41W Daily Reflector, GreeavUle. N.C.Wedaes4ay. December 1. 1171

Idea Appears To Make Sense

CAMP-FOLLOWER!

There obviously are many arguments to be made a^inst high school students serving on juries in criminal cases, but the idea seeihs to make sense in a case tried in Alaska.

In a case involving a 16-year-old girl charged

Noise Often A Great Polluter

with drug violations, the judge, prosecutor and

By BRYAN HAISLIP RALEIGH Stop and listen. What does your en* vironment sound like?

The snarl and whine of traffic. The clatter and throb of machinery. The glare of radio and television. They

BRYAN

HAISLIP

make up the discordant symphony of life in the 20th century tempo.

The most insidious form of pollution may not be smog and wastei^isposal at all, but noise. In fs^ the time is near when a moment of quiet will be as hard to find as a drink of clean water and a breath of pure air.

For the average Tar Heel, the day is filled with sounds which jangle the nerves, distract the attention and interfere with work or play, and cause varying levels of disquiet and irritability.

Its an old problem noise with a new name (aural pollution) which has government officials and citizens engaged in a frustrating search for solutions.

A survey of legal noise abatement efforts in North Carolina is given by David G. Warren in the latest issue of Popular Government, the publication of the Institute of Government at Chapel Hill. Sporadic. Limited Attack In sum, Warren said the attack has been sporadic and limited in success. For the most part, attempts to control noise have been marked by the confusion inherent in the definition of those noises to be prohibited.

One generations noise is another generations music, as parents of any teenager can testify. As in the case of obscenity, Warren intimated, the crux of the dilemma is identification of those noises which have no socially redeeming value and should be forbidden.

Noise abatement is largely the province of local governments, under nuisance statutes. Most North Carolina municipalities have some kind of ordinances prohibiting loud, unnecessary and disturbing noises.

That does not turn on the peculiar sensibilities of a person or group, as the courts recognized back in 1875 in holding that a noisome parade celebrating the Emancipation Proclamation was not a nuisance per se or on its facts.

Courts Recognized Problem Warren, an Institute staff member whose field includes health law, said the courts of North Carolina ruled as early as 1904 that frightful noises could injure health and destroy the comfort of ones home. In that case, broi^t against a cotton mill, the

court found a steamwhistle not to be a nuisance but granted that it could be in some cases.

The rule hinger upon degree. Warren quoted from a court opinion:

Where noise accompanies an otherwise lawful pursuit, whether such a noise is a nuisance depends on the locality, the degree of intensity and disagreeableness of the sound, their times and frequency, and their effect, not on peculiar and unusual individuals but ordinary,

normal and reasonable persons of the locality.

A number of North Carolina cities have adopted noise control measures patterned after a model ordinance prepared by the National Institute of

Municipal Law Officers

(NIMLO). The Greensboro version was upheld by the State Court of Appeals in a case in which five motorcyclists were arrested for disturbing a residential

section.

Exactness Not Required The ordinance in question does not define in decibels the intensity of the noise to be prohibited thereby, but such exactness is not required, the court said. The words loud and unnecessary have a commonly accepted meaning and they give sufficient warning to anyone who has the desire to obey the ordinance.

Nevertheless, Warren added, even if this type of ordinance is not un-consitutionally vague, it is vague enough to make enforcement more difficult. That noise is more than an annoyance has been demonstrated by medical research. Prolonged exposure to high levels of sound can produce permanent hearing loss, which is covered under North Carolinas workmens compensation law.

Although conclusive proof that noise causes physical ailments other than loss of hearing has not been presented, Warren said, some physicians have reported a connection between excessive noise and heart disease, migraine headaches, gastro-intestinal disorders, and some allergies.

Psychological damage, though harder to prove, also seems evident. Some investigators even report a connection between excessive noise and mental disorders, Warren noted.

In the long run, effective measures against noise pollution depend not only upon an aroused public and legislative bodies but also the cooperation of the scientific and industrial community, he said. Control at the source can result, he explained, through the design and utilization of quiet machines, tools, vehicles, production methods, industrial processes, and other essential and nonessential soundmakers that are part of our environment.

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up of 12 members of a high school government class. They further agreed that the verdict of the teenage jury would be binding on the court. Hie trial was stopped for lack of evidence before a verdict was reached.

There have been other instances in Alaska in which teenage juries have been used, but in those cases the jury rendered advisory opinions which were not binding on the court. This time the jury of high sctKxd students had the same authority as adult juries, although the state attorney general has since decided against the plan.

The trial was a smart move, it seemk to us. In all probability, a jury of 12 high school students would know more about drugs and drug problems than a random jury of adults. As l^ school government students, the youngsters who made up the jury probably had about as good an understanding of the working of the courts, obligations under the laws and the responsibility of juiy duty as many adults. There is no reason to believe that these younger persons who made up this special jury were any less inclined to be completely fair than a jury made up of older citizens.

While we do not expect to see youngsters of high school age serving on juries as a general rule, there are probably many cases in which the cause of justice would be better served by a jury of youngsters than by a jury of adults.

North Carolina might well profit by trying teenage juries at least on an experimental basis.

Pompidou Meeting Is A Practical Prelude

Added to the list of world leaders with whom President Nixon plans to meet; is President Georges Pompidou of FYance.

The two heads of state will meet in the Azores Dec. iMUodiscuss international questions, it was announced.

Certainly it is appropriate that the president meet with the head of a nation which has long been our friend before making the trips to Peking and Moscow.

Relations between Paris and Washington have not always been smooth in recent years, but the United States and France should remain the closest of nations.

Sen. Muskie's inois Coup

beside each delegate-candidates name.

Originally, this new procedure was not expected to significantly weaken the iron control over Illinois delegations exercised by Daley the past four conventions. Illinois was one state where Muskies

national strategists planned no challenge against uncommitted delegates.

What changed this was the aggressive campaign here by Sen. George McGovern, running delegates throughout the state. Organization Democrats in some of these districts broke into a cold sweat, fearing that insurgents wearing the McGovern label would defeat uncommitted regulars. Hence, many ogled the Muskie label as a ticket for regular delegates to Miami Beach.

An example is the new 12th iiJongressioTial District in Chicagos north suburbs, within the realm of Cook County Democratic chairman Daley. The districts Democratic regulars believe they would be overwhelmed by McGovern delegates and, getting no instructions from chairman Daley, are working with Muskie strat^sts to form a slate of Muskie-pledged delegates. Only a call from the ffth floor would dissuade them.

The result: the Muskie campaign contemplates delegate races in all 12 downstate Congressional districts, all five suburban (Continued on page 5)

By ROWLAND EVANS andROBERTNOVAK

CHICAGO - Sen. Edmund S. Muskie is well on his way toward a coup of the utmost national importance: clinching some 100 of this states 170 Democratic convention delegates without angering Mayor Richard J. Daley of Chicago.

Muskie men are quietly planning to run Muskie-pledged national convention delegates in almost all downstate and suburban districts and perhaps some Chicago districts. Riding Muskies popularity, these delegate-candidates will be strong favorites to give the Senator nearly two-thirds of the big delegation. Whats more, the March 21 Illinois primary comes early enough for major impact on the Presidential nomination.

The question mark is Dick Daley, the Celtic Buddha of City Hall veiling his intentions. So far, Muskies delegate-seeking efforts have encountered no objections from Daley and, in fact, have been privately encouraged by some Daley lieutenants. Nevertheless, Muskie strategists are listening carefully for a veto from the fifth floor of the city-county building.

Muskies opportunity for a coup in Illinois derives from new primary rules under which 150 of the states 170 Democratic convention delegates will be elected by district with either his choice for Presidait or an uncommitted designation

Strength For Today

THINK IT OVER We read in the Bible that when Jesus and his disciplqs had sung a hymn they went out into the Mount of Olives (Matthew 26:30) Would we have liked that music? Probably not unless we like what is designated today as modern music. People stopped their ears and rushed out of the opera house whm the music of the famous Richard Wagner was first played. Did you ever watch an Indian war dance and listen to their music? Or maybe you just dont like music.

Everything changes with the passing of time. Everyone remembers the horror of the musician who found that his meat was wrapped up in paper that was obviously musical manuscript. Oh yes, said the butcher, one , of my ancestors a guy

By ART BUCHWALD

Booing Has Defenders

WASHINGTON -Washington is still in shock from a booing incident that took place at the last Redskin home football game at RFK Stadium. It seems that the Redskin fans who had been eufrfioric about the teams early winning streak started to boo Coach George Allen because he refused to replace quarterback Billy Kilmer .with Sonny Jurgenspn, who had been out with injuries.

The fact that the Redskin fans would boo a team they had been cheering a few games back even shook up president Nixon, who made a

surprise visit to the Redskin camp to reassure the players that he was rooting for them.

While most responsible people in Washington deplored the booing, my friend Lem Katcawler defended it.

Booing is as American as apple pie, he said to me. If we cant boo at a football game, were no better than the Russians.

But Lem, I protested, youre not supposed to boo your own team.

Thats how much you know about booing. Everyone knows that booing is a form of

emotional release. There was a time. Ill admit, when booing the other side was sufficient to get the juices flowing. But in the world we live in today the only real satisfaction fans get is booing their own team.

It seems awfully cruel, I said.

Perhaps, said Lem, but everyone is doing it and not

ART

I Public Forum I

;i

iLettera sttlnnitted for public forum must be limited to SOO^-: X words)

To The Editor:

At the December 2 City C^ouncil meeting. Council members will be asked to take a crucial step toward the creation of a Day Care Center at the Moyewood Housing Project for lower income families. Council members will be asked to free $9,000 to start state and federal matching fund operations which would multiply this $9,000 to a total of $72,000 a sum which would very adequately begin such a program.

'The League of Women Voters of Greenville-Pitt County believes the City Council should make this initial investment. We, as a League, have long officially felt that day care facilities are essential if jobs are to replace welfare checks for mothers of young children in these lower income areas. However, we have also officially stated that such programs should be more than custodial care that child development must be included. The {H-oposed Moyewood program meets both our criteria.

Children will be carefully screened so that children whose mothers stand the best chance of gaining employment will be admitted. The (Center itself may provide jobs for some of the mothers throi^h openings for teacher aides jobs these mothers can be trained to fill.

'The child development -aspect Moyewood would -be carefully supervised. The director, we understand, hopefully will have a masters degree in child development. Teachers will have college degrees. The Center plans to work closely with the East Carolina University School of Home Economics and its child development program.

The citys contingency fund, we understand, contains $15,000 for Moyewood, if needed. We can think of no greater need for $9,000 of this than the start of a Day Care Center which would serve close to 40 children in the West Greenville area. If one childs life is helped by this $9,000 we feel that it is a small price to pay.

Sincerely,

Mrs. Natalie Clark, President

League of Women Voters of Greenville-Pitt County

Miss Margaret A. Blanchard

Chairman, Human Resources (Committee

League of Women Voters of Greenville-Pitt Ctounty

Boyle

Views ^ Life

By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK (AP) Some things we could all do without:.

Grocory prices going iq>, wages standing still.

Dollars that ain^ what they

BUCHWALD

just at football gapies. Children are booing grownups, grownups are booing long hairs, voters are booing politicians, students are booing speakers and rank-and-file workers are booing their own labor leaders. There is 75 percent more booing going on in this country than there was 20 years ago.

Why is that? Everybody is mad, said Lem, and they have to take it out on somebody. All of us have been brought up on the axiom that the only thing that counts in life is to win. So when somebody is losing, the natural thing to do is to boo him.

But maybe if you cheered, it would help him win, I protested.

Thatsoldhat, Lem said. Theres so little to cheer about any more that people actually feel sihy when they do it. Besides nobody pays any attention to people who cheer. Its the man who boos that everyone worries

about.

I guess Im old-

fashioned, I said, but I feel much better when I cheer than when I boo.

Anyone who cheers anything today is living in a fantasy world, Lem said. Whats there to shout about?

I dont know; Lem, but there has to be something. (Continued on page 5)

used to be.

Amateur harp players.

Sex brags and confessions at cocktail parties.

Gocks in bars that show the face reversed and thus further muddle the confused minds of ^veteran martini drinkers.

Cats at home which refuse to enjoy canned food like the amiable cats in the television commercials.

Finding that your fly-swatting average has dropped at least 20 points in the last 10 years. With old fly-swatters, its the speed thats first to go.

Having to do without breakfast on a 30-day diet just to lose 30 ounces.

Figuring out the pension pay youll get when you retire and whether, in order to exist, youll have to build a tree house on the back yard and rent your home to strangers.

Writing a love song and trying to get it published.

Going to a natural history museum with a youngster and being asked to identify by name all the dinosaurs shown there.

The comparison between the way fried onions taste when you eat them and how they feel in the stomach four hours later.

The sickly look of feigned gratitude you get from a young married couple for the silver-plated tray you gave them as a wedding gift. They assure you that of the 24 trays they got yours was the lovelist.

Reading an explanation of what the U.Sp monetary policy really isand isnt.

Shopping for a trustworthy secondhand car in an auto lot run by a dealer whose eyes are ' (Continued on page 5)

40 Years Ago Today

By GWYN COGHILL Dec. 1,1831 The book circulation at Leppard Memorial Library is increasing with the coming of winter weather. During the four afternoon hours yesterday, 256 books were taken out. This was an average of 64 books per hour.

The League of Nations Council tonight adopted its resolution offering a solution to the Manchurian dispute. Japans demand for the right to take action against bandits in Manchuria was not included in the final Manchurian Resolution completed late this afternoon by the drafting committee.

Friday night in the high school auditorium the young people of Jarvis Memorial Church will sponsor the play The Patsy with Miss Elizabeth Moore playing the lead of Patricia and Archie Sugg playing opposite her.

U.S. Paints Self Into Corner

named Bach wrote music and we have a lot of it stored up in om- attic. When we didnt have enough wrapping paper for our meat we just used that crazy stuff that the ancestor had written.

For thousands of years people read from scrolls which required the use of two hands. At last someone conceived the idea of cutting up the scrolls into pages and making a book. And werent they amazed at the simplicity of it all! Why hadnt somebody thought of it before?

Some of us have seen dread diseased wiped from the face of the earth. Yes, we know what you are thinking about * and it will come some day

anfl doctors will kick themselves all over the {dace for not having though of it sooner.

By Earl L. Doaglass

By ELMER ROESSNER

The United States has painted itself in one comer in its dealings with Japan. We have sold them a Western diet; hamburgers, hot dogs,

' barbecued chicken and wheat. They like it. In fact, Japan has gone a long way from a rice-eating country to a wheat-eating one.

This has been a boon to American farmers and American business.. Japan is a fne market for our huge wheat crop and has enabled the U.S. to get back some of the millions we have been spending there for textiles, electronics and other products.

And while the Japanese have been enjoying bread and buns of wheat, huge surpluses or rice have been building up in Japan. Rice culture is' centuries old in Nippon. Generations of the same family have cultivated the

same paddies since days lost in time. ,

In the past, Japan often produced less rice than it needed, and it imported the

ELMER

ROESSNER

grain from Thailand, Burma and other nations. But with the preference for wheat, huge surpluses developed. Burdensome Piles of Rice

For four years, 1967 through 1970, Japan stockpiled its surplus rice. But the costs of the rice and storage became so burdensome that steps were taken to reduce the hoard.

In 1969, pccQr(ling to the U.S. Foreign Agriculture Service, Japan made export agreements with Korea,

Indonesia, Pakistan and Okinawa to take 422,000 metric tons of brown (unhulled) rice on bargain terms.

In 1970, Japan agreed to export 1.2 million more to developing countries on deferred-payment terms. Through July of this year, Japan agreed to sell 448,000 tons more. In addition, it decided to sell old-crop rice to its formula feed industry for cattle, hot and poultry feeds.

Unloading Continues

At present, the country is conveying about 120,000 tons a month into feed, suggesting that it is disposing of 1.4 million tons this year, the FAS calculates. The Japanese Feed Agency announce last March that it ufould release about 2 million tons a year in fiscal 1971,1972, and 1973.

Meanwhile thegpvemmrat is encoiiraging farmers to

shift from rice to other crops. Progress has been slow, however, and the 1970 crop was only 9 per emit less than the 1969 crop. Now the government offers cash payment for land diverted to other crops or left fallow.

Japanese farmers, however, are no less wily than the American. Like ours, they are tempted to divert part of their land to other crops and fertilize the remainder intensely.

Meanwhile, unleading the surplus is hurting American farmers. It lowors the price for our rice exports, it cuts into our overseas markets for wheat in poor nations udio will eat rice instead, and it reduces our market for feedgrains in Japan.

However, ou* market for breadgrains in Japan remains strong end, who knows, now we may interest Mainland Qiina in wheat bread and hot dogs.