4The Dally Reflector, Greenville. N. C.Thursday, March 5,1970

Amazi' Boom In South

Koreo

THE HANDMAIDEN!

To anyone who spent time in South Korea when the war was raging there during the early 1950s, reports of the booming economy and super highway construction there are nothing short of amazing.

Seventeen years ago South Korea was a war-ravaged nation. There were virtually no paved roads in the country. The government and business buildings that had been the heart of Seoul were either destroyed or unsafe because of shelling and bombing. The populace had shifted back and forth as Communist and allied forces moved through the country to finally settle on the demarcation line. Most of people at the wars end lived in simple huts at best or the shacks of Pusan at worst.

Now, however, in the 17 years since a truce was reached, South Koreas economy has boomed. For

Heartened By New Attitudes

the

l>- KDU ARD CODY Associated Press Writer CHARLOTTE (AP) - The Nixon administrations recent statements on school desegregation provide fresh hope to school officials and white parents fighting a determined battle against massive busing to desegregate Charlotte-Mecklenburg schools, the largest school system, in North Carolina.

Buoyed by what they consider a changing national atmosphere on court-ordered desegregation for the South, members of the city-county board of education have carried their fight to the U. S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals. Most of the nine member - board believe the appellate court, heeding what they feel is a change in .the .desegregation climatfe signaled from Washington, will find U. S. Dist. Judge James B. McMillan went too far in a Feb. 5 desegregation order for the 85,000-pupil school system.

School officials say the order, which requires execution by May 4, calls for busing 23,000 pupils. ITiey say it would cost $3.5 million to carry it out this spring, and $1 million a year to keep it in operation.

Robert H. Finch, secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, got front-page attention in Charlottes largest newspaper this week when he said such sweeping desegregation decisions as in Charlotte and Los Angeles were totally unrealistic and moving in the wrong direction.

Charlotte and Los Angeles, also facing a court orcter which school officials contend requires busing thousands of children at prohibitive expense, have been singled out by Finch on other occasions as examples of orders pushing beyond the frontiers of reason.

William E. Poe, an attorney who is chairman of the Charlotte -Mecklenburg Board of Education, says Finchs declarations and those of other administration officials are straws in the wind signaling a retreat frorn the uncompromising line followed recently by appeals courts and the U. S. Supreme Court.

I think it definitely has an "effect. he said in an inter; view: I think it will have an appreciable feffect in what the courts are going to do.-i School board attorneys have asked the appeals court to grant a stay of execution of McMillans order pending the outcome of hearings.

Their request contends it would be disastrous for the

board to spend money for buses now in view of the probability that the defendant appallants (the board) will prevail in their appeal. Thomas B. Harris, an insurance man leading white parents in their denunciation of the order, and in a campaign to boycott public schools if it is carried out, says he found tremendous enthusiasm when he led a delegation to Washington recently. The delegation complained about the order to White House aides, HEW officials and North Carolina congressmen.

Harris believes Washington has begun to realize school desegregation is a national problem, not a Southern problem. He says once Northerners come face to face with the prospect Of seeing their own children bused, the pressure for immediate de^gregation will wane North "and South.

But many Charlotte housewives and working fathers remain cautious of the administrations public declarations ag^ihst busing, and confused by the swirl of conflicting court decisions they see reported. They appear unconvinced relief is in the offing.

I think it is sensed by leaders, not the public, said Poe. This is terribly confusing to the public at large. Theres been so much talk, observed the mother of a child who would be bused out of his comfortable white neighborhood under the McMillan order. And of course talk is cheap. Lets see some action.

Some of the public confusion is intentional, Poe believes.

I have had the feeling that theres a certain amount of duplicity on the part of the administration, he said. He cited the apparent gap between administration statements and Nixons position on House-passed antibusing legislation watered down this week in the Senate.

Senate liberals claimed during debate on the amendments that Nixon stood behind their successful effort to invalidate the antibusing provisions.

Harris also acknowledged even while the antibusing amendments were still alive that congressional action was more psychological than full of substance.

But he cited this psychological drift away from hardline desegregation enforcement as one of the signs the country would not embrace further school desegregation North or South if it meant large-scale busing.

better or worse, that monument to progress super highway has come to South Korea.

The New York Times reported Sunday on the progress of an American style interstate type road which will be completed from Seoul to Pusan this summer. At that time the last link in the super highway, which stretches almost the full north-south length to South Korea? will be opened. The highway runs through the country side where the ancient staple, rice, is still grown by methods of cultivation which reach back through the centuries. Yet it is symbolic of South Koreas move into the industrial

I. t-

Other branches of the super highway are planned to the east and west so that eventually all sections of the nation will be linked.

South Korea has lifted itself from a low economic point following the end of armed conflict in 1953. The super highway stretching from Seoul to Pusan is an indication of the nations determination to build a strong economy.

Americans In Trouble With Narcotics Toll

To us, nothing is more tragic than the death of young people due to drugs.

Thus it is discouraging to learn that five people, 20 and under, died in New York over the weekend from heroin poisoning.

To date this year there have been 35 deaths among teen-agers from drugs, plus nine 20 year olds.

Last year there were 900 drug deaths in New York and 224 of these were teen-agers.

If the problem is that serious in New York, it is multiplied many times over across the nation, and there is much reason to believe the problem is getting worse.

It is already obvious that the nation is in real trouble with illegal drug traffic and it is going to take a national effort to bring the problem under control.

'" '*r s

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fa

Fear

Eye

Eclipse

Damage

By BRIAN SULLIVAN AP Science Writer

NEW YORK (AP) Two major organizations of eye specialists have expressed grave concern over the danger of eye damage to persons watching Saturdays eclipse of the sun.

The American Association of Oirfithalmology and the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness emphasized the following points through the National Science Foundation: Incautious watching of an eclipse may result in burning the retina, the delicate back inner layer of the eye where images are transmitted to the brain.

You cant tell when such damage is taking place because the retina is insensitive to pain.

The damage produces a blank spot in an individuals field of visionat the vital area used for reading and fine seeing.

The damage is permanent incurable.

While sunglasses, smoked glass or photographic film may eliminate the glare, they do not block infra-red rays that can cause damaging burns.

The ophthalmologists offered this advice:

You can see the eclipse better by not watching it. Instead do what the experts (k)watch the image of the eclipse using a pinhole device.

A projector for use in watching the eclipse may be made with two pieces of white cardboard. A pinhole or pencil hole in the top card-

By JAMES J. KILPATRICK

A Few Medicis Needed

board will project and focus the image of the eclipse on the second cardboard.

.nie size of the image may be changed by altering the distance between cardboards. Do not look at the sun through the pinhole.

U.S. Surgeon General Jesse L. Steinfeld says the safest way to watch the eclipse is on television.

In the past, he said, the majority of eclipse eye injuries occurred in children from 9 to 15 years of age.

Tlie blindness society found 247 cases of eye damage after the last major solar eclipse in the United States,in 1963, and it checked fewer than half the countrys ophthalmologists.

TTie only tin^e it is safe to look at an eclipW is when it is in its total phase. The mom'ent the m(X)n moves to allow light to flow past, the danger returns.

Saturdays eclipse,* weather permitting, may be seen in totality by millions along the southeast coast of the United States, in Mexico, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.

A partial eclipse will be visible generally over all of North America except northwestern Alaska, Central America and northwestern South America. ^4 The mountains of southern ' Mexico have attracted a large number of scientists who will be studying such things as the suns corona, its gaseous outer atmosphere, which can only be seen well during a total eclipse.

The length of totality for areas in the path of the eclipse will average about three minutes.

Saturday Review magazine devoted most of a recent issue to a melancholy look at the business of culture. From the several essays, this conclusion emerged: Business is bad. Our major , cultural institutions are just about broke. Only a new infusion of money big money will save them.

The story, of course, is not new. Symphony orchestras have starved from time immemorial. What is new, and deeply troublesome, is the spiraling magnitude of the' problem. AVid for the conservative, who believes in limited government and in free competition in the marketplace of taste, tte [N'oblem has broils like a French horn.

Briefly, this is the picture: In 1%3,' the countrys 90 principal orchestras spent 12^,8^(1000. and reported a cash loss for the season of $170,000. This was bearable. But last year, their expenses mounted to $66,800,000, and the estimated cash loss jumped to $5,216,000. This is hardly bearable at all, and the outlook is bleak: By 1972, according to the orchestra presidents,' the cost will mount to $87,000,000, and the deficit to $13,222,000.

Rougl^ the same picture obtains throughout the performing arts. Grand opera barely surviv^. Ballet companies struggle to stay alive. Repertory theater is in

trouble. And beyond the performing arts, in the lonely world of the painter and sculptor, the outlook is desperate.

Now, culture is no. properly speaking, a business. If it were, the problem could be approached on classic economic lines. A symphony manufacturer couW be urged to increase his productivity, to cut his expenses, to raise his prices, or to diversify his line of products. All this failing, we would let him go broke.

The rules do not apply. As. several of the Saturday Review contributors remark, there is little,^an orchestra can do to increase' its productivity. A second violinist, playing , the Beethoven Third, performs the same labor his grandfather did. Automation cannot help him. Ticket prices have been raised to a point of diminishing returns. The salaries of professional musicians creep up as irresistibly as a progression of major scales.

What to do? It is clear, says Amyas Ames, speaking for the orchestra presidents, that the American orchestras must have government support.

But is this clear? Is it a proper function of government, especially of the Federal government, to support - symphony orchestras? Can public funds

Public Forum

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~ ^ ----

Strength For Today

To,the Editi*:

I to am concerned about air pollution: gasoline, jet fuels, tobacco bam curing fuels, etc., but I hesitate to go so far as to throw out the fireplace.

We seem to haye suc-^ cessfully divested man of his morals, his god, his family, his sexuality, but do we now have to attack his remaining symbol of an ancient heritage which he has somehow preserved for thousands of years as an almost religious experience with nature?

With all of our wonderful , technology and inventive geniuses who are currently ' developing such things as jet

fuel filters etc., could no a few minutes be given to developing a filter for our old friend the common fireplace; or. isnt he commercially prcrfitable enough to warrant special help?

.At least our old friend doesnt give off invisible lead fumes the way heating oil fuel does, and it certainly isnt radioactively dangerous the way the new nuclear-power plants will be with their resultant pollution, arid he cant even develop gas leaks. It could be man needs his fireplace.

Sincerely,

' Mrs. Tom Long Greenville

properly be applied to the preservation of grand opera, ballet, and living theater? If paying customers will not support the culture business, should the moribund business be kept alive by injections of public money?

These are not simple questions. Obviously, tax funds may be used in certain specific ways for concerts in schools and parks, for sculpture in a public square, for the maintenance of a public museum. This is not what the debate is about. What troubles the conservative is the propriety of using tax funds to preserve a particular kind of en-- tertainment. Would we subsidize Guy Lombardo and his RoyalCanadians? Why, then, subsidize the New York Philharmonic?

Ames makes the argument that twenty i^illion persons attended symphony concerts last year. The figure fails to impress. A larger number went to the harness tracks. He remarks that nearly every city or more than 50,000 has at least a semi-pro orchestra. To which one responds that nearly every city of 50,000 once had at least a semi-pro ball club. Popular taste would not support the sandlot leagues; most .of them disappeared.

Tchaikowsky? Jones plays the bassoon and Smith plays second base. Can we say, through the tax collator,

Jones; the world has need of thee?

Of course great music should survive in America. The culture business cannot be permitted to go the way of trolley cars. All the sam.e, its first appeal ought not to be to government subsidy, but to a vast increase in private support. What we need are a few guys named Medici at the head of - corporation boards.

Office

Boy's

Loment

By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK (AP) Remarks that an office boy gets tired of hearing:

Hey, boy!

So youre the new office boy. Well, if you dont work out any better than the last one, you wont be around here very long.

Where the deuce is he now? Out in the washroom staring at his hair in the mirror again? I hear youre trying to grow a beard now, Wilbur. The best

HAL

BOYLE

way to get it started is to put fresh cream on your face and let the cat lick it off.

Fun is fun, but quit playing tricks on Wilbur. One of you guys sent him out last week to get a left-handed monkey wrench, and he didnt get back for three days. ,

Hey, boy!

I dont think you should tell that kind of joke with Wilbur here. After All. hes still a kid. Theres a lot of opportunity here, Wilbur. I started out as an office boy, just like you, and after only 15 years I got promoted to file clerk. That was 10 years ago, and now I think Im about to get promoted again.

No, I didnt call you into my office to give you a merit raise, Wilbur. I just need to get some indoor g(f practice. Would you mind standing over there on the far comer of the rug with your heels together and your toes apart? Now, what did I do with that putter?

Just cashed your check, Wil-' bur? How about being a good spc>rt and lend me $10 to tide me _ over the weekend? By the way, dont mention this to any of the other guys. They might not think it looks so good for me to borrow from a minor.

Your mother just phoned, Wilbur. She says for you to come straight home from work and get caught up on your sleep.

Dont fret about it, kid. When I was your age I had acne bumps on both sides of my face. Hey, boy!

Listen, fellows, let up on Wilbur a little today, will you? Hes been secretly sending a single rose every day to the vice presidents secretary, and this morning, he just found out shes leaving to get married. "

Wilbur wont be in tomorrow. He is leading some other night students in a demonstra-Wherefore. *tion to clean up City Hall.

You must be training to be a policeman, Wilbur. Youve never around when youve needed. Now where has he gone to? Hey, boy! Hey, boy! Hey, boy!

Opinions In Brief

Hope is ,^the best possession? None are com-pletely wretched but those who are without hope, and few are reduced as low as 3 that. William Hazlitt.

Quotes

Winning isnt everything, but wanting to win is. Vince Lombardi.

Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of fear not absence of fear. Mark Twain.

The worlds golden age of optimism, confidence and security has ended, says a scholar, 76. It proves that (dd folks, if they try hard enough, can be almost as gloomy as the under - 30 crowd.. Knoxville ,(Ky.) _ News-Sentinel.

-.f. ,

"BODAY-

J. Edgar ^'Hoover, a great national policeman who stands between the American people and their assailants, reveals to us that crime is increasing ?ix times as fast as the population. He has ^ written two books on the -ineYiace of communism. This is no crackpot speaking. He can document everything he says. No man in the history of our country has ever had his opportunity to know so much about subversion, treason.

' and designs of violence.

What has happened tothe human race? From the standpoint of economics, communism is hocus-pocus.

It is popolitipal chaos. It is not an ideology but a criminal conspiracy.

What has 'caused the tremendous increase in crime? Two world wars, the automobile, the growth of large cities, the prevalence of poverty, and unemployment -T these a^ pbwerful factors.

^t there would appear to be other causes. We cannot be sure what these causes are, but evil is at work in our midst.

- These are days of such '^solemn importance that we , cannot overestimate the jeopardy amid which ' we stand. To all other varieties of evil we now have a growth in drug addiction. This is probably the most menacing evil that we as a nation have ever confronted.-I. hear someone say: I thought you wrote a feature called Strength for the Day.'-Cant you give us something better than moaning and groaning over evil with all modern appendages added? We wish we might. Facing 4futh is facing truth, and often truth is the hardest thing.we have to confront.

I This is* the greatest age humanity has ever passed through. And probably the most dangerous. 'Face that.'

By Earl L. Doug|ass

Retirees Balk At Tax Clobber

By ELMER ROESSNER The highest rate of taxation is paid, not by millionaires, but by somie of fiie oldsters on Social Security.In fact, their taxes can be4(X) per cent of

ELMER

ROESSNER

their earned incOnie.

This point, long known to Congresf, has been ' underscored by an organization called the Working Retirees of America. It has filed guit in Boston against Robert H. Finch, Secretary of Health,* Education, and Welfare, and Robert M. Ball, Social Security Commissioner, challenging a provision of the law which, it asserts, creates

Mnstant poverty.

No one can survive on Social Security payments alone unless he migrates to ^ Mexico, Italy or some other area where he can live on $165 a month. So those without affluent children or other * sources of income are forc^ to work.

The 50 Percent And 100 Percent Tax But the law decrees that anyone on Social Security who earns more than $140 in any month will have his benefits reduced by $1 for every $2 he earns up to an ^ additional $100, and after that, the benefit is reduced $1 for every $1 he earns, ' While this isnt called a tax,

' it is, in effect, an income tajl^ of 50 and 100 per cent. > ^ The maximum regular tax rate is 70 per cent and that applies nly to incomes above $100,000 for single persons

and $200,000 . for married . couples.

The ^Working* Retirees assert that the 50 and 100 per cent bites on their incomes . are arbitrary and irrational, and they are asking an injunction against that provision of the law. Well-Financed Have It Better They have another beef: Persons coWecting Social Security may enjoy income from sources other than labor without any loss of benebits.

While they pay income taxes on dividends, , interest, rent, annuities, private pensions and other income riot involving work, their Social Security benefits continue free of cuts. j;

Furthermore, a l^neficiary , who can ^concentrate his , earned income over a short . time may still continue to-g^t benefits qver the long term. The Social Security ad

ministration several years ago called attention to the caseiof the since deceased Eddie Cantor, who stopped taking Social Security benefits for a short time While he earned several hundred thousand dollars acting, then promptly resumed depositing Social Security cfiecks.

, Even now, half the Social Security benefits are paid to individuals who have incomes of mor than $10,000 a year. Yet almost none is paid to the elderly who continue to work at far smaller incomes.

Stanley S. Surrey, Who was Assistant Secretary of the -Treasury under President .Johnson, once declared that he could not imagine any responsible official putting together the crazy - quilt pattern^of our tax treatment of the elderly.

E|ccept, 'perhaps, our Congress.:r