Monday, March 30, 1964

If I Said That

New School Facilities Required

Discussion of local school needs by the Greenville Board of Education at its meeting last week points up the fact that the city must begin thinking in terms of takiilg another major step forward in provMing ^new^chool facilities..

Among the building needs mentioned were the addition of 12 new classrooms at Rose High School, construction of a new C. M. Eppes high school, addition of a third wing at South Greenville elementary school, and the rebuilding and expansion of Fleming Street school or a replacement for the school.

This list does not represent, of course, the total school construction needs of the city. Inadequate facilities at the old high school building now being - used as a junior high school certainly should be considered in any new construction program. The need for additional elementary classrooms to .serv'e the expanding population in the southern and southeastern section of the city cannot be overlooked in 6 any long-range construction program.

When one considers these need.s, it is immediately evident that a considerable sum of money will be required to meet them. It is also evident that any expansion program that requires a great in-ve.stment .should be planned with the view of facilities being utilized to the fullest extent for many years as the city continues to grow in area as well as in population.

But the money is only one of the problems. To be sure, this problem in itself is sufficient to require careful study. There is also the problem of district lines that pattern Pitt under the antiquated Cleveland County act. Already the city of Greenville has grown beyond the Greenville school district in at least one direction. It is folly to a.s.sume that

adequate long-range planning for educational needs can be done so long as the district line.s of the county remain barriers that facility planning cannot transcend.

The school needs of Greenville are not unique in Pitt County. In practically avery school district there are needs which should be met at the-earliest possible date. Gollectively, it will cost several millions of dollars to meet these needs. The best pos-.sible long-range planning for schools on a county-wide basis should be utilized to assure the greatest return to the taxpayers of the county on whatever investment is made in new school construction.

-HBERA.S WOULD $AY

t J$CLAT/MHT.y

WEM4T f^CK UP ANU6ET

OUT OF

A4IA,

Somewhere, Room For

Compromise Exists

Can Anyone Go

Fo Coll

By WINFRED L. GODWIN Anyone who really wants to. ean Ko to college these days. Or can he?

Even if hes a good scholar, imbltiou* and energetic enough to secure a part-time Job, can he raise the necessary SI .500 for a years total expenses at a ptiblic college, or $2,000 to attend a private school?

Working your way through college continues to be an American tradition. More than half of the students in Southern colleges and universities are earning part of their school expenses.

But in many cases, a job l.s no longer enough. Scholarships and loans plus family help are frequently necessary to make the financial outlay for a single year of college today.

Scholarships are growing in availability in the South and the nation. But they are not keeping pace with the nee d. particularly in this reg 1 o n. Family Incomes run about 25 per cent lower in the South than In the nation and college costs run as high as In the rest of the country.

To get specific, Southern students received some $20 million in scholarship aid from their respective institutions in 1959-1960, tlw latest figures available. This compared with about $100 milliwi for the nation. not counting non - cam-pu.s resources like industry and government scholars h 1 p programs. While the region has about 20 per cent of the nations total scholarship funds, it has 25 per cent of its enrollment.

Of the top 50 institutions giving the largest amount of scholarship aid. only 10 are in the South.

A larger number of the high school graduates of our area and the nation who want to go to college and have the aptitude are not getting there, strictly for lack of hinds. U.S. Commissioner of Educa t i o n Francis Keppel e.stimates that 100.000 U. S, high school graduates highly qualified for college are not entering our institutions of higher learn 1 n g each year. -

The National Merit Scholarship Corporation Is the larg

est single national agency currently awarding college scholarships. Approximately 500 of our one million Southern col 1 c g e students receive these awards each year. They bring about $1 million In funds, from the Ford and Carnegie foundations, to institutions of our region.

The extensive screening process used to select the Merit Scholars produces a pool of qualified candidates much larger than the number of scholars who are appointed. Many students for whom business and industry provide scr-olarshlps are chosen from this group of amply qualified runners up.

Including these, business and Industry provided at least $17/ million annually In this form'* of student assistance nationally. about $4 million to the South. But much of this is restricted to employees children, General Motors and West-Inghouse Electric lead in this field.

State governments are beginning to play a bigger role each year In the college scholarship scene. A 1959 - 1960 survey showed that only 11 states in the natiwi were giving some form of schol^shlp assistance to superlor'^tud-ents. Now several South e r n states provide some measure of general scholarship aid.

These include Louisiana, Maryland. Oklahoma, Tennessee and Virginia. They earmark about $1.75 million annually for this cause.

In the past most state aid has gone to students in specialized, critical fields like teaching, medicine, dentistry and nursing. Florida, for example. gives over 400 nursing scholarships and West Virginia, some 100 teacher training scholarships each year.

Recipients of such aid are usually required to pursue their vocation in their state of residence for a certain time or re-pay the loan.

One of the most striking aid programs ever invented was the Federal G. I. Bill. Proposals for renewed programs of Federal scholarship assistance are pending in Congress and it is safe to predict that we shall hear much more about this In the coming months.

The Daily Reflector

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Now that the Senate has wound up the wtek.s-long debate on the question of whether to debate the civil rights measure, the months-iong debate on the controversial bill begins.

On the Senate floor, the House-passed measure will push aside all other legislation for a considerable length of time. President Johnson has said there will be no compromise on the bill passed by the House. Members of the Southern bloc in the Senate are just as determined that the House-passed measure will not be endorsed by the Senate. It- is also apparent that some provisions of the bill are opposed by Senators from other parts of the nation as well.

These factors assure t4^ihings; 1. There will be a filibuster of considerable length against the bill; and 2. there is little likelihood that the administration will be able to marshal sufficient support in the Senate to impose a gag rule any time soon, if at all.

So the legislative tug-of-war begins. It seems certain that the, measure will not be passed unless compromises are reached with regard to such controversial sections as the public accommodations and employment provisions. Opposition to these particular provisions is by no means confined to Senators or citizens from the South alone. Also to be considered is the fact that there is no hard and fast party line in the po.sitions taken by members of the Senate with respect to the civil rights measure.

Although both sides have^firmly asserted there is no room for compromise of the measure, the history of the legislative process in the Senate strongly suggests that somewhere along the line compromises will be hammered out.

If compromises are not reached, the Senate will be stalled indefinitely on the civil rights measure. Other legislation will come to a standstill. In spite of its .strong assertions about passage of the bill intact, the administration cannot afford to have consideration of all legislation sidetracked for Ihe remainder of this election year.

By ART BUCHWALD

Puff,

3ut Dont Inhale

Debate Involves

rhe AMA, Too

T

By WILLIAN A. SHIRES

STORM Controversy within the medical profession itself about the official stand of the American Medical Association (AMA) on the matter of cigarette smoking has been building for weeks.

It is now In the open. The gathering storm became supercharged during recent heaiings by the Federal Trade Commission iFTC) on whether tn require warning labels on cigarette pack.s.

AMA refused to .support his government labeling proposal. The storm broke, an AMA is now being charged openly with being derelict in its duty and obliquely with playi n g politics.

The open charge, triggering the stomi, came from a leading anti-smoking advocate. Dr. Alton Oschner of New Orleans,

It was the first public criticism of AMAs pasition from within the medical profession although it Is recognized that many physicians and cancer scientists support Oschners views. Oschncrs comment* came in reply to a newsmans question at a panel session of the American Cancer Societys seminar in Palm Beach Shores,

AMA AMA fired right back from Chicago with a statement by Dr. F. I. L. Blaslngame, AMA executive vice president.

Blaslngame said Oschn e rs opinion that all the answers on tobacco and health are now available "is an extreme viewpoint which is not universally shared.

He pointed out that three of the five members of a committee of scientists directing AMAs Education and Research Foundation were members of the Surgeon Generals advisory committee on smoking and health.

While the Surgeon Generals committee concluded that smoking is a health hazard. Blas-ingame said the three members participating in the AMA re.search project "agree with many other scientists that numerous questions about the relationship of tobacco smoke and health remain unanswer-ed "

For example. Biasing ame said, no one knows whether tobacco smoke Is a direct cause or a*iriggering agent of lung cancer. He added, "we believe it Is vitally important to find out if passible exactly h o tobacco smoke does affect health

RULES A.MA obiects to the proposal for health warnings on tobacco labels and In tobacco advertising. Blasing-ame said. "Ix'caii.se such regulations will answer no prhlems and offer no protection for the piillions of citizens who will rontinue to smoke regardless of such action.

He said that O.schner and others "who .share his opinion are reallv advocating that an acency of the federal covern-ment be granted the peer to try to de.stroy an eight billion

dollar industry on the exreme theory that the American people need to be protected from themselves in the matter of smoking.

Instead of such restrictions and regulaUons which t h e AMA spokesman said could later be used as preced e n t for similar intrusion in other areas of natioi^ life, AMA supports further research and investigation and a program of education and information espet cially among young people.

OSCHNER Oschner, in a counter-charge, called the AMA statement double-talk designed to Justify the untenable position of the AMA toward cigarette smoking.

He said AMA was proposing a delaying action.

Oschner, who is director of surgeiT at Oschner Foundation Hospital and president of the Alton Oschner Medical Foundation, was a pioneer in linking the increa.se in lung cancer to cigarette smoking.

He is a non-smoker. During the same seminar panel at which he served as chairman. Oschner was asked to call for a show of hands in the audience of those writers and medical reporters who had quit smoking. About 15 raised their hands. He a.sked how many still smoked and about twice as many hands were raised.

"Too many, Oschner said. He told the audience that cigarette smoking is a health issue and I think that doctors ought to be taking the lead In doing .something about it. POLITICS No one would be quoted publicly on it, but many of the cancer researchers who support Oschner's views feel strongly that AMAs stand is influenced by politics.

They point out that AMA Is engaged in a massive political struggle against socialized medicine and such legislation as the medicare bills now pending in Congress. These critics of the AMA position are charging privately ath AMA wants to win the support and votes of members of Congress from the tobacco states.

SANFXIRD - Whatever the reason or to w hat extent. AMAs position closely parallels that of the tobacco states, among which North Carolina is a leader. Gov. Terry Sanford, in his te.stimony before the FTC. said a massive research attack on the cause and cure of cancer "Is long overdue.

"The problem is not cigarette .smoking alone: It Is the cause and cure of cancer," Sanford said.

He added, all that is asked to whom tobacco Is a livcll* hood is that our product not be libeled and our livelihood put in jeopardy when no one yet ha.s the facts, and the search for .scientific proofs is yet under wav

Sanford .said the AMA said theie .should be no mlsunder-.standing about tjl^e concern for health Sanford added. If-to-(ConUnued on Page 6)

It is very rare that a minority can win a battle for freedom overnight. But weve seen it haiwen right here in the United States. The minority were talking about are the cigar smokers of America, of which we happen to be a member. Up until recently cigar smokers were treated as lepers. We were insulted by hostesses, pushed around by airline stewardesses, held in contempt by children, and persecuted by our wives.

Even the movies gave cigar smokers a bad image. Only crooked politicians and gangsters smoked cigars In films. But despite the persecution we cigar smokers stuck to our 'guns, or whatever other people called them. Many limes we had to choose between cigars and people and we always chose cigars, because they lasted longer and we could enjoy them more.

It was a lonely life, but we pursued it for the plea.sure it gave us. If youre going to have a vice, it might as well be one that society doesnt approve of.

And then It happened. The Surgeon - Generals report on cigarettes was issued and all of a sudden cigar smokers were in and cigarette smokers were out. Cigar smoking, the S. G. report said, had little effect on cancer and cigar smokers were slated to live much longer than cigarette smokers.

.Overnight people w'ho would have nothing to do wilh us before sought us out and asked, Would you teach me how to smoke a cigar?

Don't inhale, jerk, we would scream in the first lesson. Just puff. f But how can you smoke without inhaling? was the Inevitable question.

When you smoke a cigar, you smoke a cigar, youre going for oral satisfaction, not for smoke in your lungs.

It was hard work, but we taught many cigarette smokers how to puff a cigar.

Not only were we sought after as a cigar - smoking teacher, but suddenly we were In demand socially. Hostesses would introduce us by saying, I want you to meet Mr. Buch-

wald. He .anoked cigars before the Surgeon-Generals report came out.

People were Immediately Impressed and several gsked for our autograph for their children.

Puffing happily on a Corona we tried to act modestly.

Its really nothing. I had a feeling about cigarettes when I was 10 year.sold. The kids in the neighborhood used to smoke cigarettes behind the railroad track and I noted they started coughing. It occurreii to me that there was a correlation between cigarettes and coughing. So at 10 years old I started smoking cigars.

The best part of being a cigar smoker is that women are now smoking cigars and w^ere constantly being approached by beautiful women at parties who say, My. your cigar smells (Continued on page 12)

Strength

Other Eiditors Saying...

For To(day

Bureaucracy Moves

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

The ridiculous lengths to which .some forces will go to attain equilization for the minorities of this country can be seen in the action of the Illinois Fair Employment Practices Commission. As the Greensboro Daily News points out, the decision by the Illinois FEPC offers a fitting demonstration of the potential booby ttaps in portions of the federal civil rights bill now before Congress.

Specifically, what the Illinois agency did was to order Motorola. Inc., to stop subjecting its applicants to its overall ability test because the test is, according to the commission, unfair to culturally deprived and disadvantaged groups. Meaning Negroes.

As explained by the company giving the test, its objectives certainly are not to exclude Negroes or anyone else but to help evaluate the training potential of a praspective employe. We see nothing wrong with that. And we have to sympathize with the company in its efforts to vindicate its standards for employment by going all the way to the Supreme Court if need be. Motorola said:

The question at hand Is whether an employer in Illinois Is going to be permitted to set the educational, moral and aptitude standards for Its employes. or whether the state will

dictate the standards.

And that statement gets to he very heart of the problem, for in the lUlinois FEPCs effort to dictate standards for private industry, we see a threat to free enterprise, and a question of whether industry will set its own high standards, or whether government will set them for industry.

As the Daily News notes further: The federal fair employment practices commission, envisioned in the current civil right bill before Congress, would incorporate the same kind of nonsense.

And the Chicago Tribune, in commenting on the fanta.stlc decision by the Illinois FEPC, noted that it could presage the time when any test acceptable to the FEPC would be one which brought out no distinction whatever among competing applicants. How then is an employer to develop any basis for making a choice in hiring? One reason for the traditional success and spirit of American entei^rise in the field of industry Is the high standard Imposed for workmanship, skills and quality. So-called inequalities and differences in environment cannot be taken into account by free enterprise. Standards must be met. If they are not met, then private business will soon descend to the levels of efficiency usually found in bureaucratic government.

. tumble

Side Of

Mac

Bv EARL L. DOUGLASS WHAT DO YOU THINK?

Christianity has failed.

Really? What makes you say that? This question, directed to thousands of people very cynical about the church and religious matters in general would probably bring forth some such answer as this: We have had 2,000 years of Christianity, and the end Is a world - wide war scare and the threat of extinction by the atomic bomb. There is just as much sin in the world now as there has ever been. Tow thousand years of Christian teaching and influence and look at the world today.

You recall that when an evangelist was heckled at a public meeting he answered this .statement by saying to the heckler: Yes we have had water In the world for millions of years, and look at your face. If Christianity has failed simply because Its re.sults have not been perfectly satisfactory, then medicine has failed, for the world Is still full of sick people. Government has failed, for the world is still full of sick people. Government has failed, for there are many unruly and law - breaking people In the world today, and much corruption in high places. Education has failed, for there Is still much ignorance In the world.

Christian truth Is perfect, but God has seen fit to leave the application of this perfect truth In the hands of a lot of us who are imperfect persons, and the result te far from satisfactory. Christianity has not failed: we have failed.

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1964, King Peaturet Syndicate, Inc.

It was back la 1953. I had been working with General Charles Willoughby, MacAr-thurs chief Intelligence offkser from Bataan to North Korea on a seemingly interminable job of making a trim book out of the siHjaUed MacAriur histories. a heterogeneoua G-2 survey of the _ Pacific war which had been brought home from Tokyo la heaveai-knowis-how-many bulging footlockers. We were due at the Waldorf-Astoria In New York for a go-over of our draft manuscript with MacArthur, who had been promised a look at the final product.

What surprised me waa the humorwis humility of the great man. We had Incorporated in the book a goodly number of hitherto unpublished papera written by MacArthur himself. They were brilliant bits of rhetoric, done for the most part in the first perswi. MacArthur pondered them, and made his decision. He must - do them over again in the third person. This involved cooslderabla legerdemain, for whenever it came to describing himself ho had to Invent an eye witness to what he looked like and felt like as he wao scanning the scarred face of Corregidor for the last time or going aboard a PT boat en route to Australia. MacArthur wanted it this way, for ho didnt want to spangel Willoughbys boirft with a stream of Is. It was not -a good decision from the standpoint ol sales, of course, but we couldnt do anything about it. The papers were ours on his terms.

After a discussion of details, the talk wandered to the question of rhetoric in general. MacArthur, with a twinkle in his eye, said. When you are addressing large numbers, you have to be a bit of a ham. In this room we can be more Informal.

He want on. Informally, to talk about politics. The conversation turned to the question of rhetoric in general. Mac-MacArthur had no use for the modem Left. But a look erf fond reminiscence came into his eyes, and he embarked on what waa to us a wholly unlocked for discourse on tho virtues of the pre-World War I type of American progressive. He praised old Bob La PoUette, he Wisconsin Senator, in particular. Recalling that the Mao-Arthur family had come from Milwaukee (his father, Arthur MacArthur, had served In a Wisconsin regiment in the Civil War;, MacArthur remarked that Fighting Bob La-Follette and his followers had been engaged hi an effort to save the American way of lie. They were not against business; they were only against a monopoUsic perversion of business.

And at this point MacArthur made some observations about the virtues of decentralization and the American political system that is designed to keep any dictator from seizing power bi Washington.

The irony of the situation has often xome back to me whenever 'I read a book such as Pail Safe or see a movie such as Seven Days In May. Here, on the one hand, we have our novelists and movie script writers concioctlng wildly melodramatic plots which feature military men who are either madly obse.ssed with a lust for power or just plain mad. They often hint that the Imperious figure of Douglas MacArthur has served them as a take - off point for their speculations. But MacArthur, In common with every other general of pre-World War I origin that I have ever talked with, had been thoroughly Indoctr^-ated with the theory of the American Republic by whoever taught history or political science in the old days at the Point. The actual character of military men like MacAr-thiir is what makes a Fascist march to power by the military in the United States a complete absurdity.

MacArthurs father brought the institution of habeas corpus to the Philippines In 1900, and forty - five years later Mao-Arthur himself saw to !t that habeas corpus became an Integral part of the new Japanese constitution. This, as be fContlnued On Page )

Chain Buying Practices Eyed

By ELMER ROESSNKR Here are more things sighted over the business horizon:

Supermarket investigation Is about to be initiated by the Federal Trade Commission. It will try to deteiTnine If chain buying policies constitute unfair trade practices. Complaints have been made that chains have fixed prices for Wyoming cattle, Califor n 1 a canned foods,. Texas tomatoes and Alabama poultry

Instant grapefruit juice is coming to market. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Florida Citrus Commis s i o n have drveloprd a powder that combines with water Instantly. It will soon be in severel test areas.

Keercation Ikmiih Is sure this .summer. Higher incomes, lower taxes and longer vacations will make a record certain. Tip: If you havent made confirmed vacation reservat Ions, try immediately Even now it may be too late.

NOT ENOUGH SKILLED MEN

labor shortages in the building and construction trades will result from business plans to spend $43 billion for new plants* and equipment this year. There is comparatively little unemployment in the ski 11 e d branches of these trades now and a sharp rise may make stringencies so great that some of the w'ork may have to be postponed until 1965.

.Stretch cotton shirts and slack.*: for men will be put on the market before summer by at least three companies. By fall a dozen finns may offer them, plus underwear, sports jackets and hunting jackets. Stretch cotton is no new that most Interested companies are still testing it.

and health policies by both private and niMiprofit companies will get attention.

METAL PRICES TO RISE

Nonferrous metals excitement is not yet over. Recent rises in prices of copper, aluminum, silver, tin, zinc and tdtanium will not be the end. There will be some ri.ses socm, more later. Reason: world wide demand is still rising.

This will be an FI year in flower seeds. There are hybrids usually more uniform in size and more vigorous than others. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is recommend 1 n g them for more and better flowers. Tip: Dont save the seeds from FI hybrids. They won't

neck. They send a currenl cf one-milli(ith of an ampere through the head, said to induce natural sleep quickly.

Cheaper crude oil will come. Prices have dropped recently, but suiH>lies remain high and new cuts are sure.

grow.

Over;65 insurance W'ill be tn-vcstigafed by a subcommittee headed by Senator Pat McCar-ran <D., Tex.i before Congre.4s adjourns, possibly startingpext niontii. Mail order accident

An electronic sleep-inducer is a hit in France and will' .*:oon be marketed here. The gadget, powered by flashlight hatterios. ha.*: pa*;itlve electrodes that attach over the eye; lids and negative electrodes that attach to the back of the

OLD PROMOTER DEVISES EASY-OUT CATSUP BOTTI.E I have solved one <rf tho worlds problems, the Old Promoter announced today. I have designed a catsup bottle with a wide mouth. Its easy to get every bit of catsup out without shaking, banging or standing on your head.

Hold It! I said. Such catsup bottles have been tried but for some reason housew Ives simply wont buy them. They seem to think that, unless the stuff Is hard to get out. It Isnt catsup and they wont buy it.

Theyll buy my catsup, said the Ancient One. It is made with three per n t peach brandy.