WedntKay, December 16, 1964

Secretary Of Defense

Grifton Adopts Long Range Plan

The governing board of progressive Grifton is getting ahead of other municipalities in seeking to capture the growing economic wealth of today s

youngsters. .

While many communities are worrying oyer the problem of providing sufficient auto ^rking facilities in and near their downtown areas Grifton has turned its attention to the Parking problem or the generation that has not yet reached driver s li-.cnse age. It has decided to purchase bicycle racks to be placed in its downtown area for the convenience of its younger citizens. ,, .

With nickles, dimes, quarters and dollar bills ^ ^

in increasing millions finding their wav MeXIlOriGS

o- bicvclc-age youngsters each year, th pov.er of kids is literally r'^roommg And .Uhere anything merchants have learned

convenient for Junior or Sister to spend this

allowance. If the youngsters can be trained downtown area and its many advantagesincludi ig bicycle racksduring their formative years, maybe theyll grow up to buck the trend toward shopping centers.

Who knows! , ^

After all the billions spent around the country experimenting with traffic patterns, face-hftmg, malls and what-have-you, Grifton may have come up with the ansvver to the nations problem of how to save downtown!

IS

in recent

years, it is that'convenient parking attracts cus-tomors. If it applies to the mothers and fyhers, certainly it has nibbed off on the kids by the time

thcv^ reach bike-age. ^ , ,

It may well be that this Grifton Plao has a

more

Of Misery Have Become Dimmed

It was perhaps inevitable that the story of a great battle would be re-hashed on its twentieth Liiniversary 5 and the Battle of the Bulge, as it loiig-range aspect that just making it more called, is getting the full treatment this week.

And why not?

Historic prespective is a missing factor on the s^ene of most such climactic events; and on that swirling Belgian battlefront confusion was paramount. But today the fears, the misery, horror, agony and uncertainties are largely forgotten.

The battle was launched December 16, 1944 ; the Nazi drive was halted on Christmas Day, and the bulge was crunched out by the end of January.

American losses were estimated at 40,000; German losses; 220,000 in dead and prisoners.

Time has drawn a comforting blanket of forgetfulness over the memories of those who lived through those critical days and only the "broad picture remains ... the chaos, anxieties and shattered bodies are replaced by a knowledp of heroism, bravery and sacrifice that brought victory.

It is better that way.

More Readers For Newspapers

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

PRESS Daily newspaper readership in North Carolina is increasing rapidly.

Remarkable gains in circulation have been registered by most of the states 47 daily newspapers during the past 47 years according to a study by the University of North Carolina school of journalism.

Overall. the circulation frowth rate of the North Carolina dailies outstripped t h e j)opulation growth rate by fcore than two thirds, accord-Ipg" to the study.

Population Increased by 19.5 l>er cent from 1950 to 1%4. a tain of 790,071 persons, from 4.061.929 in 1950 to 4.852.000 estimated by the Census Bureau In 1964.

During the same period. Korth Carolinas daily newspapers had a combined circulation increase of 280,190, a 32.7 per cent gain. The study placed 1964 dally newspaper circulation in the state at 1,136.802 ts compared with 856,612 in 1S50.

WTLLIAIbi

SHlRCf

NEWSPAPERS This means a per capita circulation of one newspaper for every 4.27 persons as compared with One for every 4.75 in 1950.

Dailies in large and small cities alike, on the average, had a greater rate of circulation growth than the population as a whole, with the largest comparative gains registered in the states smaller Cities.

An increase In the number of daily newspapers from 42 to 47 was all in the smaller cities.

Only two dally newspapers ceased publication during the period while seven newspapers entered the daily publlca-tiori field. The new daUies wpre the Jacksonville Daily News, the Sanford Herald, the Thom-asrille Times, the Morganton News-Herald. the Dunn Record. the Richmond County Jrunial and the Tryon Bulletin.

The study reoorted by Jour-nalism Prof. Ken Byerly was based on weekday circulation figures. Suni^ay circulation figures jumped accordingly, and a number of dally newspapers publi'^hed in the state began new Sunday editions.

Among the more recent additions to the Sunday edition .T iT ----- -

field have been the Fayetteville Observer, the Gastonia Gazette and the Goldsboro News-Argus.

CIRCULATION - Byerlys study Included a breakdown ol circulation gains according to size of the cities of publication.

This showed that the six dailies in three cities of more than 100,000 population, Charlotte. Greensboro and Winston-Salem, grew 89,382 in combined circulation, from 575.456 in 1950 to 464.838 in 1964. for a growth rate of 23.8 per cent.

In cities from 50,000 to M.-999 population, seven dailies were up in combined circulation by 58,625. from 244.547 In 1950 to 305472 in 1964, a growth rate of 24 per cent.

Ten dailies in cities of 25,-000 to 49.999 population had a combined increase of 50.620 from 1950s 122.960 to 173.580 in 1964. up 41.2 per cent.

In cities of 10.000 to 24,999 population, daily newspa per circulation was up from 98,341 in 1950 to 159.988 in 1964. a growth rate of 62 7 per cent, with the number of dailies Increasing from 15 to 17 per cent.

Dailies in cities under 10,000 population Increased from four to seven, with a circulation jump of 19.916 from 15.-308 in 1950 to 35,224 in 1964. a growth rate of 130.1 per cent.

DISPUTE Two of the states most populous counties, Guilford and Forsyth, are engaged in a dispute about boundary lines.

The dispute involved an area of about six miles along the county linea. Only about half a dozen property owners are directly affected, and the matter is in mediation stage between committees representing the Forsyth and Gmlf o r d County commissioners.

jf^ _ Gov. Terry Sanford will present North Carolinas contribution to the John F. Kennedy Library more than $190.000 to Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy in ceremonies in New York next Tuesday, Dec 22.

The amount raised In North Carolina leads all states except Masaachuaetts, where the Kennedy Library will be established in Boston. Even so. the state chairman for the Kennedy Library Drive. Hugh Morton, says we did not quite reach the goal we set for ourselves. Morton expressed hope that additional contributions would put North Carolinas total over the $200.000 mark.

In addition to the check, Sanford will present Mrs. Kennedy a copy of the color-sound motion picture whieh was made of the tribute to President Kennedy program at Chapel Hill last May. _

Another Major Riahts Decision

The Dailv Reflector

MCORPOtAm

Fubllh#d Evry AftRmoon ExqM Sundty fotabliihad 1182 DAVID JUIIAN WHICHA8D, 8ubllihr Enterad at FmA Offlct. OrMnTfUa.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) The Supreme Court unanimously has given its moat important civil rights decision since it declared public school segregation unconstitutional 10 years ago. The 1954 decision was also unanimous.

The court Monday upheld the constitutionality of a key section of the much fought-over 1964 QvU Rights Act which forbids racial discrimination In placea of public accommodation.

It ruled: hotels and motels must serve all races If their customers or food move In interstate commerce. There may be some exceptions which dont affect interstate commerce. They'll be few. The court didnt spell out details.

The court could have reached its dacision in one of two ways or both: the Constitutions commerce clause gives thi government power to regulate interstate commerce: the 14th Amendment guarant e e s all citizens equal treatment.

The court based its decision on the commerce clause. But the road to Tuesdays action was 81 years long.

After the Civil War quick action was taken to give newly freed Negroes equal rights. The 13th Amendment to t h e Constitution (1865) said they were citizens: the 14th Amendment (1868) said all citizens must get equal treatment; and the 15th (1870) said Negroes could not be denied the right to vote.

Between 1866 and 1875 Congress passed six civil rights acts to carry out the intention of those amendments. One, in 1875, said Negroes must get equal treatment in inns, amusement places and other public accommodations.

This w'as meant to back up the 14th Amaidment. But Negroes were discriminated against. It took them eight years to bring five such cases be-

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SUiSCRIFTION RAW By Canter (H* Trwiw)

By Cardar (Motor Koutot)

or MAIL, 8ayabte In Arfvanao

OreenvUla Post Offlct, HR CXmnty. RotananTlUt. Vanoetooro Washington and Chooowlnltf. . *

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Phil i N. C. 0al Tia All Other OuUrtde North Carolina ^ ^ ^

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moiui AfBOClATEO

The AMOclated Preii la exclusively entitled to osa puoM

cations all news dlspatobai credited td it eg not credited to this paper and also the local newi pubilsoed herein. All rights of publlcatioiis of ipeclal dlspatchas art aiao retenre^

Member Audit Bureau of ClrctUaUoo.

All advertLslng copy must be received at least <me day oeiore

pubUcaUon date

MARLOW

fore the Supreme Court.

The court skipped over the commerce clause which it could have used the power of the government to regulate Interstate commerce and concentrated on the 14th Amendments guarantee of eq* utl treatment.

It ruled that the 1875 act forbidding discrimination in

public accommodations under the 14th Amendments equal protection only intended to forbid states to pass discriminatory laws. The court held that it didnt apply to individuals, like hotel or theater owners, who were thus left free to discriminate.

But one of those justices in 1883 John Marshall Harlan dissented. He said an innkeeper is charged with certain duties and responsibilities to the public. The pubUc nature of his employment forbids him from discrimination. But after the 1883 decision of the court Congress passed no other major legislation against discrimination in public accommodations until the summer of 1964, even though after the 1883 decision states piled up segregation laws.

When President John F. Kennedy sent his civil rights bill to Congress In 1963 he said, There is an age-old saying that property has its duties as well as its rights.

Kennedy asked in his message to Congress that discrim mation in public accommodations be forbidden under both the commerce clause and the 14th Amendment.

One of the main and most persistent arguments against the 1964 act was that telling businessmen they had to serve tU kinds of people would de prive Americans of personal and property rights. The act was passed after a record Senate filibuster and sign e d into law by President Johnson last July 2,

It ran into some quick defiance and test cases were rushed to the court. Tuesdays unanimous opinion was written by Justice Tom Clark.

Instead of invoking the 14th Amendment, thus undoing the 1883 opinion, since few motels or hotels can operatg without sUte or city regulation, CTark based his opinion on the power the commerce clause of the Constitution gives the government to regulate Interstate commerce.

Some of the other justices, although all agreed in upholding the 1964 acts constitutionality, thought Clark should have ruled under both the commerce clause and the 14th Amendment.

Perhaps later, under some other kind of test of the act not imagined now, the court will also rule under the 14th Amendment.

By ALVIN TAYLOR

The Mail Came

1 hrouan

Youve heard of the mountain of mail for Greenville, North Carolina that is constantly routed through Greenville SOUTH Carolina.

Well here is a pat on the back for the post office department.

Seems a letter mailed from Winston-Salem and bearing a news release was addressed to the editor David J. Which-

ard. The Dally Reflector, Greenville, SOUTH Carolina.

The letter was promptly delivered right here in Greenville, North Carolina. Judging by the post mark and the fact that it bore no missent stamps, it couldnt have possibly gone where it was addressed.

Someone in the post office department was simply smart

enough to figure out where it was really intended to be delivered.

Smart postman.

Other Editors Sneaker Ban

Saying.. Law

(Washington Dally News)

It is true that in the closing hours of the last legislative session a bill was rushed through banning the appearance of known communist speakers at state-controlled institutions.

This law ha* created a bitter controversy on college campuses which are state-controlled. A determined fight among educators has taken place since the passage of the law to get it repealed at the next session of the N. C. legislature.

However, the very impetus given to repeal among the educators serves today to make outright repeal almost impossible. The publicity given to the various denouncements of the law has a widespread effect upon public thinking.

Over North Carolina in the Democratic campaigns in May and June and to some extent in the general election in November the speaker ban law entered directly into the political infighting.

We would say that a majority of the candidates running for legislative seats had to come out early and state their position on the law. This would never have taken place had not the educators made such a fight on the law.

As a result of the campaigns most legislators have stated in advance their positions, and we hardly see how repeal can be expected. It is entirely possible that some clarifying amendment* can be added, but these amendment* could well

help to strengthen the law rather than weaken it.

As we understand it today, a singer or a dancer who is a known communist can appear at a state institution, but once a communist starts to speak, the law i* being violated. We see little difference between singing, dancing, if the arts are being performed by communists, than in a Russian doctor using a state university platform to di;scuss medical or scientific advanc e s among fellow professional personnel. Yet the singer or dancer can perform, but the scientist cannot speak, even though what he says might in no way be related to communism or politics.

We have said this before, and we repeat now. If a Russian doctor should find a cure for cancer, American doctors and American people would want to have the benefit of that knowledge. In other states doctors could listen to the communist doctor speak, but in North Carolin he could not speak from a state platform.

There are a lot of things to be considered, and when we look at the full picture as it is today, we hardly see much prospect of repeal of this law. It has often been termed controversial. In our part of the state the word controversial hardly applies. It appears that our Eastern North Carolina people approve of the law.

As we see it, the law is likely to remain <m the books.

We dont know how many readers were thrown off by the Dec. 8 cross word puzzle in the Daily Reflector, but there were several spacing errors in it.

One reader was smart enough to figure it out anyw'ay. He sent it back complete with a note: Even with your perplexing and confusing way of presenting crossword puzzles, it still is possible to solve some.

We cheeked, and sure enough there werent enough blocks for some words and too many for others.

Twenty lashes to the Associated Press crossword puzzje department which prepares the things. And congratulations to

ALVIN

TAYLOR

the readers who figure It out anywaY.

Every time we aee a newly revised dictionary, we eagerly look up the word judgment. Our interest is in determining whether common usage has brought the rule makers of spelling around to recognizing an e between the g and m.

For, you see, through years of copy reading, we have knocked that e out of judgement more times than we can count. The tendency, of course, is to add ment to judge. But the dictionaries say otherwise.

Thee and thou, ss that look like fs, and other such usages have disappeared from t h e English language simply because people stopped usl n g them.

(Continued on Ptgs I)

Cause

Has A Future

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1964, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

A Californfx professor, Seymour Upset, sa3^ the 26 mU-lion supporters of Barry Gold-water can be more or less generalised into an image ot a middle-aged, white, tradition-allM Protestant who comes from a small city or two and either works for himself or for a small business. In other words, the 26 million who voted for conservative principles on November 3 belong to a declining element in American life. This is the professors own estimate of what he Is saying.

If this is true, the conservative cause doesnt have much of a future. But Professor Upsets picture, which he painted prophetically at a conference in WUUamsburg. Virginia, last June and new sets forth

JOBA

CHAMBERl-AOl

as a post-mortem In the Social Democratic magazine New Leader, is not wholly consistent with his own regional analysis of the sources of Gold-w aters biggest vote. Moreover, as a basis for conjecture about the future of the conservativa cause, it overlooks the many conservatives who voted for Lyndon Johnson because they were genuinely frightened by what they considered to ba Goldwaters radical milit a r y policy.

On Professor Upiets own showing. Ooldwatar did relatively well In the parts of America that have been undergoing the greatest eccmom i 0 growth and social transformation. Professor Lipset speaks of cities in the South and West that contain a disproportionate number of upwardly mobile nouveaux riches. Now, if the conservative cause is doing its best where opportunity still beckons, it hardly checks with the idea that it belongs to a declining element In society. To insist on economio growth and social'transformation as a declining thing in America is to go counter to the evidence of our senses, even though statistics can bo fallaciously manipulated to show that upward mobility* is less possible than It was in the time of our grandfathers.

What impressed me when I was in Prcrfessor Lipsets California last summer was t h o number of young married people in the ^,000-a-year income tax bracket (or thereabouts) who were carrying the torch for conservatism. They were white, but they did not otherwise fit Professor Lipsets generalized image of the Geld-water voter. Some of them depended on small business; others worked for electronic companies that are, to say the least, middle-sized. What united these relatively young people was the yeaminy to build something for their families. They were tax conscience without being mean about it. and they were especially proud about their ability to- decide things for themselves.-|t bothered them that their crusade -had become compromised by the nuclear issue, which they resented.

Since these young people have growing families, I find It impossible to believe that the conservative come-back has reached a peak in 26 million Gold water votes. In tho African and Asiatic worlds socialist radicalism may still have a future, but the movement throughout the Western world has been toward limi" tatlon of state welfarism at a point that is consistent with keeping inflationary trends from taking over. The movement In the East European countries and in Soviet Russia itself has been toward what the Wall Street Journal has called creeping capltalisip. Leftist politician* may still r#-(Centlnutd On Part I)

Quote

A Leaal 'Gamble' In All States

"The ladder of life la full of splinters, but you never realize it until you begin to alide down. Everman (Tex.) Time*.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS BEHOLD A DOOR

A wealthy man whose hobby was the collection of valuable musical instrument* once secured possession of one of the rarest and finest violin* In the world. A noted violin* 1st who had made a fortune as he appeared before audiences all over the world, came to this rich man and offered him a hugs sum of money for thif violin. The owner declined to sell.

Then the viollnl.st asked that he might have the privilege of playing the instniment. He did so. and so squlsits was his performance that at t h e end the owner handed the instrument to him and said: This violin belong* to the man who can use it not to the man who can buy U, Take it-Its yours without cost.

The thing* in life which really count always gelong to the people who can use them. Usually they actually are in the possession of such people. But even If they are not, there is a way in which ability reaches across ownership and establishes tlUe that mere purchase money cannot establish.

Let us givf not only our applause but our support to the people ki Ule who can make use of Its opportunities. Man does not make opportunities. God creates opportunities, open* the door and invites men to enter therein. Most of the world passes by looking at the stars, or chattering, but a few look Intently at the door and eciter It.

Life's best gifts and opportunities belong to those who can use them.

By ELMER ROESSNER Gambling with dice and roulette wheels is illegal in most states. But gambling on the sale of Christmas trees is a legal risk in almost all states, and thousands of speculators play the game for winnings that may total $155 million this year.

The wholesale and retail Christmas tree market is more chancy than Harrods slot mv chines at Las Vegas. Every year hundreds of eager enterprisers buy trees in wholesale lots and sell them to even more eager retailers.

If things work out all right, wholesalers and their retailers make a lot of money. Retail mark-ups may run as high as 500 per cent: a $5 gross profit on a $1 tree.

But things do not always work out aU right.

GOING FOR BROKE Lets take the case of a young man who rents a vacant lot for i-'lO and who orders a truckload of trees at, say $250. If all goes well, he may sell them at from $2.50 to $10 each, per-hap.s knocking the price down to $l for the straggly strays 00 Christmas Eve. He m a y

have to hire an assistant or two and may end up with $1.-000 profit.

Or, if he is a bigger operator. he may aeU many times more trees apd reap proportionately larger riches.

All this assumes favorable conditions. But the enterpriser may meet these situations:

. A warm speU may start tomorrow, causing needles to drop off and discouraging sales except at losing prices.

. His trees may have been cut too early and the leaves fall too early making them unsalable.

. There may be a freeze or snowfall, keeping customers away.

. The city council may enact new laws against firs hazards, making trees Juat about illegal.

. A nearby supermarket may start .selling trees below co.st to build traffic. Un.sold trees may be more than a dead loss; the gambler may have to pay to ha vs them carted away. WORST IS yet to come The most persistent menace, however, are artificial tree*. A few years ago. the silly things of feathera were not

much competition to the tree dealer. But recent advances in plastic makes a vinyl evergreen look more like a spruce than a natural pine does.

One estimate for this year Is that of the $155 milUon to be si>ent for Christmas trees. $55 million will go for artificial trees. The total for these trees has been rising each year and as the plastic arts improve, and fire safety regulations get tougher, the plastic tree may be the conimon pagan household symbol, and the evergreen may be for the birds.

Furthermore, the artificial tree market is less chaotic, less risky. Manufacturers sell through established outlet*, un--^

ELMER

never turn brown.

NEW CHRISTMAS TREE COMING

The U. S. Department of Af riculture, howevsr, still has faith in the grown C5ulstmaa tree. It ha* crosssd the Bifrm Nevada Lodgepqle pine aiu) tht shore pine, producing a trcg that grows to about six feet in four or five ytara, produces thick, green foliage and grows its own decorations In the form of cones.

However, seedlings wont bf ready for field-testing pntll 1967, and the trees wont bf generally available until tht 1970s, by which time the pas tics industry wUl probahly h&vt trees with red and yellow ctoet and DsiUng birds In tbt branches.

ROBggNER

sold trees may be saved for the next year, and the nosdks

THERES A LIMIT TO CHARITY SHOW

DEDUCTIONS

Q: If I spent $50 for t tick*

et to a charity performan<jf of a Broadway show, Is It deductible? G.L.

A: Only the amount abovf the regular price Is deductible. If it Is an $8.80 show, there 1* a $41.20 deduction In calqulaV Ing Inoomc taxss.-^.R.