Tuesday, March 17, 1964

Greater Obligation On The Press

The decision of the U. S. Supreme Court last . The new ruling of the court, however, does open

week afforded a greater protection to the press in its the way for greater efforts in pointing out shortcom-criticism of government officials, and at the same ings of officials without fear that the responsible ^ time the decision imposes upon the press of the critical voices will be silenced through the recovery nation a greater obligation to see that it does not of damages through the courts.

usurp its new-found rights. It is significant that this new privilege which

In effect the high court said that a newspaper i.s being granted the press and other citizens with , or a citizen does not have to be able to prove the respect to criticism of public officials is similar to truth of its criticism of a government official. Even that which the officials have enjoyed for years. A if the information on which criticism is based is mu(^ earlier decision of the Supreme Court had false, the crticism Is not libelous unless actual given^overnment officials immunity from damage malee can be proved by the plaintiff in a case. This suits/n their official acts, does not provide, legally, absolute immunty for any / J 12

criticism a citizen or a new.spaper w'ants to make a FOClUCQCL ?

against a public official; but it comes closed It provides for the public and for the greater latitude than heretofore has been included in * lOCOSS 1 A CHIT X X lul doci^ionR on such matters handed down by the court. Sentencing of Jack Ruby to death for the mur-

The very fact tnat it i.s no longer legally re- accused assassin of President Kennedy

Maybe We Need More Light, Not Less

quirod that a defendent in a libel suit be able to prove the truth of his criticLsm of a public official does not lessen the responsibility upon the press or upon individuals to have their facts straicrht before criticisms are made at government officials. Tf

closes another chapter in the startling story that has shaken this nation and has had reverberations throughout the world.

Notwithstanding vehement denounciation of the court, judge and jury by one of Rubys defense at-

cnticixm of public official.s i.s to be valid, if it is to the fate of Jack Rubv ha.s been pronounced

be constructive it mii.st be based on fact. A re.spon- jj^^oiigh the due proces.s of a fair trial. The evidence uhle pre.ss, and responsible citizens will continue to pi^.hted on the scales of impartial justice as

exert every effort to make sure thev have the facts at hand before they engage in leveling critical comments at those in government po.sitions.

i eiepnones iCeot Rinaino

Are

B.t WnXlAM A. SHIRES

RINGING The ph(Kies are ringing lustily ior the next governor of North Can^a.

Just visit any of the downtown hotel campaign headquarters. The typical campaign manager has one hand free to shake with visitors and .almost always has a telephone In the other.

His desk probably has several more telephones with 1 n reach and these and others scattered throughout the headquarters ring caistantly. It is a comforting, reassuring sound. "If they didn't ring, I'd be worrted, says one campaign manager.

"When the phones are ringing I know our people are working," he says, I shudder to think of trying to run a political campaign in this day and time without t e 1 e-phones.

PHONES The aver age campaign manager and his top aides spend four to six hours a day sometimes more --on the telephone.

They use the phone to get reports, organize, talk to campaign workers, local managers and supporters, issue directives, consult and give advice. make travel plans, raise funds and keep In touch with the touring candidates.

It is safe to say that use of the telephone and vari o u s telephone services in political campaigning will reach an all-time high this year. No flg-lues are available, but sheer volume of orders and use of the telephone already mak e s this evident.

USE -^-Some type.s of telephone service available to political candidates this year are relatively new.

For example, most of the tatewlde candidates are using wide area telephone ser vice WATS. These lines enable and allow unlimited outgoing calls within the state for a flat rate. A WATS line costs $.')00 a month plu.s the usual ten per cent federal excise tax.

Some of the headquar t e r s are using several of these WATS lines. These line.s are available full time or measured time.

By using area code and new dialing systems, a call may he placed anv-wbore In the state bypa.ssing the long distance switchboard operat o r s and completed as quickly as a local call.

CALLS Conference call

service al.so Is being u.sed. As many as 14 stations may be hooked on for a conference call enabling two - way conversations between people In this many places. This permits quick conferences to coordinate strategy and effort.

There is tie - line service which may be used to link offices in various parts of the state on a direct telephone line. Por example, a manager in Raleigh may pick up hi.s tie-line and talk instantly to headquarters In another city, such as Charlotte. Asheville or Winston-Salem. There Is foreign exchange service which permits local dialing between any two cities,

A tele-lecture service is available for the use of candidates and campaign managers to address groups of w'orkers or supporters from another city. The candidate talks over any telephone and the group hears his voice amplified In the meeting room or auditorium. A roving microphone enables workers to ask the speaker questions.

SERVICES Some of these new services are either already in wide use or plans are being made to use them.

In addition, teletypewrit e r service, leased lines for press-services and other electronic communications methods have been in established u.se for a number of years.

Another relatively new Idea In political campaigning, although used to a limited extent in past election years. Is closed circuit television. Telephone credit card use for long distance calling is convenient, time-saving and simpll fies bookkeeping.

ESSENTIAL Use of telephoning In political campaigns apparently Is not only essential insofar as the candidates and their staffs are concerned. it Is equally important in press coverage.

Newspapers rely heavily on telephone communications to keep in touch with political developments In their areas, to conduct polls to ascertain voting trends and voter .sentiment and. of course, telephoning reaches a peak on elect 1 o n night when returns pour in to collection and tabulation centers,

Prom now through most of the year ahead, alwut the only time the phones will stop ringing will be on the day aL ter the election, when the returns are in and coiuiled.

The Daily Reflector

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prescribed by the fundamental law of the land, and the verdict rendered accordingly.

Although the decision may appear brutal to some citizens, it stands in stark contrast to the law-les.snesR that set off the chain of events which led Ruby before the court. There wa.s the act of the .self-designed assa.ssin who took the life of the President J8S he rode through a Dallas street. And there was the act of Ruby, who took into his own hands the task of executing the man accused of slaying the President without allowing the normal course of justice to be follow'ed.

On the basis of the evidence, the court found Ruby to be legally sane at the time he took the life of Lee Harvey Oswald in the basement of Dallas (dty Hall. And on the basis of the evidence the jury determined that Ruby should pay the supreme penalty for the premeditated murder of the man.

The case now goes through the channels of appeal which undoubtedly will carry it through the higher courts of Texas and eventually through the federal courts to the highest tribunal of the land. It remains to be seen whether the decisions made in the trial court will be upheld through the appeals.

Whatever the ultimate outcome, Rubys fate will be pronounced through the established system of justice; not by one or more individuals who decirle to take the law into their owm hands.

Harder

line Is

By HAL BOYLE

What's In An Irish Name?

B

RxDounds

On Stewardship

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Nobody can get mad at President Johnson lor what he said in a, television - radio interview Sunday. He saw to that. He said he wanted to be a "peoples president."

He spent an hour assuring as many as possible about his stewardship, even to mentioning how he has the lights turned off in the White House closets to .save money.

Would - be Republican presidential candidates have been critical of him, when not criticizing one another, though some times they seem to be stretching hard to find something to hit him with.

So far he ha.snt given them much excuse for criticism. Since he succeeded President Kennedy he has carefully said and done all the popular things, even to the point of some times sounding corny.

Again Sunday night he was restrained and pleasant about the Republicans, which Is exactly what could be expected from a politician as good as Johnson.

At this particular time theyre not hurting Johnson, although they may be hurting one another, and the polls show he is doing fine with the public.

So there wouldnt be much political sense in wasting shots oil the small m(^ of would-be candidates now miUing around. He can go on the offensive next summer after the Republicans finally pick their candidate.

Rut there is somcilung ebe to be remembered in Johnsons avoidance of direct personal a.s-saults. This Is exactly in the tradition of Presidents Kennedy and Eisenhower who found it a highly successful teclmique.

A.s a re.sult of questiou.s asked liim aiwut his immediate problems in taking over after Kennedy s a.ssa.ssination., John-.son was able to prci>ent a picture of himself as a tirele.^ president who doesnt need or doe.sn't get much sleep.

He said he works at a "feverish rate." As for actual new.s. there wasnt much.

But It was ner the end of his Interview that Johnson ga\ e an insight into how he plays all

the political angles, at home and abroad. This involves French President Charles de-Gaulle, although De Gaulle wasnt mentioned.

Johnson talked of the meeting called here today with Latin American ambassadors from the Organization of American States, along with American ambassadors to Latin America called home for this occasion.

The subject; better cooperation between this country and its southern neighbors. At this meeting Johnson will make a major speech on Latin America. He didnt mention this Sunday night. It had been announced before.

But he makes this speech just as De Gaulle arrives in Mexico, part of his campaign to spread French influence in Latin America. His arrival, and anything he says, will make headline all over Latin America.

He would have had them to himself if there had been no Johnson speech. Now he will have to share the headlines with the President. Some of the edge and even the purpose of his visit will be blunted.

ODiniony

In

3rief

"The US. goverimient has never been able to obtaii) an adequate supply of really competent American.s to hold its top and even its medium-level jobs. It ought to organize a national 'talent hunt for men and women of ability who could handle key posts in Washington. and overseas." 'The Asheville iN.C.) Citizen.

"If you are poorwork. If you are rich continue to work. If you are burdened with seemingly unfair responsibilities work. If you are happy keep right on working Biloxi-Oulfport (Miss.) Daily Herald.

Strength For Today

By HAUL L. DOlGI.AS.S

THE POWER OK WORDS

There ls nothing on this planet of ours moie powerful than word.s. The opening chapters of the Bible point this out by saying that by the mere utterance of words Gold caused the earth and ihe heavens to be born. He.^ said, "Let there be. . and' the thing He indicated was achieved

The Old and New Testaments are not of gigantic length, yet the words of the Bible have had more effect upon the life of the world than has any circumstance that has ever happened to humanity The words of*- Jesus have Hansiormed men\s thinking. Before Jesus. Aristotle, Socrates and Plato were destined to influence hn-niai,i thought and Ijehavi o r through the ages Anri ivore .Je.sius, the prophets thrnuph Iheir messages made an inde

lible impression upon the human race.

The "I do" murmured by a man and woman standing be-lore the altar lays the foundation of a castle of infln 11 e tx'auty, or a dimgeon of darkness and suffering. World nilers have .sometimes uttered just a few words and a new age began. The Magna Charta of 1215 hanged and secured liberty for the English speaking people. The Declaration of Indepen-dence-^a brief paperhad a profound effect upon human history. "Unconditional .surrender in the past war brought on a gory harvest that we are not sure even yet was for the best.

Words, words the power of words. They heal, they release energy, they wound and kill, they build empires and tear them down.

W'ords. woid.s the power of words. ^

NEW YORK (AP) History is written in names.

If your mother came from Ireland, or your grandmother or more of your familys names, want to know on this St. Patricks Day the origin of one or more of your familys names

Here are the meanings of some of the beter known names of the Irish race.

Barron a landowner who received his land from the king. Also, one who caused strife.

Boyle vain pledge.

'i^ublic Forum

TO THE EDITOR,

I wish to extend the "official board" of the St. James Methodist Church my sincerest and deepest thanks for informing me (and all other parents) that we are not responsible for the excessive, and average, consumation of "alcoholic beverages" among adults and minors, Im sure all of us are greatly relieved to be informed that WT were not, and are not, participants and contrib-utants to the alcholic situation and problem that now confronts us. It makes me the happiest of all to know, that now, I can inform my mother that newspapers < advertising alcoholic beverages) and offic-ials(twistin g my armi are solely responsible for her son being an "alcholic" for 20 years. Now she can sleep and rest in peace.

It is hard to realize, and believe, that supposedly intelligent citizens of this (or any-other) city and community can try to hide their participation, contributions, and guilt toward the alcoholic consumption problems. that now exists, by writ-ing such a letter of pure "hog-wash" and bologna to this new'spaper. The condensation of this paper and "officials being responsible for the alcoholic catastrophe that has befallen both adults and children, is the most personal "conscience easing "propaganda Ive ever heard or read. This must be the only way that some parents. Individuals, and pastors, have of trying to "ease their conscience of the guilt of neglecting their duties and responsibilities, they should have assumed years ago. to and for their children, com-cunity. and most of all. to theni-selves. I know of no newspaper or "official that has ever been lax in "curbing and controlling problem drinking, especially among minors and teenagers. At least no newspaper owner (or editor), or A. B. C, (law enforcement official* of Greenvilel has officiated at the opening and "ribbon cutting ceremonies of one of Green-\'lies retail beer e.itabilsh-ments as riiri our highly paid, and esteemed, city manager,

stale senator, and associate pastor of our local Episcopal Church.

No pastor of any church can stand in the pulpit on Sunday, and read a 10 or 15 minute typewritten note, (for which they are paid from 10 to 15 thousand dollars a year), and expect either adult or child to refrain form committing the evils and sins of life, just as no parent can ask their children to abstain from the use of alcohol and stiU, themselves. keep quantities in their home, or stagger in with their "bellies souked to intoxication, and expect their children not to venture to try, and do the same.

This newspaper Is supported on advertising. It is true it advertises beer and whiskey alongside wearing apparel, but frcm the "scantily clad looks of some of our citizens, (especially during warm weather and the summer months) youd find it hard to believe that decent wearing apparel, providing decent coverage of the human body, is available to anyone, through newspaper advertising or othenvise.

Still harder to realize and be-live, is the fact, that for sev-erl years past, the "official board of the St. James Methodist Church has failed to notice, and write a letter to tl\e editor" about the parking, petting, Indecent exposure, and immoral conduct, that occurs both night and day in Green-spring Park, located practically in the front yaad of their church. All of this seems to be a socially accepted practice as far as theyre concerned. Our children of east Greenville and Colonial Heights are forbidden by us to go there because of' the immorality, which occurs, and for bringing home questionable objects.

Two years ago my 10 year old made a giant ".sling.shot out of a brasiiiere he found there. That was hu last time there to my knowledge. Neither the recreation or city officials have yet done anything toward closing this park to vehicular traffic and eliminating this situation. which is. a disgrace to (Continued On Page 5)

Brady spirited.

Brennan raven.

Brody morsel, fragment. Brogan sorrowful.

Bryant. Bryan, Brien hill. Burke dweller near the stronghold.

Cahill battle powerful. Callahan contention.

Cassidy curly haired. Cavanaugh comely.

Clancy ruddy warrior. Conant little hound.

Connors meddlesome, or high . willed.

Connell high or powerful. Corcoran purple.

Corrigan spear.

Cosgrove victorious.

Daly frequenter of assem-lic-s.

Deegan black head. Dennehy humane.

Devlin plasterer or dauber. Donahue brown battler. Dooley black hero.

Egan fire, i'agan rustic.

Fallon ruler.

FaireU super valor. Finnegan fair.

Fitzgerald son of the spear.

Flanagan little ruddy man. Flynn red - haii ed, ruddyfaced.

Fogarty the exiled man. Foley pluunderer.

Gallagher the foreign helper.

Gavin hawk of battle. Guilfoyle servant or devotee of St. Paul.

Harrigan champion.

Healey skillful or learned.

Hennessy one choice.

Hogan young.

Houlihan proud.

Kearney victorious In battle.

Keefe beautiful, gentle. Keenan ancient,

Kennedy head armor. Kerrigan black.

Kilpatrick servant of St. Patrick.

Leahy heroic.

McAuliffe ancestors relic. McAvoy yellow - haired lad.

McCabe the hooded one. McGrath, McGraw' grace or prosperity.

McManus great. McSweeney good going. Maguire light complexion. Mahoney bearlike church.

Nolan noble, famous. O'Donnell world mighty.

O Grady noble. Illustrious. OHalloran stranger from beyond the sea.

OHara bitter or sharp, O'Leary -- calf keeper. OReilly the sportive one. OSullican black - eyed, or one - eyed.

OToole people mighty.

Heara

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

.Copyright, 1964, King Feature* Syndicate, Inc. Something interesting Is happening In Washington: the advocates of a hard line In relation to Cuba and the Castro-ites attempted Communist subversion of Latin American no l(mger find their channels of communication to the W h i t House blocked, as they did during the aftermath (rf ih missile crisis settlement. And meanwhile, in London, U. S. policy planner Walt Whitman Rostow, the old symbol of "disengagement In the State Department, makes a speech to British businessmen breathing anything but a spirit ci disengagement vte-a-vls Cattro.

Whether this really represents a new Roistow is a i>olnt of contention among those who have kept close watch on his career since he left the field of Intematicxial studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to prepare position papers for the State Department. Rostow is. of course, ths author of a book that attempt* to give an luiderplnnlng in abstract economic theory to British Prime Minister Sir Aleo Douglas-Homes Idea that fat Communists are less menacing that lean ones. He has also been the State Department's leading theoretician in presenting the paradoxical notion J.hat the way to encourage freedom Inside the captive natiims In eastern Europe is to deal In a friendly way with their Soviet stooge governments. But the "new Rostow, asked to comment on Sir Alecs remarks about fat Communists, said: "The sources of aggression are far more complicated than that simplification. We had a fat Germany that gave us a very hard time.

Such a statement would lead one to believe that Rostow is beginning to wonder about the alleged virtues of "disengagement anywhere. His friends say that he always made a distinction between neutralist postures in faraway theatre* such as the Danube Valley and Formosa Strait and disengagement in close-up areas such as ths Caribbean Sea. "Rostow, aays one of these friends, "may have been for relaxing pressures against Communism In central Europe, where it would be difficult to use our power, but he has supported engagement in places where It would bo easier to employ our strength, such as in Cuba.

The significance ot the Rostow London speech Is that the so-called hard liner Inside the government have been unmuzzled. They are being permitted to cohere more or less openly around the figure of Thomas Mann, Lyndon Johiaons coordinator of affairs for Latin America.

As the top coordinator. Mann, of course, li^ns to all sides. But his most sympathetic ear is given to State Department employees who, prior to last December, were not letting the world know that they had any differences with the official line toward Latin America.

The unmuzzling of the hard liners may not lead to any satisfactory disposition of t h e Cuban menace tomorrow. For the truth is that Castro is getting stronger all the time. Th* news that filters In from Cuba, by way of monitored reports of Castroite Intra-govemment radio communications that mention such details as deliver oxygen to such-and-such a cave, Indicates that any slipshod planning of a new Invas-l(Hi would result In a disaster that would make th* Bay of Pigs look like a lost minor skirmish, Air cover for any anti-Castro Cuban Invasion of the island would have to reckon with ground-to-air missiles and a Soviet-trained Castroite air force. But at the very least the uiunuzzllng ot the hwd liners should guarantee that better use will be made of the plentiful information about the Soviet military build-up in Cuba, The Information about th* vSovlet military build-up in Cuba. The Information ha* always been there, but the difficulty has been to get it pro-crly collated for use by CIA and State Department higher-ups.

(Continued On Pag* I)

neasiness For Manufacturers

By ELMER ROESSNER

The Supreme Courts decision last week approving the copying of Items that were not patented has caused considerable uneasiness among many manufacturers. They have lost the protection of state laws that hold close imitation of competitors articles to be unfair competition.

Fairchild Publications said the rulings "appear to give the knock-off artist fi*ee rein in the market place."

A "knock-off artist" is'one \Uio copies the products of a competitor.

However, the ruling seems to be less disturbing than it appears at first glance. Every manufacturer has long known that if a product iS not patented or protected by design patents, state laws were of little protection. A knocker - offer, if that s the word, need only go to the next state and copy at will

OITSIDE L.S. LAWS A.NYWAY

However, neither state laws nor the patent law itself have over held the knock-oiit artist in cheek, a.s the Supreme Court and Fairchild Publicat i o n s i should know.

Hes a pirate, neither pure nor simple. Suppose you hit upon a wonderful invention, say an aerosol spray-on girdle. You patent It. And as soon as you can get it on the market, some knock-off artist produces the same thing, perhaps at a lower price, perhaps with a more romantic name.

So you hire lawyers like crazy and you sue like mad. Two years later you get fat

judgments. But the knock-off artist has disappeared, the corporations with which he operated have been collapsed and you can't collect a cent. But you Mill have to pay your lawyers.

That has happened many times and it will happen again, and the Supreme Court decision will neither protect you

nor leave you naked. TRADEMARK PROTECTION STILL EFFECTIVE

Under present patent laws, a patent protects the Inventor as long as he fights with his own money. Only under rare con-ditlwis wl be the .state or Federal government step in and

protect an inventor from iW-racy

Trademarking the name of a product, including inventions.

adds protection. There again, vigilance is required.

A knock-off artist who pirates both an invention and a trademark is in double jeopardy, but only if the Inventor acts fast. If the inventor doe not legally clobber the pirate who .steals his invention and, just as fast, conks the pirate who infringes on his trademark, his rights to hLs invention and the name of it may quickb be frittered away. The Sup reme Court can do nothing about it.

Prediction: With th* tax cut boom, bank looting*, both Inside and (Hit, wl set * new record this year. Ther** more there to grab.

mi MUST HAVE BEEN A PROSPEROUS YEAR

Confirmation of the fact that 1963 was a very prospero u s year comes frem Commerce Cleaiing House, which reports that robberies, burglaries and larcenies of banks hit a new high of 1.548, more than triple similar crimes in 1956.

A popular misconception is that bank robberies increase In recessions, and drop in good times. The contrary is true.

The number of pUferagcs and petty larcenies do. of course, iiicrca.sc during hard times, but the number of really big capers rises in good times. Explanation: temptations are biggce.

.SHORT & SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS

In a tax Jam? Fie* to Canada! The Canadian Supr*m* Court has affirmed previou* rulings that th* United States courts cannot use Canadian courts to collect U.S. t&xe*. . . WNBC, New Yoi^, Is going to talk around the clock. Under George Skinner, music, except in commercials. Is out. All programs will be talk, most with audience particlpiUlon via-phone-in. . .Thailand will harvest a record 1963-64 rice crw, tempting communist foraya. . . Grocery Manufacturers o America are exposing hundreds of American products to Lcmdtm-ers in the Spring Food Show ending Friday. Items range from canned clams to frozen onion rings, . .The British government has prohibited the use of ascorbic acid, erythor-bic acid, nicotinic arid, nicotinamide and any salt or derivative of thfse to maintain the color of fresh meat.