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Tuesday, March 3, 1964

The Other Side Of The Coin Aired

Oftn it is difficult for people to take a hard, objective look at their own community. It is difficult for them to recognize and acknowledge the communitys shortcomings while at the same time taking stock of its assets as well. Particularly is this true of an official body of local govement.

munity to the first step toward coping with these problems.

It would have been much easier for the committee to have written in its report only that this community of Greenville and Pitt County is a most delightful place in which to live. But such a

Unmistakable Credentials

CAN vou yORE RCALLV

THE GOVT. OF ^

It is gratifying, therefor, that the Greenvill report would have been of no value to the com-Good Neighbor Committee in its initial report has miinity. By pointing' out, as it did, the other side been able to establish Jts degree of objectivity. The of the coin as well, the committee has rendered a verbal picture the committee has paintd of the com- constructive service to the community, miinity in its first report has its pretty as well as its ugly rides. Most citizens, of course, prefer to look K

only at the pretty part of the community, ignoring AU j OUIXSXXX1X6 Jt OT

that which is shameful. But the Good Neighbor

Committee in its report offers a realistic reflection of D ATMl

the liabilities as well as the assets of this community. Xe UX^XXwUXX * Ux L y

There are some citizens who will be offended by

the fact that the committee report points out a num- After months of disappointment with one pro^

her of deplorable conditions that exist in this com- gubernatorial candidate after another. North

munity. They may assert that the committee report Carolina Republicans at last have found a ray of tends to give the community a black, eye. Realis- 8U*^hine in Robert Gavins decision to head his tically, however, the fact that deplorable condi- P***fy s state ticket again this year, tions exist here is what mav give the community a Although there are two other GOP candidates

black eye; not the fact that the committee has point- officially in the race for the partys gubernatorial ed to these conditions in its report. nomination, Gavin must be considered far and away

The first step toward the solution of any prob- the one most likely to get the nod. Both other can-lem is recognition that a problem exists. By for- didates are relative hew-comers to the Republican thrightly pointing out some of the problems which i North Carolina and are regarded as mav-

face this community; the committee has led the com-

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obiess riaures

By GEORGE HAGEDORN

One of the intriguing facets of the employment statistic! was recently highlighted in a Department of Labor study showing thst in May, 1963, about 3.9 million persons held two or more Jobs -- an Increase of 600.000 from the year ago estimate. By coincidence this study was released shortly after the monthly survey which put the number of unemployed as of mid-December, 1963, at SS million.

It would be easy to compare these two figures and conclude that moonlighting," as the practice of holding more than one Job is popularly called, contributes to unemployment, Union spokesmen, and others, have sometimes argued that the practice should be restricted or discouraged.

But this raises two questions. Firrt, the question of individual freedom: should the state for anyone else) Intervene to tell a person how many jobs he may hold? Second, the que.st-lon of fjict: would a re.strlct-lon on moonlighting actually Increase the number of em-plo.ved person.s?

The advocates of a limitation on multiple Job holding apparently give an affimiatl v e answer to both these questions. This seems to be based on the conception that there is Just a certain amount of work to be done. Hence, according to this view, job opportunities are limited and equity demands that

they should be rationed among the nations work force.

Actually, there is no end to human wants. The fact that so many individuals are willing to bear the strain of woiicing at a second Job for extra income proves this. Since the goods and services needed to supply these wante require labor in their production, there is no fixed amount of work to be done. The exlra income of the moonlighters creates the extra demand to match the additional CHitput they produce.

Unemployment, when it occurs, is due to artlfical interferences with the mechanism for balancing supply and demand in the labor market. It is not due to an inherent limitation on the amount of work to be done.

In a free society it is up to every individual to make the choice between work and leisure for himself. It is Just as outrageous to forbid an individual to work as long as he wants as it would be to compel him to take another Job when he is satisfied with the income he has earned from the first.

It Ls hoped that those holding a .second job are not to be subjected to disparagement and ha.stlly conceived legislat i v e proposals similar to those recently aimed at overtime work History recognizes that indivi-duaLs with more than normal ambition and energy have been a driving force in the development of our country.

ericks by party regulars.

If Gavins decision has brought smiles to Republican faces across the state, it has at the same time creased a few Democratic brows. Four j^ears ago Gavin, almost as an unknown, was the Republican gubernatorial nominee and polled 614,000 votes in the November election. It was not enough to win, but it amounted to the most serious threat the Republican party has made toward capturing the governors chair in North Carolina in this century.

In spite of the confidence the Democratic party has that it will carry North Carolina this coming November, leaders obviously can ill afford to take lightly the candidacy of an opponent who garnered 45.6 per cent of votes the last time out.

Groping Along 'n New Fields

A'tPkl' CAM RecpdNUze

you J

By HAL BOYLB

Strength For Today

By EARI, L. DOUGI.ASS

THE BIBLE AND DIVORCE

Human society Is built w the solidarity of the family. Throughout history there have been attempts to substitute some form of social cmitrol for the family. All these attempts have failed. The household created by love of a man and woman for each other and held together by this love and the responsibilities resting upon the adult members for support and love, add up to be the most important thing that we know about, in the whole of Gods universe.

The family is indlspenslble, and the sooner we awake to the existence at the center, the sooner we will become civilized people. There have been years when the number of divorce^numbered about 25 per cent of the marriages in

that year. When one - quarter of our marriages fall to such an extent that perman e n t separation is the result, then society is in a dangerous state.

Jesus spoke five times about divorce and every time he con-denrmed it. Twice he said that it was permissible if one pai-ty of the marriage union had committed adultery. Pauls statement about divorce in W'hlch he quotes Jesus is somewhat bewildering. although it is usually interpreted to mean that willful desertion is a Just cause for divorce.

Take both these causes (adultery and W'lllful desertion) and compare them with the thousand and one appeals made in our courts today for dissolution of marriage, and wre see how far society has retreated from the norm set up by the ChilsUan religion.

.......... -ghMbBBigiga

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) After 100 days in office President Johnson is still feeling his way: in foreign affairs, with C(hi-gress, with the press, and In his own reactlMi to cirticism.

He reached his 100th day Saturday but, while he searches, his standing In the public opinion polls is very high.

Johnson, an old Congress hand with 24 years in House and Senate, has seemed most sure with the men in the captol. and most successful. He sUH faces big tests there.

He got off on the right foot by prwnlslng economy and offering a budget lower than Jreident Kennedy's of last year. This pleased Congress, which rammed thi'ough a tax-cut bill for him, largest in history; and a foreign aid bill not too skimpy to live with.

A major test of Johnsons leadership with Congress will be in trying to get through intact the civil rights bill he asked.

He also called for a program of medical care for the aged and a war on poverty.

He will be a miracle man if he can get approval of medical care and the war on poverty will be long drawn-out.

Poreign problems multiplied for JohnsOT faster than for Kennedy in the same length of time: Riots in Panama, trouble with Fidel CastroIri Cuba, an ugly, deteriorating war in South Viet Nam.

John.son has shown extraordinary sensitivity to criticism.

Old Associations Often Decide Votes

The Daily Reflector

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(Goldsboro News-Argiis

North Carolina might well be called the land of ki&sing cousins unto the third and fourth and fifth cousins.

In North Carolina, also, one's contacts, relationships, associations and friendships often decide in political campaigns.

Take the race for governor.

Ben Lewis and his son. Graves, are staunch supporters and workers for Judge Moore. Ben Lewis and Judge Moore became fast friends while serving on the N. C. Water Resources Board.

Mrs. Vivian Whitfield of Wallace is on some official .staff for Moore. Her husband. Sen. Whitfield, had close and frequent converse with Judge Moore because Whitfield w'as chairman of the State Stream Sanitation Commission.

The Tom Robinsons are working for Judge Preyer. as might be expected. Mrs. Robinson's brother married into the Richardson family.

W. A. Dees, Jr., and Mrs.

Dees have been close friends with the Preyers since the wedding reception of the Preyers. Dees enthusiastically supports Preyer.

Powell Bland and Judge Preyer took each others measure as North Carolina classmates in the Harvard Law School. Bland waxes enthusiastic over his friend.

This writer leans to Preyer because he came to value him while Preyer w^as chairman of the N. C. Citizens Committee for Better Schools and this writer was vice chairman.

Many of Dr. I. Beverly Lakes most enthusiastic backers were among students in Dr. Lakes law classes at Wake Forest College. And many more were friends of the Raleigh attorney through the family. Dr. Jimmy Lake, his father, was a popular professor of Physics at the Baptist college.

Sen. Robert Morgan of LU-lington, who was a manager for Lake four years ago, grew to admire him very much as a student under him.

ODinions In Brie::

If members of Congress would adopt a mandatory retirement age for themselves at the same time they Increased their salaries, the nation might get a good bargain. Charlotte Observer.

taxes as he formerly got in wages. Mattoon (111.) Journal-Gazette.

"A man can dream in this world and dreams come before reality. One may know in his heart the way his garden will look come August. But now in" Winter he can study the catalogues and make resolutions that will last a little longer than those he made on January first. Ottawa Journal.

Federal health officials will study Tar Heel air samples. And will find no doubt, in view of our present political alUia-tion, that most of the samples are hot.The Raleigh Times.

Unquestionably there is progress. The average American pays out twice as much in

'Tlie education profession w'ould do well to ccmcentrate in getting the individual Into the right training or educational bracket for post-high school work. Too much puffing up the idea of going to college is a disservice to the unqualified student as well as to colleges," The Atlanta JournaL

ust Enjoy That Dream

although it got under other presidents skins too. But Johnson reacted to it early in such an exaggerated way that this got him more criticism.

Several weeks ago he was so incensed at his critics of whom Rejmblicans were the severest that he bracketed them with our other enemies. This could be interpreted as meaning that criticizing him was disloyal.

After he got a fresh going-over for-that, he shifted ground and last week was calling for patient understanding of h i s critics.

Ever since taking office John-s(h seems to have been seeking a I way to handle the press. He would talk with newsmen individually or call a sudden news conference with the few reporters who happened to be In the White House at the time.

But for 100 days he avoided the kind of live, televised news conference which Kennedy, with his ease and quickness, made a delight even if it wasnt always newsworthy.

For a month, until Saturday, Johnson did not meet with the press at all. The questions intensified: Why? On Saturday he finally had a live, televised meeting with a pack of reportei-s, a meeting announced a day ahead of time.

^ He did not .say much. He talked mostly in generalities. And he made it clear this kind of conference was not going to be the. rule. He, said he would hold one occasionally but meanwhile would talk to reporters in other ways.

NEW YORK (AP) Curbstone comments of a Pavement Plato:

There are two kinds of goals In this world those you do something about, those you dont.

It is the goals you try to achieve that often turn life into a nightmare. It is the goals you only daydream about that sometimes give you your greatest satisfaction.

Everyone has ambitions he prefers to pursue more in phantasy than in real life. They are a portion of childhoods

wonderful world of make-believe that we carry over into adulthood and help keep us young.

Sometimes these desires are spoken. Sometimes, for fear of being ridiculed, we hide them in a ^cret comer of the heart. And whether such dreams come true is really unimportant.

I have a friend whose hobby for more than 30 years has been trumpet playing. During all that time he has entertained a dream to give a solo concert in Carnegie Hall.

I dont want to make any

Other E(ditors Saymg. After Each Census

(Washington Daily News)

Sometime ago when North Carolinians were discussi n g the Little Federal plan, defeated at the polls, we also talked in terms of the makeup of the North Carolina General assembly as now constituted.

What we tend to forget is that after the 1970 census Is made, another redistrict i n g process will be underway. After each census in the future the legislature of our state will be redistrcited.

After the 1970 census is made, It Is quite possible that several legislative changes wlU be made. And we would have to suppose now- that when they are made, it will mean thai Eastern North Carolina will lose further membership in the governing body of our state.

If we in the East lose, it can only mean that the Piedmwit area of our state will gain. The North Carolina senate has 70 members and the lower house has 120 members. The lower house apportions one member to each county regardless of population and the other 20 seats go to the counties according to popula-tici.

In 1970 when the complete census figures for our state are known, the population will be divided by 70, the number of senate seats, and the resulting figure will be the quotient or the average figure on which one senate seat will be based.

In areas that continundose population such a systenf^dan mean only one thingrf Can mean only that in area size, our senate district.s w'ill become larger and larger. Instead of five counties as there are now In our senate district, it is quite plausible for us to

think in terms of six or seven counties in our district.

And what we lose here in Eastern North Carolina surely will be picked up in the Piedmont area. Instead of Mecklenburg having three state senators, after the next census it probably will have four. Guilford, Forsythe, and some of the other more populous counties might well add another senator.

What it looks like now is that within 20 or 30 years the Eastern representation in our state legislature will be small indeed. We seem to be undergoing that phase of losing population, and unless something happens to tum the tide, our political voice in the years ahead will be weak indeed. Of course, all of us keep hoping that well undergo that industrial revolution here in Eastern North Carolina that will reverae the trend.

Here fai our own immediate area we see a ray of hope in our phosphate prospects. We keep hoping that this Industry will develop to such an extent that our economy will be boosted ccKisiderably and that <Hir population downw^ard spiral wrill reverse itself. What we need is to have opportunities here so that our young people can come back home. We can solve a lot of (wr political difficulties here at home if we can only have the economy to entice our young people to come back.

We can hope aU we wish, but we still must work hard at Improving ourselves and our economy.

We know what our political picture will be until 1970. After that we cannot say definitely. We can only point to signs and to predictions. And they are not very kind to us.

money out of my concert, he says. I dont even want tickets to be sold not even as a charity benefit. I want to rent the haU with my own money, and invite only the people I want to be there fellows like fiatchmo An-strong. Miles JDavis, A1 Hlrt and Harry James, people who know an honest trumpet when they hear one\

I dont even\want any other instrument lousl||g up t h e background. I just want to stand up there in that big spotlight and blow my brains' out on that trumpet for three hours.

Intermittently, this f r1 e n d goes back and takes fresh lessons to keep his lip sharp. But over three decades, hes as bad as he ever was.

There is no chance whatsoever he will give a concert in Carnegie Hall. If he did. hed set jazz music back half a century, But hes happy with his dream.

I have another friend whose ambition is to beat to a pulp the lieutenant he served imder in World War n, a wish common to many ex-enlisted men.

Actually, hed do no such thing. If he did meet up with his old looey, theyd be back-slapping each other in five minutes and talking about what a great war they had together. Meanwhile, he enjoys his harmless revenge dreams.

I have one of these, self-tranquilizing aspirations.> too. Its to wTite the great American novel.

Had this goal since I was 12. Started to W'rite it a thousand times. Never got beyond t h e first paragraph. After the opening sentence, I start daydreaming about how Ill sell 10 million copies, sell it to the mviles for $5 million and

* Why wear your mind out trying to write a book that may turn out to be lousy, when I can just sib there and 'enjoy spending dream money? So the rest of the page stays blank.

Dreams are best while'^they remain but hopes.

Quote

Amidst the reported Washington run on those big, Texas-style hats, there are at least two facts to remember: The 10-gallon type neither fits nor looks weU on the one-gallon head: and, there are political rabbits enough being taken out without making the premises more commodious. Nashville Banner.

Fuzzy Expert

Views

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN Copyright, 1964, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Roger Hilsman, the man who inadvertently gave Presid e n t de Gaulle the opening to extend French recognitiim to Red China, has resigned his poei-tion of Assistant Secretary of State for Par Eastern Affairs to go into university teaching, and the change raises several points about the flow of so-called expertise backward and forward between government ,and the educational world.

In one sense, Hilsman is a sacrifice to the need for a new wigwag in the semaphore code which the Administration must necessarily use to show that we disapprove ' of de Gaulle and do not mean to be pushed out of South Cet-nam. Rilsman, in a couple of speeches, had virtually promised 'a neutralization policy in Asia. He made the implied promise contingent upon "good behavior on the part of Red China./While this forecast no Imm^ate shift in U.S. Par Ea.^m policy, It was enough to ^ve de Gaulle the idea th?it w'e were tired of the struggla against the Communist! in South Vietnam and Laos.

Despite the exchange of complimentary references between Hilsman and President Johnson that accompanied the resignation, the Inference is obvious; LBJ had to stop the (neutralization talk about South Vietnam lest the anticommunist front collapse in Saigon. But Roger Hilsman certainly never made policy in the State Department by himself. Even as Hilsman was getting ready to go, the head of the Department. Dean Rusk, was making a speech to the International Unltm of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers which, for its obliviousness to both the theory and history of Marxist behavior, surpassed anything that Hilsman had every put forward.

Rusk, In an effort to Justify the catastrophe of the wheat deal with Soviet Russia wnlch pulled the plug on our efforts to Isolate Fidel Castros Cuba, made elaborate distinct ions between friendly and unfriendly Marxist nations. But even as Rusk was talking, Chibans in Florida were present i n g more and more evidence to the FBI that the Russians were continuing to arm Fidel Cas^ tro. With Nikita backing Fidel, the Rusk distinction between friendly and unfriendly Marxists must seen incredibly innocent to anybody with a diplomatic IQ of, let us say, 105. Criminal law, it might be observed, considers that the man who knowingly hsmds a loaded weapon to a ruffian bent on depredations is an accessory before the fact of law-breaking. The State of Massachusetts executed Bartolomeo Vanzetti for behaving as Khrushchev behaves now.

All of which brings us around to the university expertise that is fed into the State Department and which, in tum, goes back to college campuses. For years it was Owen Lattimore and his clique of mis - named Par Eastern experts who dominated the academic view of Marxism in Oriental dress. The Lattimore guff about Mao T.se-tung's Jeffersonian agrarianism was eventually discredited by events. But the soft view of Marxism has continued to hold academ i c sway In subtler terms.

The Walt Rostow idea that a Marxist country must prove amenable once it has reached a take-off place in economic development is merely a sophisticated version of British Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas Homes unfortun ate theory that fat Communists w^ill stop conniving to overturn the world. Rostow, now a State Department planner, worked up his theory as an academic exercise while holding a university poet. He may be learning now that all Communists are dangerous. But whether this insight, If it Is ever gained, will be transmitted back to M.I.T. or Harvard is a question. Roger Hsman, presumably, is taking t h e soft theory of Communism to Academe and American boys and girls are not likely to be the gainers for it.

(Continued On Page 5)

Caurt Changing Face Of U.S.

By ELMER ROESSNER The Supreme Courts decision on the apportionment of legislatures will have business, no less than 'political, effects.

The effects will be quick, too. The top court empowered lesser Federal courts to activate its decision and it is certain that vvlthin a year or two, states will begin reshaping districts along the lines of population.

This will mean farm population will have less power in state legislatures and Congress; urban and suburban populations will have more. WHAT WILL HAPPEN With the lncrea.se in urban and suburban power, we can expect:

1. Tougher civil rights legislation nationally and in the states. In Congress, this will mean that if present members do not pass it, their urban and suburban successors will; and if they do. their successors will v'ote liberalizing amend-ments. Thats because Negro and other minorities are concentrated in cities and suburbs, and will have stronger political influence than they

have now.

2. Less farm aid. Urban representatives will want lower prices for their voters, the consumers. Besides, they suspect the farm lobbies to be supported by large, often corporate, farm enterprises, and will be less inclined to pour government money to them.

3. More attention and help for commuter lines and less for long-haul railroad Unes. ROOMS FOR VOTERS

4. More money voted for urban and suburban housing.

5. More consideration of needs of cities. Many cities although efforts are made to hush it up are dying fast from within. High taxes, lack of parking, scant choice in hlr^ ing employees, costly Interur-ban fares, and other inconveniences are keeping suburban shoppers away. More state and Federal aid may halt this trend.

6. New pork - barrel carving. In stat legislatures and

Congress, fat appropriations have been bestowed on rural areas where the votes were. Roads, dams, park devel o p-ments, and other

spending devices have been, enriched. Now urban areas may expect to get larger shares of the loot.

7. More business orientation In legislatures. While vot i n g masses in cities and suburbs may be unionized, their bread is buttered by prosperlous corporations and- state and Federal lawmakers will be inclined to keep corporations Mms-perous, as long as they Teep voting workers happy.

8. More help for unions. You can travel a hundred' miles through many rural Congressional and state district without seeing a union member, but you cant get to the' corner In a city or a suburban center without meeting a Mea-ny or a Hoffa -adhjirent. The legislative implications are tremendous.

NEW DEPARTURE

In fact, the Supreme Cc.,^___

decision may have far greater Impact on life in the United States than is yet reaJiz-cd.

The power of the city folk the proletariat may even-' tually become much greater. Our mnannmic balance,

our entire way of life, may be altered In the next few years. The center of power may move from Pumpkin Crossing to Woodside Gardens or to Harlem. America may be ruled by a coalition of depressed urban masses and proper-Ing suburban Anglo - Saxons. Or by a syndicate of union leaders and shopping center lawyers.

Who knows? Stick around. This wlU be fun to watch. SHORT & SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS

BBC Industries named Yogi Berra vice president in charge of promotion and the next thing it changed was Its name to Yoo-Hoo ' Chocolate Beverage Co. . .One in three adult Britons save trad ing stamp.s, compared to 1 In 10 in 1962. . .A music magazine calculates that 11,750.000 American children are being taught to play instruments. . . Fred Friedenhain, owner of a Forest HUls, N.Y., store, has complained about "rent poor people. They are those who live in wwanky suburbs and pay so much rent they cwit afford furniture.