Tuesday, June *2, 1964

"It's Nice To Have A Perch Jusi In

City Can Improve Its Appearance

It was suggested to Greenvilles Planning Zoning Commission last week that the commission might focus its attention on improving the appearance of Greenville, particularly the entrances of the city and the downtown business area.

The suggestion is one, which should have the attention of citizens of the city as well as those who sit on the Planning-Zoning ^Comission. Coming as it did from the Community Planning^ Division the suggestion must be viewed as more than a back-handed criticism of Greenville. The suggestion was offered in a constructive manner by a member of the Planning Division assigned to help Greenville with its planning work.

Too often the people of a community are much less aware of the good and bad points of their communitys appearance than outsiders. This in large measure is due to the fact that local people are so accustomed to seeing things every day that they often fail to recognize eyesores that have developed over a period of time. These things, on the

other hand, immediately draw the attention of people who visit the community less frequently.

If one takes time to look objectively at this cora-(ittuhity, it is difficult not to come to the conclusion that we could improve the citys * appearance considerably with a little sprucing up here and there. Most other communities, we might add, could profit by a similar undertaking; but that not Greenvilles problem.

Greenvilles lob is to be concerned with it own appearance. And it is a job which should not be left solely to officials. It is a job in which each citizen as an individual could play a part on his own initiative. It is an undertaking in which civic clubs and other organizations could play a role. It is an undertaking in which businessmen of the city could and'should have a part.

We dont know what plans, if any, the Planning-Zoning Commission has to follow up on the suggestion that attention be given to improving the citys appearance. But it is a suggestion that should not go unheeded by the citys citizens.

Postponement Confidence Suited To On Celebrating Graduating Classes

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

(ESTION - In th final few weeks before first primary election day, the bum 1 n g question was the size of the Lake vote.

Now the question for the

second run - off primary be-

" comes the direction of t h e

Lake vote which way will It go

The well - known name of Dr. I. Beverly Lake will project itself into the midst of the state's political picture for the fourth time in as many Democratic primaries for governor. except that this time

Dr. Lakes name wont be on the ballot. His days of running lor public offlce are over.

In analysis.' elimination of Dr. Lake* as a candidate w^as the most definitive result of the first primary.

But the effect of the former Wake Forest law profes sor - with his deeply loyal personal following and core of strict conservative voting strength undoubtedly will be felt in the showdown primary. The more than 200,000 votes which went into the Lake column on May 30 clearly cwistltute a balance of power.

POSTPONE This fact meant that any victory celebration had to be postponed

There was Joy and shouting the rented ballrooms and Jampacked headquarters offices of first primary leader L Richardsra Preyer and of runner-up Dan K. Moore on the night of May 30 but it was restrained and subdued.

Nothing was clear about an eventual winner. It was plain fr(Mn the start of the v o t e-countlng that a second prlma-^ ry would be necessary. This had been assumed for months

The goal of the Preyer forces had been to lead Objec tlve of the Moore strategv was to get into a run - off Both were achieved. In each case the determining factor W'as the size of the Lake ^ vote.

In each camp, the realistic fact was that only the first hurdle had been cleared. It climaxed the longest and costliest political campaign In state history but in a sense It was Just the beginning.

VIEW Prom the Preyer point of view, the lead in first primary votes was encouraging but not entirely satisfactory. Preyer strategists had hoped for a bigger, more commanding lead.

Secondly, the Preyer forces would have preferred to face Lake in a run-off. They conceded surprise at the strength .. of Moores- showing in some sreas and at the fact that Lake did not cut deeper into the Moore total.

Moores strategy, m e a n-while. was directed immediately at attracting a large chunk of the Lake vote a

must if Moore hopes to over-CHue the first primary Preyer lead. An even split of the Lake vote would n(g; be enough. And it was realized, too, that if the first primary Lake vote is watered down, and reduced, Moore chances in r run-off will jdlroinlsh.

There was an linmediate bid by Moore for support by Lakes followers. At Id minutes past midnight, Moore flanked by campaign manager Joe Branch and other aides strode into the Lake ballroom to shake hands with Lake Just as he concluded his concession statement.

Branch In I960 was a manager in the Lake campaign.

"We told him we were sorry we both could not win, Branch said.

STATEMENTS Lake waited until midnight to make his appearance in the big - ballroom to concede.

Finally, he arrived with his wife, campaign manager Allen Balky, treasurer Alex Brock and other top aides and conceded, "I will not be governor of North Carolina." But, he said, "there is something more and pledged that the cause of his supporters would go dh.

We have lost the battle, but we shall never surrender, he said. "Our determination to give North Carolina good government is undimmed."

Mhore. although In sec o n d place, was visibly encouraged and optimistic by his good shoilng. "I am delighted with the Vote, and 1 am confident that we will go on to victory June 27 and in November," he said.

Preyer, who began a post-midnight round of strategy conferences in person and by telephone, told reporters "we are ready" for the second primary campaign.

He said he was encouraged by the first primary vote and that it "shows that the people of North'Carolina are ready. . .to go (HI and win together to make this a better state for all our people to keep North Carolina growing."

VOTE The first primary Lake vote, which may now be the key factor, did not reach expectations of most political observers In comparison to the showings of Preyer and Moore.

But neither did msuiy observers foresee the record-smashing turnout of Democra-tric voters in the primary.

On the basis of almost complete but unofficial returns _ Preyer poUed 37 per cent of . the total and Moore about 34 per cent. Lake received about 27'per cent and his total was in between the 181.692 he poU-ed In the first primary of 1960 and the 275.905 he had in the second.

The Daily Reflectot

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MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Associated Press ts exclusiveiy entitled to use tor publications all news dispatches credited to it or not otnerwise

credited to this paper and also the locaj news published herein. All rights of publications of special dispatches here are aiso reserved.

Members of the graduating classes of 1964 look out upon their new adult world with the confidence which only graduating classes can have.

They see opportunities, they see problems. But they radiate the confidence that they can build upon established foundations a much-better society. And indeed, they have every right to be confident.

For one thing, they are sure they have been provided better educational opportunities than any young people who have gone before them. .They have only to read or to talk to their elders to know that more public and private funds have been spent to provide them with educational opportunities than has been the case with any other class in history. They move into an adult world which is not without serious problems, but one which at the same time is making uprecendented progress in maa.\^fields including the humanities.

These young people think, perhaps,- that the adult world which they are entering expects too much of them. Maybe the older people do, but that in itself should inspire greater confidence. It should inspire higher ideals for the young men and women an(l spur them to greater efforts to achieve the goals that have been placed before them.

Tomorrows problems in the community, the state and the nation will come to rest upon the shoulders of those who make up the graduating classes today. The shape of the future will depend largely upon how well they shoulder the increasing Tes^nsihilities that will be thrust upon them.

jssential Point 3y Goldwater

She (iottrUr-^ourtul

BUCHWALI)

tched

One of the greate;^ things about the United States is that the more money you owe the more respect everyone has for you. We realized this the other day when we went to a bank in Washington to repay a loan we had made. We were feeling pretty good about it because the loan wasnt due until January and we thought the bank would be very pleased about our paying up in advance.

When we first came into the bank, they treated us very nicely. The vice-president shook

our hand, offered us a cigar, and smiled.

"Well, he said cheerily, "I suppose you've come to borrow more money."

"No, we said just as cheerily, "I came to pay the other loan back.

He stopped smiling. "Youre joking, he said.

"Tm not joking. I want to repay the loan you so kindly made me last fall.

"But it isnt due until January.

takes, the president said, wiping our eyes with his handker-

Member Audit Bureau of Circuiatloii.

All advertising copy must be received at least ono day oefore publication date

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP "Santa Claus dreams of rolled up sleeves, Sen. Barry Goldwater said last January. "We have to make a choice, He was criticizing President Johnsons anti-poverty p r o-gram.

He accused Johnson of "Santa Gbus promises and in that same speech revealed perhaps as much about his own "rolled up sleeves attitude toward life in America as anything he has ever said:

We are told that many people lack skills and cann(k find jobs because they did not have an education. Thats like saying people have big feet because they wear big shoes.

"The fact is that most people who have no skill have had no education for the same reason low intelligence or low ambition.

But this speech did more than criticize Johnson, It served to illustrate an fssential point for the Arizona Republican ."Just a few days before he had announced he would seek the Republican president 1 a 1 nomination.

It had taken him some time to reach this decision, although for years he had been w'hip-ping up and down and across the landscape making speeches which endeared him to the Republican professicwials.

As he declared last fall, over those years he had said a "Thousand times Im going to run for the Senate, nothing more." Now, by his decision, he was giving Republicans of all shades a choice.

Did the highly c(mservative Goldwater represent their thinking or did they want a more moderate or liberal candidate for president? Republican voters have since decided against him in a couple of presidential primary ccmtests.

In New Hampshire he finished second behind Henry Cabot

Lodge, U. S. ambassador to Viet Nam. who didnt even say he wanted the nomination, and more recently in Oregon where he finished third behind New Yorks Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller and Lodge.

Nevertheless, despite these defeats, Goldwaters years of work for the party has won him broad support from the professionals and he had accumulated a huge number of other states, delegates going to the nominating convention next month.

Yet, todays California primary contest between him and Rockefeller may be the turning point for Goldw'ater. If he loses, it could finish him. If he wins, his delegate strength going into the convention will look overwhelming.

But looks are not a certainty and Goldwater could stiU lose in the convention for this is an unusual situation for Republicans.

This Is the rst time since 1952 thal they have had a chance w cbwjse between a highly conservative candidate and a more moderate one. Then it was between Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower and Sen, Robert A. Taft of Ohio. Taft lost.

Since Elsenhower ran again in 1956, and won, the Republicans didnt have to make any cans didnt have to make any choices until 1960 when Vice President Richard M. Nixon got the nomination. There wasnt really any choice that year. Nixon had it sewed up.

Nixon, unlike Goldwater, was a moderate Republican. But so was his Democratic opponent. Sen. John P. Kennedy. This made their contest for presidency in 1960 not one of issues but of personality.

Although Kennedy won by a squeak, by the time he died he had gained eormous public approval, which raises a ques-(Continued On Page 5)

Other Editors Saying

The Sleeoina Giant

(The Sanford Herald)

The call by Dr. Leo W. Jenkins, president of East Carolina College in Greenville, for a focal point and an articulate spokesman to spark a new era of progress for this region should receive the careful consideration and applause of all Tar Heel leaders, regardless of where they live.

His analysis of the need is the most challenging since Dr. Selz Mayo, the rural sociologist of N.C. State faculty, wrote a penetrating article that classified East e r n North Carolina as a state of mind." This article stimulated wide comment and no doubt played a leading part in sparking new seD - improvement efforts.

Both artiies appeared in The Raleigh News and Observer in Sunday editions.

We agreed thoroughly with Dr. Jenkins that it is not enough to pinpoint East e r n North Carolinas sagging economy, and to cite its 300 years of historican contribut ions. The past is rich in cultural, political and econo m i c achievement, but this has been marred by a gradual economic decline within the past 100 years, as the East has clung too long to agriculture.

As Dr. Jenkins so aptly noted, "It is the birthplace of both our state and nation, but its people are often too gracious to claim this historical importance. It is a land that is experiencing rather p a i n-fully, a marvelous cultural renaissance that cannot b comprehended fully by th o s e who are not close to ihe scene.

Yet, its economic emergence is embarrassingly slow, when measured by its potential.

Efforts of the area must be, as he notes, "more determined and energetic thanthose of others. While 'its ills have been spelled out time and again, "spelling the problem does not solve it, he adds. His idea is that it cannot be done by "remote control. I tmust be done within the region, and that is w'hy there is need for establishing a focal point and supporting the initiative of a strong spokesman.

Dr. Jenkins would like to see East Carolina College serve as just such u foe a 1 point. His suggestion on how to bring to reality the great dream of awaking East e r n North Carolina is to form a powerful Governors Commission on the East. He would ask representatives in C o n-gress, agricultural, personnel. Industrial giants, educat i onal , and religious leaders, w'illing to work t(*ether and to choose a leader who has the time, the energy and the ability to carry out the task.

We would like to see Jenkins suggestion acted upon Immediately, regardless of who is elected gover nor of North Carolina next November. To awaken a sleep 1 n g giant is a great order. Surely Eastern North Carolina can find such a leader from among her own to light the fires of progress.

To this able presentation we would only add: Dont wait for one articulate spokesman, one great leader. Use every one who responds to Dr. Jenkins call.

"I know, we said happily. "But I can now wipe the siaie clean.

"Wait a minute, he said. "You cant just come off the street and pay back a loan that isnt even due yet. What kind of a bank do you think we are?

"I thought youd be pleased, we said lamely.

"Pleased? we almost shouted. "Why should I be pleased? Its my neck, you know. I* went to ba for you with, the president. We ran a check on you before we approved the loan and discovered that you owed very little money and that in many cases you even paid cash for things.

"You were a bad risk from the start as far as the bank was concerned. But I persuaded them the only reason you werent in debt is that you hadnt been in the country very long. How is it going to look for me when I tell them you want to pay back the loan already?

But cant you use the money?"

"Our business is to make loans, he said: "What kind of institution do you think wed have if every'body came in here and said they would like to pay back their notes before they- were due? Were just lucky everyone Is not as venal as you are.

"Im sorry, he said, "I didnt think I was doing anything wrong.

"Ill have to talk to the president about this. The vice-president caDed over two of the bank guards and said to them, "Watch bira closely. He wants to pay back a loan. They both took their guns out of their holsters.

A few minutes later the president came' out red-faced.

"Youre trying to undermine the free enterpresie system," he said accusingly. "We dont like to do business witn pinkos. A' tear rolled down our cheek.

"I didnt know I was hurting anybody. Im sorry. I dont really want to pay back the loan. Ill keep the money until January. As a matter of fact.

I just thought of something. I think Id like to borrow some more money to buy a boat. The bank guards put t h e I r guns back in their holsters and the president and rice - president both shcK)k our hand,

I guess we all make mischief. I assume youd like to buy a big boat?"

By JORN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1964, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

When Pldel Castro goes, and the various anll-Castro Chiban factions begin their post-revolutionary struggle to rec(Mistitute the fabric of Cuban life, the world should benefit from the fact that all the anti-Castro leaders are o! d-fasioned humanists when It comes to respecting the Individual. Even Manuel Ray. whose economic p h 1 losophy hardly differs from. Castros own, cannot stand the idea of enforcing economic decisions by sending opponents to prison or the firing waD. As forMa-uel Artlme, head of the Movement for _ Revoluticoary Rec/w* ery and leader of the Ill-fated landing at the Bay of E*lgs. he is that strange thing In the modem revolutionary world, a Christian who reaUy lives by the tenets of his faith.

I like Artlme because he broke with Castro not because Fidel was a Marxist but because he was a liar. This was the action of a human being, not an Ideologue. When he was still in the CJastro movement. Artime was a manager In Oriente province for the governments National Agrarian Reform Institute. At one point he was asked to help mislead Chiban business men about the "Peoples store that were being organized by the Castroltes in the rural districts. The Idea was a plot to use the stores as fronts both to control the rural zone for Communism and. later, to push on into the cities.

Artlme revolted against the duplicity of the whole business, and forthwith wrote a Irtter of resignation to Castro. "Be sincere with your people, Castro. Artlme said. Tell them that all business will be controlled by the state or wiU be forced towards bankruptcy because of state competition. As for himself, Artime announced to Castro that he refused "to lie to the men of industry and those who dream of investing in new industry.

The missing Alex Rorke, an implacable enemy of Castro who disaw>eared with his plane in the Caribbean region last September, used to shake his heail over Artime, saying he didnt Jcnow how to fight. Maybe so. But it was the CIA that botched the Bay of Pits invasion. not the Artime leadership, if Haynes Johnsons new book, "The Bay of Pigs: the Leaders Story of Brigade 2506, is accurate. For that matter, the revered Jose Marti, who sparked the Cuban rebellion against Spain in the eighteen nineties, was no military genius, either.

Yet Martis humanistic words were what inspired some good generals to fight intelligently.

In a recent column I quoted Cubans as saying there would have to be tlu ee revolutions to restore freedom in Cuba. The first, Manuel Rays, would be to Install "Pidellsmo without Fidel. The second, Artlmes, would be to restore political demo(sracy. And the third, that of the libertarians, would be to revive the Constitution of 1940, which was a manifesto for economic as weU as political freedom.

Well, that is what Cubans In Miami are saying. But It is pointed out to me that this does Artime an injustice. Said Artime, just last March, "I believe in social justice and in private property. . .1 believe in a document that symbolize9^iF\, sovereign wiU of our people. This document represents tlie return of law and order; it represents the protection of individual rights..., .This document is the Constitution of 1940.

Speaking of humanism and its desirability, it should be practiced in a more even-handed way by our own government In Its treatment of antl-Com-munist exiles. Our State Department does not persecute Artime, which is a tribute to its common sens. But Washington does discriminate against other political refugees. There is Haviv Scheiber, for instance. Scheiber, who is General Secretary of the so-called Anti-Communist International which has been helping some anti-Castro factions, is threatened with the loss of a permit to stay in this country. De-(Continued On Page 6)

Little Done About Air Pollution

Strength For Today

77

By EARL L. IH)1 GLASS I.N THE MEANTIME TRUST

People asked on one occasion what manner of man Jesus was.

And well they mlsht ask this. An unknown teacher had wandered dowm from Nazareth and taken his station along the highways of the Kingdom of Jdah. Later he Invaded Jerusalem. and just outside the city walls he met his death.

This Jesus was a man of unusually fine background. He was a descendant of King David. but all through his life he was a humble artisan. He received almost no education as we regard education today. Yet after nineteen centurie.s human beings the vi^rld over regardless of whait their re--ligioii may be aie willing to admit that this Carpenter of Nazareth-was the most influential personality ever to have walked the earth.' He has

changed human thought and Institutions. Time is dated from his birth.

Why? Why? Why? Thousands of books have been written trying to answer that question. The simplest answer of all is the Bible answer, naniely that this Man was the incarnation of a Divine Being, He was the the Son of God. He was indeed God HimseU working a-mid human affairs, trying to set them sfPaight, pointing"' them to a new and higher destiny. ^

But wht^nanner of man was he? We can only partly answer that question Maybe someday we shall know completelywhat manner of man he was-.

In the meantime we are evidently expected by G(xl to follow the knowledgci^ wja have, to use tea(;hings of thl** man-as the guide to our daily life, to trtist in his promise of an eternal and glorious destiny.

By ELMER ROESSNER

President Johnson in calling for action to turn back the threats of polluted air in his Ann Arbor speech drew new attention to the smog problem.

The situation is worsening month by month. The rising number of autos spew tons of pollutants: every new jet plane adds more contamination to the air. A few cities have controlled factory smoke but mo.st have done little. New York has asked the U. S. Public Health Service to do something about pollutants sprayed on John F. Kennedy Airport and environs.

Dr. J I. Breginan, chaliman of the Illinois .Air Pollution Con-^ trol Board, writes in Frontier.*" published by the ITT^Re-seai'ch .Institute, that automobiles each day discharge 25(i.0(X) tons of carbon monoxide, 25.000 tons of hydrocar-bqns^nd l(f.000 tons bf *nitro-geif oxides. Industry discharg-es 17.000 tons more of contaminants every day. -COST IS HIGH

- Air pollution costs the United States 'iimre than. $11 bUUoo a

year, or $65 per person. The cost in health is heavy, too. Twenty persons were killed by a three-day smog and 4.000 made acutely ill in Donora, Pa. And no one know's w'hat share of lung cancer deaths are caused by air-borne irritants.

Not much is being done to protect the public. Congress has voted $74 million dollars for grants to state, local and regional agencies over 10 years to help solve the problem; It has provided a permanent re-search program, and, has voted enforcement measures against air pollution patterned after the Federal Water Pol- ' lutlon Control Act,

Some cities and some states, notably Califoniia, have enacted laws to control air pollution.

But very little has been done and pollution grows worse. -

Los Angeles has been hardest hit by smog ^and has. proba blyl the most'advanced air pollution control program In the U. S. Nearly 90 per cent of contaminants from stationary sources ix> Las Angeles has

lieen brought under control under the local rule that natural gas must be substituted for fuel oil wherever possible.

This, coupled tC^ith ^ control over automobile ctmtamination in the next few years would seem to answer Los Angeless smog problem.

STOP-GAP EFFORT

Not at all. according to a Stanford University smog expert, Dr. Philip A. Leighton, emeritus professor of chemls3 try, said that the present approach is a stopgap and that the smog problem, will be get-thtg worse in the 1980s.

- Dr. Leighton said that if all the air up to l.(X)0 feet above the air up to 1,000 feet above Los Angele.s was alloted among the citys population* each person would have enough to breathe for 30 years. But if a, person used his allotment to run a full-size family ckr then he would run out of clean air in less than five minutes of driving.

A car driven over a highway requires more than a thousand times as much oxygen a the

driver, the professor pointed out. To carry off the exhaust gases and dilute them to harmless C(Micentrations requires 5 to 10 million times as much air as the driver.

Los Angeless achievements In smog control have been remarkable, Dr. Leighton admitted. But they are adequate only to offset the Increase in population. Consequence: the problem is. just about as bad as always, *

The only solution short of population control, according to the professor, is to attack combustion ItseD, not the products of combustion.

This attack would entail building only nuclear power plants: building for electric instead of hydrocarbon heat In homes and industry: reducing the size and number of automobiles and revamping the transportation system: and replacing the Internal combustion machine bjr a non-polluting source of power such as a fuel cell.

What the auto Industry is doing will be reported tomorrow.

A.