Who Will Vote Radical Change?

WHAT WERE THEY SAYING ABOUT OUR SYSTEM?

The Democratic National Convention is con-chided and, while we disagree with Sen. McGovern on many things, we must recongize that he has out maneuvered the political pros of the party.

More than anyone else he was involved in the reorganization of the delegate selection system and he carried on his reorg^izational work in full view of the old pros. Thus it should come as less of a surprise that the convention turned to the man who

A Recourse Magistrates

In

By BRYAN HAISLIP RALEIGH If youre like most folks, at some time you felt you came out on the short end of a transaction with no choice but to bum and bear it.

You had a case, but you didn't know how to get in court without the expense of an attorney and entangling legal proceedings.

You ought to know about the magistrates court.

Sometimes called the small claims court, it is an arm of the states judicial system little used but with large potential for the redress of consumer grievances, said Eugene Hafer.

Consumer

BRYAN

HAISUP

The magistrates court is designed for the people as a place where they can get an impartial hearing, in an informal atmosphere and with a minimum of expense and procedure, for claims involving less than $300, he ex|dained.

Hiats the theory of the structure. In practice, the courts have been used nimarily by business against creditors and landlords to collect rent.

Vacuam Of Information The reason is that the average Tar Heel is unaware an<l apprehensive about taking a claim to court, said HafCT, an assistant attorney genmral In the consumer protection division.

He intends to fill the in-ffMn^atkm void with a boddet which will eiqdain in simple, do-it-yoursdi language bow to go about using the magistrates court.

Hie |Ht>Ject is now near a final draft. it is completed, Hafer will look for financing to print and distribute it. Our budget jimt doesnt have the mmiey, he said. I hope to find a foundation or other source for funds.

How wen the booklet serves its purpose depends upon getting it to those who need it. Hafer wants it placed in ttie hands of all consumers, including farmers, blue coUar workers, housewives, and the poor.

We arent talking about a few tiousand copies, but h\m4reds of thousands, he said. il ^uld^be distribute.

he added, through agencies ^liuch as bettor business bureaus, consumer groups, social services departments, and any other medium to reach a wide public.

Tread In Mevemeat

Educating the public on small claims courts is a facet of the consumo- protection movement. New Yorit and Fkirida are among other states where a similar handbook has been produced, Hafer said.

The frustration is very real for a citizen who feels he has suffered an injustice, he observed. We need to give him information on how he can go about finding a fair settlement.

The booklet will cover such topics as who can sue and be sued, how to prepare the forms to get a case in court, preparing for the trial, and what to do when someone sues you.

Within the $300 limitatk>n;o cases tried in magistrates court can run the gamut from shoddy or unauthorized repair work, faculty merchandise purchased from a store, withheld pay, or other IMX)perty loss or physical injury.

No Lawyer Necessary A suit is initiated through forms obtained from the clerk of courts office. A citizen does not have to engage a lawyer to pursue a claim, though he may do so, Hafer pointed out.

Some states go so far as to prohibit the appearance of lawyers for either side in small claims courts.

Appeals may be taken to the district court. Proceedings there are more complicated, lengthy and expensive and more apt to caU for the services of an attorney.

While most consumers remain oblivious to the magistrates court as an avenue of relief, Hafer said some notable instances of success have come to his attention. We know it can work, he said.

The magistrates court replaced the old justice of the peace system in the unification of North Carolina courts some 10 years ago. Magistrates are salaried, with no relation betwei fees and pay. They are mmiinated by court clerks, appointed by the residmt Supe^r Court judge, and supervised by the chief district Judge.

There have been complaints that magistrates are underpaid, ill-trained, and disposed to favor the side of business over the consumer.

The system has shortcomings, Hafer agreed. Experience can best point the way to improvement, he said.

The state should have facilities for the resolution of consumet^rievMce. The-magistrates court is the best we have now. If we can en-^*urage ciiixQis # i il, we can see what changes they think should be made and arrive at a better system, he said.

organized it aa its presidential nominee.

However, winning the nomination in the con-troUed atmosphere of the Democratic National Convention is far from the same as convincing the public that Sen. McGovern is the man to lead the nation for the next four years.

l%e senators record in the senate has not been radical and efforts are now underway to convince the voters that Sen. McGovern is not of radical persuasion. However, it is well to keep in mind that the senators base of supp<xt has been radical. TTiwe can be little (knibt that the radicals camped out at Miami Beach were held in check because they got what toey wanted from the Democratic National Conventionnamely the nomination of Sen. Mc^vern. It will be interesting to see if the radicals exhibit the same reserve when the Republicans meet in Miami.

It is possible that there has never been a political situation such as we see in this years presidential race. The nearest comparision, is our opinion, would have if Henry WaUace, once Franklin Roosevelts vice president, has won the Democratic nomination in 1948. He did not, of course. Instead Harry Truman won the nominatiim for reelection Md Wallace went on to run on an independent ticket, which the then young George McGovern supported for a time.

Sen. McGovern may be billed as a non-radical, but he proposes radical changes for the nation. It remains to be seen whether the United Stetes great middle class, which will decide the election, wants radical change, or whether it will become a little more aware and appreciative of what we have even with all the problems.

Words

That

Wound

By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK (AP) - Remarks people get tired of hearing when they come back from a vacation:

Have you been away? You didnt get much of a tan, did you?

You missed the best weather of the year while you were away.

HAL

BOYLE

fffce/p/s-

Choice Was On Ideology Basis

By JJ. KILPATRICK

Wallace

The Daily Reflector

By ROWLAND EVANS and ROBERT NOVAK MIAMI BEACH - The revolutionary change now sweeping the Democratic party was dramatically evident when Sen. George McGovern passed up a bold ticket-balancing maneuver in choosing his Vice President and then permitted minor supporters to veto Mayor Kevin White of Boston, his first choice among the availables.

The fascinating story of the selection of personable Sen. Tbomas Eagleton of Missouri starts with McGoverns long-ago private decision not to take a Southerner on his ticket.

Although McGovern had dropped repeated hints that four Southern governors were eminently suited as his running-mate (a common political ploy) neither they nor Rep. WUbur Mills of Arkansas ever had a chance.

The Southern governors never could meet demands of ideological purity imposed by McGoverns followers.

But Mills might have been different. He privately agreed to run when McGovern sent an emissary to see him, bringing ttie ticket the same geographic-ideological balance that Lyndon B. Johnson gave John F. Kennedy. More important, he would have appeased frightened businessm^i.

What finally knocked him out of contention was not so much his Southern base but his views on the war. As a McGovern aide told us:

How could we sell our troops WUbur when he still supports the Nixon position on the war? Answer we couldnt.

Wifh SnrfHvi)0r^^^^^ Knnedy closing the door, McGovern ThuFsday rtrof* ning made his second effort to persuade Sen. Abraham Ribicoff of Connecticut, a Senate intimate. Ribicoff again said no and McGovern then confided that Mayor White was his choice.

White had been in the front

of the Senators mind for weeks as an attractive, urban Catholic who, while not helping in the hostile South, might have appeased embittered big city Democrats. With Komedy and Ribicoff unavaUable, frantic calls to clear White poured from McGoverns command post here.

By one account, Kennedy, a Massachusetts factional opponent of White, cleared the mayor without hesitation. By a contradictory account, Kennedy said things: he had no objection to Whifte, but Eagleton was preferable and McGovern should sound out the Massachusetts convention delegates.

Thats where the trouble startedand uiiere the veto came. The Cambridge intellectuals, led by such liberal ideologues as Prof. John Kenneth Galbraith, an economist with little political experience, were furious. They reminded McGovern emissaries that White had been chairman of the Ul-fated delegate slate pledge to Sen. Edmund Muskie. Moreover, he smacked of the old politics.

That finished White and McGovern tajM>ed Eagleton, also big city and CathoUc but cut from a Midwestern upper middle-class cloth that lacks Whites old politics image.

Even then, trouble continued. In the interest of party harmony back home, Elagleton asked Gov. Warren Hearnes, an implacable McGovern foe all year and still deeply skeptical, to place his name in nomination a routine act with symbolic significance. Hearnes agreed.

McGovern lieutenants, howevr, had othr plans riot

One of the most dramatic moments in recent political history came a little before 10 oclock on Tuesday night, when they rolled George Wallace in his wheelchair to the bright blue podium of the Democratic National Convention. It had been a day of poignant moments: I ask leave to speak to them.

And Humphrey

Earlier in the afternoon, we had jammed into the littered room, snaked with television cables, where Hubert Humphrey made his last hurrah. The happy warrior was close to tears. So were some of the correspondents who had covered his long labors on the campaign trail.

They offered a great

contrast, at once ironic and moving: The abandoned Humphrey, the crippled Wallace. Tuesday brought an end to the road for both of them. The city is full of bellicose rumors that Wallace will yet lead a third-party bolt, but the prospect is largely discounted. He will go back to being governor of Alabama. Humphrey will return to a role of public service as junior senator from Minnesota. The stage empties. New stars emerge.

The curious thing is that both of them, Wallace and Humphrey, approaching from opposite sides, could have plucked so closely at the heart strings of America.

Wallace was not at his best

Other Editors Say Cost A Lot More

confided tp Eagleton. Their choice' fbf^ the omiatg speech was black Mayor Kenneth Gibson of Newark a highly deserved tribute to Gibsons skillful mediation of platform disputes. Naturally, Hearness passion to work for the ticket, not now over-(Contlnned on page 6)

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WHAT IS FREEDOM?

Some people hold that the way to be free is to be free of any restraint. A person who has this point of view believes that to be free means to be free to follow ones own desires, to do as one wants to do on all occasions and in every situation.

The truth of the matter is that freedom of this sort is not freedom at all but servitude. There is no one more in slavery than the one who is constantly being scourged by his own impulses. The victim of any appetite a slave whether that appetite be for food, liquor, narcotics or sex. Ori the other hand, the person who can take an objective view of life, who has himself well in hand, and who can manage his desires as a good horseman manages the animal he rides is free in the highest sense of the term.

The more a scientist conforms himself to natural law, the more successful he is. In fact, science is the quest men make to discover the way natural law works. Suppose natural laws were unpredictable. Life would not only be a chaos, but human existence would be a continuous, agonizing hell.

The person who has no control of himself is lost. He is lost because he has never found the true secret of life. For at the very core of all lifes happiness lies^ the capacity of a human being to ada|4 himself to the world in which he Uves. The more he obeys law, the more does he adapt himsdf to society, to the natural world and to the kingdom of God.

All pure and undefiled satisfaction has its roots in elf-control.

< >By Earl Douglass

(JacksonvUle DaUy News)

Hie inevitable has happened.

Back many years ago now it became apparent that skyjackings were not going to be a few isolated incidents, a passing threat to the traveling public that would run a brief aberrational course and go away.

As the pattern progressed from the early forced flights to asylum in Cuba to seizures for a variety of political causes to the current skyjackuigs for escalating ransoms, it was increasingly apparent that eventually the public was going to suffer much more than inconvenience.

At San Francisco it happened the death of a passenger in the shoot-out between FBI agents and skyjackers.

There are many who, whUe regretting that death and the several injuries in that and previous incidents, will nevertheless approve the FBIs decision to meet the chaUenge by a frontal assault. Just as there were many who earlier applauded the IsraeUs in setting the hard-line precedents for the storming of hostage airliners.

Force is certainly one way of answering force.

Not many of those speaking up for force, however, are th^nselves involved in the business of flying passengers. Even fewer are likely to have had the personal experirace of a skyjacking.

Tliose who know it best, the flight crews, insist the skyjacking threat be met on the ground, by adequate passenger screening and other security measures. 4

This was the demand, directed at governments and airline managamant^ that took pilola.aut an m -apoltily ^active worldwide strike in June.

Whether due to the strike, the bbvious toreat ti> p^$enger lif^ and limb or cold econonjicsthe financial pain to the airlines in the ransixns the demand now seems to be getting a more attentive hearing.

Several federM agencies, the airlines and outside experts are newly and energetically committed to developing effective procedures and equipment to thwart the skyjackers. Passenger screening mag be expected to be employed more widely and concientiously and use of weapon detectors, financed by $3.5 million voted by Congress, greatly expanded.

That likely is only the down payment.

Skyjacking, which was unacceptable in the early milknm flights to Havana, is now intolerable.

Effectively ending the threat to public safety will be an expensive proposition for the airlines, the government and quite possibly the ticket-buying public.

But we cannot afford to do otherwise.

Tuesday night. This ought to be made clear to those who saw him for the first time on television and may have wondered about the governors reputation for igniting a crowd. His terrible wounds plainly have taken a terrible toll. He is drained of the twinkle, the strut and the swagger. Two months ago, before the assassin struck, Wallace had a pool-cue thrust to his strokes, a perfect spin on the ball. He used to say pseudo as if he were spitting out the bitter end of a wet cigar; Psuedo-intellectuals. These were the professors who couldnt park their bicycles straight.

Tuesday night, he lacked the old zing.

Yet Wallace was essentially right in his brief presentation to the convention. He sat there quietly, those black brows tented over a drawn face, while the Wallace banners waved in a handful of states. Then he spoke to an alien audience of the part of America he came to understand so well in recent years: Wallace

country, where the people are fed up to the ears with busing, with wasteful foreign aid, with loafers on welfare, with costly bureaucracy, with permissive attitudes toward thugs on the streets.

It is true, all of it, and though the convention rejected each of the Wallace minority platform planks, the day will come this fall when George McGovern of necessity will make some of the same appeals.

So, too, with Humphrey. One saw him through a blur of reminiscence. In the days when he first emerged on the national stage, I was a Southern editor. That may say it all. He was the ardent, uncompromising liberal from Minnesota, a founder of AmSffcas" fdf T3^oeiTO^ ^ ^tion, a foremost proponoit of what was known then as the Fair Employment Practices Ck>mmission. We used to grind the syllables in our teeth: Eff, eee, pee, cee. When we werent scourging Dean Acheson, we were flaying Hubert Humphrey.

Yet he was right, too. Out of the essential goodness of his heart, out of his humanity, out of his love of people, came some of the towering landmarks of American law today. Because of Hubert Humphrey, because of his (Continued on page 6)

Id like to hear all about your vacation, but I guess itll have to wait until I get back. Im leaving on my own vacation in half an hour.

You put on a few pounds, didnt you?

Oh, is that where you went? We stayed there year before last. Is it still as terrible as ever?

Its a good thing you came back so soon, Gieorge. That guy \dio filled in for you did a great job.

Think of all the things you could buy now if youd just stayed home and saved your money.

Your children behaved like perfect little angels, but Im glad youre back. Your daughter has the mumps and your son broke his collar bone yesterday, and right now hes getting pretty fretful.

I knew Id left one of the gas jets on the stove burning. It has been burning for two whole weeks. Heaven knows what our gas bill will be this month.

We missed you, George. But that new guy who filled in for you is an awful nice guy, too.

I didnt even notice youd gone until yesterday.

The first thing I found in the mail this morning was a letter from that vacation lodge saying they had undercharged us $124.50, and asking you to send a check for that amount by return mail. Can they do that to us?

I know you said you had a fine time on your vacation, but tell me. what was it really like?

Of course, I want to hear about your vacation. But first I want to tell you about mine. You look tired. What you need is a vacation from your vacation.

Wed love to come over and see the pictures you took on your vacation, George. Shall we make it next month some-(Continued on page 6)

40 Years Ago Today

By GWYNCOGHILL The long awaited treaty between the United States and Canada for the tremendous St. Lawrence Seaway and power project was signed in Washington this morning. The treaty, wfefeli^ remains

subject to Jegislative ratifieations in both countries, calls for splitting in half the estimated $543,(X)0,000 cost for a 27 foot waterway from the sea to all Canadian and American points on the Great Lakes.

James Cagney in The Crowd Roars starts Tuesday at the State Theatre. Playing today only is Joe E. Brown in The Tenderfoot.

The East Carolina baseball club defeated Simpson 5 to 4 in an eleven inning contest here yesterday afternoon.

Congress Joining Disease Fight

By CARL C. CRAFT Associated Prett Writer WASHINGTON (AP) -Congress is moving to intensify attacks on Americas chief filler and communicable diseases despite Nixon administration opposition to key parts of the billion-dollar battle plans.

Two comprehensive healthfund authorization WHs, similar to measures which the Senate passed without dissent, were due for House action today.

One would provide a three-year, $1.29 bilUon program aimed at curbing heart, blood veaael. htiig and Uood dis-

easesAmericas leading killers. The other would extend the communicable disease control program for three years under a $270 million plan to combat venereal diseases, German measles and tuberculosis.

The heart bill is envisioned as a companion to the recently enacted $1.6 billion anti-cancer law. The Senates version of the heart legislation authorizes $1.47 billion over three years, about double the present rate of spending. The Senate-passed bill on communicable disaases contains a five-year authorization of $780 miUion.

The House Commerce Committee approved a more conservative funding level in both bills but retained several organizational features such as grants to states and local communities in the communicable disease control bill, and the handling of research ,and treatment programs through federal facilities in the fight against heart and lung diseases.

The administration has opposed organizational features of the legislation and contends the earmarking of funds would Umit flexibility. It objected to the categorical grant programs on grounds

there is sufficient legal power already available for control of communicable disease.

The key features of the heart. bill include creating new research centers, speeding up the federal grant process, setting up a national heart and lung advisory group, and requiring a national frfan covering a wide range of prevention and research programs.

The communicable disease control bill would focus $150 million on venereal disease, which officials call an epidemic. Reported cases of gonorrhea rose from 260,468 in 1962 to 624,-371 in 1971.'mm