FrI.dty, Mirch. 19,, 1965. .

Disadvantage In Proposed Measure

''What's Tha Tuna Today, Chiaf'Wa Shall Ovarcoma' Or 'Ovar Wa Shall Coma'?"

Th proposal to make the governor-elect Df North Carolina a member of the AdvUory Budget Com mission ia not .wholly vk^ithout merits but it eeemfl to us that disadvantages of such an arrangement may overshadow advantages so far as the governor elect is concerned.

It would, of course, be helpful for a governor-elect to know in advance what the out-going ad ministration is recommending in its budget proposal for the first two years of the new governors administration. It would be helpful for the govemor-elfct. to'have as much information as possible about these recommendations and the thinking behind them. \i

It must be recognized, however, that by the time North Carolina elects a governor in November,

Attention Back To Money Items

By Wlt.LIAM A. SniRES

MONEY - Attrntlon In the le^lRlaUire now shift back to money matters.

Leglalators have been busy-ing themselves with other things, non - money Items for the most part, while waiting the pat alx weeks for .Gov. Dan K. Moore to map out his specific budget recommendations.

Appropriation conimi 11 e e hearings on agency and Institution requests have been going on, but for all effect and purposes the bulky 1%5 - 67 budget documents present e d on opening day of the session have been shoved aside. These thick, line - tern bud g e t books are still stacked neatly on the long, poll.shed walnut tables of the big .iolnt appri^)-^ rlatlons committee hea r l n g rooms.

Many legl.slators have not even bothered to put on their reading gla.sses.

ACTIVITY - At the captol and in the budget bureau. meanwWle, the Moore administration has been assembling information on revenue esti-mate.s and data on anticipated ..,5.1963-65 surplu.s.

WTtLlAM

SHiBES

In addition, the governor has been conferring almost dally w ith legislative leaders and his top advisors on budget questions. All this data and advice has gone Into an effort to compute how' to pay for various additional Items and priority programs endor.sed by the govenior In his legislative address in early Pebniary.

FLURRY Now with Moore ready to unveil his budget specifics. there w ill be a n e w flurry of activity at the legi.s-lative building much leafing through the budget, proposals and much study and comparing.

Lobbying on behalf of this or that budget item will pick up.

In effect, presentation of the governors b\idgetary program means the 1965 session will hit full .stride.

Appropriations ch a i r m e n Thomas J. White and A. A. (Gusi Zolllcoffer may move quickly to name an all-important. deci.sion - making .Iolnt appropriations subcommittee which w'ill embark on a line by line .scnitiny of budget requests. This Is a laborious ta.sk which may take as long as .six week.s and, a.s in recent past legislative se.s.sions. the subcommittee probably will work

behind closed doori,

DIFFER It has bffp clistr since Moores legislative address that his budget proposal would be in sharp contrast to those sutenltted by the previous administration of Gov. Terry Sanford and the Advisory Budget Comml**lob-

Moore called for items estimated to cost at least $100, million more than -the spending recommendations presented by Sanford. Among these:

* a 10 per cent across- the -board pay increase for state employes and the United Forces for Educations legislative program for schools, * \

The Sanford budget made no provision for Moore's fintily pledged state employe salary increases. It halved the UFEs requests, recomrqpnding only $15 a month increases for-teacher. during the biennium'and five per cent Uujrfases for higher education faculty nlemberjB.

It was described by sofne as a case, of a liberal - minded administration submitting a conservative tsidget aad an attempt by Moore's m^derats admlnfstratlon to llbergllre it.

QUESTIONS There werp several burning questions on the eve of Odv. Moores budget message.' , ' ' .

These primarily concer n e d the area of permanent lnujrove-menls requests by higher education institutions and mental hoipltals, and whether Moore might recommend a* $100 mil-' lion - plus capital Intiprove-' mfnts. bond Issue. Such a bc^id isjuie to meet, iirgrat building needs has draxii stropg support from lit. Gov. Robert W. ScoU but there were' indicar tlon.s tJiat Moore would stop .short, of recommending an additional bond Issue at this time.

There, was also qtie.stion as to W'hether Moore and his budget advisors would call for In-dreaslng exemptions' lor slate Income tax payers In \dew of the 1965-6? budget pinch.

It was assumed that the ad-ministrallon had raised, sights on 196.5-67 revenue estlmktes and calculated a larger opening credit balance In order to take care of at least the priority items in Moores program. The previous admlnistrat 1 o n estimated general fund revenues and resources at $1,099 billion <b) for the biennium. Moore' and administration officials have been optimistic about boasting this but the question was by how much?

NOTEBOOK There is con-.slderable opposition to Rep. J. Henry Hills bill for annual sessions of the General Assembly on ground. that the legislature would become a "private club for profe.ssIonal politician.. . .Sen. Robert B. Morgan of Harnett sa.vs It I "al-readv hard enough to Interest a cross - section of qualified people to serve In the General Assembly. . .

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Chairman of Th Board

7i^ublished Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 JOHN S. WHICHARD-DAVID J. WHICHARD PuBTTshers

Entered at, Post Office. Greenville. N. C. as second class mall matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATiS By Carrier (In Town)

By Carrier (Motor Routes)

By MAIL, PayAbl'In AefvenW ~

Orrenvllle Post Office, Pitt County. RobersonVille, Wa.shlngton and Chocowlnlty.

Ibree Months .........................

Piir~Mont h.s . . T , , . rrr

fiiir Year ............................

Nuitli fiarolinn lofher than listed above)

Three Month.

fiix Monlh.s ......................

One Year .........................

PUi. .9% N O. Bale Tax All Other OtW.Mde North Carolina

Three Months ........................

Six Month ..................

One Year ........ '

th Advisory Budgtt CoMmission ha been at work* for at least six month or more preparing it recommendation for hi flrt two yearc in office. Were the ffovemof-elecl to become a member of the Advisory Budget Commission in November, he would at best be a lohnny-come-lately' to the group. He would be working with a Commisaioii thBt by and large would be expe<^i|d to reflect the ideas and plans of an administration that coming to an end, rather then the' administration which would be formed by the ney governor.

Whether the governor-elect would have much influence on ^ recommendation of the Advisory Budget Commission even if he vigorously disagreed wjth them ' is subject to serious question.

It must be recognized that between the time of* his election in November and the time he takes office in January, the governor-elect faces the gigantic task of putting together the key people in hie administration, transforming his campaign promises into an administration program, and giving consideration to the fiscal recommendations he will make in connection with his own program for North Carolina. '

For the governor-elect to be made a member of the Advisory Budget Commission would in a sense tie him to the recommendations that body mkkes to the legislature. It may' handicap a new governor In going to the legislature with new or different proposals of his own concerning the state finances during his first two years in office.

The present practice is for the governor-elect to be invi^d by the governor in office to designate a representative to sit in with the Advisory Budget Commission during the period between the time a governor is elected and the time he takes office.

Usually the person designated by the governor-elect is one Who will have a key place in his administrat-ipn, paitjcularly where budgetary matters are concerned..;,

T^h is' Practice is not without its shortcomings, but it ha.s worked fairly well for North Carolina in making..the transition hetvween administration?. It provides i:he governor-elect with first hand information from one of^his key advisors where budgetary matteffi are* concerned, and yet it allows him to pfraonally remain'apart from the workof the Advisory Budget. Commission serving his predeces-

In the long run this practice, in our opinion, ByART BCHWALD is better than the'proposal that the-governor-elect beco^me a member oOhe Adyisprx Budget Com-missfon between the ti'mehe is elected and the time he takes office.

Bf JOHN cfummmum

commit, n, mm lg?iidlol7ne.

Tlwre 1 loi of MSr about the developmotifc of tbo reoMt-Jy formed National Ooomll on the Arte, and the NeohKUer Brothers Fund hes Just Ismed a 56,000-word rspert, Performlaf Afts: PrtMems

and Prospeels,** oaBbiff fOr the fovemmeni to hdp iieeuo some of the arte ia the WU ed Btatee that are **ta tiw hie.* One ehooldat. 1 aappSW. be a rtgld eoiwerwittva aboai this matter of atete idd la 490ik tore, perttedaily la the mat* ter of helptef pertemtes aft* lu who ease mh ifhe&er a state orainpMMiealfo Is fab* Udy or prlvatehr esmad. After aU, the play*a the thhiv, not the pertkolar pleeo if real estate upon whleb it staade.

Even an, tf the IMaral Government Is f olnf to bo made vesponslble for tho fOe-teiinf of art one mnal eapeot a frowlnf wmphiide m tbo "offldal," purttoularlr idt" second feneraUoB of adnhil> trators take# over. And tho "offidal.'* hlatorleenir. haa ab ways tried te foreetafl ftsbel* Bon.

aUMBHLADI

iteracy i

i roubles

tance is

orgely Broken

By JMS MAW^W '

: WASHINGTON (AP) .Southern resistance to Nesroes, demands lor equal ^rights is crumbling, there may be other violence in the south., if not in Alabama then elsewhere, but the back of the resistance has been broken.

A good example Is In Congress where 10 or 12 years ago . Southern Democrats almost to a man would have mounted their own massive resistance to the kind of voting bill President Johnson propos e d this week.

Now there is speculation whether the Southern senators will even try to use a filibuster, their infallible device of bygone years, to block Johnsons bill.

_ This measurt. to protect Negroes from racial discrimination when they want to vote. , is the most far - reaching leg-^ islatlon of Ite kind ever offered by a president, in this case a Southerner.

The only way to sttg) a filibuster, if it begins, is for two-thirds of the senators present to vote to end it. In the past it was almost impossible to got two - thirds willing to do this.

Now an Associated Pr e s cross - section survey indicates the Senate leadership could round up more than two - thirds needed to curtain debate if a filibuster starts.

Johnson has the support of Senate Democrats and Republicans from outside the South to such an extent that the Republican Senate Leader, Everett M. Dirksen of HllnoU. has predicted no extended filibuster.

Southern resistance began to dwindle in 1957 when Johnson, then Senate majoflty leader, finally got approval of the first civil rights bill passed in this century after Southerners, aTlRdHglr- fighting-it. -rejected an organized filibuster.

Tno more civil rights bills have been approved since then. The last one, passed last year, brought a filibuster last I n g weewr^rifniiF^fnrit cuuw-nt ^,op the leglslati(m. ^hn.on has throxm the hill Mcer of his office behind the Jegroes demands for equal

Wtak 30c Weak 35c

Vancfboro,

.9.7ft -Tm-----

$1J.00

4 00 7.ft0 $14.00

4 25 8.00 $16.00

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRE8B

The Asf:crited Press is exclusively entitled to use for publication all news dtpatrhes credited to it. or not otherwise credited to flu. pnper snd also tha local new pupbllshed herein. All right, of publications of special dispatches here are also rr.erved. v -

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|] sdvertlsliif copy must be received st least one day berort

publtcnilnfn date

treatment at the polls. But support for the Negro has gone far beyond the White House. Negroes are no longer alone in their'fight in the South.

In 1955, when they began a boycott of segregated buses In Montgomery, Ala., there .was no invasion of Northern whites to help them.

There was a vast difference this time after Alabama State Police iwjting under orders of Gov. George C. Wallace to use all "necessary force, teamed up with a sheriff s posse to inflict a bloody beating on Negro demonstrators.

They w'ere setting out on a .50-mile march from Selma to Montgomery to protest denial of their voting rights when the troopers and sheriffs men turned them back with clubs land tear gas.

Whites, old and young, flock-_ to Selma to share in the Jernonstratlons that followed' the beatings of March 7.^ ^

And Wednesday a Southem-bom federal judge. Prank K. Johnson Jr., ordered Wallace and the Alabama police not to interfere with the demonstrators when they begin their march all over again.

He did more than prohibit interference. He said the "wrongs which the Negroes are protesting were "enor-mous, and he. condemned the police action of March 7.

On top of all this mass de-monsti'ations In Northern cJtl-* es arotmd the- country not only put pre..ure on the Pre.ldent to act but on the atithorlties of Alabama, and Indirectly elsewhere, to give Negroes full privileges of their citizenship^ All this w'hite Northern support and presidential backing on ft scftle like this was unseen. and probably undreamed of, back in those days of 19.55 at the start of the Montgomery ixumotL which set In motion

Getting to vote in Bull Whip, Alabama, isnt as easy as one would, think it would be. First, you have- to sneak around a "mounted" sheriffs posse, then fight your way through a cloud of, state poUce tear gas, and then you have to leap over a hundred' cattle prods. And finally, if you still want to vote In^Bull Whip, you have to register, and the registration office in the coiirthouse is only open from .11:55 p.m. to midnight on every sixth Saturday of the month. The problem is that, although the registration office is open, the courthouse is clo.ed, and it's kind of hard to'get into'the-building.'

. Even 80. Mr. George Alier-

nathy.. a Negro, manages,

much to the surprise of the registrar, to get in and asks to Tegiater to vote.

"Fine, George, fine. Ah"d bo glad to register you as soon .as you answer a few <rf these here questions, the regijrtrar says. "Now, first off, what Js your educational b a c k-ground?

"I was a Rhode scholar.' ! , received a BA. from Columbia. a Masters from Harvard, and a Ph. D. frwn M.I.T. , ^Thats just fine, George. Now let me ask you this. Can you read an' write?'

"Ive written three book. on cybernetics, Christian phlloso-phy. snd advanced" political

Other Editors Saying.. Farmers City Friends-

jll that has followed.

Quote

(The Chowan Herald)

Do farmers get a fair shake when, it comes to returns from their products? Six out of every 10 folks from Minnesota dont think so.

Now, Minnesota is a long way off. And maybe what the folks out there think about farmers doesnt seem too importan: as far as our North Carolina rural folks are concerned. On the other hand, perhaps the Minnesota viewpoint could have some application here.

In a statewide survey, the Minneapolis Star and Tribune reported that 62 per cent of those questioned feel that U. S. farmers are short-changed on income from the crops they produce.

Farm residents, of course, were much stronger in this feeling. Some 92 per cent of the farm people sun'eyed felt their returns were less than they should be.

These result were Interest-_ ing. But far more Interesting were the results when The Pefr^ pie explained their answers.

The greatest percentage of thae polled 43 per cent said that the middleman takes too much, or that there aic too many middlemen.

Seventeen per_cent si^ that the farmer Ts' suffertng Tn>m lack of organization, bargaining power, and the means to control prices.

Twelve per cent were of the

opinion that the cost (rf farm operations was too high in relation to the return on products.

Twelve per cent Mid the trouble was over-production and product w'aste.

Five- per cent blamed the farmer's economic plight- on government regulations and too much government controls.

Two per cent said the farmer is hit by too many Imports, eight per cent said they didnt know why the farmers income was too low, and nineteen per cent gave a variety of other reasons.

Some persons polled gave more than one of the above reasMis, so that the percentages, if added, will bring a total of 113 per cent.

What can we draw from this poll? Ortainly w'e cant assume that Identical results would be unearthed weir such a" survey to be conducted In North Carolina. No doubt, though, the results would be jMrtnttar.

^Perhaps, then, the farmer has more allies than he might suspect. Certainly he Is not sharing equitably in the returns from his labor and talents. Others seem to realize this.

"ThF farmer, viewing thlr-fact from his ever-thinning ranks. mu.t take comfort in the knowledge that he has some friends in the city.

theory. ^

"Ahd appreciate It If you didnt use such big words, George. If theres* anything Ah hate It an upptty voter.^

Abernathy says, "I believe I have a right to register."

"Yes, you do, George, but I have to give you this here literacy test cause we calnt have ignoramuses voting for our great governor, George Wallace, if .you know; what Ah mean. Now, first off, would you please read something - f r o m this here newjqmper?

"Its in Chinese.

"Thats right."

Abernathy reads three stories from the Chinese pa-

ftr. The registrar is thrown It he doesnt wMit to show it.

"All right, now will you read the hieroglyphics off this here Rosetta Stone? he says.

Mr. Abernathy reeds the hieroglyphics and toe reglSp trar begins to get nervous.

"George, here Is the constl-tutibn of Finland, In Finnish. Would you please interpret the first 14 articles for me?

"What has that got to do with voting in Alabama?"

"We got to keep out agitators and the like. Now, you going to take the test or not?"

Mr. Abernathy interprets the 14 articles and the registrar becomes truly frightened. He telephones the GovcmMra <rf-fice and reports what Is happening. An aid comes back in a few minutes and says, "The Governor says to give him part four of the test."

The registrar goes to hla safe and takes out a clay jar. "George, theres only erne more thing youre obligated to do for thL here literacy test. Would you be so kind to read for me any two of thesa Dead Sea Scrolls?"

Mr. Abernathy reads tha first one but stumbles on a word In the second one.

"Ahm sorry. Georg a Youve failed the literacy test, but you can come bade next year and try again."

As Abernathy leaves the o(-flop, a white Alabaman comes in to regi.ter to vote.

The registrar says to him. "Would you please spell cat for -------

The white voter says, "K-A-T."

"Try it again. Youre getting warm."

Fortunately, dnet generation naturally rebala ag^ alnat ita ancestors as a mt- . tor of bidoglcal ilfiniBeitt. thera la littla paastbOlty that originality can be wpraaaad short of putting the arts uii> der a political dictatorship. But there are degrees In these matters, Knd the Rockirfellsr Bro-_ lhm Tmia:

the part of Its statement that Btiym^govmimwat should in no dreumataaces "vlttato prtvate Initiative, reduce private re-sponsibf]^ for direction or hamper complete artlstle free-om^ ^ ^

Actually, the relation ef art to the social order that enarj tea It is smnetbing about which we know all te little. Who can explain a Bhske* peare or toe playwrtghts ef ancient Athens? But wa do know that art is a feiraeot as well as a disclpUne and that officialdom is made uneomfor. tably by ferment. What strikes me as I go about toe coimtry 1. the great debt of our contemporary culture to toe giants of toe Nineteen Twei^let and Thirties who represented the rebellion against the privately encouriig^ of

their day. In the schools they now read toe "greats" of tha pjft generation, the Bftming-ways, the Thomas Wolfes, the Scott Fitzgeralds, toe John Stetnbecks who rode the last wave of energy suptoled by the free enterprisers whom ihey frequently denounced. Every plpcd-h) popular musical program that you hear In a restaurant or riding In an ele-vator depends on the Irving Berlins and tbe_Kichard Rodgerses and the Jerome Kerns of an older age, to say noth- ing of toe Jas rhythms of dd Memphis and New Orleans. 'This-Is not te say that a State-supported official d e m such as a National Council on toe Arts would succeed In suppressing the next wate of rebels that Is destined to be studied in toe ecboote. But government. In the last aaaly- ' sis. is a repository ef compulsion. and a National Coundl on toe Arte might succeed In being a more powerful inhibitory engine than the privately supported National Academy of Arte and Letters, which, in the early Nineteen Hundreds, frowned on the rebels Who overthrew the standards of what used to bt called "the genteel tradittmi."

^ Last week* on visit to southern CaUfomia. I made an expected pUgrlmagt to Disneyland. I am no great fan of Mickey Mouse, but DtsnejiiHMk Itself is something pretty wonderful, and tf Mickey Mouse supplied the initial ea-pm foi-4tr 4hen--tht~pnrtl-cular cartoon rodent deeerves a whole handful of Oecare. With its reproductions of the (Continued On Page tl

Itg said: tetes^

it with you*. Btit hsve you ever tried to take a trip w ith-out it:"Henton (Mo.) Democrat.

Battle For The

"or Today

Bv EARL I.. DOUGLASS ITS ALL UP TO US

NapoleoiL nsed to dec 1 s r e that every private carried~in' his knapsack a macshals baton. By this he meant that the soldier of lowest rank had the opportunity to rise to a place of commend If he could show that he had the ability.

True' democracy means that every human being has the oppc^unity to do toe best he is capable of doing. That government br social institution is an evil one which lays a restraining finger even upon the humblest and most unpronils-lug man or woman in the worjd. Whether one is tble to take advantage of his opportunities or not, he should at least have the opportunity afforded him to do so, There is no greater IndlviduaV or social sin than that of putting a

stumbling block in the pathway of any Individual or e.tabll.h-Ing a celling above which he

-may not rise.- ---------

The thing that makes Amer-ira glorious is the realization that here above every other plsce on earth, people have a chance to make good. There are plenty of Injustices in our country. We have much hotise-clcanlng to do before we can measure up to the highest standards of justice and goodness. But it. Is true that here in this country of ours, the humblest rise to high station more often than an^'W'here else. Here In America it is up to the Individual. Neither rank, wealth, nor' family background mean anything unless one has the stuff in him to make good. And If he has, there is I") rtink . to which he may not attain The marshal's baton or any thing else he a ants la hi..

By ELMER ROESINER A half - century war atill jAges ^ narrow battlefield .500 miles long and 25 mllM wide. The lumbering companies and the confrvattoni.ts are battling for passcsslon of the redwot^s.-'

At the moment. It looks as if the conscrvfttloutsts will save most of the redwoods, but that the huge indu.stry lumbering these ti-ccs wlU survive. Tlxe Industiy has expanded in recent years throngh the popularity of 'redwoofl for porch and outdoor himlture.

Giant redwoods grow along a thin coastal strip from San Francisco Bay tmjtisi over the Oregon border. These magnlfl-clent trees produce a beautiful, strong, durable wood that is easily worked and highly resistant to insects and rot.

One phase of the war the fight for the Giant Sequoia is already over. This species pi redwood is the largest living thing In the a orld. Tha

biggest weighs an estimated 6.(X)0 Urns and contains enough wood to build more than 500 r()bm frame hooiWR.

Of the estimated 36,000 acres of Giant Sequoia. 3.5,000 acirs are already tn ptiblic resees. Only 1.600 aeres afe-sHU prlv-at fly held.

ELMER

ROESSNER

But the fight is jjtill on for the C'ahfomia redWood. t h e second of the species. The Caliiornia redwood is more slender than the Secjuola. but grows higher. The tallest la almost 370 feet high. PRIMEVAL TREFJI Theiv are approximately

1.667.000 aerea ef California redwoods the Pactflo Coast. Of this, 365.000 acres are primeval Torest. The pemala-ing 1,322,000 acre* are newf redwood growth In log g e d areas.

The., battle. Iff. oyer the old

growth, which the conserva-tlonl.st. wi.sh to preserve Some

118.000 acres of old growth already are hi public hands. The renialnlng 247.000 acres are owned by private companies.

The American Forest Product., Inc., the (California Redwood Association and other lumbering groups hold that: Timbering is an economic mainstay in Northern Callfom- la where the redwoodrare: Large areas of todays redwoods already have been pre-sened for generattons to come and more are being added*. Timber in productaf foreeti is growing and should baV anoe (rutting in about 20 years;

Much of toe producing redwood land is being grown as a renewable crop In farmtag

type operftlors. CONSERVATION VIEW

The Save - toe Redwood Lasu,-ihg_^erra C9ub nd other consenrattonists want to get as much of the firhrato acreage as possible Into public ownership. The coneerve-tlonlsts must not otdy ciitoB with timbering firms but also with nature, which reduces the reserves, and with the CaUiOf-nia Division of Highways, which keepe cutting down pubttolr owned redwoods to build roads.

Bui toe redwood war will bo over early in the 1990a, a study for the NaUonal Park lor-vice indicates. The study ostt-mates that the last of ttw old rr(ywto Calif(mto Rodwood owned by prtvate intereils wUi have been logged by ttM0.

After that, th Itimbtr oom-panles win be eutUn fnaw growth from tret farmlni taaoa exclusively. And all the tila^ inf old growth CaUtoM rad-woods, like tot Olant as, wffl bo on govifidl Itod.