Wdnsday, D<mber 2, 1964

"On To Moscow!''

Good Common Sense By The Jury

The Miami jury may not have been made up of experts on health or tobacco, but at least the exercised good common sense in rendering the verdict that a cigarette manufacturer could not be held responsible for the death of a man who

had smoked its product for years.

The jury rejected the contention that the company was responsible for the death of a three-packs-a-day smoker who had died of lung cancer

seven years ago.

For the jury to have found otherwise would

have opened the flood gates not only for suits against manufacturers of cigarettes, but manuiac-turers of almost every other product would have put the concept of legal ' of manufacturers in a position far removed from the one that has Previously been ayumed.

Pioneering In

' i^ecord-Keeping

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

RECX)RDS - Until two years afo. the state of North Carolina had no central depository for marriage records.

These decuments were kept on file in the courthouse of the various counties. And over the years, general deteriorat i o n brought on by age. improper storage, moisture, rodents and the like took a heavy toll.

In addition, at least one third of the older county courthouses in the state have been destroyed by fire, flood and other causes, often with complete loss of irreplaceable records and documents.

This probably means that of ficial records of the marriages of one of every two couples wed in North Ca'olira prior to 1962 have been lost forever, to say nothing of the records of countless official l^'val actions - deeds, titles, wills -d the like.

Tod'-- ''ever, North Car-

iV II.I.I AVk

siilub

olinas CO.- -^0 archival-re-cords management program is the largest and mos. cuii.pre-hensive of any ol the 50 states, and was recently recognized as a model for the nation.

STEPS - The state's pioneering efforts in archives began nearly haU a century ago.

However, it was not until after World War H that steps were taken to halt the huge loss of records and documents which, once lost, could never be duplicated.

It was to 1953 **at the Department of Archives and Ht-tory opened the first State Records Center specifically constructed for housing semi-current records of state agencies.

Then, in 1959, the General Assembly authorized a local records program, that which has become a model for other states.

The 1959 legislature aw>ro-prlated $75.000 to begin the local records program similar to that set up earlier for state agencies. This local program has been developed over the past five years and now Includes restoration of available local records some of which date back as far as the 1600s.

FILES Archives and History officials, in a report on the program, say that If the records of state government now available in Raleigh were filed In a straight line, in a single flUng drawer, they would stretch from the State Capitol to Durham.

They would fill more than

22,000 iour-drawer filing cabinets costing more than $1 million.

In addition.' these cabinets would occupy more than 130,000 square feet of office space which, at current rental prices, would cost the taxpayers $400,-000 a year Needless to say, the archives records program is set up more ecwjomically.

KEPT - 'For example, during most of the retention period of agency and local records of temporary value, they arc stored ki boxes on ceiling high steel shelves. There Is space for 32.000 cubic feet of records in corrugated boxes, releasing thousands of filing cabinets for re-use.

Then microfilming ot records needed for occasional reference saves up to 98 per cent of required storage space. Fifteen drawers of records can be filmed on 10 rolls of 16mm film, and specialists now film about 10 million images of state records each biennium.

At the end of a scheduled f sto:age period the stored records are weeded for all docu-me*.its possessing possible, historical significance and these are saved, usually on mlcro-filir:. the others - the vast bulk of agency records are destroyed.

SERVICE - Archives and History officials regularly offer advice and assistance to state agencies and other offices relating to maintaining and preserving needed records.

One result of the program Is evident in a cutback and elimination of unnecessary correspondence and reports in many departments, and the states records managem e n t specialists conduct workshops on simplification of recordkeeping and improvement of filing systems.

The department believes that by controlling records and simplification of record-keeping, the state is saving money and the state agencies are operatr ing more efficiently.

FIRE - In addition, the methods and services of the records management program are frequently available to nonstate agencies.

A fire recently swept through a building housing the records of aU registered nurses in North Carolina.

Luckily, these records were In filing cabinets and most of them were saved. Hewever, there wm a good deal of water damage, scorching and smearing with debris. Ofticiate of the state records center were called on for assistance in restoring the records of approximately 40,000 registered nurses.

Several thousand cases, each with four to five sheets, were separated and laid out to dry on specially coostructed screen wire. Some were so stuck together they had to be soaked again to be pulled apart but the Job was done.

been just m logical for the next Jwy to have found General Motors responsible for a hlghww S invoking one of the 'to. -nanu

There is far more concrete *7** .j and otherwise, of the haaard of riding *n ut<^

mobiles than there is the

health hazard. Yet no one shouts that it is the fault of the auto manufacturer that thousands of people die on the highways each year. There has been no suggestion that Congress req^uire automobile to carry a label declaring that be dangerous to life and limb.

Perhaps the decision of the jury althouffh it was composed of men and women were neither medical, statistical experts, will help put the country even keel in this hassel over cigarette smoking.

Illustrates Need For A UN Police Force

More than anything else, the rescue of in the embattled Congo underscores a need TO an international police force at the disposal of the United Nations Secretary-General. a.

As the operation at Stanleyville illustrated, it

neednt be a large force; but it would require great mobility and the authority to act before budding crises got out of hand. __

When and as needed, such an international

force could be augmented by national unite; but its prime value would lie in being immediately available during those critical hours when world

captals are enmeshed in talking. , i

Unfriendly propagandists are doing their level best to depict a humanitarian act as warlike and aggressive. To some degree they appear to have succeeded, or at least beclouded the thinking of

their dupes. .

The future may be presumed to include more

instances wherein drastic steps are necessary m

the name of humanity. There are means to take

those steps without the well-intentioned individual

nations being bludgeoned by their critics.

Year Of Grace To Be Prepared

By ALVIN TAYLOR

The Late-Hour Patter

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) -President Johnson, far more wrapped up in home problems than foreign ones, has had t year to prepare himself for asserting world leadership.

He has asserted very Uttle of it yet in any truly visible way. Just because his foreign experience is limited, It remains to be seen how good he Is in this field, or if he Is good at all.

At this moment American foreign leadership is beginning to look a little beat up and tattered. Two good exwnples: the disintegrating war to Viet Nam and this countrys rickety NATO alliance wiUi the West Europeans But he must prove himself soon, for time is running out on him.

Today two of hla biggest immediate problems were to his lap. seeking solution: What to do about the Soviet Union to the United Nations and how to win the Vietnamese war or at least not lose it to total disaster.

Perhaps to his first year, when he had simply Inherited the presidency, Johnson was reluctant to be pushy to foreign affairs, wondering If he could claim the full endorsement of the nation.

He can have no such reluo-Unce now after the approval be got in his landslide election victory.

The Daily Reflector

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MARLOW

He has provided none of the sense of life and movement that distinguished Presid e n t John F. Kennedy to foreign affairs. even wten be accom-pUshed little or blundered, as he did in the Cuban invasion disaster of 1911. '

In time the action and goodwill Kennedy put into fcHrtlgn affairs may be considered Ms greatest contribution to the presidency. At the sancie time, he was no match for Johnion to getting programs through Congress.

Johnson, as President since Kennedy's death, necessari 1 y has had final say to this coun-Uy's foreign decisions. But they have had n<me of Kennedys shine if only for the rea

son that while Kennedy acted in full view of the nation and the world with his decisions and his programs, Johns o n has called the shots most of the time from offstage and out of view, using aides as emissaries.

Since that fatal Nov. 22. 1963, in Dallas, Johnson seems to have had three main occupations. all of them domestic: getting programs through Congress, running for. election, and to the weeks since then at his Texas ranch getting his 1965 budget and programs ready for the Congress returning to January.

In his first year Kennedy put the Peace Corps to motion, stepped up the Vtotnsxnese war, ordered the resumption of nuclear tests after the Soviet Union broke the test-ban moratorium, met with the then Soviet premier, Nfiklta Khrushchev, to Vienna, with French President Charles de GauUe to Paris and with then British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan to London.

Johnson inherited a bad situation in Viet Nam, but it has steadily been getting worse. Just a Ww weeks before he took of^. President N g o Dinb Diem vas assassinated and a new government took over. Since then, one regime after another has been toppled.

Meanwhile, the Communist guerrillas North Viet Nam have been making hash of the resistance put up by the American-backed SouUi Vietnamese, who at. this minute seem to be falling apart.

Now the American ambassador to Salfon. Maxwell D. Taylor, is home to confer with Johnson today on how to win or at least icape disaster. Defeat may mean the loss of all of Southeast Asia to Red Chl-na.

The declslooa Johnson makes now will be fateful.

Today at the United Nations, this country faced a slowdown, unless an escape of <Ab-er solution la found. The reason; the Soviet Union's refusal to pay its abare, $5$.6 mU-Uon. of the world organizar tion'a peace-keeptog costs.

Under U.N. rules a member that doesnt pay its dues cant vote. And the Soviet Union has threatened to walk out if it cant vote. tUa could mean the smash-up of the United Nations unless some way out is found.

Relations among the NATO Allies are Iricreaatagly rooky. The United States isnt solving anything. Even its proposals (Continued on page 9)

Weve been interested to tuning in the Les Crane Sbpw which has recently made its debut during the late evening hours on the ABC television

network.

It is seen in this area on

New Berns channel 12, beginning each week night at 11:15.

Crane, a new-breed young man of television, conducts a talk show. He sits In the center of a circular stage and his guests sit around him.

Other Editors Saying... Not A Cure. But An Aid

(Washington Dally News)

Secretary <rf Agriculture Orville Freeman haa announced A cut to flue cured tobacco acreage for next year of 19A percent, subject to the approval of the tobacco growers in the referendum to be held on Decem^r 15.

The acreage cut by no means can be taken as a cure for our tol^co iHxiblems which beset us today. B is at best on^ m aid, but at tWs time it is about the most plausible step that can be taken.

With the Stabilizatlcm corporation having on hand close to a billion pounds of tobacco, we are told that under normal demands, this surplus repr^ gents what the industry requires over a three-year period.

Frankly, we realize and we are sure that tobacco farmera realize that there is no quick cure or solution to the present day tobacco problems. It is true that America could take the billion pound surplus out into the ocean and dump it there, thus giving us a clem slate to Start over with. But that it is hardly the type of solution we can afford under our free enteriMise system.

At the same time he announced the acreage cut. Mr. Freeman called upon tobacco farmers next year to raise the types of tobacco recommended by agricultural colleges and cmmty agents. Thus what he said is "raise quality tobacco so that it can be sold to buying companies rather than to the Stabilization corporation.

Some pertinent and Important facts stand out to this tobacco picture which is with us today. In 1964 tobacco fa^ mcrs raised more tobacco than they did in 1954 despite the fact that during that 10 years the acreage had been cut 40 percent. It shows definitely that acreage cuts mean very little in over-all production because better methods, better varieties, and better farming hive combined to Increase production per acre each year.

xiow the fact that the secretary Of agriculture has announced the acreage cut is merely one part of the overall picture. Whsit is vastly more Important to all of Uf right now Is the vote referendum coming up on December 15. ActuaUy the Freeman announcement is meaningless unless tobacco farmers vote favorably by a two-thirds margin in the referendum. We must come face to face with the real challenge now. We cannot afford to dilly-dally.

Breathing down our necks at this very moment is the attitude of the (Borgia tobacco farmers who want to do away with controls and be free to plant whatever tobscco acreage they desire. If they have their way. we could well see 20 cents tobacco next year.

In a way tobacco farmers are "over the barrel. and we

might IS well recognize the truth of the situation. If the farmers growing flue cured tobacco fail to approve the acreage cut and control program by a two-thirds major-(Contlnued On Page 5>

In this fashion Crane conducts provocative discussions of such subjects as abortion. He asks biting questions of his guests at times, which to a street corner conversation might bring on a fist fi^t. Apparently they are told beforehand to expect this, however, and the guests more often than not merely smile and answer as best they can.

Occasionally such questions backfire on the master of ceremonies, however. Tliere was the guest who made the statement, Man is an incomplete woman.

He sounds like he went up in the attic when he was a boy and put on his mothers dress and got spanked for it, Crane said.

ALVIN

TAYLOR

But the difference between you and me is, I took it off, the guest came back.

Hiien to Interviewing Carol Baker the other night, Crane asked her about sexy male leads. Carols pointed out she had made a movie with Bob Mitchum and he considered him sexy.

You think Bob still sexy? said Crane.

' Oh yes, was the emphatic reply.

Hes getting a Uttle big around the middle. said Crane.

Oh. Is he? asked the sexy Miss Baker.

Score one for Mitchuxn.

At any rate it is such patter that makes the Les Grant Show interesting. In watching it you might resent his prying, but all-in-all the show does add something to the late evening television hours.

Airing

Their

!Heas

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN Copyright. 1964, King Features Byndicate. Inc.

The other night I sat to with an earnest group of businessmen, representatives of a big national corporation with many branch plants, and some pros who represented at least a couple of shades of the losing cause on November 8. Tbe businessmen were puzzled. They were conservatives first and RepubUcans second, and not one of them regarded himself as an extremist. They wanted to know what they could do to advance their philosophy. preferably through the Reputdloan Party. So they grilled the pros, snd some of the answers they got were disconcerting.

One^the pros, who had been for Goldwater on a quaU-fied basis (he thought the acceptance speech at San Francisco should have held out in

lOM

CBAMBEBIJUR

oUve branch for the Scranton-ites), gave the businessmen t sharp rundown <m the difference between Democratic and Republican problems of organization. The Democrats, he said, depend <m organized labor for continuous help, and they can get the support they need frran workers who go on living to the same community^ year after year. This enables the Democrats to dig to at the precinct level. Their men are trained, they can count on steady advancement to the organization, and they are subject to the discipltoc of good soldiers.

The businessmen, so the pro said, used to have the same sort of solid relationship to the Republican Party that labor now has with the Democrats. They took an interest in the local community, they could be counted on for financial support, and they supplied the party with workers who were will-tag to do the menial jobs of bell ringing, telephoning and the dissemination of literature. But, said the pro, all this was some time ago. Business, he told the executives in a sentence that struck home, Is now organized on a national basis. The average junior executive who might be expected to do party work in behalf of. a conservative phosoitoy now seldom stays more than a few years In one place. He will be In Ohio during one elec t i o a year, in New Jersey the next time around, and In North Carolina after that. He wont be able to dig to at any precinct level forming enduring tlea with people who stay put year after year to the same community.

The pro, who is himself a small businessman when he is not running for political office, pointed to the particular medium-sized city he knows best. Westingheuse and General Electric men come and go to that city, usually Uvlng well outside it to a suburban area. The favored few eventually \(^d up In far-off Pittsburgh or Schenectady. Others find a final haven to PWladelphia or Lsmn, Mass. But in no case do they have a real opportunity to bccMne effective in the older traditions of politics.

The pro was willing to admit that his party had been Just as remiss as the businessmen In meeting the challenge of the new day. It Is ridiculous. he said, to expect busy Junior executives to get out and ring doorbeUs. He thought there should be some way of giving irty advancement to attractive potential candidates wittiout asking that they do their share of the menial labor of poUtics, He proposed, some-(Continued On Page 5)

British Pound Crisis And YO

Strength For Today

By EARL L. D0UGLA8B that HEALING MINISTRY Some years ago a Christian missionary was teaching a little group of Moslems and dwelling upon the fact that Christ performed miracles of healing. He was taterrupted to tbe midst of his discourse by a man who nutintatoed that Jesus bad already been to that village and performed theee very miracles. "Just two years ago he was here. declared tbe man. He made the blind to see. the deaf to hear, and tbe lame to walk. At the close of tiit service the missionary toqoirtd a little further of the mao and found be was referring to a missionary doctor who had passed through that section of Uis country. To bis amsse-

I

ment the missionary discovered that it was his own brother to whom the Moslem referred. Uls ministry to the sick snd ailtog to that benighted section of the world had been so Christ-llke that when the missionary presented the Christ of the New Testament the Ignorant people felt thst he must be talking about the doctor who had helped them so much. The good Physician of the Bible and the good physician of tbelr own expe^ lencc seemed so alike that they mistook one for tbe other.

Tiue relMion csnnot be concealed. Jesua bealed and comforted, ab<1 ^ commands us to do likewise. The cultivation of the Christian experience is a contiMial procssR

By ELMER R0ES5NER Here is a stonpUfied explanation of what has happened to the British pound and how it wiU affect you.

Britain has been spending nxnre money outside of the country than it has been getting back to tbe sale of experts. Tbis has left it short

1?e*government had two chc^oea: It could devalue tbe pound to terms of other currencies. tbst is to cut its value from the present $2J0 a pound to $2.50 or less; or it could take steps to make the pound more desirable. Ik elected the second course.

First, it increased aH duties by 15 per cent. Tbis discouraged Britons from buyto* eign goods, thereby keep 1 n g pounds at home. However, this can have only temporary effects, since other nations win eventually retsUste by raising duties, maktog it more difficult for British exporters to make sales abroad, thereby brtofftoi money into tbe country.

LAW or iUPPLV AND tVtMAND REPEALED

Bfctmd. tbe Briklsb tocreaa-fdthi rato at'which ba^ can borrow money from to 7 per dgnt. This has a douWe purpoee: Btoee it tends to^ crease all interest rates, it will

I

make it profitable to transfer funds from other countries to Britain; it makes it profitable for Britons to invest their money at hmne rather thM seek bargains abroad. Thia itep, too. W1 have repercussions since it will discourage business from expansion at home because money to finance expansion will cost more; and it will discourage Instalment sales at home because Interest costs must go up.

Third, it succeeded to getting 11 Western nations to put up $3 billion to support the pound. This will be done by buying up pounds when the price dips oD world markets. ParadoxlcsUy. the existence of the fund Slone win prevent the pound from ialUng. since world traders now know that they can always get close to $2A0 for every pound.

When the bank rate was raised to 7 per cent, it might have tempted American investors to move funds to London to get higher interest' rates. To prevent this, the Federal Reserve increased its rediscount rate tbe rate at which banks can borrew money from it - from 3ti to 4 per cent.

R was not necessary to meet the 7 per cent. The costs aad taxes on investing abroad 4 psr cent an adequate

barrier.

HOW AMERICANS PAY

This increase to the rediscount rate means that, todl-recUy, every American will pay to keep tbe pound steady. When tbe rediscount rate rises. aU other interest rates tend to go up.

Stoce banks pay more for the money they borrow, they

On the other hand, interest rates psdd savers will tend to go up. Some banks have already increased rates on da-posite; savings and loan as8(h ciaUOns are expected to fair low. States and subdivlslODa borrowing money will eveotu-*Tty have to increase rates to attract money and tbe federal government may have to increase tbe interest it paya. And in the end. every taxpayer and every consumer will have to pay part of the cost of rescuing tbe pound.

BOSS8NBE

will have to charge more tor the money they lend. Oomptr nles idaxung expansimi will have to pay higher rates, or postpone expansion. Peop 1 e buytog houses wUl have to pay blgher rates on new mortag-es, unless tbe goveinmeht comes to their aid. Ptopie bor-rowtog money for travel or Christmas will sooa be aiked to pay higher rates. And mer-chsats and auto dealwri bo^ rowing money to finance instalment purcbasee wUl have to pay higtier rates, ind win then pass them on to consuno-

GGVERNMENT TELLS HOW TO SHOP FOR A TREE The Department of Agrioul-turq has tbis advice for buy-ars of Christmas trees:

Run fingers through needles to mike sure they feel fresh. Shake the tree to see if needles drop off. If it passes both tests, tap it on the ground to make sure it still holds its needles. If needles are turning brown, the tree will be a fir# hazard.

If a tree is to stand to a corner, save money by bujrtoi a tree marked down becauss one aide is thin.

When you get your tree tui^ sled home (USDAs words), store in a cool, shady placo wlti) butt to water and sprin-Ids branebos and foliage daily.