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Thurtday, October 22, 1964

The Need Is Evident To Leadership

The need for a state bond issue to provide bond issue for school construction being subml^d tdditional funds for school construction is amply to the voters of the state. Thus, lished that svident to top officials and poliUcal leaders of the bond issue has the approval of the vast roajon^ North Carolina. The result of the referendum to of those who served in the most recent session of

>e held in connection with the general election will the legislature. that ths

Mil whether the need is equally evident to rank In recent months it has been evident that the Slid file cItLens acro^ the sUte. school bond issue has the support of the present

By a large majoritv vote, members of the 1968 state adminw^tion, and it likewise has the uPPort

Jeneral Assembly gave approval to the IOO million of^he^ rare* A^ng KtVsVa'

grs there are few, if any, dissenting voices when it comes to the matter of the $100 million bond issue for school construction.

First and foremost, we attribute this unified mpport of the proposed bond issue to the fact that these leaders recognize the need for additional school construction if North CnroIlnai public schools are to meet the demands being made upon them. Another key factor, of course, is that the bond issue will not mean additional taxes on the people of the state. The bond issue can be retired by revenues from the existing tax structure without a rate increase.

There is a great deal of difference of opinion among North Carolina voters on other issues which will be decided in the election of Nov. 8. But on this question of whether to issue $100 million in bonds for new school construction, we trust the unity of opinion among candidates and political leaders of both parties will be reflected by the overwhelming endorsement of the bond issue by voters of the state.

One More Chance For The Voter To Register

There are gtill a large number of people in Pitt ,County who are not eligible to vote in the Nov. 3 general election simply because they havent taken time to get their names on the registration books of the precinct in which they live.

These citizens have one last chance to register before the election. That is this coming Saturday when the poll books will be open at the 25 polling places of the county on the last day of the registration period.

This is an important election year, not just for North Carolina, but for the nation. It is sufficiently important to attract not only the attention of every citizen, but likewise the participation of every adult citizen by casting a ballot on election day.

When election day rolls around, there will be iome people In Pitt who will say, I wish I could vote, but Im not registered.**

Make sure you are not in this group by taking a few minutes Saturday to register in the precinct in which you live.

!?rovec.

'My Stout Blades From The Grass Roots WI Rip You Limb From Limbl"

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

CLAMOR It was the morning that the Neuse river returned to Its banks for the first time since record breaking floods spilled oven lowlands of the broad, rich toi-cultural basin 17 days earlier.

At Kinston and Goldsboro and a donen smaller communities along the Neuse and its tributary strearos. homoown-ers and tenants were comlnf back to their ruined, water-soaked residences to salvage what they could and count their loss.

In the muddy fields, farmers were surveylnt tbelr drowned and destroyed cropf-of c<mi. cott<m and soybeans.

It was a cool, cloudy morning and In Raleigh It wm raining again.

Inside an auditorium, just crff capitel square, municipal and state govemmmt ^eials were meeting. Thsrs were members of Congrsis, flood control and weather bureau of. flcials, disaster workers, farmers, businessmen and private

WILLIAM

SHIRES

dtlzena in ths audience, and there was a clamor for ac-ttcm.

ACTION "R hu been too long- R is well past time that we started prcventlnf floods. asid Dr. D. J. Rost of Goldsboro. chairman of the Neuse River Watersbsd Authority.

faking for Ute olty of KinstoD. engineer J. K. Blue pledged to join in whatever needs to be dons."

Well do our part and more. Blue said. Ws mean business.

State Sen. Adam J. WhlUey of Smithfisld said weve moved awfully slow on pmtrams to hameee and develop the NeuH. We've dallied long enough.'*

The atatei director ot Water Resources. Walter Fuller, observed that too often we allow emsrgenoies auch as this to happen before we take any interest.

PLANS The district engineer of tbs U. 8. Army Con of Elnglneers at Wilmington, Ool. J. S. Orygiel. pointed to a pie-shaped section of map. its tip at Roanoks, Va.. and its edgas ths valleys of t h Hoznoke and the Cape Pear livers running to the sea.

Within this area, in the watersheds of the Caps Fear, the Reuse and the Tar. he said, we are some eiglZ to 10 years behind with our plans snd the projects which will halt these ravages.

The New Hope dam. key project for proposed flo(^d control on the Cape Fear, is in design stage but stUl is four years from compU^on. hs said.

There are other ptens and projeete badly needed, not ^ jy for flood control but for other impoiteat reasona, Orygiol said. But hs suggested a grassroots. non-poUUcal orgsni

tlon **to call attention to the needs and to generate and push scti(m.

The Army Corps of Engineers. he said, is not In the business of selling projects to the people. Demand for needed projects, be said, must some from the people, through administrative departments and through Congressional au-tborlsetion.

PROJECTB Orygiel pointed to such projects as dams ( the Neuse at Falls of Neuse and WUsoos Mills, dams at Howards MiU tad lUndlt-man on ths Dsep, dams on the Haw River, a esiiea of six dams QD CoQtennea Cresk and studies and projscts along the Tar.

They are needed now. hi aald. for aouroea of municipal water luppUet for many of North Carolinas rapldly-grmr> tng towns and dtiea.

SUPPLY - Low water causes severs problems too. Ory^l emphaalasd.

A dry year would place Goldsboro in a really tough situation in regard to water supply, he said, he proposed dam at Wilsona Mills win be the answer for Goldsboro.

The Falls dam would supply water needs lor the city of Raleigh for tbs next 100 yeara at half the eost of the citys present water supply proje<^. Durham, be said, is in good shape lor 50 to 60 3rears but eventually will need more water,

Greenville, on the Tar, Is not sure whether It can wait for Tar River develop, ment before developing additional water supply. Rocky Moimt knows it cannot wait and is going ahead at considerable cost.

In addition, pngwr development of the rivers is needed for industrial uae. pollution control and recreation, Gry giel said. The projects a necessary if N(lh Carolina to devekg) like it should.'

SUGGEST ^ Grygiel threw out a suggestion, ualnf the (moe unruly Roenoke River as an example. He pointed to the work of the Roanoke River Basin Development Associap ti(xi which brought about the harnessing of the Roancrfce in about a decade and a half-He suggested something of this type organization for the Neuse and Tar basins. Such organizations are important to the woik of the engineers, he aid.

Dr. Rose and other speakers traced concern and interest In Nouae and Tar basin development programs during the past ao to 15 years, but c(ceded that there had been no CQDcerted, sustained effort.

The time la here, now, Dr. Rote said. He contended that North Carolina peys more federtl taxes than any three other atetes in the South and that the taxes of *one single North Carolina industry (Reynolds Tobeooo Co.) pays the bill for harnessing tbs entire Columbia river basin.

It is time to ask and demand without wlogy, Dr. Rose said.

And he predicted that if the necessary and desirable projects arc planned, studied, approved and completed, T h e whole state will become a water wonderland.

By ART BUCHWALD

The Loser Is A Winner

Hoover

TV T T

-.No ..nnovator

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - The greatest tingle difference between President Herbert Hoover, who died Tuesday, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt wag perhaps this: Hoover was more rigid. R showed in the way they fought the depression.

Neither the self-made Hoover nor the bom-rich RooMvelt seemed to have a clearly thought out philosophy of government and its responsibilities. Neither man was an intellectual.

The long tradition of rugged individualism and a minimum of government interference in the lives of Americans reached its peak in the latter part

JAMES

The Daily Reflector

WOOWORATED

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ASSOCIATED PBBM nie Aseeeteted Frees is exclusively entitled to use lor putei cnttoos all otwa dimatehwa credited lo N or not

credited lo this paper and also the leeal herein. AH lights of publica tjon* of ifMdal are eise reeerwid

aiember Audit Bureau of OlrcmaOon.

AH adveitlsliw copy must be received at teate eM dap

publication date-

MARLOW

of the 19th century and the early part of the aoth.

These were the years when Hoover and Roosevelt were growing up and maturing. Both men were heirs of this tradition. But while Hoover sought to cling to it, Roosevelt was wiUinff lo abandon it. That made aU the differences.

Yet, by the time Roosevelt defeated him in the 1932 election, Hoover had gone further in ualng government resources to fight the nations economic collapse that any depression president in history.

The steps he took paved the way for the New Deal. But they feU abort of being enough. He never truly had an antlde-presskm program. But neither did Rooeevelt before he t o o k offiee.

In the 1932 campaign Hoover Q>ent meet of his time de-fendng what he had or had not d<me, Rooaevelt made

propoaals, bobbed, weaved. vaclUated, reversed his ground and contradicted himself.

At timea he proposed going further than Hoover In coping with depression. At times he suggested doing less. This made it appear at times that he didnt understand the problem.

Hoover had been berated (or three years for not throwing more of the governments resources into the struggle to revitalise the economy, although under him the government went into debt trying to help out.

It seems ironic now, but the Democrats criticized him not because be had done too little but because he had done too much. Their main criticism and Roosevelt was the main spokesman was that Hoover was a profligate ?ender.

Roosevelt o(nplained that Hoover wanted too much control in Washington while at the same thne he himself was proposing policies that would put more control there.

Roosevelt propdsed increasing aid to the unemployed while wanting to out spending which he even promised to reduce 25 per cent. Yet, as it turned out, in his 12 years In office he never balanced the budget once.

Hoover, a kindly, friendly but aloof and undramatic man, seemed bleak compared with the ebullient Roosevelt who, despite his twists and turns, had a warm voice, an infectious grtn and a great sense te poUtioa.

He was aide, as Hoover never was. to ooovty a sense of hope to a country flat on its back. Hoover wu so tired and battered that by the cam-paigni end an aaaistant stayed ready to push a ehair under him if be ooUapaed whUe ^tesldng.

One historian. WiUlam E. Leuchtonburg, aays: "No president ever worked harder In the White House than Herbert Hoover but he wu never able (Continued on Page 5)

Not everyone wants to win an eleotlon. On a re(}ent lecture date in a Southern city we heard about a fellow named ZUoh. It seems that ZUoh wu a bom politician and bad run for every kind of office in the county for the past 26 years. Zilch wu always defeated, but this didnt bother him at ail.

The reascm wu that ZUoh wasnt interested in winning. He wu more interested in raising money for his campaign. Zilch might raise between five and ten thousand dollars to run for office. By being careful In his expenditures and making sure he didnt do ansrthing foolish, ZUoh managed to keep 90 per cent of the money for himself. This kept him going until the next election rolled around.

Zilch ran for sheriff, he ran for mayor, he ran for coroner.

and he ran for Congressman. There wu no office he would refuse to run for providing he raised enough money to support himself and get in some fishing cm the side.

Of course, some people who supported Zilch were discouraged by his lackluster c a m-paigns, and a few even complained that they would like to see a few more biUboarda with Zilchs name on them, but he would always retort he bad no funds for outdoor advertising and e didnt have money to throw around like hla opponent.

The truth of the matter wu that Zilchs opponents were usually his beat source of campaign funds.

They know he didnt have the wUl to win. and it wu easier to run agidnst Zilch than anybody else in the county.

Public Forum

To the Editor:

AU of the people of Greenville ud Pitt County recognise Urn Sheppard Memorial Library u one of the most vital Inatitutlons in this community, Many people have played prominent parts in its sixty year history.

Recently wo have lost two friondi who made significant ccmtributions to library development. 1 cannot let their pawUig bo recorded without acknowledging our debt to them.

Mrs. Elizabeth Pugh Carr was buried Saturday in our city. It was she who initiated the movement to obtain the library building which we have today. She alone is responsible for persuading Mr. Sheppard to dcmate sufficient funds for its construction and equipment. Her husband, Dr. R.L. Carr, served on the building committee and together they saw the project through to a successful conclusion. The citizens of this community continue to enJoy the fruits of their wortt. But for Mrs. Carr, Greenville would not have the

beautiful library it enjoys. It was an outright gift and stands a memorial not only to the Sheppard Family but also to a remarkable lady who bad faith in our future.

A few weeks ago, we learned of the passing of Mr. Leslie N. Boney, Wilmington architect, who designed and supervised the construction of the Sheppard Memorial Library building. Mr. Boney was proud of this building and remained interested in it throughout his life. He w a s never too busy to discuss building problems with t h Board of Trustees. As late as Juno of this year, he devoted several hours te his time in advising the UMhulan on building expansion.

We are grateful tw the lives of both these people. They have given us a heritage not enjoyed by many cities. It is appiwlate that we recognise their gifts.

Sincerely yours, Elizabeth H. Copeland, Librarian

Sheppard Memorial Library

By contributing to Zilchs campaign they were assured of winning an election.

But there happened to be a group of businessmen In the town who were pretty sore at ZUoh. They had aU contributed at one time or another to ZUoha election camoalgus and felt they had not been given value for their mwiey.

So they decided to do something about it. This year ZUoh was running for president of the city council. His opponent, a lawyer, had contributed heavily to 2Uloha campaign, knowing Zilch had no intention of winning. In no time at aU Zilch had a campaign kitty of $12,000 and he was planning on taking a trip to Europe as soon as he lost and the election was over.

But he hadnt reckoned with the disgruntled buslnessm e n in his town. They came up with a plan. They got together a secret fund and, without Mchs taiowledgc or permission, they started plastering ZUch for Councilman bUl-boards all over town, They distributed thousands of bumper stickers with Zilchs name on them. Schoolchildren were given Zilch buttons, the local radio stations turned out ZUch commercials.

ZUch was panic-stricken. His opponents felt he had dou-bled-crossed them and they were furious. Zilch tried to explain he had nothing to do with the campaign and he hadnt spent a dime on himself. The crowning blow came when a postcard was set out showing Zilch shaking hands with Pres-dent Johnson (faked, of course, by ZUchs secret backers).

In a special election and despite his im)tests that he didnt want the office and had never met Johnson, ZUch w(m by a landslide.

ZUch is now the unhapplest man in town, not only because he has to work In an elected (^ce, but because he knows his opponents wiU never contribute to another Zilch campaign. Why should they when ZUoh can never be trusted again?

Deliver

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1964, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

When Georgl Malenkov, during his short apen as the Soviet Unions helmsman beck in 1^, tried to {K'omote a consumer-first economy, be quickly found himself demoted to running an eleotrioal plant in Siberia. Now. eleven yeara later, Nikita Khrushchev, the friend on whom the entire cm)itallst West was gambling, is tossed out of office as a harebrained schemer Just a few weeks after he had order-^ hts eoonomiets to draw up new plans to satisfy the growing material and spiritual needs te the people.

So. ironicaUy, we have Khrushchev dismissed alter his decision to mractioe Mal-enkovlsm. tt does not neoe> sarily foUow that this was the reason for the dismissal: no doubt the new rulers of Rua* sia, Leonid Bredinev and Ale> xei Kotygln, would also Uke te see the Russian ewsunaer satp Isfied. But the real qutetlon ia Soviet Russia is whether any^ body can dare raise the e pectations of the people witly out getting himself into the sort of trouble that leads to harebrained schemes.

The stark truth ot the matter is that the Soviet economy cant In the very nature of things do much for the oon-sumer. Central planning of an econ(nlc system Just doetnt produce plenty. This may bo disputed by the eooiaUste . among us. But even without getting into any arguments about central planning, one can prove the point about the Soviet economys deficiency by looking at news items that art several years apart.

For example, Khrushchev promised in 1957 that by 1960 the Russian people would bo eating as much beef as the Americans. But in 1964 tho Soviets are hardly getting any meat at aU. Because of the failure of the grain harvest of 1963. the elaughter of cattle was terrific. To make up fw the meat shortage, the Russians have been bu^g almost three million dollars worth of cattle this year from nearby Turkey. The fact that this cant be anywhere near enough to satisfy the Russian market is proved by a comparison between consumer prices in Moscow and the Turkish capital of Ankara. It costa three times as much to eat meat in Russia as it does in Turkey.

The consumer, in Russia, has been consistently bilked. Butter prices have risen. AH the amelioration schemes promoted by Khrushchev have had hard going. A plan to irrigate the Crimean steppee with water from the Dnieper River to raise rice is evidently coming to little; newspapers in the Ukraine have been complaining that the Irrigation channel construction men are not hurrying. The wheat harvests in the Ukraine and the Don regions art supposed to be good this year, but in the AsiaUc grain areas on which Khrushchev had banked so much there have been severe August ndns. Pravda, the official Communist Party newspaper, has complained about the lag ia the grain storage building program.

Against this background oC agricultural crisis, Khru e b-chevs promises to the consumer must have appeared te be tremendously unwttling to the members of the Oomni* unlst Party Central Oonunlt-tee. In recent months the very foundations of a socialist economy have been seriously questioned in Russian publicar tions. Writing in Pravda. Yev-sey Llberman, a Kharkov University professor, caUed for the introduction of profit incentives into the Soviet system. This was In August, when Khrushchev was still on top of things. A month later, in Pravda. economist Lev Leontiev asked if good management of industry could be reconciled with central planning.

All of this must have oaus-(Contimied on Pagt I)

Retailing Patterns In Turmoil

Strength For Today

By EARL L- DOUGLASS

all the world

Sotne time ago a tribe was discovered in Africa which knew nothing about the principle of the wheel. When we re-caU that mankind probably discovered the use of the wheel imillons of years ago we can see bow retarded this African tribe must be.

Because our sge is brilliant ha achievement we get the idea that the whole world is about equal in culture and achievement to our North American civiUzaticxi. Not h i n g could be farther from the truth. There are aeotions of the world where men are living not only In past centuries but in past miUenla. Peoide who cannot read or write are usually regarded as shockingly backward in dewlcHxnent. There are areas in the world where human beings are not

only illiterate hut ao completely ignorant and degraded thal the average man and woman in a civilized country can scarcely comiHwhend their condition.

The help of privileged na-tl(xi8 must go out to unprivileged nations. Our techniques must be spread to the ends ol the earth. Our religion and cul- ^ ture must be put before all peoplasfor their acceptance or rejeoffio. The fiee natkMn of the world think too selfishly of their privilegea. This gives the conununlatto He a chance to to forth and make vlctlint of (Usoontented and Ignorant people.

All US oomee down to 3^ and me. The humblest of ua bear responsibility and have serious duties to perform. We have an important part to play in human regeneratioo Mte advanoemeaL

By ELMER ROESSNEB Retailing, as it has been alnce the end of the war. ia in a state of turmoil. Patterna. if there ever were patterna, are changing rapidly. The p r e s-sures are Increastag, especially from the government which, with one hand encourages the creatl(m of independent businesses and with the other aqueeaes them with an affeo-iXon that can only be fatal.

These are the most signlii-oant changes going on today:

1. Small businesses are being hard put (to put it mildly) by the competitioo of ohains. Poppa and mama grocery stores are closing daily because they cant meet supermarket poinpetition; eleaning ectabllah-mente are losing out to the chains; family bakeries cant meet blg-ttane competition. LESS INDEPENDENCE t. Mergers are the order of the day. Big chains are uniting with bigger chains. Smaller stores are seUing out to larger atores and chains -> or closing down.

3. Area redevel<q;>ment la crushing thousands of small businesaea. Renewal projects giva nothing for good will, and HtUe people who have spent

decades estabUshlng thamaelv-ea in friendly neighborhoods are finding themselvas out of business, with no place to re-establlsb themselves. To get store apaoe in'the iwdevel(g>ed areas means a wait of about two years, and many more thousands of dollars than they can Invest.

4. competition is intensifying among the big chains. Several have gone broke recently, notably those in the discount field.

5. Mergers are Increasing, too, among the bigger organl-aatlons. Chains are added to chaina. Customers are sold, like chattel, by one outfit to an(Rber. Soon, some fear, there wUl be fldoiy two supermarket chains, only two department tore chains.

STUDY PINPOINTS TREND A recent study by Audits A Surveys Co. illuminates the trend. It shows that the number of retail eeiabllshments of all kinds in the United States this year ia slightly less than the number a year ago. despite the increaee in population. Last year there was one store for every 104 persons; now there is only 102.

The uumber of estabUahr

mente declined while the total spending as well as the population increased, Solcnnoa Dutka, Audita A Surveys prea-ident, pointed out.

The study showed that food atores no longer constitute the nations largest retail category, perhaps for the first time in history. In the past 12 months. 6,000 food stores closed.

Meanwhile, eatlnf and drinking plaoee reversed a two-year downtrend and Inoreaaed al-most 5,000, topping food stores. The automotive group codtlnu-ed to gain 1 per cent, with sep-vice stations increasing 2 per cent. The number of drugetoree and general merchandise stores was fairly constant, at though in the latter group dis count stores increased 5.5 per cent to 5.510. Other major categories altewed only small changes.

This census graphically shows the trend to fewer but larger stores, Dutka said. Department and discount storee ere inoreasinff, while WPvnH hope, shoe etorea and furniture outlets, for Instance, ara shrinking.

SEPTEMBER. RETAIL SALES FALL BELOW AUGUSI

Deapto oprimlam here and in ahopping centers, retail sales in September, after adjustment for tradinf day dif-ferenoee and seaaonal factors, were 1 par cent under those for Aufuet. the Department of Gommerot reporta. However, aalei were 8 per oent above September. 1963.

Durable goods sales notably autoa Increased over August but sales of nondurablea were off.

COGENT OBSERVATION

BY VS, STEEL CHIEF Remember that ment, however necessary, has nothing to give except that wtoh is first taken away that, bluntly, the pcUtloal giveaway Is fit a political telm-away, Rob^ O. Tyson, chairman U.S. Steel finance committee.