|y, M*rdi 29, 1965

Tough, No Matter How It s Sliced

No matter how you slice it the General if the committees this year would give more attent-Assembly faces a difficult and delicate problem in ion to explaining to the public their decisions than attempting to meet the needs of the state within has been the case in recent selons. In many in-limits of anticipated revenue for the next two years, stances subcommittees of the^ Appropriations Corn-Supplemental requests of Mate agencies and mittee.have conducted their deliberations and made Institutions already stand $167.7 million above the th^r' decisions iehind closed doors. Citizefts have figures recommended by the Advisory Budget Com- been informed of the decisions reached, but not the mission. It is likely that further requests will come reasons upon which the decisions were based, to the legislature in the form of special bills. North Carolinians would better understand

WhaLlhe^ Apprppriations Committee and its the problemsj^acing theirji^e if the appropriations subcommittees decide in the next several weeks groups this year would share with their public their will be of utmost importance to the people of North deliberations well as their decisions on how Tar Carolina. Also important to citizens of the state will Heel taxpayer s money wl be spent during the be the reasons for the appropriations groups making coming biennium. ^ the decisions they do.

Truih is Marching On''

r

Disappointingly Slow

.. hirty t)GCOnclS On Tobacco Meagre

It would be helpful to the staU and its citizens

.SC,

?or Local Bills

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

LOCAL When they reach the floor, local bills almost without exception are whisked through the North Carol 1 n a legislature in rapid - fire, almost breathless fashion.

Average time required for the formality of second and third reading and voice vote , approval of local bills, according to a reporters watch, is only about 30 seconds!

This time - honored, rubber-atamp procedure of enact 1 n g stacks O40CIU blUa4n a twinkling often lea\*es spectators In the House and Senate galleries a bit breathless too, and quite often astonished.

But almost every day, the House Speaker and Sena t e president will notice the wide-eyed watchers in the galleries. interrupt the proceedings and take time to explain care-fully just what is happening. Nothing, they will say, is being done haphazardly nor with undue haste. And, of course this Is true. The trick in getting a local bill passed Is getting It through a committee. Some-

WILLIAM

SHIRES

times ihi^ Is easy, it isnt. '

RULE It isnt as exciting Or interesting as floor debate, nor does it carry the suspense a close roll - call vote, but Uiere are a lot of things involv-^ in the passing of local legislation that seldom meet the publit eye. _

Enacting of literally hundreds of non-controverslal local ' biiisr-afid--TmlTrt^ iy sary during every biennial session of the General Assembly because it is the sole and supreme lawmaking body in the state, and North Carolinas cities, counties and towns do not have home rule.

Virtually every local government^ procedure, use of tax mortey, electric fixing of salaries and fees of local officials, every change in a town charter, conveyance of public property, the drawing of jurors and even the collecting of local taxes must be legalized by an act of the legislature In this state.

BILLS It 1.S lor this reason that the General Assembly has to handle too much local legislation. And when a local hill reaches the floor of either hou.;e, it zips through.

For example, the presiding officer calls the number, of the bill as it appears on the local bills calendar. The reading clerk .veize.s the printed

bill, reads the number, t h name of the introducer and its Utle.

The presiding officer calls for the ayes and noes, and without looking up and without appearing to be interested in the proceedings, the members shout aye as soon as the reading clerk intones the words, the General Assembly of North Carolina do enact. .

Almost without a Piwse. the

presiding officer goes^^irtk h t

The bill having passed its second reading will, without objection, be read a third time. . he says. The clerk responds, the General Assembly of North Carolina do enact, . . and the voice vote is taken. The bill is then sent to the other house, or sent to be enrolled.

EXPLAIN House Speaker H. P. (Pat) Taylor Jr. puts his explanations to the galleries this way,

These bills are non - con-trovensial In nature, being local bills applying t<j just one locality, and have been studied carefully in committee. They have the approval of the representative or representatives of that county, and there Is basically no opposition, he sa.v.s.

"This is w'hy the passage of these biHs is done in s o m e-what of a summary manner, as it may appear to you, he tells the gallery.

Among local bills whi.sked through the House last Friday, for example, were measures to authorize payroll deduct ions for state employes in Guilford County, to submit to the voters of Caswell County the question of W'hether members of the county board of education should serve staggered four-year terms, to revise and consolidate^ the charter of the

town of Longj^eiucb. to sutho-........

rize the city of Sanford to con-* vey cemetery property, to ex-

Water Will contractors license law, to increase the board^OT commissioners of the town of Weldon from four to* five members.

Also during last Fridays session came introduction of a series of local bills from the largest, most populous county

The Senate Agriculture Committee has been disappointingly slow m^handling the proposed change in tobacco production controls from the acreage system to an acreage-poundage system.

When the proposal was put forward early this year, it appeared that the Senate was going to move rapidly in considering the matter, and that if a delay occured it would be in the House.

Last week, however, the lower house of Con-' gress gave approval to legislation under which tobacco growers would decide whether to retain the acreage control system or c^hange of an acreage-' poundage system of controls.

Today the Senate Agriculture Committee begins its hearings on the measure.

The hour is late so far as the flue-cured tobacco

producers are concerhed.'^Within a month tobacco planting for the 1965 crop will be underway. Farmers will have made their plans for producing their crop this year. Even if the Senate passes the measure now with the utmost speed, it is questionable whether the new program can be made effective in time for the 1965 crop.

It is important to the tobceo producing areas, and the tobacco industry that an effective program of production controls be established. The Senate should move as swiftly as possible in its consitier-ation of the bill now before it. Early favorable action will enhance the tobacco indu.strys efort to overcome its crucial problem of over pro-duction.

By ART BUCHWALD

The Great Gold Heist

.iDranes ^ j: eei Growth Strains

By WINFRED L. GODWIN

The printed word remains the indispensable tool for all learning and the library the most important facility on any campus.

But with some 5,000.000 students now enrolled in colleges throughout the United States, libraries, more thn any other facility, have felt the pressure of rapid growth and splr-alir^ costs. W one - fourth of these students located in the South, regional institutions are rmitr

with the demand for expand-, ing library resources.

Commissioner of Education Francis Keppel recently noted that while the nation ha.s some of the finest libraries in the world, the overwhelming majority of our academic libraries have totally inadequate in the ^state, Mecklenbucg^Ai-,^ collections. Fifty percent of our fccting such matters as filling ^ four - year institutions of high-

of vacancies on the board of county commi.ssioners, the system of listing real property for tax purposes, relating to t h e administration of fiscal affairs of the county and one on mileage allowance.s for Mecklenburg county employes. The bills were introduced by the five Mecklenburg representatives at the request of county officials back home in Charlotte.

PROCEDURE - Each local bill introduced In the lcgi.s-latiire arises from a local sibia-tlon back home, a situation (Continued on page S)^;

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

J]AyJDJULLAbL.WH[CJHARD^Xhairrnan ^of The Board

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 JOHN S. WHICHARD^AVID J. WHICHARD ^ Fyiiishcrs

Entered at Post Office, Greenville, N. C. as second class mail matter.

1|

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

By MAIL, Payable In Advance

Greenville Po.st Office, Pitt Counly, RobersomiUe, Vanceboro, Washington and Chocowinity. '

Three Montlis ..................... 3,75

Six Months .......... ' 7.OO

One Year ....................... $13,00

North Carolina (other than listed above) *

Three Months .... 4.OO

Six Months ................ :...... 7.50

One Year .................. $JLOO

Plu.s 3% N. C. Sales Tax All Other Outside North Carolma *

Tluree Months ............. 4.25 *

Six Months ............ 8.00

One Year ................................. $15.(iP

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Aseociftied Press is exclusively entitled to use for publication all J news dLspatcbes credited to it or not otherwise credited to thi.s piiper and also the local news pupbii.shed herein. All rights of publications of special dlspa^hes here are also reserved.

Member Audit Bureau of Circulation.

All advert.l.slnR copy must be ri^elved at least one day before publication date.

er learning andT?5 percent of our two - year institutions fall below accepted minimum standards in the number of volumes.

The South can be expected to have its disproportionate .share of these less fortunate institutions, although it ts encouraging to note that .scveh Southern univer.sities are now in a select group of 40 in the nation with librarie.s of more than a mDlion volumes tthr seven are the University of Texas, Duke University, t h e University of North Carolina, Louisiana State University, the University of Virginia, the University of Kentucky, and t h e University of Florida.)

, Pre.sidi7it _John,son'.s Higher Education Bill, now pending before Congres.s. Inrludos a five - yeah program to slrn-gthen campiis libraries.

It authorizes a $50 rhillion appropriaHfm t firsh year for grants to cohcgas for Ww purchase of books, periodicals, documents, magnetic tap e .s, phonograph records, andivos-

appropriated funds would go for special grants to institutions ^nd -cofflbteatioris of Institutions which demonstra t e a special need for addltbnal library resources or are defeated to meeting special rational or regional needs in th^ library or information sciences.

The bill also authopizres a $15,-000.000 appropriati^ to institutions of higher education to train students in librarlanshlp. including the training of com-

- 'fnijnicafTohs "'spcflisls'Tn 'Ifie'

bio - medical, physical and social sciences. ^Grants also would go to non - profit organizations and individuals for research and demon.strat i 0 n projects on the improvement of libraries, training in librarian-ship and the dissemination of

- information.

The.se new funds would enable many Institutions to move nearer the American Library Association recommendat 10 n that a minimum of five percent of an institutions operating budget be devoted to its library. Relatively few Southern institutions now spend that much.

The modern university library must be concerned not only with rapid expansion, hut with more efficient operations In order to cope with the bQ^iildering growth and to computers to handle the .specialization of knowledge.

Thus libraries are turn i n g to Computer.'^ to handle the .search for referenrc books. At the University of Texas, for example, a joint effort of the Linguistics Research Center and the Germanic Languages Department has led to the Sla-:ric Retrievat System. More than .3000 documents have been placed in an IBM 7040 memory bank-.- R will take ,lust 15 minutes to pull a single serie.s of detailed requests off the magnetic tape. A pilot project for possible automation of oth-

The American gold shortage i.s a constant thorn in the side of the Great Society. Every solution from taxing tourists to bringing home our GIs In Europe has been suggested, but none of them makes any sense.

It was just , by accident that I discovered an answer to the gold problem which nobody in the Administration had thought of. I read in the new.spapers that although the United States is losing millions of doll a r s worth oL gold every day, the gold itself NEVER LEAVES THE COUNTRY.

As I understand It. anytime a foreign country wants to cash in dollars for gold, they go dovm to the New York Assay Office and they tell the peopTe they want foGbuTrKTs say, $100 million worth of gold. But they dont take the gold with thefn. All that happens Is the gold is tnicked ever a few blocks to the Federal Reser\e Bank and put In a room where

Its credited to the country Involved.

The Federal Reserve Bank in New York is holding $12 billion worth of gold belonging to countries throughout the world. Each country has its own room and the gold is just sitting there doing nothing.

Now*, this is my plan. Stashed away in our Federal prisons are some of the greatest bank robbers this country has eyer known, men who know their trade and would be. willing to go back to work If there was a good reason.

We would approach these men and say, Look, the United States is in terrible trouble and we need your help. Would you be willing to pull a heist on the Federal Reserve Bank dr Neir T(iflct'*TBere^^^'r^

$12 billion in gold there and if you could get it out for us you'd be doing this country a great service.

Most bank robbens are patriotic by nature, and would

'^ublic Forum

ual matciial.'i; and other, rclat- fx _sp<*ciall-/pri Hbraro^ on. the

p(l library materials.

From 75 percent of the ap-proprlatlon.s, in.stitutlons would receive S.VKK) grants which they woulf! have to match. Supplemental grant would be made on the ba.sis of the .size and age of the library collection. student enrollment, endowment and other financial resources.

Twenty - fhe percent of the

Austin campus, the Slavic Retrieval System will be^'u.sed by faculty and graduate .students .specializing In the llterat u r e and language of Russia. Yugoslavia. Poland and other Eastern European countries.

More books, better handled In larger and better designed libraries,- add irp to a .sizable problem that we have too long Ignored.

To The Editor:

It Ls hard to conceive that dowm deep in their hearts President Lyndon B. Johnson, Dr, Martin Luther King, or any .sober thinking person believes the Voter Registration Bill now before Congress is in the best interest for the future of our great nation. I cannot be-liev.e that any person. Negro, Indian, or White, w*ho has given any thought to the bill, and wlio knows the good and bad elements of hLs race can truthfully say that this is a law which our country needs to maintain its dignity and leadership In the world.

In my opinion, the decision to omit any form of literacy test and any regard to the moral character of a would-be voter in the Voter Registration Bill is the height of hypocri-fi.v. We have some very fine Negro, Indian, and White citi-zens in our country who take the privilege of voting seriously. I feel sure they also believe that any qualified per-.son has the right to cast his Voter bi iT T belie V C they also want to maintain the rc.spcct of this privilege for all races.

If education is the answer, WHY remove this incentive?

One look at the court records of our counties, cities, and states gives an ugly, but true, picture of individuals of all races who would be accorded the same privilege as law abiding citizens. With the tidal wave of the current trend of reversing court deci.sions, perhaps it would be wise to do a little looking before it is too late.

It ijj apparont the writers and spon.sors of this'bill are blind to the foresight and wisdom of the writers of our con.stitu- * tion. It is time for responsible citizens all over the nation to inform them the error and folly of their actions. Love i.s a powerful weapon. It is to be hoped that Negro. Indian, and White citizens still have enough unseJflsh love for their country to make contact protesting the passage df this bill as it is now written.

Should this Voter Rcglstra-tion Bill become the law df the land, why shouldnt it be enforced in each county of each state in the nation?

- I,am^ notA candidate for any office, I do have faith In humanity and a deep concern for the future of our nation.

Mrs. Joseph N. LeConte, Greenville, North Carolina

certainly agree to go along with the plan. To facilitate matters and make, the robbery authentic, they wibuld be provided with plans of the bank, - burglars' tools, and non-lethal tear gas to make "the bank guards sick.

It would be no trouble to knock off the bank and then the gold would be secretly transferred back to Port Knox. Each of the men who participated would be given six months off their time as a reward.

Now, as soon' as the gold was stolen. Dean Rusk would ' call up heads of state such as President de Gaulle and say, Mr. President, a terrible thing has happened. The Federal Reserve Bank has been robbed "^Wlb'artbSrairybWg^ hope you were insured. You werent? What a pity! Well, since it happened in the United States, were going to try to make good ^our losses. We cant replace the gold, but were shipping you a billion dollars worth of butter. The FBI is investigating, of course, and if we get our hands on the robbers, you'll be the first to know.

At first there will be a wave of protests from the countries who lost their gold, and a few American embassies might even be .sacked, but in the long nm there -wouldn't be much they could do about it.

The beauty of the plan Is not only would we have $12 billion in gold to play -with, but every country win think twice about cashing in their dollars the next time.

(Dpinions in Brief

But Is everybody who talk.s abpixt dirty polities coming cleanH Greensboro (N.G.) Daily News; 51

oDiess Health

Gauge

By aEORGB K/^QEOORN The unemployment rate l.e., the percentage of the la-hor force-wtthout joha ~-i widely regarded as the most aignlfleant gauge of ti^ eco-ncttnys health or lack ctf health. In February that figure stood at S.O percent. i

A good many people, including the President's Council of o(Malo Ad^rs, think this is still too high. Hie Q>un-eil has repeatedly urged- that the country should strive to reduce the rate to 4.0 peroent, as an interim target. Other government sp<^esmen have intimated that the goal ihhuld be an unemployment rate of only 3.0 percent.

This is more than a mere game with numbers, of interest mily to statisticians. 1 the premise Is accepted that our economy needs corrective government action whenever n-employtnent is above some target fiinire, we had better be sure the target is within range.

Drop in Rate Unlikely At this point in time, it seems unlikely that we will be able to reduce the tmem-ployment rate much below its present 5 percent. The feasibility of cutting it. in the next few years, down to 4 percent is doubtful. And a target as low as 8 percent appears entirely unrealistic.

These conclitelons may seem surprising, since we did attain unemployment rates substantially btiow the present level during the Korean War and again in the capital goods boom of 1956-57. But the structure of the labor force has been changing, and the signs are ttist a reduction much below 8 percent win be increasingly difficult.

One sign lefAg to this . c(iclufiion Is our experience in the immediate present. Because of strikes In the last part of 1964, and the possibility of strikes in the spring of 1965, we have had an abnormal compression of business volume Into the current quarter. Practically all the indexes <a production, sales, new orders, etc., have been go 1 n g through the roof. It Is hard to Imagine the ecMiomy being sub- ' ject to any greater degree of stimulation except, of course, in the event of large%cale war. ' But still, with all of this, the unemployment rate stuck stubbornly gi about 5 percent In January and February.

Labor Force Trends A second reason for our doubt Is the changes which are anticipated In the character of the labor force. According to government projections there will be a large hicrease, be-Iween 1964 and 1970, in 4he number of people wanting

cur mainly among the very young and among the women. The number (rf workers under 2.5 will increase by 27 percent: the number of women over 2.5 In the labor force -will Increase by 13 percent: but the number of male workers over 25 will Increase by only 5 percent.

The young workers, and the women, are the groups for whom unemployment rates are always highest. For many people in these categories employment is intermittent, seasonal or ca.sual. With these groups gaining Increasing weight in the total, it will be that much harder to reduce the over-all

unemployment rate. _

This Isnt really a pessimistic conclusion. It simply means that for some time a 5 percent unemployment rate may represent the same degree of jolv creating achievement that 4 percent or 3 percent represented under earlier conditions.

If national policies are set with the objective of getting unemployment down to 4 percent. or 3 percent, we may ho like the donkey who tries to catch up with the carrot tied in front of him. He ccmjM run himself to death that wyr

Quofr

GSome cars used to he^ mo-nogrammed. Now they are merely mortgaged. Elizabethtown (Ky.) News.

All that keeps some families from having a home of their own is a popular teenage daughter. Burlington (Vt.) Free Pre.ss.

-The time*has com|i-wh(*n intelligence is a nece.sslty for safe driving; While there may be argument over the grade--level -^jcuL .jDiI. - there- should - be

unanimoiw agreement that literacy - - the ability to read and writp bp a requlsit for obtaining a driver.s license. Greemaboro (N.C.) Daily News.

r

1

i lDS Jror

!3usiness

Executives

Strength For Today

By earl L, DOUGLA.S.S LOVE IN THE HOME

Most parent.s love their children more than they love their own lives and would be willing to lay down their lives for their children.

- But once in a while we encounter parents who are either lacking sentimentality that they do the children more harm than good. Doting parents who give their children everything they w'ant are of this variety. Parents who pick out one child for favor and let the others know that-they are definitely on the outside arc ruining human life and personality in whole.sale lots. The father too bu^y with his dally work, the mother with her household and social re.spon.sl-

bllltles - theise parents, whe-1.^1

or few. are working overtime to handicap and perhaps ruin their children.

Firmne.ss is .sometimes so needed In child nurture that Ghe average parent draws hack II) horror from the duty which has to be done. One child may

By FXMER ROES.SNER

Today.s column is only for biLsiness executives.

Your .store may have paid more federal unemployme n t tax this year than.Is due under the law. Tbp National Retail Merchants Association reports that a .sampling of returns in one district indicates half of the firms overpaid their taxes. The federal levy is on the first $3,nO0 of wages paid

Be calm about cuts in exci.se taxes. Retailing history shows that talk about excise cuts have slowed sales, but that sales have always lncrea.sed after the cuts went Into effect.

A.s.soclatlon reports that some manufacturers claims do not .stand up under laboratory tests, and that ml.sled customers cafi cause trouble.

where lutetjor Department ex-elusive contracUs with gas com- . panles bleed you much le.s.s.

stand out In family as par-' an Individual, but^ the govern-

tlcularly promising. Yet it Is the experience of the centur-le.s that when parent favor one child or another the scene is being set for tragedy. Children keenly and quickly sen.sc this discrimination. Their life pattern hardens InfV^ynleLsm or rebellion, or both.

. God has a big family and He love.wihem all. There is no,doubt A.s to where duty'lies for us. The love of the human lipaii Jh big enough to take earr of too times as many chlU dim as' any of us will ever

ment'will neither refund nor notify payers If there is an overpayment. Have your accountant review your return and, if there is an overpayment, claim It on Form 843.

Biksiness shaky? Ask t h e Small Buslne.ss Administration for a copy of its Manage-

ELMER

Smaller tf)an storewide bargaining units have been ap-pfovcd by the National Labor Relations Board. That means executives may be faced by demand for recognition by aelllng. nonselllng, office jlu d cafeteria emnloyees. Run,- do not walk, to your labor coiisul-

ROESSNER

ment Aid, "The ABCs of Bor-row'lng.i It may be too late, but it will tell you how you could have prepared for the crisis.

Be cautious in advertising "permanent press and permanent creases In apparel. The NallooaJ Retail Merchants

If you are planning an auto tour of Europe this summer, figuring that savings on buying a car there will finance the trip, look at this report on gasoline -prices In-i cents per gallon by the American Auto- mobile As.soclatlon: Austria.

52: Belgium. 60: Czechoslovakia, 52: Denmark. 57: Finland. 65; Prance, 75; West Germany, .55: Britain. 70; Greece, 60; Ireland. 61: Italy, 5: Luxembourg, 60; Monaco, 75; Netherlands, 55: Norway, .59; Pol

and, 53; Portugal, 65; Spain. 60; Sweden, .54; Switzerland. 40; Turkey. 32; U.S.S.R., 40. ^and Yugoslavia, 45.

Premium gas prices are higher; but special coupons give tourists lower price on entering Czechoslovakia, Rally, Poland and Russia.

Best bet: stay home and drive to U.8. national parks.

BriLsh up on portable ppn-sions. You may .suddenly fiptl your unions demanding pp's.* and you'd better know what you are fighting about.

A pp" consists of pension credits tha| an employee can take withhim from job to .toh. They have already been started in the builclUiR trades. A carpenter cant expect ap em-Pbyer on a short - term job to put him on pen.slon, but he can and now does expect the employer to rontrlb-utp to a pen.:lon fund that an employee can take witluhini from job to job. - *

A Pre.sidentlal committee, has recommended further study of these portables., This will cause many unions to ask for them now, l)cfore further studies. Financing such plans Is highly Involved and requires bringing in underwriters. Employers bettor have 'answers. If not plans, ready.

UN '