\

Monday, Jone 29, 1964

And Now To Prepare For November

Mountam Mari Now The Rallyinig Point

^Democrats of North Carolina have spoken in a decisive and overwhelming voice their choice of Dan Moore as the next governor of North Carolina.

It now becomes the responsibility of all good' Democrats in this state to join in the . party effort to see that the gubernatorial nominee of the party overwhelms the Republican opposition in the November general elections.

Like most Democratic primaries for the top post.

in Nortl^Carolina, this campaign wa.s hard-fought; There isalways the danger that such campaigns

will leave splits that may jeopardize party unity for the fall general election. In the case of this primary,^ however, we do not fell that any split will result. Dan Moore received the majority of the Den^cratic votes in more than 90 of the states 100 counties.

New Research

Racility Aheac.

By WILI.IAM A. SHIRES '

FACTLITY Announcement Is expected soon probably within a few days ~ of a move to establish a new research facility right out of the pages of space age science fiction in the Research Triangle area.

It will be a multi-million dol-. lar plant sctence research center and one of the most advanced of its kind in the world.

. Implications of the impending announcement are enormous. All details are not yet available, but sources say confidently that it will be a major step toward revolutionlz i n g plant science and present day knowledge and methods of agriculture.

Of first Importance and urgency to North Carolina and the tobacco states and the far-. flung tobacco industry will be a the role of the facility in speed- Ing up and greatly simplify in g tobacco research.

TOBACCO When exUblish-' ed and In operation, such a fac-" Ulty will enable scientists to make their own seasons, to . grow crop after crop under atrictly controlled conditions,.

Every factor of plant nutri-; tlon, chemical make-up and ' . cmnpositlMi. light, tempera-' ture, humidity and growth may

* be controlled and analysis slm-N pUficd.

No more advanced plant scl-

* ence research facility will cx-; 1st anywhere in the world. In I fact, there are only half a doz-

* en or so such centers even ap-- preaching the one proposed for

* North Carolina in exlatence.

Sources say that If approved under proposals which have

* been presented the facility w'ould put North Carolina and

the South In the forefront of modern plant science research, both basic and applied.

; PLANS The research faci-. lity would be a Joint undertaking of North Carolina State and Duke University, financed by grants by federal agencies and a next egg" made

available two years ago by the ; Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation.

The facility and Its program are expected to be based on plans advanced when the Reynolds Foundation grant was made to North Carolina State for a projected completely cll-matlc-controUed plant growth facility.

However, U would be a much more advanced facility than first ccHitemplated, Includi n g equipment and plant laboratories and scientists themselves for much more exact and precise control of growth factors, Cmdltlons might be simulated for every type of soil, light, moisture, humidity, nutri e n t and temperature.

Research studies would apply not only to tobacco but all typ- es of plants and their growth, yield and disease factors.

FUNDS The foundation funds granted to North. Carolina State two years ago were not spent and were used a.s a basis for the proposals finally developed and submitted to federal agencies asking for additional support.

-Word was received last week

that tentative approval had been granted but formal, final approval was held up for further cnsideraticxi and details.

No specific amounts were disclosed, nor was the extent of approval for the programs presented. But those In charge of submitting the prOpo.sals were hopeful. Congressional approval was not required,

OIL One of the giants of the petroleum world. Humble Oil Co., has quietly established an office and small laboratory In Raleigh to gather information on geologic and geophysical explorations for oil along the Atlantic coast.

Humble itself Is not presently conducting in the area but two'other major oil companies arc In their second year of offshore test drilling.

Socony-Mobil holds a lease on exploration and seismic test rights In state-owned publ i c waters of Eastern North Carolina north of a line between New Bern and Beaufort, an area which takes in the Pamlico, Albemarle and Currituck Sounds and adjacent waters and extends to the three-mile limit beyond the uter Banks.

Shell Oil has a permit for offshore oil explorations along the continental shelf, outside the three mile limit, from near Hattera northward to New Jer-, sey.

REGULATIONS The coring and seismic testing being conducted in North Carol i n a coastal waters is under strict regulation, according to Dr. J. L. Stuckey, the state geologist.

The State Board of Conservation and Development adopted regulations in March. 1963. patterend after regulatlon.s in effect In Texas*and Louisiana where most of the present U. S. tidelands oil operaticms ar located. The regulations are administered by the C&D department through the division of Commercial - Fisheries arid through the State Wildlife Resources commission.

HISTORY - Dr. Stbckey points out that there is a 20 yeai- histoiT of oil explorations in the coastal area of North Carolina where more than 40 mainland test drillings h a v e been made.

No oil has bt'en discovered, but oil geologists are intrigued and continue to be extremely Interested because of the similarity In geol(^lc formations in coastal Noith Carolina and those along the Texas and Lou-siana coasts.

It looks like there ought to be oil there." says Dr. Stuckey, all the geologic factors are favorable." Some feel that the reason no oil has been found Is that explorations to date have been of a very Umited nature, This exploration and lnve.stI?atioa Is Increasing rap* idly. There Is renewed, interest. Dr. Stuckey sa.vs.N

In addition to the coring and seismic explorations, a great deal of information Is being gathered," he says. We have learned some very interesting things."

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In his statement of con^ratulationa to the winning candidate, Judge Preyer pledged his support of Moor in the November election and called oh his supporters in the primary to unite behind the party's choice for the fall campaign.

In spite of the wide margin of victory by Dan Moore, it would be a mistake to assume that the Democratic party will not face stiff Republican opposition this fall on both the state and the national tickets. If the Democratic party is to maintain the outstanding leadership it has given North Carolina over a long period of years, it must move into the fall campaign with unity behind the nomineeg of the party.

The family squabble between Democrats of the .state has ended with the victory for Judge Moore. He should be given the united support of a united Democratic party as he moves now to lead the party and the state during the four years which lie ahead.

We Would Still Expect To Hear From Kennedy

The political future of Robert F. Kennedy, brother of the late president, scion of one of the nations wealthiest and most public spirited families, becomes more clouded with the announcement that he will not .seek the New York senatorial seat.

Kennedy ruled this possibility out last week with a brief announcement. However news reports said he still left the door open to a possible invitation to join President oJhnson as vice presidential nominee on the Democratic ticket.

Most political observers believe this rather unlikely. ^the thinking is that Johnson will be liberal enough for the Democratic ticket to off-.set. the ultra-conservative Gold water. Thus a more moderate Democratic running mate would be chosen.

What will be left for the tough, sometimes hated, sometimes feared Bobby Kennedy?

There has been much speculation about his future since John F. Kennedy died. Only recently there was the report that he might use the machinery he developed to obtain hi brothers nomination for gaining the Democratic presidential nomination for himself this year This we seriously doubt.

We suspect' Kennedy will continue to leave the door open for the vic presidential nomination. If this does not develop, he will accept the party ticket. Then after the November election, he will retire from his attorney generals post, take some time out for writing and contemplating.

But we would expect to hear from Bobby Kennedy in the future, either in his own right politically, or as a manager for his other brother, Sen. Ted Kennedy. ,

_ nlike ?relude

lo

1914

By JOHN ABNEY

Baseball Brinas On Rain

Summer School Ranks Swelling

By WINFRED L. GODWIN

Sumniertime and the living is eii.sy no longer describes Southern college and university campuses after "spring commericernent. Undergraduates in increasing numbers are contiriuing their Studies through the hot. months, aii-ing for quicker graduation or . enrichment- of, .their program of study.' '

Remedial .students and graduate students traditional summer campus fixtures - are now being out-numbered by. regular students. And institutions are encouraging t h^e trend, many of them glad to have summer activity as a partial solution to soaring enrollments.

Summer .school ks bigger business on Southern carnpu.ses than over most of the rest of the nation, Enrollments run 34 per cent of the fall totals in public institutions and 31 per cent In private institutions in the South, compared to 25 and 21 pey cent, respectively, as a national average. Only the West (has comparable summer student populations. -

These figures apply to degree ci'edit enrollment, graduate and undergraduate, and do not Include thousand of adults enrolled in on-credlt w o r k-shops, short courses and institutes during the summer mon-* ths.

One factor in thfs^ regional dif^rence is probably the high prri^rtion of public Instihitions in the South, which traditionally emphasize summer offerings.

What is summer school of the 1960 s like'' To help aus-wrr the question, the Univer-isitv of Marylaiid recently released a .survey of its own 1963 Sununei' School on the C.ollegc Park campus gave an-onvmori.s evaluations of the six or,^eight week .sessions oflered last Slimmer

They 'ineUided both undeiv graduates and gradi'ates In the Colleges of Arks an(| Sciences, and Education, prdornlnently. with a .small percentage in the Colleges of Business and Pfib-; 11c Administration, ^Agriculture.

Engineering, Home Econonilcs.

Physical Education, and Recreation and Health,

They were' taking their choices of 438 courses drawn from the academic year .curriculum and taught by ejcperienced faculty membei's, 88 per cent of them having taught previously at the University of Maryland.

Above the average of college courses in levels of interest and efficiency of instruction." was the strong endorsement from a majority of the students polled.

When asked to compare summer courses in terms of rigor, students were divided on whether they were more demaqdiug or about the same a.s tho.se they had completed during the academic year. They agreed that they were not less demanding.

Most students reported that the quality of instruction was about equal for the summer session and the academic year. Many thought the quality of Instruction was better in the summer offerings.

The students were divided on amount learned " About half thought they, had learned more than an aver^fe amount and half. Just an, average amount. Fewer than one in six Yated summer courses not equal" to those they had completed in the preceding academic year.

Students biggest complaint was lack of air conditioning in campus facilities.

From the faculty members vantage point, they did not see much difference between sum-iTier and regular session students in intellectual caliber, previous preparation, quality of class work and grades.

The teacher.s agreed that the summer scholars covered an equal amount of material and most faculty meml>ers felt that the hot weather courses were faster paced than those given in the regular academic year.

The Maryland study concludes. on the basis of both student and faculty opinions, that ^the .summer session Is in dlose afiiance with the academic year program.

(Continued On Page 6)

MEXICO CITY Weather Is In the news today. A group of scientists have offered varying opinions as to what causes weather, particularly wet weather.

It is variously blamed on an assoi"tment of clouds with names nobody can pronounce without the help of a few Tequilas, H-Bomb tests and Central Standard Time.

17 recall ray childhood days when it rained and everyone accejpted it as a Good Thing for the crops. Nobody became emotional and set about trying to determine WHY it rained.

In recent years, however, we have had (1) an increasing ten-, dency toward, more rain ^d 12) an . increasing tendency toward droughts. The bomb, clouds and New York Times editorials have been blamed for both conditions.

Rainmakers have fired rockets iiito the. air and seeded clouds with a variety of chem

icals to bring on a storm. Very little has come of these efforts except the rainmakers make money.

We will now offer substantial evidence of waat actually causes storms and defy science to disprove It.

Rain is brought on by baseball. At least in Mexico.

The day the season opens here, you notice the sky is wooly grey. By the time the baseball stadium is half filled for the opener, there are dark clouds lurking on the horizon.

And the moment some official throws out the first ball, there is a deafening clap of thunder followed by a- deluge. This has happened year^ after year and is now an accepted fact. " ' ,

People living across town, who , have never seen a game in their lives, look oqt the window at the storm and, say, Well, I guess the game has started. .

This may' sound foolish but

Other Editors Saying.. Is- A Limit Necessary?

(The Bosten Herald).

The Treasury has asked Congress to boost the temporary debt limit again, this time to $324 billion. And after a good deal of fussing and fuming Congress is expected to cornply. Indeed it will have little 'choice.

The present temporary celling is.$315 bUhon, but on July it will revert to the permanent ceiling of $285 billion. Secretary DiUon estimates that the debt on June 30 will be $312 billitm, and with present commitments it will have to rise still higher during fiscal year 1965? So if the national credit is to be preserved, the ceiling must go up.

We can't help feeling that Congress would do better Just to eliminate the ceiling and let the debt rise.

It is perfectly clear that the debt limit does not. in fact, limit at all. Its purpose, presumably. ks to dkscourage deficit financing. But deficits occur when Congress appropriates more money than the government has The Treasury then has no choice but to borrow. and the debt limit becomes a nuisance whicl) has to be gotten around.

Prior to 1941 the United States had no over-all debt li

mit and the debt never e.xced-ed $50 billion. Since the ceiling was established the debt has risen steadily and is now - more than six times what-it was in the last pre-war year. In 1963 the debt limit had to be changed three times to keep pace with fluctuatk.g borrowing needs. Obviously the debt control the debt limit, rather than the reverse.

Secretary Dillon has stated flatly that the debt ceiling does not control '"al expenditures. No one* is more conscious than I." he said recently, of the need to keep government spending under* firm control. But this cannot be done by t-ying to e'lert controls at the tag end of the* expenditure prO-ee.ss, when the bills arc coming due."

The ceiling often costs the taxpayers money. It forces the governm.- to use unorthodox methods to meet its obligations. And it sometimes prevents the government fiom borrow! n g w^hen the bond market is favorable.

Congress would do the country a favor If it eliminated the debt limit and concentrated on new ways to limit cxpendltur-,cs at the .aourcc. It is not the bijrrowing that is at fault hut the spending sprees which make borrowing neccs.safy.

It never rains during a golf tounmment, for instance, unless one of the contestants playfully swings his club like a baseball bat.

The ancient Mayas discovered that rain in their time was brought on by celestial beings known as Chaacs. Special ceremonies were held and the Instant they ended, everybody ran for cover. Chaacs always delivered

It is not unlikely that Chaacs considered baseball some sort of rite in their honor and for this reason they herd up clOuds when the game starts. Some weather students have speculated that the Chaaca do not like baseball, on the other hand^ and tried to dro^ out the'garpes.

However, there are a number of 'recordeK. instances where modern Mayas have held festivals for the Chaacs but nothing happened. Nobody could explain'it. Possibly the Chaacs were working'in some other part of the sky and missed all the fun. The most plau-aable line of reasoning, though, is that a baseball game was going on somewhere else and all the weather was, being collected for that area.

Say what you want but iscience is working'* on the same old outdated theories. At this mohient, it is 8 pjn^ in Mexico (^ty' and I just saw a huge bolt of lightning flash in the direction of the baseball park. Thunder is rumbling and the first splatters of rain are hitting the pavement.

Obviously, the game is about to start. . ,

Opinioni^ n. Brief

Odds of getting a perfect hand at contract bridge (all 13 cards in one suit) are one in 635.013..559 deals. And then your wife will pass.Wichita. Eagle.

A man can make a fool of himself in many ways but when a woman is involved the public always seems better satisfied." Matador (Tex.) Tribune.

Parents always have a hard time getting their teenagers to hang up thingscoats, hats, dre.sses, trousers. The worst problem today is yet another itemthe telephone. Greenville Piedmont,

Bv JOH.N CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1964, King Featurei Syndicate. Inc.

It was just fifty years ago that a Serb terrorist, GavfiUo Prinzip, assassinated Archduke Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, at Sarajevo. The result, after a round of demands, timid invocation of the name of the Hague TrilHinal, and partial and full mobilizations, was World War

The memory of this lamentable anniversary conies at a time when provocations to another half-century of carnage and chaos are multiplying in Southeast Asia. Senseless charges are thrown about: the Reverend Trl

Quang, the Buddhist monk whose yowls about persecu-' tion led to the overthrow and murder of the. Catholic Diem in South Vietnam, is at it again. This time he is accusing the Buddist - dominated government of General Khanh of mistreating its own co-rellg-i>nists; he is obviously hoping to cause a third overthrow in South Vietnam within the year.

In Laos, the Communists accuse the U. S. of provocation but the provocation has consisted of using air reconnaissance to t,ake pictures of Red Chinese violations of Laotian neutrality. No longer turning the other cheek, we have de-^ fended our planes by firing on Commun i s t installat ions. Meanwhile our military men, breaking the McNamara-imposed gag, have been speculating out loud that it might be well to carry the war against the Communists into North Vietnam.

If this were 1914, would have had full-scale war by incidents" would have led to now7 Continued Incidents" would have led to U. S; and Red Chinese mobilizations. An ultimatum, carefully worded to preclude accei^nce. would have been issued by one side or another. An appeal to the UN would have failed completely. And it would have been the guns of August going off in June this time all over again.

Maybe they will still go off; in any event, I wouldn't want to jinx the world by saying that they won't. However, there are certain things working in favor of peace that were not present in 1914. .

Fifty years ago the balance of power was such that both sides the T(^le Alliance of Germany. Austria and Italy, the Triple Entente of Eng-' land, France and Rfussia . , thought they could win if it <?ame to war. Moreover, no-* ^bodiy then had any idea that ' wars jnight be long and devas-. . tatmgg, the theory of the . quick kill" was alive both in the German ^hlieffen Plan , and the FY^irclf theoiT, advan-. ^ced by Foch; that Gallic valor.?- * would break'-the;.eneriiy in the first battles. It y-as a matter In 1914 of taking war as'

swimmers into cleanness leaping.'*- to quote from the ardent Eljiglish poet. Rupert Brooke. /Certainly nobody rthinks of war in connection, with a clean plunge-Into a pool today.

In 1964 there ks the -balance of terror. But it holds as b-... tw?een the U, S. and Ru.ssia. not as between the U. S. and the Communists in Southeast Asia. In 1914 Germany came to the aid of Austria in the ' showdown against Serbia. But in 1964 Spviet Russia is on the outs with its erstwhile ^ ally,' Red China,^ So the theory is* that if it came to war now. Red (Thina would be Isolated. ;

Assuming that there is.stm-. v-tegic rationality in Peking,, W'hy would Mao Tse-tung want to risk dirept war against the U. S.? Redjl China has not yet * succeeded in getting the atom bomb. She has no navy. She ; could not keep an air force flying for very long. She ha only a limited industrial sys- , tem. She has thfe (Jhiang Kai-shek * Chinese on her flank, with that well-supplied army eyeing the mainland from Formosa. She has had an endemic agriculfqral crisis with which to contend. And she has that long land border longer than . the Canadian-U. S, border between herself and the Sov?-let Union. Without a pmarxniee from Moscow, could the Rp(J Chinese leave that border un-(Conlhnued Oh Page 6)

Grads WiU Haost Unemploymen

Strength For Today

' By KARL L. D(H (ILA.S.*; THE C.ARBAGE PAIL - ISSlE

What lnipress(*d you most about your vsit to the United Slates?" someone askfd a Eu-_ rojp>ean. And hLs reply was.. The .size of your garbage paiks.'*

And why not'? Every twenly-tour hours we throw enough food into our garbage palls tq-keep hall the .starving people oh the world at a subsistence level Purthermure. we pay Rour farmer.H not (o raise grain. We ilc.stroy * potato crops .There have been tiine.s when w e have, killed, oir live stock to kehp the price from going in tow.

It .serias iiUerly I'idirlllnu.s lo iliii.sp of jis who rin not understand and wc womfcj- whe

ther .anyone undeistand.s or not. Why In this world, teeming with food values, should anyone .starve? The social and racial distinction.s within a nation are not to be compared in their cruelty with the distinctions which exist between privileged and under-privileged nations, We< may be proud of the .size of our garbage pails and the fact that we have .such a high standard of living , but wc wo.nder whether the unprl\ileged peoples of the world ma.v not rise up in judgment against us some day and m-ake us wish that w e had never been Ivrm '

Communism thrives when n;ir; HHtiou ha.s big garbage pails aud.o(h'r nntinus have jin rarbacc pail.s at all Ixranse they have no meed of them.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The United States is about to experience tire sharpest rise in unemployment this year. But it will be largely technical. Thousands of college and hiih school graduates will be pouring into the lal>or maiket and there are jobs only' for a small fraction of them.

The unemployment rate among teen-agers and single men is already much higher than the national average. In May, 5.1 per cent of all work-CIS were unemployed w||k the rate among manieil men^a.-^ only 2.9 per cint. X

And while statistical unei\ ployment will be rising in July, so will employment. The tax cut is bcpfin.nlng to have an effect bn all business, creating more jpbs. And on top of that. Jbs in the ^-acation in-du.stries and in agriculture are about to Incretise .sca.sonally, OTHER l OOK'AHF.ADS (N BUSINESS Here arc muie tkvclop*

meuts on the business horizon :

End ol auto boom: Automobile sales have been going' ahead despite the news that there will be important model changes in 1965 models. One reason is that many buyers have feared an auto strike will greatly delay some new' models. However, this fear buying is largely completed, the new models are much nearer and .sales will decUne.

Anti-strike pres.sure: Meanwhile stro.ig pressures aie being brought on Walter Reuth-er to avoid a strike j^ hls Auto Workers In August. Tf The situation moves to the ^strtking stage, the Auto Workers are likely to demand more than 3.2 per cent Increase in t h e Admini.stration's wage guide-llnc This would'triyger larger demands by other piwons, and could lead lo a ricw w a g e-price spiral.

Even niuie Imporlahl, a big

.. bcfoj" electionGmlght hurt the economy badly enough to influence the election. Reuther is getting the word that another Democra-, tic Admini.stration would mean more to labor than an increase in auto workers pay.

seems to have steadied dow'n. Steel production to rise: . Steel orders have hicrea.sed and July^September production may' be the largest quarterly production since 1955.

TOLOttER MERGER STANCE . '- \

More merger crackdowns: .

Recent government actions against mergers will Increase, not dimish, de.spite President John.son's efforts to convince

busine.ss he Is its friend. The White House concept heems.to

be that beij^ anti-merger is not being anti-business; in fact, . its pro-small business, at least. , , Met^ steady; NonferroU'S-mctak# ,vvlll remain close" to present * levels foL the_ rest of the year, with-the possible cx-cpption of copper, ^hlch can be T)00sted hi price by a strike by mijiier.s or granting of 'wage ipcreasp.s. Aluminum, wblch has been fhittuating reccnily,

OIJ) PROMOTER SUSPECTS SLY POST OFFICE TRICK I have a campaign for you, the Old Promoter announced on his visit today. y . > .'

"What fk?" '

**To getrthe .jptet ofoe to put back the,time In^.the cancelling maphinies. he said. I was^told t>y a post office official.. that the governmeBt*' hasnt saved a single salary by dropping the time stamps, and .cant save ^nore than 15 cent of ink a year. "

Why, th^ did they do It?"

I asked, , *

. Because #hen they slow down handl&iR the mail. It's hard."r for the customer* to prove it, I ikuppose.*"

The campaign 4s on. -Write yuur Congressman, folks.

Mil