Thursday, December 17, 1964

"See! Now There's Room In The Inn"

A First Step On Tobacco Problems

- By approving for another three years the trols through appUcaton^of^P^^^ well^ M

: price support and crop control program. Flue cure ^ viume on the acres'allotted for

tobacco producers have Uken the first * but the quality of leaf that is in greatest

ward resolving problems that face their industry. toUcco, but^W q^.^ ,y^^ purchasers.

It should be amply evident to tobacco farmers, Tuesdays vote by tobacbo farmers reflected a

however, that continuation of this program as now degree of unity among tobacco producers for

constituted is not the full answer to all the problems continuation of the program that has meant so

that face their industry. The sharp acreap re- principal crop and their economic

duction for next year will to some extent alleviate Qgi^ion. We trust that this same degree of unity the problem of over-production. But there has bpn reflected as additional steps are Uken to

a steady decline in allotments over the years while tobacco industry on a much sounder foot-

production has continued to mount. ng than it is today.

With the production control and price sup- it would be easy, of course, for farmers to take

port program approved for another three years.

the attitude that they have nothing to worry about for the next three years. And it would be folly for them to make that assumption.

Tuesdays vote in effect gives the tobacco in-

, .ure For .

Preparing

awmakers

attention must now be concentrated on making the program more realistic in view of the needs of

tobacco and its markets. There must be senous _ .... -

consideration of modernizing the production con- dustry a three-year grace period in whi^ to work consmeraiioii problems . . . bringing production in

line with demands from the standpoint of both quality and quantity. If this can be accomplished, the outlook for future expansion of domestic and foreign markets for American flue-cured tobacco is good. If, on the other hand, nothing concrete is done in this direction, it may be expected that further deterioration will take place in the economic position of the tobacco industry in the next three years.

-The vote to continue controls was a major step in the right direction. But it was only one step, and that step alone will not solve all the problems that now face tobacco farmers.

Another Chapter Of Hodges Service Ends

Another chapter of outstanding political service to North Carolina and the nation is being closed with the resignation of Luther H. Hodges as Secretary of Commerce.

When he accepted the cabinet appointment by President Kennedy in 1961, the former governor of North Carolina made it clear that he intended to serve in the post only four years. It should come no surprise, therefore, that his tenure in that

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

EURE Learning of Plans for an early, pre-session legislative caucus by House, Demo- crats, Secretary of State Thad . Eure has moved quickly to get ' things ready for the lawmak-trs in Raleigh.

The senior member of t h e Houses Democratic majority. Rep. George Uzaell of Rowan, has called a caucus of House Democrats on the night of Jan. 7.

The date is the evening before the inauguration (A Gov.-elect Dan K. Moore and nearly a month before convening of the General Assembly on Feb. 3.

But Eure, who Is the official housekeeper and parliamentarian for the General Assembly, wanted to make sure there is a minimum of confusion.

He addressed a memorandum to all members of the 1965 General Assembly this week, enclosing a list of House and Senate seat assi^nir^nts wird-riiield decals ^nr cars and pocket-s'^^d credentials and Identf-Vct^'-' cards sifined in Eures flrvinii script and green ink.

SEATING - The mvthcaJ seat. 120. in t"'

House was assi^n'd to newly-elected Rep. Marvin Lee Ritch of Charlotte.

It Is a mythical .seat because there is no seat 120, and the member assigned to it occupies the seat of the represante tive who is elected House Speaker.

Assigning 120 to Ritch means that Ritch will move to the seat of Pt). H. P. (Pat) Tay-

WlIXIAKi

SHIRES

lor Jr. of Anson, the only candidate for House Speaker, Taylors seat is directly behind the other four seats assigned to House members from Mecklenburg C(wnty so that all five members of the Mecklenburg delegation will be seated together.

In 1963, four Mecklenburg Democrats sat together and the fifth. Republican Rep. J. Herman Saxon, sat on the back row in the rear of the House chamber.

FRONT There will be a few changes on the front row In both House and Senate according to Eures 1965 seating assignments.

Rep. Carson Gregory of Harnett County, who did not serve in 1%3 but who is returning and who sat on the front row in the old House chambers In past sessions, was

the first member to request Seat No. 1 which was occupied in 1963 by retired Rep. John Kerr of Warren, Rep. Henry Hill of Catawba^ill be another newcomer W> the front row in the House.

In the Senate. 1963 Appropriations chairman Thomas J White Jr. of Lenoir County moves to Seat No. 1, occupied last time by Sen. James Stike-leather of Asheville.

Sen. Martha Evans ot Mecklenburg County, a newcomer to the upper chamber after serving in the 1963 House, also gets a front row seat. She will be seated directly in front of Mecklenburgs two other senators. Irwin Belk and Herman Moore.

Seat No. 2 In the Senate goes to Sen. Robert B. Morgan of Harnett, a card^a*' for the post of Senate president pro tern.

appoint - A thick stack of aonointmsnts. official papers and o'ber work awaits Gov. j-p..-,. c-^ford ^ben h* returns to b*^ omc np'^t week Fr-ces indicated that Sanford intends to fill sU existing vacancies and finish mabin'' enTX)1ntments to all in-rrtrne*p bqards and commis-r-roi-T. giibemator i a 1 or'i-trnt before h leaves p-riv next month.

O o nf ti'p boards and com-rTrji-q-'n-!f: \i'bicb mpv be named in he next few days Is the Emo^ovps Incentive Award*: oomrnte?. created by t>o in';? General Assemby but wHich b^s npvp- been a!^X)int-ed to implement a plan for making cash awards to rank-and-fllc state employes for out-.standing efficiency and work and for u'eful. money - saving suggestions.

This committee was authorized by the legislature for a trial period for this sort of plan. 'The legislation authorizing the program is sclduled to expire next June 30 unless extended by the 1965 General Assembly.

TREES An added source of Income is being tapped at this time by the farmers and landowners who put a ffw acres into Christmas tree farms. The cash proftta come just once a year, but the Idea of Christmas tree farms Is growing.

A good deal of care is required to produce shapely trees, but the species most In demand for Christmas trees are fast-growing varieties, chiefly Scotch pine. Norway spruce and red cedar. Some grow the Fraser fir, the balsam which is threatened with eventual extinction In its native habitat high in the western North Carolina mountains.

Growers recently organized the North Carolina Christ mas Tree Growers Association with the purpose of improving and maintaining standards of quality and in promoting the iwro-duct and establishing markets for their trees.

By ART BUCHWALD

as - .

high up post will come to an end as the Johnson administration begins its first full term in office. , T T

During the period he has held the cabinet o O O

post. Secretary Hodges has provided to the Pe- ]J[ loLliiVj.1^ i iwi iV-yl O

partment of Commerce and its phase of government operations the same kind of forceful, high calibre

leadership that he provided North Carolina in the LSt^hM* rtst tiT^pub-

four previous years. In clear and concise terms, ushed and medals of heroism hp has called a spade a spade. He has not failed were passed out to tWs years to speak out on vital issues and let the chips fall

ist

The Christmas Shoppers

where they may. And in so doing, he has not been free of criticism for the manner in which he carried out his duties as the Secretary of Commerce.

For it all, however, the leadership which Hodges has provided in his cabinet position has been one of the important factors in increasing the bus-

mony

the Department of Commerce. Families of the recipients gathered there to see their men decorated with the Christmas Shoppers Medal of Honor, given to those who have risen beyond the call of duty when it

iness and industrial tempo of the nation. He has came to, purchasing gifts for pointed without hesitation to the shortcomings of ^Th^flrst^P^r^rio be cited

was Mr. Phil Stem, a horticulturist from Nyack, New York. Mr. Stern decided to take his four children to F.

A. O. Schwartz, the toy store, on a Saturday afternoon two weeks before Christmas. Despite warnings that it was a suicide mission, Mr. Stern attacked the Fifth Avenue side of the store, but was repulsed by overwhelming enemy forces.

Refusing to be defeated, he then struck the 58th Street entrance where he managed to gain ground and fight his way through to the second floor where he established a bridgehead in front of the electric train display. Though suffering from shock, he managed to rally his patrol and keep

business and industry, and at the same time offered learcrship helping the businesses and industries of the nation take advantage of new opportunities that appeared on the horizon.

In short, Secretary Hodges has provided the ^ calibre of far-.sighted leadership that has served the (}[jQ0r tjCLltOrS OQ. y lllyj* > people of his nation well.

five LanamaiKs

Of Civil Rights

Transcends Economy

The Daih Reflector

MCORPORATO)

Published Every Afternoon Except Sundip

Esteblifhed 1883

DAVID JUIIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

ihitered at Foal Offlca. Oreanvllla. M O, m meoa aiall matter.

WM SOc Week ISc

suBScmmoN ratb

By Carrier (In Tewna)

By Carrier (Motor Routes)

bY MAIL, Payable In Advance OreeoilUs Post Office. Pitt Oountf. RolMnoonils. Vanosboto vgaahlnftoD and GbooowlnltF.

Tbrse Montbs ......................... B-JJ

nx llontiM .............................. YW

Ons Tear ............ IMO

Nortb Carolina (other than Hated abosa)

Three Months ...... ......... AOO

Six Months .................... YJc

One Tear .............. ......

Fliii M. 0. 8alaa Ite -AB Other Outside NorOi Csmm

Three Months ..... .................... Ai.

Six Months ................................ ^

Ons Tsar ............ ..........

__ABBOCIATBD

The Aeeoclated Press Is esciiwlvely entitled to oas lor puno-catloDs aU newa dlspatchM credited to H or not ottoerwtee credited to thla paper and alao tbs mcaJ n^s published herein. AU rli^U of irablkations of special dlspaudies here art aiio ressnrsd

Member Audit Bureau of OircniattnD. . .

ml advertising copy muM be reoelved at isail bfiore

publication date.

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) In all its history five decisions of the Supreme Court stand out as the great landmarks in its handling of civil rights. The last one came this week.

These decisions have been spread out over more than a century. In the course of it the court completely reversed itself, whjch in turn is a reflection of the change in attitude in this country toward Negroes.

1. The Dred Scott decision of 1857. It said slaves and their descendants were not U.S. cit-

JAMEb

MARLOW

izens.

2. The 1883 decision which said it was constitutionally aU right for owners of places of public accommodation, like hotels or Inns, to discriminate against Negroes. This, of course. Included refusing to serve them.

3. The 1896 decision, with Its

tremendous impact on American life and history or more than haJi a century. This said it was constitutiaial to segregate Negroes from whites so long as the.w got equal treatment.

4. The 1954 decision banning public school segregation. This completely reversed the 1896 decision and opened the doors of American life to Negroes by declaring segregation by its very nature was unconstitutional.

5. The decision Monday. This said hotels or motels or other places of public accommodation if they are involved In Interstate commerce cannot refuse to serve Negroes because theyre Negroes. This threw out the decision of 1883.

This is a brief history of the five cases:

SlaveiTwast already a sore subjectrby llWKwhen Congress, admltlipg Missouri as a state, permitted slavenc there but banned it north of a boundary then established. Dred Scott, a Negro, had been a slave in Missouri but later was taken to live in the free states of Illinois and Wisconsin. He was later returned to Missouri and held as a slave. He argued that hU residence In the free states of Illinois (Continued on Page B)

(Kinston Free Press)

The proposed Defense Department plan to eliminate the Army Reserve and include it in the National Guard Is one of the most significant moves made by Defense Secretory Robert McNamara during his tenure. It goes far beyond the anticipated saving of some $150,000,000 a year, which is a vital consideration for all the taxpayers.

President Johnson has described the proposal as both prudent and wise and one which can promote both economy and combat readiness. Some military officials differ with these assessments of the move, but Secretary McNamara has been proven to be an effective exponent of change during the past four years. He has engaged in a far-reaching program of reducing military and naval Installations that are no longer essential to the defense effort. This was achieved despite heavy political pressure to save many of the Installations.

Secretory McNamaras plan has some obvious advantages. It will permit the serious Reservist to remain in combat readiness as the National Guard is brought up to peak strength. ThU is essential for the Reservist who has further

military obligations to meet. At the same time it will encourage those whose Interest in prolonged readiness is minimal to get out and leave the war games to. the dedicated personnel.

There is an obvious overlapping of functions of the Reserve and the Guard and this merger can eliminate the additional personnel needed to maintain separate units. Military junkets by congressional staff members will be put on a multi-service basis and the individual services will not be allowed to approve such overseas travel on their own. This will not affect the travel by congressional committee chairmen. however.

The move is well worth full consideration and Implementation. There may be those In the Congress and the military who will want to debate 11 s merits with Secretary McNamara. This Is their right and duty. We suspect, however, that Mr. McNamara has already done extensive homework on this problem. He no doubt is prepared to show that economy is really overshadowed by greater combat readiness that can be achieved through this merger and strengthening of the National Guard.

them together.

Under heavy fire, he made a reconnaissance mission of the second floor before he was forced to retreat to the first floor. Mr. Stem returned to headquarters with valuable information which made it possible for his wife to attack on the following Tuesday.

His actions were in the highest tradition of the Christmas Shoppers Corps, and gave inspiration to other fathers who refused to leave Nyack during the holiday season.

Mr. Emmett DedmMi of Chicago was cited as follows: Mr. Dedmon heard there was a sale on lingerie at Marshall Fields, and without hesitation volunteered to take on the mission. He rushed Into the department store and was immediately flung to the ground by a hundred angry women shoppers. Though his leg was crushed and his arm broken, Dedmon crawled to the counter and captured a nightgown,

ART

BUCHWALD

which was tom out of his hand. Suddenly someone threw down a pair of lounging pajamas on the floor, which Mr. Dedmon covered with his body, thus saving the lives of hundreds of customers in the building. He managed to crawl towards the door with four purchases and, when asked to surrender, he said, Nuts!

Mr. Henry Rogers of Los Angeles, California, was the third recipient of the CSMH. Ordered by his wife to go to a discount record house to buy several Beatle records, Rogers arrived just as school vacation had started. In hand-to-hand combat with several screaming teen-agers, he managed to wrest three records from them before he was thrown against a hi-fl set and (Continued on page 8)

tension

Scare

Hollow

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1964, King Peaturee Syndicate, Inc.

One of the bigger acare Items afloat in Washington, D.C.. concerns the administration of the private pension funds buUt up by <rporation for the benefit of employees. The idea has been advanced in several places tiiat here ia a huge sum of money some $65 bilU(Mi8 in marketable Investments that might be tapped by the government for its own temporary uses, as social security collections have always been tapped. Just put the pension funds under compulsory government admlnlstraticm, possibly under the Social Security Fund bureaucracy, then exchange blue chip securities for government bondls snd there would be plenty of cash released to shovel out for vestment'* In anti-poverty projects.

This Is a bureaucrats glorious dream. If sU pensi(a plant

J01

CHAMBERI AM

had to be funded through the government, it would bring in a continuing flow ot some $S billion a year for Investment. Put into government paper, or I.O..s, the $5 billion ol course would be (dianged an-nually into a draft on the taxpayers of the future, and so freed as cash to be spent on pa^g govemmrat expenses in the present. The money would, in effect, enrich the bureaucrats without showing up in the annual federal budget.

The bureaucrats dream, however, hardly reckons with reality, for the attempt to socialize the private pension funds would surely be resisted at the outset by many of the unions themselves. Pension funds set up as the result of union-management bargaining are many and varied, and they would naturally baffle anyone trying to plan a takeover. The United Mine Workers fund, for Instance, Is an industry - wide fund which is under the administraron of a three - man board, one chosen to represent the miners, one to represent the coal operators, and the third a neutral agreeable to both sides. The Mine Workers fund is mostly a pay-In, payout proposition. But it has some cash Invested in bhie chip securities, mostly in the coal burning electrical utility field, the rest of it being in government bonds bought voluntarily In the open market, not foisted on the unlwi by compulsion.

A district court keeps dost watch on the mine workers investments, which means there is surveillance without bureaucracy. The cost of admlnlstep-Ing the mine workers fund is pretty close to zero, as union officials do much of the work of certifying cases for payment voluntarily.

In other industries, pension funds are the joint creationa of separate corporations and their employees. Some penslwi plans are set up exclusive of social security payments; others are written to give an employee a total of, say, $200 a month including government social security. The complexity of the various plans would baffle uniform administration by electronic computers. Just how they could all put under government control without a vast amount of special direction involving the creation of a vast additional bureaucracy Is A mystery.

So. although bills may be Introduced into the next session of Congress looking to put prt vate pension plans under ie<iU eral Social Security cwitrol. It is doubtful that the contemplated grab will get anywhere. Back in the Nineteen Forties, the House Ways and M e a n Ommlttee considered putting private pension plans under the Social Security system, with (Ocmtlnued on Page 5)

Trade In Fish Meal Is Booming

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS IN HIM ALONE

The amazing thing about Jesus Christ Is the humility of the man and his greatness. They seem to balance each other. This Jesus had no education In the sense ki which' we understand that terra today. Probably he attended and finished the synagogue school which corresponds to our grade schools. Moses, centuries before, had been a man trained and educated in the worlds best universities. Paul - first a persecutor and later ah apostle - had secured the best training and graduate education the Jewish nation could five a man In that day. But Jesus, the Man for whom Paul laid down his life, had none of the education which we regard as necessary today if one is to be a world leader. We know he could read for he read the scroll once

in the synagogue (Luke 4:16-20). We know he coul() write, for when they brought to him a woman t^en adultery and asked him to judge her case he stooped down and wrote on the ground, probably with his finger or with a smaU stone (John 8: 3-11).

Theology? He attended no seminary. So far as we know he was never ordained to any holy office. Yet today, all offices In Christian countries, both seeular and sa^rt. are held under him.

Cant we aok what this means? Ther' U a glory round about ut which is hidden from our eyes. There Is reality which our faltering senses only aUghtly comprehend. There is love, the quality and depth of which we know little. There is an eternal significance to everything.

And in Christ we find these things either taught, implied or commanded.

By ELMER ROESSNER

Peru apparently has gone mad for of aU things fish meal.

Global trade in the product almost tripled in the last six years with most of the increased traffic provided by the Peruvians. According to a Foreign Agricultural Service report. Perus flBh meal exports of

117.400 short tons in 1958 soared steadily year by year to 306.100 tons. 571.300 Ums, 838,-400 tons, 1,175,000 tons, to 1,-

278.400 short tons last year. This is a gain of about 1.000 per cent.

As Peru was rising from second place to far-and-away first place among fish meal exporting nations, it also Increased lU share of the market from about 20 to more than 60 per cent.

Fish meal is ground up and dried Junk fish caught in the nets and the remains of fish packing operations. It is a hlgh-protein concentrate containing animo acids necessary to good animal nutrition. It is usually Incorporated in balanced feed riatures of vegetable sub-

stances to which minerals and vitamins sre added. LIVESTOCK FEED

The bulk of fish meal Is used In poultry and hog rations. When prices are competitive with other protein concentrates, it Is also used in feeding other livestock.

Chile increased its share of the market more than 700 per cent in the six-year period. But It started at the much lower export level of 11.900 short tons in 1958. rising to 95,700 tons in 1963.

Other notable Increasai in fish meal exports were scored during the period by South Africa (from 96.600 to 235.800 tons); Iceland (60,200 to 114,-800 tons); and (Canada (29,300 to 56,700 tons). Angola, alone, registered a considerable, steady decline, dropping from 89,-600 short tons in 1958 to 90300 tons last year.

The biggest users are prosperous, high-meat-dlet countries -which dont have adequate fish meal suppUes of their own. The United States led the list last year with Imports of 386,-900 tons. West Germany was

next with Imports ot 332,400 tons, followed by the United Kingdom with 310,500 tons. EXPORTER TO IMPORTER Japan, which once had its own adequate supplies, ixD-ported a sizeable 92,900 tons. Japan still exports relate ly small amounts ol fish meal, but imported none until 1960. From that year on its buying rose quickly.

Most of the increased in world supplies of fish mesl since 1959 has been absorbed by Western Elurope and the United States.

hicrease buying has been the case in all importing countries In the Free World except one:

ELMER

Germany are estimated to have dropped list year while Czechoslovakian and Hungarian Imports roes sligtitly. Pol-isb fish meal purchases rose sharply In 1963.

U.S. FEED GRAIN EXPORTS RISE

While importing more fish meal, the U.S. continues to export more feed grain. S h 1 p-meats for July, 1963, to May, 1964. amounted to 14.5 mlUiaa metric tons, compared to 13.4 million tons for the same year ago period. Com exports roee 20 per cent whe the ether three grains combined declined 16 per cent.

ROR8SN

Rhodesia.

On the other side the Iron Curtain, lmx>orts into East

SUNFLOWER SEED PRO-DUCTION DOWN SHARPLY LAST YEAR Sunflower seed production in 1963 was 6.6 million short tons, according to the Foreign Agricultural Service. This Is IS per cent below the 7.5 mlHlon-ton production in 1962. Lower crops in Russia wid Argentina caused the dro{^Desplte the decline, Russia still accounts for two-thirds of the world production.