Monday, August 3, 1964

Expansion Plan Is Good News

Black Tongue-Lash

Announced plans for expansion of the Collins Aikman textile plant in Farmville is good news for Farmville and for all of Pitt County.

It is another example pf the kind of economic progress that can be made by the communities of this county when they put forth the tremendous effort necessary to attract, and then fully support, top-flight industrial firms.

It was just last October that the new Collins and Aikman plant in Farmville began its operations

Welfare Storm

Has Built Ud

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES STORM A storm of unusual controversy over public welfare and its local support had been building ominously for years in tourist - rich but tax-poor Swain County.

Finally a few weeks ago it broke loudly and furiously over the battlements of this ruggedly - beautiful mountain county and set off reverbera-ti<si6 wliich reached Raleigh and Washington.

Now it is an Impasse headed for the state supreme court and perhaps beyond as a perplexing legal question and one Involving broad principles of local government responsibility and taxing powers.

It may be destined to become a test case, possibly a landmark decision arising from a uniquely suited sociologi c a 1 setting with roots going back to the settling of America.

WILLIAM

SHIRES

ISSUE - At issue is whether mountain hemmed Swain County, relatively poor in taxable wealth and feeling its e 1 f encroached upon, must continue to levy local taxes to support welfare programs and other services on federally owned and non - taxabale lands and for a people wtu) are exemptr ed from paying taxes.

In Swains case, the issue involved approximately 2,800 Cherokee Indians living on a federal reservation of 56,000 acres in the shadow of the Great Smokies.

The remainder of the county is more than half taken over by the Great Smoky Mountain National park, inundated by TVAs Fontana Lake and embraced by natimial forest land. Its taxable land supports fewer than 10,000 citizens.

There is little industry in Bwain. Its mining was shut down by TVA flooding and its lumbering halted by federal purchase. Now more than

three - fourths of Swains land Ls in paik, lake and forest and non-taxable as weU as n o n-commercial. There is only subsistence farming.

TOURIST Swain, however, is probably the most-visited county in North Carolina. Nearly a million tourists a year visit the &noky Mountains Na-ti(Hial park and the Indian town of Chenricee, and motor along the Blue Ridge parkway on its eastern ramparts.

And nearly one million dollars a year is spent by tourists in Cherokee alone.

Swains chief industry and revenue-producer then is the tourist industry. Its wealth primarily Is derived from catering to the tourist trade.

A great deal of this, however, goes into the non - taxable pockets of the Indians. Here Is the crux of the issue. The Cherokee, in recent years, have become more self-sustaining and independent swne

of them wealthy and yet they pay no taxes.

MATTERS Swain County commission e r s percipitated matters in the dispute by refusing to adopt a 1964-65 welfare budget including support for the Indian programs which make up about 20 per cent of the county's welfare caseload.

In effect, they t0(k the position that the Indians are wards of the federal government and since they are exempt from personal and property taxes, the county has no responsibility to support these programs. They went further and asked the Cherokee Tribal Council to contribute $3,000 or face loss of county health services on the reservation.

AMOUNT The amount of mwiey involved In the welfare budget is relatively small. Swain Countys total share spent last year on the Indian reservation was only $10,894.24, but the county cwnmissioners feel the principle is far-reaching.

Officials in Raleigh and Washington agree. In Raleigh, state welfare officials pointed to an explicit state law which requires counties to levy taxes sufficient to support welfare programs on a matching basis and on a uniform statewide basis.

This law, they said, provides for no exceptions. But Swain was determined to make an exception, and did so. As a result, the state refused to release some $25,000 in state federal funds for Swains welfare recipients until ordered to do so by Superior Court judge W. K. McLean. Prom Washington came rumblings that unless the matter was resolved promptly and satisfactorily, the entire states share of federal welfare aid might be held up.

RESOLUTE - Swain County remained resolute. Down In the narrow valleys and coves of the Tuckaseigee. the Nanta-hala and the little Tennessee rivers the question was clear.

R was. in the minds of the fiercely - independent mountaineers, simply whether the taxpaying citizenry of S w a i n must CMitrlbute to welfare pro- I grams and other services for people who pay no taxes and whose lands and property, including shiny Cadillacs, are tax exempt. They pointed to the vast amounts of land taken by the federal government in Swain, from the crest of the Balsams and the peaks and slopes oi the Smokies, to the tracts of Nantahala National forests and the waves of Fontana lake loss of the lumbering and copper mining industries. The county is diwn to an $8.5 million taxable valua-ti(Hl.

Furthermore, the federal governments care of the Cherokee as wards has gradually decreased. In years past, there were free boarding services for Cherokees at reserva-tiwi schools, free hospital services for Indians yet gradually federal services have been withdrawn and functions transferred to state and local governments.

INDIANS Swains Indian people are the members of the proud Eastern Band of Cherokees. They have lived on fed-tContinued On Page 5)

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warping and knitting unfinished tricot." The new expansion Will include dyeing and finishing operations at the Farmville plant.

Although the details on the expansion program have not been revealed, it is reasonable to assume that the additional operations at the Farmville plant will require additional employees, thus pushing employment at the plant well above the present level of approximately 200. With the additional jobs will come additional payrolls, and with the additional operations added value of the products manufactured in Pitt County.

Farmville in recent years has done an excellent job of developing its economy through other means. Citizens of the community have cooperated fully in the development effort, as has the municipal government in providing water, sewer and other facilities that have been necessary to meet the needs of the new plant.

- We commend Collins and Aikman on its decision to expand its Farmville operations, and we commend the citizens of Farmville who have worked diligently not only to attract industry, but to create the atmosphere in which industries in the community find it advantageous to expand operations.

Man In Second Place

Will Carry LBJ Brand

By eliminating from vice presidential consideration all members of his cabinet and those who meet regularly with it, President Johnson has narrowed considerably the Democratic partys choice for the second spot on the national ticket.

It is normal procedure for the presidential nominee to choose his running mate. It is unusual, however, for the man who is certain to be nominated to narrow the field by public statement before his nomination becomes official.

President Johnsons statement shifts the field of speculation on his choice of a running mate from the executive branch of the government. More than that, the fact that cabinet members have been eliminated strongly suggests the desire of President Johnson to distinguish his own adminLstration from that of the late President Kennedy.

Tlie men who serve in the cabinet, and particularly those most often mentioned as vice presidential possibilities, were appointed to their posts by the late president. By eliminating them from consideration for the second spot on the national ticket. President Johnson more clearly defines the fact that the transition has been made from the Kennedy leadership of the Democratic party to the Johnson leadership of the party.

Speculation on Johnsons choice of a running mate must now^ focus on members of Congress and the list of Democratic governors. On the basis of the Presidents background and his previous experi-esnce in government, it is natural to assume he will lean more to the legislative branch of government than to top state officials in choosing his running mate.

It is evident that the man chosen by President Johnson for the second place on the Democratic ticket will clearly carry the LBJ brand, and the LBJ brand alone.

She (ConrUr-JonrnaW

By ART BUCHWALD

Psychological Warfare

Nobody likes to talk about it, but there is a great deal of stress during a Presidential election on psychological political warfare.

Both sides are great at spreading rumors about the enemy and using any possible tactic to destroy the other.

now spends his spare time driving around Washington, ton, cutting off people, honking his horn at them, and stealing their parking places. He does this in a car that has Goldwater for Presi dent stickers all over it.

We have a friend, a staunch Democrat, who, every Presidential election year, claims he wins hundreds of votes for his side by a very simple maneuver. "Everytime I take a taxi I tip the driver five cents and say, 'Vote Republican! Another Democratic friend

I dwit know if Im accomplishing much now, he told us, but I think Ill pick up most of my votes in late October when I accidentally stall on the 14th ^reet bridge.

A Republican friend has a gimmick that he says works miracles. He picks peoples names out of the phone book

ART

BUCHWALD

inings Jrouna

Other Editors Saying... lere Is The Need

..n The Mails

By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK (AP) Things a columnist might never know if he didnt open his mail:

It cost Columbus $7,000 to discover America. The big question now is was it a good investment?

A century ago anybody over 50 was considered old. But most of todays oldsters dont feel old. A Harvard study of 200 people over 65 found that only 21 per cent of the men and 20 per cent of the women thought of themselves as elderly.

To get rich all you need is to discover a way to profitably mine the mineral wealth in the sea. The oceans of the world contain some six million tons of gold.

Quotable notables: Self-pity is our worst enemy, and if we yield to it we can never do anything wise in the .world Helen Keller.

It would take the light of 80,000 large fireflies to equal the heat given off by one anall candle.

In Australia, when you order fish and rhlps, the chances are youU get shark meat. Sharks are quite a delicacy in the land Down Under.

HAL

BOYLE

It has been estimated that 64 per cent of the worlds great achievements were accomplished by people over 60 years of age.

A quarter of a century ago it cost passengers $200 for $10,000 insurance one way for the first transatlantic ' flight aboard Pan Americans pioneering Dixie Clipper. Today for $12 you can get a $300.000 policy, round trip.

If you used as much water as the average plant does, in proportion to your weight, youd have to drink 10 quarts a day.

Ancient Jerusalem has become one of the most polyglot cities on earth. Inhabitants from 70 different nations now live in its new section.

Joke of the week: Catholic Digest magazine tells of the proud father who c<Migratulat-ed his son on his 13th birthday and asked him how It felt to be a teen-ager. Its all right, I guess, the boy replied, except for the reputation. Norwegians are the worlds champion cheese consumers. They eat nearly 20 pounds a year each.

Folklore: If a girl sits on a table, she wont find a husband within the year. If a young lady hangs a cabbage stump over her door on Halloween, shell wed the first man who who enters.

It was Thomas Carlyle who observed, The courage we desire and prize is not the courage to die decently but to live manfully.

(The Durham Sun)

East Carolina College President Leo Jenkins, opening any closed eyes to the broad vision which he holds for that Institution and which the state may want to develop, points out that here are several avenues to greater service to that pcirtion of North Carolina. He laid some significant ideas before the Advisory Bud get Commissicm.

He suggested a regional planning center and a year-round college theater. He also proposed a two-year medical school.

Especially should the medical school prwosal appeal to North C!arolina. Prelimin a r y training for prospective d o c-tors assuredly would draw Into medicine some excell e n t material. The step, President Jenkins believes, would fill the tremendous need for rural doctors trat eastern North Carolina is going to have to have In the not to distant future.

Perhaps, coming from eastern North Carolina, some of the men who attained medical degrees might be Impelled or persuaded to serve in eastern North Carolina. In any event, additional reciniitment would be provided.

More and more doctors are needed over all of North Carolina. Indeed, the United States. A two-year East Car

olina medical school could prove one modest answer.

(The Birmingham (Ala.) News)

Dr. E. B. Norton of Florence State College remarks that education, content and process of getting it, involves civilizations, and our American, survival.

Oh, that. . . might be a response of many. Others would be interested but without really grasping what Dr. Norton means. He underscores it by saying that In the time a child proceeds today from the seventh grade through high school, mankinds knowledge of all kinds will be doubled. How can we keep up?

Only by doing a great deal more to put attention on education, and on what it means to each citizen. Precious few understand It. A diploma is not education, though it may be a symbol of some progress in it. Knowledge is not getting through school. Is there real respect for learning?

The vast majority of our people are far more preoccupied with matters which in a month or a year or so will amount to little or noth 1 n g. compared with haphazard attention to the fact, substance, and process of acquiring knowledge. Indeed, we sometimes think many distrust too much knowledge.

inei

West

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN '

Copyright, 1964. King Fratarei Syndicate. Ine.

When a person looks for a job In the West, it is undenla* bly helpful if he has good references. But he is not coi , pelled to testify against bbw- ' self when he is being Interview^ : ed by a perscxmel department. Preedwu to move from Job to Job. and to make the best showing (mo can in plBylng for work, is one of the accept ed rights ot man.

torn

CHAMBEBLAni

.and calls them up at midnight and says, Im a volunteer for Johnson. Would you have a few minutes to talk to me?

A Republican acquaintance claims Ite won many votes for Nixon in 1960 by scatter 1 n g Democratic campaign literature oh his neighbors lawns. He hopes to do it again for Goldwater this year.

A Democrat we know says

his mother, who has never been active in politics before, is so upset about Sen. Gold waters nomination that she is w'orking day and night for his defeat.

What does she do? we asked.

She walks around in old tennis shoes with a Goldwater button on her chest, insulting all the merchants in Georgetown.

Thats not bad. But what have you been doing?

Not much so far, he admitted. My only contributicm is that everytime I go to a party I put on a Goldwater button and start making passes at all the Independents wives.

My brother, on the other hand, has been doing very well getting hostesses to vote for Johnson.

How does he do that? Everytime he goes to a dinner party he announces loudly that hes for Goldwater and then spills wine on the hostesss new tablecloth.

He told us, It's going to be a very tough fight. We have a w'wnan neighbor, a Goldwater supporter, who calls up doctors and dentists and asks them if they have any new information of president Johnsons plan for socialized medicine.

One greeting card company Is now printing up a letter (m (Continued On Page 5)

Even In Soviet Russia tbt

government has been wary ol trying to turn mm Into lndua> trial serfs, anchored to latM or workbench as medieval peasants were to the solL Deq4ta the police registration and tha labor booklet that every Soviet woiker is (xmipelled to carry about, extreme job mobUi^ has been permitted under Communism. If a man is worried about revelatlOTs of poor performance written in his labor booklet, all he has to do is to lose it. The fine for such a loss has been a mere fiva kopecks. The woiker gets a new booklet, with no refcrrao-es to the things which he wishes forgotten.

What has been the result of easy labor turnover in Russia? The evidence Is accumulatinff that it is producing a state cd Inefficiency that goes far beyond the troubles which <^api-talist industrial establishmenta have with their working forces. The evidence is ordinarily expressed in an indirect way. For example, letters have been appearing in the columns of Izvestia commending the purity and holiness of labor and asking that the work biography of a man be regarded as a sacred document. There should, so some of the letter writers say, be duplicate copies of every workbook m file with personnel departments. Another writer asks that "poets. . . .write good verses about the work passport. Since the editors of Izvestia Invited correspcxid-ence about the workbook, the ' agitation has obviously had (4-ficial sanction, if not connivance.

To cap the agitation, MUdta Khrushchev has himself published in Pravda a proposed model of a new labor passport, designed to replace both the existing police registration forms and the old labor booklets. Khrushchev has called the old IxxAlets insufficiently complete. The new passport will, according to Khrushchev, reflect a persim's working life like a mirror, showing how he invests hto labor In the building of Communism. Presumably there would be kept on file in case a man hoped even under penalty to destroy his own background.

The reason why the purity and holiness of labor is being played up in the letter columns is that work, in the Soviet Uniwi today, is not regarded by most people as In the least bit sacred. Fedir S. Hayenko, a former Soviet industrial planner, has recently assembled startling evidence of vast labor migrations Inside Russia. Since workers, in Russia, are forbidden the right to strike, the only wesk pon of iMPtest that is available to a man Is to quit his job. Moreover, welfare rights ars gifts of the State, not gifts of any individual employer, so that one does not^nece.arily lose security by a lifetime of job-hopping.

Job-hopping Is stimulated by the fact that wages and working conditions are by no means uniform throughout the Soviet econwny. There was recent^ a mass exodus oi workers from.

(Continued on Pace II

August Business All Depends

Strength For To(day

By ELMER ROESSNER The August business climate will depend mostly on two factors, neither of which is predictable today. They are: Whether auto workers strike.

, . Whether race riots chum trouble.

By EARL L. DOUGLASS LIFE ALWAYS HAS A MYSTERY

In the famous Hymn of Love, found in chapter 13 of St. Pauls first epistle to tlie Corinthians, we encounter these words: When I was a child I spake as a child, I thought as a child, I understood as a child; but when I became a man 1 put away childish things. For now we see through a glass, darkly, but then face to face.

Have you ever stopped to ponder that statement, now we see through a glass, darkly? The marginal reading is now we see in a riddle. The picture is that of childhood looking at life, and although full of many questions nevertheless not regarding life as profound, incomprehensible, or complicated. But with those of

us who are adults the situation is different. We are not sure of ourselves. We have grave doubts as to-whether iu reality we know anything at all. The older we get the more do we see through a glass, darkly. This is not a pessimistic declaration. It Is simply a realistic facing of the fact that increased wisdom gives us a profoundly enlarged view of greatness of the universe, the overwhelming nature of some of its problems, and the complexity of everything we see, know, and hear.

Dont be discouraged if you see through a glass, darkly." Our forebears have been having that experience for untold generations. As we endure that situation, and strive to make it better, we are receiving the greatest training Cod can accord us.

ELMER

ROESSNER

The danger of an auto strike is most Important. If there is a strike, at least more than a passing walkout, the risks are grave. The United States is enjoying the grandest boom in history. But at this point, the boom rests on some trembly supports. It is a boom built on many shaky factors, the sturdiest of which is consumer confidence. In fact, some observers believe that consumer confidence is the glue that holds the bcipra together. ' ^

There is reason for this thinking. Since the end of World War n, there have been many times in which the stock market and other significant indexes pointed to trouble, If not recession. Each time consumer confidence in the future has helped pull business out of its slump.

STORM SIGNAI.S AHEAD Bu If an auto strike shakes consumer confidence in the future, if it convinces consumers that there are rough times ahead, there can be a cutback in consumer spending, with painful results to all business.

The possibility of racial troubles are almost as great a threat t o business. Riots In New York, and racist hoodlums roaming the subways, have already caused many people to cancel plans to visit the Worlds Pair.

Troubles in other areas can lead to similar consequences. The agitators know this and possibly may foment trouble Intended to deny merchants the benefits of tourist trade.

WHAT TO EXPECT OTHERWISE Assuming that auto negotiations proceed peacefully and that Negro rioting is lessened.

this is what we can expect in August:

The present boom In retail sales will continue, growing even better as the back-to-schobl period approaches.

Employment and unemployment will continue at close to present levels.

CcHUtruction will contkiue to rLse, partly because o the weather and partly because contracts have been swelling.

Housing starts will rise less than seasonally; in fact, the lush month of August may see some declines from the lush month of August, 1963. A number of areas in the country show signs of having been overbuilt. Note that sales of new houses In May. the latest month for which fugures are available, fell 12 per cent below sales in May, 1963, That Is a very significant figure.

Without a strike. August auto sales will show only a moderate increase and, in some models, a decrease. Consumer interest in the 1965 models is high, and many families will wait to see the complete new lines before making their de- cislons.

However, there will he shajp tucreaes in the IndaiUlee that

auto business feeds: manufacture, steel producUcm, transportatl(i. suppliers ot raw materials, etc.

Incidentally, August vacation spending will hit a new htgh; advance reservations assure it.

Total personal income win make its usual monthly rise.

OLD PROMOTER OFFERS WAY TO END COIN SHORTAGE The Old Pnxnoter walked in today with the smile of a m^n who has solved the problem of the coin sh(Htage sriilch, it turned out, he thinks he has.

tts simple, he said. AH we have to do is to borrow tha coins from Canada, he sai(L I There is no shortage there. 1 The Canadians will be glMl to ' lend them to us if we promlsa to pay back quarter for <]uar- ter, because Canadian money is worth a little less than U.S. money at the moment.

And if we cant get enough from Canada to keep American jukeboxes rolling, wo might borrow some English sixpence, shillings and crowns.

I told the Old One Id take It up with LBJ the next I MLW him.

time