Saturday, Juna 6, 1964

Leave It Out ,Of The. 2nd Campaign

You've Had Great Instruction-

No constructive purpose can be served for North ^Carolin or its people by efforts to inject racial controversy as one of the issues in the second primary gubernatorial race.

During the long campaign which preceded th^ .first primary a week ago, th racial issue did (not become a focal point of the issues discussed by the candidates or their supporters. So far as we could tell during the campaign, there was no effort on the part of either of the three major candidates to pit one group of the states citizens against the other on racial grounds. .

In the next few weeks there \vTn h^ an~evcn higher-geared effort by Candidates L. Richardson Preyer and Uan K. More to win the support of Nqrth Carolijfia voters and the Democratic guber-

National neiD

natorial nomination.

Unfortunatly there has already'been a hint that the race issue may be injected into the second primary campaign. We trust that this hint will not blossom during the remaining three weeks before North Carolinians again go to the polls to name the Dmocratic gubernatoirial nominee.

North Carolina has gained a reputation for good relations between the races which makes up its citizenship. Although there have been a few instances in the state in recent years, by comparison with other states North Carolina has been able to maintain this relationship at a good level. Any attempt by either of the candidates to play up the racial problem which is faced in this state and by all our citizens would be a grave injustice to the state and to all the citizens of the state. ' '

By roTlowihg sane, soutt and fair policies, North Carolina has been able to deal with the

rBUT I>ONT EXPECT TO WIN evERV

AT FIRST.

s..

?or Candidacies

social readjustments w'hich are becoming necessary in this litate as TvetT as the rc.st of the nation. The ^problems are hard enough to solve without being made political footballs by candidates seeking votes.

By Wn.MAM A. SHIRES

RALIGH PoUtlcil notebook:

Dr. W. D. (BUI) James of RamlH and Bob Davis of SaUs-bury wUl go to Washington later this month U> post f o r picture* with Lyndon B. Johnson and for tape recordings of conversations with the president tuts of ammunition for their congressional campaigns.

The two Democi^c _hope^ fuls from North CanUina are among the first to accept invitations to a natlrmal conference of Democratic congressional candidates scbed u 1 e d June 25-28.

Durham. Scotland, Ashe and Watauga. All four apparently wound up in the Preyer column by small margins. If these reports hold up, Preyer could claim the first primary lead in 29 counties, Dan K, Moore in 34 counties and Beverly Lake in 37. Earlier reports Indicated Lake had carried Ashe, Watauga and Scot-land.

The final, official statewide canva.S8 of primary vote totals

Summer Is For FamilY

Fun, And, For Caution

Agenda for the conference includes briefings, panels and question _ and answer periods featuring cabinet members and other top Washington (gflcials, a reception at the White House and, course, picture-making and recording sessions with LBJ.

EFFORT -- The conference la an effort by the Democratic National committee and the party's senatorial and congressional campaign committees to prepare candidates and Inform them > naUwial policy.

Speeches and question periods will feature Secretary of State Dean Rusk. De f e n s e Secretary Robert McNamara, ' NASA administrator James Webb. Economic Advisors chiarman Waiter Heller, Commerce Secretary >4Aither Hodges and Labor Secretary Wll-hrd Wlrte.

will be conducted by the State Board of Elections on June 9.

STUNNED Gubernatorial hopeful Dan K. Moore left the Raleigh news corps stunned and disappointed by refusing to answer reporters question.s at what was understood to be a Moore press conf e r e n c e Thursday afternoon.

It turned out to be nothing more than the reading of a brief prepared statement.

Then when newsmen sought to question him, Moore brushed them asid' expallnlng that he wa.s leavu!? Raleigh "in Just three minutes" and walked out of the klelg-Ughted

Also, there will be appearances by such figures as Attorney Gen. Robert Kennedy. Health Education and Welfare Secretary Anthony Celebrezze, Peace Corps director Sargent Shiiver, Interior secret a r y Stewart Udall, AgrlcuH u r e Secretary OrviU Freeman and Home Finance Agency admln-Istiator Robert Weaver.

ATTEND North Carolina party chairman Lunsford Crew and executive secretary Twn I. Davis also will attend the conference, along with several incumbent members of C o n-gress facing GOP ^position this Fall.

room.

Newspaper, radio and television reporters and cameramen had assembled in large numbers believing a full-scale news conference was schedul-e4. It would have been the first such meeting with the press since Moore called for a run-off primary against L, Richardson Preyer.

MISUNDERSTANDING It w'as plain that there was a misunderstanding and apparently a lack of agreement among Moores own headduar-ters advlsere aboutj. what. If anything. Moore was going to say.

As soon as he finished reading the prepared statement, a newsman asked if Moore thought cross-burning on t h e eve of the first primary were politically inspired. Moore declined to answer, saying the conference was called tmly for the purpose of reading t h e statement.

Jf there is a play - tTme in ETastern North C&r-^lina, TT is TiTngtli^ mrmmer^^m^^

The youngsters are out of i school. T'amilies Nire~ planning vacations an(J~"wen'eTd jaunts to the beaches and other recreation spots. Mothers, who have gotten their children off to school for the pa.st nine months are faced with the annual chore of finding new activities to fill the time of the kids, free from the classrooms.

If summer is the time for fun in Eastern North Carolina, it is also the time for greater family efforts to prevent accidents. Particularly is this true in the case of accidents related to water and to the streets and highways.

A few days ago the Greenville Police Department issued a special note to motorists warning them

to exercise greater caution on the citys streets

during the summer vacation period. More young

sters are on bikes following their vacation persuits. Others, engrossed in play, are more likly to dart into the streets without taking the time necessary to watch for automotive traffic. And. of course, on the highways traffic is heavier than usual because of the season of the year.

As water recreation has l>ecome increasingly important in the lives of people of this area, the hazards ha\e also inci eased. Youngsters and adults alike flock to the favorite water spots seeking

respite from the summeris heat. Boating, swimming and other water sports are at their peak.

Summer is the time for family fun, hut it is also the time when the family shciuld take extra precautions to assure that the pleasant days are not marred by accidents or tragedy.

obless

! Rates

i By GEORGE HAGEDORM

June of 1964 la regarded by business cycle analysts as tha 40th month of a more-or-Iess ctmtinuous improvement in business conditiwis. But _ thft-record (rf unemploymehf during this period shows a peculiar pattern of its own. The overall unemployment rate dropped from close to 7 percent in tie first half of 1961 to 5.5 percent In February 1962. Since the latter date, it has hovered around 5.5 particular trend either upward or downward.

Apparently, once the initial ^purf of recovery was coinplet-ed. the subsequent cconrnld expansion was either not fast enough, or not of the right kind, to bring about any improvement in the unemploy ment situation.

One might be tempted t conclude that 5.5 percent in employment represents a sot of rock-bottom and that n. amount of ecwiomlc growti can break through this level But this ccmcluslon w o u 11 bring up the question of why we were able to keep ihe unemployment rate substantially below this figure in cnrteL

By ROGER BABSON

Small Business Is Biq'

BABSON PARK, Mass. ~ President Johnsrais naming of last week as Small Busin ess Week reminds me to point out to my readers tte great importance of this segment o our private enterprise to the economy.

SCOPE OF NATIONS

SMAU. COMPANIES Too many people Just naturally assume that all of the truly significant trends in manufacturing, services, and trade are established by the b g corporatlcms. They are unaware of the great forces that .spring from the little independents or the influences that stem from them. How many realize, for example, that

there are an estimated 4.6 million small businesses now operating in this country? If each one of these concerns were to take on Just one extra employee, our unemployment would be practically wiped out overnight. Such power can scarcely be overrated on the national scene.

a go of their business. In short, they need somet h i n g more than money.

The government, by way of its Small Business Administration. Is encouraging qualified people interested In start i n g their owTi ventures. Let me emphasize. however, that those going Into business for themselves must be able and energetic people with good busines.s sense. They must be prepared to w'ork hard to make

onnsons

Other E(ditors Saying

decision Near At Hanc

James and Davis, though, re the state's featured candidates in planning Democratic efforts to oust Republican Reps. Charles R. Jonas and James T. Broyhill.

James is opposing Jonas in the Eighth District and Davis Is challeniging Broyhill In the Ninth.

CANVASS Official canvassing of the May 30 primary vote by county boards of election resulted in changing the standards of the three major Democratic candidates for governor in several closely-contested counties.

The number of votes involved was relatively small. But the net result w'as to give ftrst-prtmary leader L. Richardson Preyer the lead in three or four counties w'here. In early, unofficial counts, it appeared he was second.

Counties in which early, un-fficial standings were changed after the canvassing Included

A television newsman protested. pointing out that t h e filming of the conference required his crew to travel a considerable distance. "Is this all?" he asked. Moore looked at his watch and said he had to be leaving but would answer Questiw^ later

time.

Moore's press aides were plainly embarrassed. They said it had not been intended to hold a press conference and that news media were told only that Moore was planning to issue a statement. Reporters, however, had understood differently. M o o r es press headquarters had said earlier in the day that it hoped" Moore would have "something else" other than a five-paragraph prepared statement.

Reporters felt, however, that w'hatever the reastm they had been dealth with brusquely and In a manner entirely different from Moores treatment of the press during the first primary campaign. ^-

Ro GOP Aitack

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)President Johnson, far in advance of the pSiitical conventions, this week In effect opened his presidenltal campaign with a speech on American might.

It served three different purposes: It was a warning to the Communist world, a reassurance to allies, and a reply to Sen. Barry Goldwater who has been consistently critical of American defenses.

Johnson opened up just one day after Goldwaters victory In the California pri m a r y pushed him far ahead of all other contenders for the Republican presidential nomination in July.

Johnson, whose own nomination by the Democrats in August Is taken for granted, never mentioned the Arizonan. But his words were a' clear replv to Goldwa^. The speech took In more t Ti a n Goldwater.

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It was so detailed Johnson.s talk can be considered a basic reply to any attacks the Republican party may try to make when the campargn gets going.

In talks, Goldwater has made since the start of l'.)64 and most recently in a booklet ~ "Son. Goldwater Speaks Out on the lAsues" the senator has attacked this country's defense set-up in general and its missiles in particular.

The .JohiKson admiuistral i o n wasted no time going after Goldwater when he began his attack last January with the siatement that US. inlercon-tlnciital ballistic missiles were "undependable

He got a fast answer from Secniary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, whom Johns o n

has blessed consistently. McNamara called Goldwater "politically irresponsible and his statement "damaging to national security.

Goldwater has attacked him ever since. But on the same day Goldwater made his statement, former Pres i d e n t Dwight D. Eisenhower said he is confident that United States has "just as good missiles as there are in the world,

Following are some examples of what Goldwater has said since January and of what Johnson said this week.

Goldwater, acknowledg i n g the importance of missiles, complained this country is getting rid of its manned bombers and by the 1970s will be relying on missiles alone.

He said: "We cannot put our sole reliance on missile sy^ems as against a mix e d force missiles, manned aircraft. and naval vessels of all types.

Johnson said this country has more than 1,000 fully armed TCBM and Polaris missiles (fired from .submarines) ready for retaliation and he added: "The Soviet Union has far fewer and none ready to he launched beneath the

seas.

"We have more than l.ino stiateglc bombers, many of which aiT equipped with air-

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

It has become increasingly obvious that the administration must soon make plans for improving the situation in Southeast Asia. There is some evidence that the administration is already making plans for a strike into Communist North Viet Nam. A member of the Defense Appropriat 1 o n Committee in the House, Rep. Melvin Laird of Wisconsin, says as much.

The administrations posi-ti(m, Lnlrd declared recently, Is to move north and "we are now preparing to move north. This is a preparation that has been going on for sev eral months and we in the Defense Appropriation Committee are supporting the necessary preparations so that our forces will be in a position to have this free choice available to them in the future.

Recent high-level talks in Hawaii among top brass from Washington may bear out Lairds observation in a f e w days. Whatever plans were made at Honolulu must be approved by President Johnson. Secretary of State Rusk a few days ago bluntly warned Red China and North Viet Nam to leave their neighbors alone.

The policy of the U.S. toward the Southeast Asia is stiffening. Indeed, this is the only course left open to Washington. short of withdrawing completely, and that is a cckusp impossible to take. It would leave all of Southeast Asia open to Red takeover.

Perhaps one reason for the stiffening of Asia policy is that

political reverberations are already being felt here at home. Election - conscious Wiu>h-ington is aware of the political stake involved in Southeast Asia. A continued indecisive attitude on Viet Nam and Laos could have a decided effect on the presidential cam--paigns this summer.

But political considerations should not cloud the issues in Southeast Asia. If. the administration adopts a forthr i g h t. strong policy toward the Red encroachment in South east Asia, it need not worry about what the people at Jiome think, for it is clear the public is weary of the namby-pam b y manner in which we have botched one crisis after the other.

And there is growing indication that military moves are being charted to s h o w proUommunlst forces the U. S. means business; we hope so. Increased American military activity there could take a number of courses, including direct participation by U. S. troops, and this should not be ruled out if Washington expects concrete results for thus far the native forces have not shown the ability or the willingness to mount all-out war on the enemy.

Rusks warning to Red China and North Viet Nam w'as significant. He stated: "It is absolutely necessary that Hanoi and Peking decide to leave their neighbors in this part of the world alone and all our efforts will be bent on requiring them to make that deci

sion.

IMPORTANCE OF

CAREFUL PLANNING

Sad to say, each year many small business ventures are started on a careless "ple-in-the-sky plan by people who lack business background and-or adequate capital. More important, many get off on the wrong foot because the original planning overlooked c e r-tain essential considerations such as market potential, proper location, competition, and operating costs. Armed largely with hope, "these people soon find their business floundering, and their nest egg disci! pated.

My advice, therefore, to those planning to establish a small business is; First, be sure you have a sound plan and the requisite characteristics of initiative, courage, and stlck-to-itlveness. Such people can get help from the Small Business Administration in financing; and in management training and counseling service by goverment experts. Let me warn, however, that while the SBA foresees a bright fu- _ ture for new tjustoess ventures and will render all possible help and responsible advice, it cannot guarantee the success which comes only from good planning, sound judgment, and attention to business!

OPPORTUNITIES FOR SMALL BUSINESSES

Some of the greatest opportunities yet unrealized lie ift the service fields, as more people rely on others to do their "chores for them in order to have extra time for recreation and entertainment. This "explosion" in services Is shown by the fact that employment hi such fields has risen from 4.7 million in 1946 to 8.3 million in 1963, a 76 per cent gain compared with only about 20 per cent for total employment.

Manufacturing and retailing fields also offer good opportunities. The quickening pace of change today affords the small manufacturer a potent weapon to offset the stiff competition of the larger fii-nis. His flexibility enables him to adapt more quickly to changes in demand, and to utilize new designs and production techniques. Small retail outlets, too, can offer great posSiblllt i e s. The little retail store is still vital In our economy, with some 1.6 million of the nation's (Continued On Page 6)

During the Korean War years' unemployment fluctuated within a narrow band at about the 3.0 percent level. During the capital goods boom of 1955 through '57. the unemployment rate stayed close to^;^ percent.

Behavior of Prices

An important factor which distinguishes the Korean-War and capital-goods-boom period from the more recent expansion is the behavior of prices. In the two earlier periods th general price level was rising. Increased labor costs could be passed on and hence did reduce profit margins. Sine job opportunities, this meant that unemployment could be kept at a low level despite the upward trend In labor costs.

Since abot 1957, however, we have had approximately level prices. Cost increases could not be passed on. What happened is that the power of labor unions to raise costs was counteracted by an overhanging supply of unemployed persons In the Job market. It took an vmemployment level of about' 5.5 percent to bring about tWs result and stop the general rise of unit labor costs.

Union Pressures

We may In the future break through the 5.5 percent unemployment level as a result of renewed price rises, (This is the statement of a posbliy rather than an expression of the writers views as to desirable national policy.) With substantial cost increases in foreign industrial countries, we are likely to see some relaxation of the pressures which have prevented any general rise In industrial prices here in the U. S.

But do we really have to make a choice between inflation and unemployment? Only as long as labor unions continue to exert their special powers in raising labor costs. In a labor market freed from such pressures there Is no reason why we could not simultaneously have a stable price level and an unemployment rate well below 5.5 percent.

ODinions

.n Brie;

The art of taxation, wrote Jean Baptiste Colbert, finance minister to Frances King Louis XI'V some 200 years ago, consists in so plucking the goose as to obtain the largest amount of feathers with the least possible amount of hissing. Toledo (Iowa) Chronicle.

"If miUians are to eat without working, there will have to be some wav of persuading others to work." Findlay (Ohio) Republican-Courler.

(o-surface and decoy missiles

help them reach almost any target. The Soviet Union, we estimate, could with difficulty send less than one-third of this number over targets In the United States."

And Johnson made this sw<eeping statement "In every phase of national strenth America today is stronger than it has ever been before. It is (Continued on Page 6)

Retail- Sales To Continue Rise

Vanccboro

I 3.76 700 13.00

i 400 7.50 1400

I 4 26

8.00

1800

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Strength For Today

By KARI. L. 1)01 GI..ASS HABIT A CONTROl.I.ING F.MTOR

There Ls a va-st difference between modern psychology and the psychology that some of us studied 30 years ago or more. Modern psychology maintains that most of the evil man does come from suppressed desires and frustration. Evil acts are the projection 0 a disturbed Inner life. The old psychology, on the other hand, emphasized the physical ba.sis of habit and declar'ed that people fell into dmadvan-tageous ways of - living by building -up Iwd habits of Itiought and act, 1'he faipou.s chatHer on habii written by William James a - generation ago s^t.s forth this latter point of view.

For many of us. worry Ls a \ habit. More often than not anger Is not the projectiMi of a fnistrated life but a miserable lack of self-control which has grown through mdulgence. Habit Is a factor in life which many modem thinkers are dis-i-egarding. Many sick people would be well, many mlsrable people happy, if they could set-to resolutely and get Wiem-selves a new set of habits.

There is only -one way to make over one's life, and that is by putting into operation a policy of habit reform, breaking some bad habits and establishing some good ones.

It i.s much more .simple than, Llie modern psychologist would lead us to believe. What It requires i.s uuselifJ)ne.y! and not ixsychlatrlcal treaimeut at 5^ au oilice call.

By F-l-MER ROF-SSNER Retail sales, as predicted here a week ago. will continue their rise. AH signs now indicate that consumers, having fondled the coins that resulted from the tax cut effective two months i^o. are now beginning to spend them.

Pears that the public has been inclined to save, not spend, the minor beneficences of the income tax cut have not been borne out by savings statistics. Norman Strunk, executive vice president of t h e United States Savings and Loan League, reports that the net savings gains recorded by associations nationally in the first four months of 1964 were 26 per cent below the net gains recorded in the same 1963 period. Bank statistic are not available: however, n^ banks have reduced interest rates because an abundance of savings was pouring in.

HTGHF.R PRICES MOP I'P MIX II At the same time, the Lalwr Depai1ment'.s consumer price index moved up one-lenfh of

1 per cent In April to I07.R per

"nt^nf the 19.57 59 price average.

This tends to bear- out an

other prediction made here: that the consumers gains from the Federal income tax cut would eventually be off.set by increases In prices and by rises in state and local taxes. Figurevs on taxes will not be available until later.

Nevertheless, whether, in higher prices or for more goods, consumers seem to have begun spending, not saving, their tax remissions.

And here are more lookaheads In business;

New wood process: Toughening of wood by atomic energy, inci*easing its strength up to 100 per cent and making it resistant to rot and termites, has been demonstrated by We.st Virginia University scientists. The idea can have many commercial applications in homebuilding. furniture making and resisting the inroads of plastics.

LOVE THOSE SLAVIC Bl YER.S!

More push for sales to Rusr sians: American businessmen, more Uian ever, are eyeing ' hungrily .sale.s belnc made to the Soviets by England, Pran-fr and Gei-many. The U. S. Cliamber of Commerce is propagandizing Uie fact that th

U. S blocked the .sale of six polyethylene plants to Russia, whereupon Britain sold the Reds the same number of plants.

It's ticklish business to seek more trade with Communists in an election year, but once the voting is over, look for increasing pressure from both the left and the right for more trade with Russia.

And then: This will be followed by even stronger demands for trade with Red China

ed cellophane wrappings. Aa you can see, A. W., I wa.s wrong. However, the edges of .some highway.s are covered with two inches of discarded beer cans.E.R.

Light on bulbs: The Federal Trade Commission is looking Into claims made for long-lasting Incandescent electric bulbs, but it \s opposed to extravagant claims made f o r them.i The hearings may get sticky?- with the long-lasting bulb makers charging that oth-,. er bulbs have built - in burnouts.

A RFAPKK.S qUK.STION AM) A FRA.NK AN.SWKR

Q Have any of your fore-ca.sts been iucorn'ct' - ^ W A Ye.'', In 1954 1 pr^diried that in ten yeans the w hole United States would he enverad w jUi Un ce inches of du>c(ud-

OIJ) PROMOTER .SOUNDS OFT ON FIQUAL PAY LAW "In a few days the Equal Pay for Equal Work law goes into effect," the Old Promoter said on his weekly visit today, helping himself from my box of Filipino cigars. "You and a lot of other iMindits, whatever they are, have been writing about the vast change that are to take place.

"Let me tell you, young man, almost nothing will happen. Here and there a few girls will get a $3 or $2 raise. But for the most part, employers have 'arranged things so that women are not doing exactly the same work as men and they will continue to get the same pay they do today. There will be one or two prosecutions, but a few martyrs will not make a summer, and In the end thlng.s will be very much as they were before.

Maybe the Old One is largely* right.

i