply are too low for prof it.

William Leonard, senior vice president of Trans International, the worlds largest charter airline, maintains that predatory pricing has been used before and that it accomplished its goal driving out the supplementals.