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Thursday, Junt 3, T965

tlda Of BaWa

Grim Reminder Of Summer Risks

The tngic loss of four lives in Contentnea Creek at Grifton la a grim reminder that summer outings on the water can quickly change from happy occasions into tragic events.

As popularity of water recreation has increased in recent years, the toll of lives taken in water accidents has moved constantly upward. Drowning in farm ponds, in boating accidents, at beaches and other resort spots have become more frequent as larger numbers of people enjoy more leisure time.

It is impossible, of course, for the state or local government agencies to prevent water accidents any more than they can prevent highway accidents. For the most part, the burden must rest upon the individual to take normal safety precautions to prevent accidents.

Big Summer Of AoDointments

By WILLIAM A SHIRES

APPOINT There a busy summer ahead for app<rint-ment-maklng In Raleigh.

Instead of the sound and fury of political campaigning which marked the month of June a year ago, the atmosphere now is one of keen speculation about who will receive appotDtments. and In what car pacUy.

The men who wUl be doing the appotnting. of course, is Gov. Dan K. Moore who thus far has been very quiet about his possible appointment decidona, and abedutely sQent on the question which ap

pointed state officials and agency heads may stay on and which win go. '

In the meantime, the list (rf KubemaUNrial appointments to be made by July 1. already a lengthy one. has been getting longer. Resignations, ex-^ plratlon of terms and reorganizations by the General Assembly have seen to this.

WILLIAM

SHIRES

Now, Moore at the moment holds a greater degree of appointive power than any North Carolina governor of recent trrries. He has more appointment than any North Carolina governor of recent times. He has more appointment patronage to pass out during the next few months than either of his Immediate predecessors, Luther H. Hodges and Terry Sanford, at the same state of their administrations.

WAITING Moore has played a deliberate waiting game on appointments presumably waiting for adjournment of the General Assembly.

When asked. Moore has said there were more pressing matters and legislative items demanding immediate attention and that be had not got around to considering s^point-ments.

I havent had a chance to to into it carefully. he said. Theres still plenty of time. Terms of members of most of the boards and commissitms for whom he will name successors do not expire until June 90.

By waiting, Moore has held his patronage power intact throughout the 1965 sessiim of the General AssemWy and this of course Is a strong source of a governor's Influence with the legislature.

And not only has the legislative program, it has bestowed a generous helping of additional patronage on the gov

ernor.

SEATS Within less than a month now, Moore will ap-potot an entirely new 14-member State Highway Commission and a full-time chairman.

He will be able to name all 24 men^)eca of a revamped State Board of Conservation and Development.

It is llke^ that legislation now being considered will enable the governor to name a majority of the members of a reorgantoed State Board of -Higher Educatitm. He has appointments to make to a new State PersGnnell OoundD. There are app<dntments already pending for six seats on the State Banking Commission, three seats on the State Board of Education, five on the State Board of Mental Health, three on the State Board of Agriculture, five on the State Board . ^ EfecUons, three cm the State Board of Health, one on the State Probation Commission.

And coming up this rtionth will be vacancies due to expiration of terms on no fewer than 60 boards, commissions and" committees ranging from boards of trustees of various colleges to state burial commissioner.

SIGNIFICANT Among the more significant of these are, of course, the Highway Commission, the board of Conservation and Development, four places on the Wildlife Resources Commission, three places on the State Ports Authority, four places on the state Prt-son Commission and a couple of places each on the Judicial Council,, and tbe, General Sta-. tutes Commission.

About ^ only apparent certainty In the speculation thus far Is that former Pouse Speaker Joseph M. Hunt Jr. of Greensboro, one of Moores top political aides, is in line to be chairman of the new Highway Commission.

Another certainty known in Raleigh is that WiUiam Saunders of Southern Pines, now serving as acting and interim director of Conservation and Development, will not stay on after early July, Saunders Intends to quit just as soon as Moore chooses a successor, and there has been little if any mention as yet of who that man might be.

LEGISLATORS It Is expected that state legislators who have helped push Moores prc^ram In the General Assembly will find the favor returned by Moores giving them a say-so on certain appointments.

It Is possible that as many as three 1965 Lawmakers might be tapped themselves for seats on the Highway Commission am<Mig them leps. Clyde Harris of Rowan, M. L. Daniels Jr. of Dare and Ashley Murphy of Pender.

And there are numerous others who administration leaders say deserve much credit and who undoubtedly will at least have the governor's ear.

Life guarda cant be steUoned at every farm pond or swimminff hole. Officers cant possibly check every boat to see that it meets the safety requirements set by the state. No public agency can make sure that every person who takes a dip or rides in a boat knows how to swim.

The only practical approach to curtailing the number of water accidents and the toll taken by these accidents is for individual citizens to use more common sense for their own safety and protection. More youngsters can be taught to swim."More 'adults who use boats can be sure that proper safety precautions are taken.^ All those who use the water for a playground should concern themselves with the basic safety rules which may make the difference between life and death in an unexpected emergency.

Homeowners Could Help Many Students

Greenville homeowners who may be able to spare a room next fall are in a position to help themselves, help a student who would like to attend East Carolina College, and help their community.

ECC officials say a critical shortage of hous ing for students may prevent as many as 1,00( qualified youngsters from enrolling at the colleg in the fall. Dormitory space on the campus wa filled long ago. Most of the available rooms ii private homes known to college officials already have been committed to students for the fall quarter.

The college faces no alternative but to say to applicants that they may enroll for the fall quarter if they can find housing aecommodatons for themselves.

Certainly there are in Greenville many vacant rooms in private homes that could provide adequate housing for some college student. If home-owners would make these available to rent to college students this fall, the college would be able to admit many more youngsters than it will be able to do otherwise.

Home-owners would be compensated for the rooms by students who rent them, the college would be able to accept the students. Youngsters who want to attend East Carolina would be able to do so, and certainly the additional enrollment would be of benefit to the community.

Greenville citizens can help make it possible for many youngsters to attend college, and at the same time help the college continue its growth by providing additional rooms for students.

No Too Little,

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iwnQii iirvirr, -p

By ART BUCHWALD

The Background Session

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) President Johnson seems to have added both clarity and got to his repeated explanation on the use of American troops in the Dominican Republic.

Johnson, sensitive to criticism, acknowledged at his news conference Tuesday hit awareness of criticism for bto handling of the Dominicui problem. But he said hed rather be criticized for his action than not to have acted.

This was one point of criticism: since this country to a member of the inter-American system the Orgautoaton of American States why didnt he tell the OAS he was going to use tnx^ before he sent them in?

Sen. Robert F. Kenne d y had said Johnson should have done it, Johnson seemed to answer the question Tuesday but not quite directly.

JAMEB

MARLOW

The Doily Reflector

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Going over ground he had covered before, he said: The Uni/ted States had discussed the Dominican problem with Latin - American ambasadors and the OAS a number of times between April 24, when tbe revolt began, and the night of April 28, when he decided to use troops.

But nowhere did he indicate that in any of these consultations the Latin Americans were told Johnson might, or would, use troops if he thought the situation was becoming unbearable.

Johnson explained the OAS was notified hnmcdlately after he went on television to an

nounce the use of troops but by then it was public knowledge.

In Johnsons words Tuesday this apparently was the reason: "We did not want to announce that tbe troops were on their way until they had landed for obvious security reasons.

Then the fog set in.

He said the threat of a Communist takeover in the Dominican Republic while not over is less than it was and added: the Reds had been active in the revolt and In a good rhany places they were in charge of it. _

But in his explanation to the nation May 2, he was a lot stronger than that. Then he explained the revolution had been taken over by the Communists and it was in their hands.

Not long after that statement, when Questions began to be raised about the actual power of the Dominican Reds. U.S. officials said they were no longer In control.

Perhaps more Important, in the long view, was another point on which Johnson seemed vaguer Tuesday than before.

This was when he was asked if he had laid down a new Johnson doctrine under which American troops would be used to prevent establishment of a Communist govemm e n t anywhere in the Western Hemisphere.

He said no and pointed out that President John F. Kennedy, the Latln-American nations and he himself had all declared the principles of communism are Incompatible with the principles of the inter - American system.

But this was repeating what he had said before and did not specifically answer the quest-tlon: Would U.S. troops be used anywhere in thto hemisphere to prevent Red seizure of power?

He seemed closer to answering It May 2 when he said. We will defend our nation against all those who seek to destroy (Continued on page 8)

There is a tendency in Washington for important officials to hold background sessloDS with tbe press. These meetings are held oetensibly to clue in the newaqpMier oo American policy, but what they are really held for is to justify Administration actions, no matter how badly they turn out.

KavtoE attended some of these badcgrotmders. 1 can't help wondering how a high Administration official might have presented the govem-moits case for last weeks Sonny Liston - Cassius Clay fight.

A reporter starts the backgrounder. Sir, do you consid

er the LisUm Clay fight tbe disaster that tbe newspapers have Indicated It was.

No. we dont. I think the newmaper reporters on the scene have been talking to tbe wrong people since they are there, they tend to get caught up in the hysteria of the moment. Washington doesnt consider the Clay - listn fight a disaster at all. B went more or leaa ^iccdrtBhf to thft way we thought It would.

The rumor la, sir, another reporter said, that the Administration was caught by surprise when the fight ended In the first round. Tbe CIA had predicted would go at least 10 rounds and possibly 12.

Other Editors Saying

"This Is not exactly true. We Imew there was a fight cooking and we knew it would take place sometime this month, but we werent sure exactly when it would begin or how long it would last. As a matter of fact, our people had talked to both CHay and Liston and tried to persuade them it would be against tbelr ,^ best interests to tight.

of fighting, so we decided to send in a Marine color guard to protect Robert Goulet when he sang The Star - Spangled Banner.'

A story indicated that at the beginning of tbe tight the State Department was supporting Sonny Listan, but when they realized be didnt have a chance, they shifted their support to Clay.

Admissions Study

- (The Charlotte Observer)

Last February in its annual report, the N.C. Board of Higher Education issued a ringing alarm.

The baby boom of the late 1940s has caught up with us, it said, and there will be no room at North Carolina colleges for .some 11,000 young North Carolinians who would profit by college training.

While little can be done for these youngsters, a crash construction program would make It posvsible for the colleges to accommodate the crush of applicants in 1967 and thereafter, the report indicated.

The boards gloomy forecast was based on statistical formulations done by an expert. Similar projections had been too conservative, as class rolls had shown.

Things looked bad indeed.

But weeks later. Gov. Dan Moore indicated he felt the problem was somewhat less acute than advertised, and said he had Information to the effect that the enrollment bown would level off after this year.

Moore would not say what the source of his rosier estimates was, but It is known that the Department of Public Instruction has come up with a set of figures that are gen-eraUy more optimistic than the boards.

The ^atistical approaches are different, so to the layman it seems that one was adding oranges and the other apples. In any case, there to honest disagreement about the dimensions of this problem. Is the State In the middle of a crisis or is it not?

One of the reasons we dont know is the phenomenon of multiple applications. Many high school graduates who want to enroll in college send applications to their first choice^ ajid three or four other schools for good measure.

If the University at Clhapel Hill turns away 5,000 applicants this fall, how many of them will be accepted elsewhere? No one knows, though the solution Is simple.

The Board of Higher Education or some other State agency should be assigned the task of a clearing house for applicants. Every Statc-suw>orted college or university should be required to submit the names of all qualliled youngsters v/ho had applied. Private colleges should be asked to cooperat;.

By the simple process of comparing names, the 8tate could find out quickly the exact number of qualified hlgh-school graduates who are seeking enrollment.

Then, at least, we will know where we stand this year.

ART

BUCHWALD

We categorically deny this. The State Department remained neutral, and our only role was to keep the fighting from getting out of hand. I dont believe anyone can deny the fighting was kept to a minimum and a great deal of bloodshed was avoided. Our critics have failed to mention this "Sir, could you comment m the role that referee Jop -cott played in the fight? T ici e has been talk that he panicked when Liston was knock e d down.

"We feel Mr. Walcott did a magnificent job in a very difficult situation and we felt at the time that he had no choice but to do what he felt was necessary to stop the fighting. Remember, there were extremist elements Involved In this fight and the United States could not allow them to take over. Does the United States prefer CHay to Liston as the world champion?

"It Is not for us to decide (Continued On Page 5)

Crises

By ROGER BAB80N ..

BABSON PARK, Mass.. Readers write In from time to time asking where they should keep their savkigs in order to have cash availiUtie at a mo-mrats notice. Some of these inquiries come from old-timers who remember the panic of the 1990s; but many are from ftdlowers of this column who have never experienced a financial panic.

A short while after Franklin D. Roosevelt was sworn into the Presidency for the first time in March 19S8, he ordered every bank In tbe country cloeed. They remained sh u t tighter than a drum for several days. The reason, of colrse, was to bring the public to their senses. Depositors had been lining up at bank windows with only one thought In mind: To get cash before the bank should fall. For many banks had folded and fear stalked the land. Cash, silver, and even gold were tucked away in many a mattress and burled to tin Ciiii to many a Yard. It was Indeed a panic.

The foreslghted who had cash were few. The bulk of the public had no folding money or even pennies on hand. Many were the stories that told of father and mother breakl n g open babys piggy bank to buy food for a few meals. The wealthy provident who had locked greenbacks in their safe-deposlt boxes were no better off than the piggy - bank raiders. . .for they could not get admittance to the bank. However, the Roosevelt strategy worked; the run on the banks did not start up again when their doors reopened.

A whole new generation has flourished since the last great financial panic. Up until a few months ago. hardly a question about the availitimity of quick cash came to this column. Then a tiny wave of bank fall-urea occurred; one with sizable deposits tumbled In San Francisco. Rumbles of diffi-cultiee elsewhere were heard. Talk 0 the deterioration of credit aw>eared In a number <rf flnandal publications. These developments are undoubtedly behind the rash of questions asking: Could it happ e n

again?

Our long years of studying statistics have taught us that the flfum may vary over a w^Lflpcctium" Iroiii one^ eration to another; but human nature 1 governed pretty generally by the aame old motivations. Allegedly, the recent tiny eruption ci bank failures was the result of dlsbon e s t management. . .the lust for a fast buck. Of course, such an infection could spread; but It seems more likely that any big trouble In banking will come acme day from errors of over optimism made by leaders in this period of high prosperity. Todays mlstak e s in human thlnktog are sowing the seeds which will grow into tomorrows failures. And no manner of statistical fence -building or Insurance barrier.s can guarantee deposit o r s that they can get all their cash on a moments notice.

Some of our citizens look on banks as an ever-ready font of money with which to keep business booming and people employed. Others consider them bastions that will guard their deposifts invioi-ate and always be prepared to return them quUkly to the 1 r depOfdtore. A successful bank must cater to each point of view.

Right now the seeds of future difficulties are being sown by the rising pressures on bank.s . . .forcing them to lend more and more freely. The goveni-ment to permitting the financial Institutions to pay higher rates on their time deposits. This is to help our Imbalance of foreign payments problem. But higher rates on time deposits are attracting funds like crazy. To pay the higher rate to their depositors, the bankers are falling over each other to lend. No wonder, then, that borrowers are having loans practically forced on them; no wonder that we hear cries that the bankers are taking more and more risks (Continued on page 5)

The Old Dangers Seem Forgotten

7his

40

Date Years

Ago

By JOHN G. DUNCAN June 3, 192$

Greenville Boy Scouts lIt today for a ten-day camping trip to C^p Leach. Mr. & Mrs. JluM.

& Mr. Crater accompanied them.

In the union test revival conducted by the Self Evangelistic party in New Bern and is now making a tour of eastern North Carolina, Mieaking In various churches.

The annual meeting of the Tar River Lodge Knights of Pythias will be held tomorrow night. This is the time for the election of officers and all rnemt>er are requested to be pre.sent.

The Greenville Laundry has just completed the Installation of a new flat work ironer, which machine is larger than those usually found in a plant In a city the size of Greenville.

Mr. Robert Arthur, who has iHcn attending Davidson College, has returned home.

Billy Twlddy, the 14-year-old boy preacher of Elizabeth CMty, N. C., will preach at tlMi Free Will Baptist CJhurch tonight, hlfi sermon on Death iri the Pot. nilly has recently assisted

MLss Prances Whitehurst, has returned home from a visit In Norfolk, Va.

Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Jones announce the birth of a daughter on Sundy May .list.

By ELMER ROESSNER

This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Sherman Anti - Trust Act. Views on the industrial barons have mellowed; memories of the freewheeling trusts and super -trusts have faded a bit, per-liaps.

And the Federal Trade Commission, which dismember e d so many of the giants, may seem to be puttering around chedting on canned peach labels and fussing that toy ads' on television exaggerate tbe products.

We tend to forget the dangers that did and, to a certain extent still do exist.

Paul Rand Dixon, PTC chairman, recently made several speeches in which he told the younger generation and reminded us greybeards of the frantic days of the big monopolies. Ill.s favorite example Is John D. Rockefellers Standard Oil, started on a $5,(X)0 investment. Rockefeller soon developed the Investment Into Gevelands largest refinery shipping 3,000 t)arrelii a day and went on from there.

In the end, (M) cumpc'lilors

were merged Into one company which controlled 90 per cent of Americas petroleum industry.

TOUCH TACTICS Some of Standard Oil's business methods Included:

Getting rebates from the railrmuls on its oil shipment while competitors paid In full;

Demanding and get 11 n g drawbacks, or a share, of competitors oil freight payments to railroads;

ELMER

ROMNER

Cliarglng drastically reduced prices in a town with competitive oil firms while charging twice as much in adjacent towns where there was no competition; Getting railroads to Increase freight rales for in*

tEdiers who wouldnt handle Standard's products.

Tills writer had an economics teacher whose father had owned a general store. Every time Rockefeller gave another large gift to charity, the storekeeper promptly ordered a tank car of kerosene. Sure enough, a few days later the price of kerosene would to up.

Standard Oil, huge and powerful, was not the only monopoly. According to Moodys 1904 figures, tbe country bad 440 large industrial, fraochlfte and

tra.rmpnfta.Bfln tnmtf ipeltuUng

copper, sugar, smelters, shipping. tobacco and steel all limiting production while prices went up and quality went down.

SUPER-TRUSTS

Then_Jhe super - trusts began to" emerge. Rockefeller's Interests Included railroads and other Industries as well as oil. J. P. Morgans operations encompassed steel, slpp 1 n g, electric supply and a score of smaller groupings. At the beginning of this century there even was speculation that Morgan and Rprkcfcllcr eventually would nirrgp.

Today, trusts are too hlply visible to survive long under the Sherman Act, the Clayton Act and Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, a 11 (1 later Robinson - Patman and Celler - Kefauver amendments in 1950.

The FTCs work these days is more prosaic than the old days when It was pulling the rug from under the trusts. But even now Its activities aren't all skirmishes against minor infractions. There are still big. fast operators trying to work quietly-ATOunit tbe maze of ant! - trust laws. But casr.s against them are usually long, drawnout, dull court suits snd they dont make very interesting headlines.

1851 MODEL COMB RECOVERED KROM YAZOO V

A seamans comb which has been at the bottom of the Vu-zoo River at Vicksburg h.i been recovered after 100 years. It was manufactured by Ame-racft Corp. for the Navy Quartermaster, The eompany may manufacture the rotnb ngnin as a historic novelty.