Friday, January 24, 1964

The Good Neiahbor

Amendment Suffers Exaggeration

Most people recognize, we think, that^the importance oi the .newest amendment to the federal constitution has been exaggerated far beyond reasonable proportions.

With its adoption by the South Dakota legislature, the anti-poll tax amendment officially becomes part of the great document which is the ultimate law of the land. With its adoption, however, there are only five states in which it will have any possible effect. These are the five states in which payment of a poll tax is still a prerequisite for voting.

Adoption of the amendment by the required nunfber of states means that in these five voters will be able to cast their ballots for candidates for federal offices without regard to the poll tax. Whether they will also be able to vote for state and local officials without paying a poll tax depends upon whether these repective states alter their present voting provisions.

It is extremely doubtful that the poll tax prevented persons from participating in the affairs of their state or nation even in the five states where it was still in effect prior to the adoption of this new federal amendment. It is also unlikely that in these

five states this year there will be many non-poll-tax-paying voters who go to the polls just to vote for federal officials and not for local and state officials.

In the 1960s, the poll tax long since has ceased to be a national problem, if indeed it ever had been one,. The appeal for the amendment which has mow been adopted, wa more from the emotional viewpoint than from the practical viewpoint. After all, 45 of the 50 states already had done away with their poll tax requirements for voting even before they were called on to consider the amendment to the fedral constitution.

Now in the spotlight so far as voting requirements are concerned is the literacy test. Here again, in our opinion, the appeal for the removal of these tests is far-more emotional than practical. Unlike the antiquated poll tax, the literacy test serves a useful purpose in making sure those voters who register are at least able to read and write. In a nation which is constantly placing greater emphasis on the importance of education, and on the importance of an informed electorate, elimination of literacy test would be a step in the wrong direction.

Reasonable To Seek

! !^Ointed Remarks Make smoking safer

Aimed At Prever

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

SENDOFP Not content wltb dlsparaalng L. Richardson PreyerB gala campaign sendof! in Greensboro this weekend, Preyer opponents In the race for governor have broken out what they consider heavy political ammunition.

This Involves a barrage of pointed remarks about another, not 80 gala sort of Preyer sendoif," also in Greensboro but several months ago.

It Includes charges of "machine politics" and allegations that Preyer Is the "chosen candidate" of Gov. Terry Sanford and former state Democratic chairman Bert Bennett Jr. It centers around a quiet private get-together by a number of influential political figures supposed to have been at a motel on the Greensboro bypass last September.

Preyer opponents are saying pointedly that this meeting was held Just before the Preyer-for-governor boom began and just before petitions were circulated urging the U. S. district judge to become a candidate.

MENTION - First pubUc mention came from candidate Dan K. Moore in a speech at Edenton when he called Preyer the "chosen candidate" of the "Sanford-Bennett machine."

This followed a public disclaimer by Preyer that he Is In close political alliance with Sanford or Sanfords 1960 manager, Bennett.

It Is already well known, of course, that many former Sanford supporters and members of the Sanford administration are supporting Preyer. But Moore went further and charged that Preyer "knows where and by whom he was chosen." He referred to "a small group of ambitious politicians gathered behind drawn blinds in a motel room."

TURN It was Moores turn to talk about chosen candidates. The other camps have made frequent references to a reported hotel suite conference in Raleigh by a group of state political, conservatives prior to Moore's becoming a candidate.

They have made pointed remarks about a candidate "chosen in Wa.shlngton," referring to the quick endorsement of Moore by senior Sen. Sam J. Ervin Jr., and also have made much of a reported meeting between Moore and Dr. I. Beverly Lake of Raleigh.

FURTHER - It Is likely that a great deal more mentira of political association and amanees will be made as the campaign progresses.

Dr. Lake, an old political foe

Of Sanford and Bennett, plans to have his say about tt in a speech at WUmingtra on Jan. 30. A Lake aide says Dr; Lake intends to "Ue up the loose ends" about a Sanford-Ben-nett-Preyer association.

In the meantime, Dr. lake is having words to say about Moore too and especially Moore's "middle of the road" stance. '

PREYER Preyer begins an invasion'of Uie far western counties of North Carolina immediately after his Greensboro rally and goes Into country crasldered a Moore stronghold.

Preyer wants to see for himself how soUd the Moore support is In the west and to try to pick up addltiraal strength for his own candidacy. His statewide tour begins with a swing through 24 western counties from Cherokee and Clay to Ashe and Alleghany next week.

SADNESS There was a real note of sadness about the death of state Rep. Hardy A. Carroll last Tuesday.

At the age of 72, Carroll was a "freshman lawmaker In the 1963 General Assembly and loved every moment of It. It was his first political office and at his ripe age the pace was strenous. But he devoted himself seriously and energetically to the task.

There were many things about Hardy Carroll that the general pubUc didnt know. For example, his father served in the General Assembly in 1913 and exactly fifty years later when many thought the Republican sweep In Guilford County was a fluke. Hardy Carroll felt It was fate.

Carroll Carroll was on crutches with a broken hip the day he was elected. He was still on crutches when he came to Raleigh but tossed them away as soon as he arrived. He plunged Into the whirl of legislative activity. He w'orked hard and conscientiously

He accepted all the Invitations that come the way of legislators. He attended all legislative functions, party caucuses and committee meetings faithfully. He went on almost every legislative trip.

Prom his .eat on the back row, Hardy Carroll was heard far more than is usual for a first-termer. He was keenly Interested in what w-as going on.

He was in the hospital a month and a few days before he died a letter came from one of the states top Democrats, a warm, personal missive a tribute to the man who in just one term proved himself a good fighter.

The DaHy Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

entered at Poet Office. QreeovUle, N. C.. as second class mall matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES

By Carrier (In Towns)

By Carrier (Motor Routes)

Week 30c Week S8c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

JreenvUle Post Office, Pitt County, RobersonviUe, Vanceboro, Washington and Chocowlnlty.

Three Months ........................ $ 1.75

Six Months ........ 7.00

One Year 11.00

North Carolina <other than listed above)

Three Months ...... I 64)0

Six Months ..... ........................ 7JO

One Year ........... *...... 14.00

Plus 3% N O. Salee Taz Ali Other Outside North Caroltas

Three Months ........................... $ 4Ji

Six Months ................... aOi

One Year .................'........... 15.00

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated 4rPres8 is exclusively entitled to use for publication all news dlsFtcbes credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news published herein AU rights of publication of 'special dlSpatdies here are also reserved.

Mclhber Audit Bureau of Circulation

AJl advertising copy must be received at least one day before publication date.

As progrrams of one kind or another are formulated following the government report on health and smoking, we trust that as much attention will be given at the federal level toward helping make smoking safe as i.s initially being directed to proposals that would attempt to stifle the use of tobacco.

The federal government, after all, has a direct interest of more than $3 billion annually in its tax take from tobacco products. In addition, it has the tax take from corporations and individuals all the way up and down the line in the tobacco industry. The economic influence also spreads to seemingly unrelated bii.sineases and individuals whose operations cover the tobacco-producin.g regions, supply machinery for the tobacco business, furnish paper for cigarette packages or engage in business with or becau.e of the tobacco industry.

Rep. Harold Cooley, chairman of the House Agriculture Committee, has proposed a $5 million research center to seek to determine what there is in cigarette smoke which may be injurious to people. It would also seek to find ways in which smoking could be made safe*'. The proposal may appear to some as just another pork barrell proposal into which to put taxpayers dollars. From the objective standpoint, however, it offers a much more reasonable approach to the problem than many others so far offered.

In spite of the alleged connection between cigarette smoking and disease of one sort or another, many millions of Americans are going to continue to smoke. There are many reasons to believe that consumption of tobaccoafter temporary setbacks, perhapswill continue the steady rise it has experienced for decades.

If the goal of the whole matter is removing a threat to health, t)ie most realistic and practical approach is the research necessary to make smok-' ing safe. It is the positive rather than the negative approach to the problem and the one which in the long run offers the best chance of achieving what is said to be the aim of those who see cigarette smoking now as a health hazazrd.

By ART BUCHWAL

How To Fiaht A Hero?

Now that Lt, Col. John Glenn has thrown his space helmet into the political ring everyone Is asking the same questions. Will Glenn have enough thrust in his Ohio boosters to get into the Democratic orbit? How much heat will his political rocket be able to withstand if he does win the nomination, and can he survive the weightlessness which his opponents charge he has as a politician?

So far Col. Glenns Initial thrust into the unknown world of politics has given problems to tracking stations all over the state, and has warmed up the atmosphere to a point where he has been meeting resistance from political scientists who have been critical of the Senate space program he Is now trying to join.

The question is, how do you fight a hero running for a pol

itical office?

To find out we talked to one of Col. Glenns opponents, who asked that we did not use his name.

"Sir, what do you think Is the best approach to oppose a hero astronaut in a Sena-atorial race?

"Ill say he didnt do It. "He didnt go Into space? "Thats right. Ill say that they put a gorilla in his place and he only posed for the pictures."

"But Isnt that pretty rough?" This is politics, boy, and you have to plant seeds of doubt about your opponent if you want to get elected."

"But everyrae saw him on television. I dont think that charge will hold up.

"Well, then Ill demand to have a debate with him. Id like to ask him several questions."

Other Editors Saying... Tobacco Industry Stable

Has To Juaale

i ne U nexDected

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)-Presi-dent Johnson, like his predecessors, has to juggle the usual and the unexpected, which is all right except when the unexpected hits him, as It did Johnson.

But even the usual can look brand new. unless you have a lively memory. For instance, when a president trots his budget message into the congressional stadium.

Its like an Army-Navy game cheers and jeersexcept that Democrats and Republicans dont don blue or gray. They Just Slay dressed in their old party attitudes, as they did this week when Johnson sent them his budget.

Most Democrats found It delightful, Republicans looked for holes In the budgetary line. Its like that when a Democrat Is president. Its like that when a Republican Is president. But then Democrats and Republicans swap sides.

Since this has been going on for years, and Johnson was In Congress 23 years, he could hardly have been dumbfounded by the reactira and may even have been happy the Republicans didnt say more.

There will be much of the same as he continues to send Congress messages.

The real domestic flight, ther-therefore. will get worse and. since 1964 is an election year, it should get noisier.

President John F. Kennedy went through the same routine in his first year in office, and the years that followed. Its not the domestic stuff that makes an old man of a president, its the foreign stuff.

Thats where a president gets clouted with the unexpected but Kennedy got a better break than Johnson, starting out.

Kennedys first big foreign trouble was when he backed the disastrous rebel invasion of Cuba but he had already been In office three months before that happened.

But here was Johnson, If office less than two months, up to his nose In getting messages together for Congress when the Panamanians blew their lid,

Johnson had already tried to overhaul the American machinery for dealing with Latin America when the riots in Panama began. It was an unhappy beginning.

Just about the time he got the Panamanians cooled off a bit, French President Charles de Gaulle let It be known that France was going to recognize Red China, which the White House promptly told him it hoped he wouldnt.

De Gaulle appears to have a compulsion to disturb the peace of American presidents.

He was a repeated problem to Kennedy. Since he doesn't seem to be a man to play fa-(Contlnued On Page 7)

(Goldsboro News*Argus)

The tobacco manufacturing industry was stable and relatively unmoved by the report of the long study by experts to the U. S, Surgeon Cjren eral. The report, as you know, warned of the danger to health, particularly in causing lung cancer, by cigarette smoking. It asked that the government seek a remedy for a serious health threat to the nation.

The first day of stock trading after the Saturday report, tobacco shares fell off moderately at the opening. But by the end of the day most of the losses had been regained. Cigar stocks even advanced. The report said that cigar smoking was not as identifiable with lung cancer as was cigarette smoking.

The warning from the experts had been anticlpat e d. Actually it repeated what various studies had been saying for years. The American Cancer Society, a great health group, had emphasized the same facts repeatedly. T h ^ Readers Digest with its multi-million of circulation had attacked cigarette smoking as a health danger repeatedly in recent years.

Though the details of the report had been a caref u 11 y guarded secret, the new's was handled In such manner as to take the shock out of Its release. Had the findings of the experts and the request for remedial action been releas e d

without prior discussion or anticipation there could have been a real shock to the Industry.

The problem has been handled in such a manner that there probably w'ill be a decline in smoking for a time. Many who quit smoking when the news was released by now already are back at it. Others are smoking less than before. And many keep telling themselves they will quit smoking presently.

No one would deny the w'am-ing, but there are competent scientists and researchers who see the problem differently. They point to other factors as also Involved In causing lung cancer, polluted air. poison from exhausts of millions of motor vehicles in the congested areas, etc. And a 50-year study by a German University, one not connected with any U, S. studies, refuses to accept the view that smoking Is causing the Increase of lung cancer among men. (Why would men be more susceptible to lung cancer from smok-. ing than women?)

Nevertheless you wiU be better off if you quit smoking and you tobacco farmers will be better off if you quit depending so much on tobacco.

A government program to seek answers as to how to make cigarettes acceptable to health studies will come from the study. Bills to that'*end already are in Cragress.

"Such as?"

"Why did he have trouble with his heat shield when hfe tried to re-enter the earths atmosphere? I think the American people have a right to know. Ill also accuse him of yawing and pitching when he should have been rolling and orbiting. I have no intention of pulling my punches. "Those are strong charges. "That isnt all. Id like to ask him why he couldnt get out of his own capsule when was placed on a destroyer, and why he wasted taxpayers money by blowing open the door. "I think he was ordered to do it, we said.

"Thats for the voters to decide. I think the electorate should also know why he fired hi.s retro-rockets over Florida when he was a resident of Ohio. Doesnt that sound pretty fishy to you?

"The way you put it, It does. "I think Col. Glenn is a very brave man, but does a person who has only completed three orbits around the earth have the experience to deal with the problems of the world? After all, he didnt stop off anywhere and see anybody. But he did get around, we said,

"But look at the angle he saw things from. Is this the angle the voters want one of their representatives to have? "You certainly have raised a lot of questions. we said.

"I intend to raise more. If Glenn wants to get into the political arena then Im going to fight fire with fire. I never had any interest In space before. but if forced into it I wont shirk my responsibilities. "What will you do?

Well, for a start, my new campaign slogan is If I am elected I will go the the moon.

ODiniony

'.n Briet

We have said it before and we say it again: There is nothing magic about giving our money a trip to Washington, then having a part of it returned to us on the basis of political as well as economic considerations, Port Huror (Mich.) Times-Herald.

Why is it you cant drlvt a new car down the street without meeting everybody you owe?" Daily (Okla.) Journal.

jurope

Tas Nc

Stake

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1964, King Features Syndicate, Inc. \

Simply as a measure of stressing the continuity of U. S. policy. President Lyndon Johnson had to make a show of opposing really drastic foreign aid cuts in the closing hours of the 1963 Congress. But the chances are that this attempt on the part of an occupant of the White House to force Congress to treat the foreign aid program as a sacred cow is the last one that we shaD see.

One reason for believing that foreign aid wUl have an even rockier roaul b travel in 1964 than to 1963 is* that _West-em Europe, which was so Se-pendent on It in Marshall Plan days, now has an economic Interest in seeing it shrivel. True enough. Western Europe hasnt been getting much benefit from our aid for some time. But it is not the direct loss of subsidies that the nations of Western Europe are worrying about, it is the worldwide U. S. adverse balance of international payments. This adverse balance hicreases protectionist sentiments in America that bode no good for West European exports. And it is by exports that old Europe lives.

The European Common Market now buys craslderably more goods from the U, S. than It sells to us. So, if it were merely a matter of balancing our exports to Europe some $5 billion worth in 1963against our imports from Eurppe (itoout $2.5 billion worth), Americans would have no cause for tampering with an existing situation. Because of foreign aid and overseas military commitments, however, our favorable goods - trade balance is transformed into an unfavorable overall balance.

This abets a disposition In Washington to try to force our exports even harder and to cut down on imports. In short, to save the day for giving away money to Cambodia (If it will condescend to accept it), our bright minds on the Potomac try to take It out of the hides of friendly West European nations. They do this not only by trying to cut down on Imports but by proposing interest equalization taxes on U. S. purchases of West European securities, and by discouraging American tourists who might want to spend an extra dolla^or two on Danish pastry VNaturally this creates an a^osphere in which every sort of U. S. special domestic interest can hope to get a higher protective tariff on its products.

The crunch will come this spring at Geneva, when the so-called "Kennedy round of tariff bargaining gets under way. The countries of Western Europe wTU argue that If they are to buy from America, they must also sell In America. And how. It will be asked, can they sell If tariffs are raised against them?

Since the U. S. exporters are already doing extremely well in West European markets, the American negotiators wont be in a very good position to argue the case for putting higher tariffs ra European goods. The only good excuse they will be able to bring up Is the overall adverse U. S. balance of payments. But this excuse will hardly seem compelling to Europeans.

Quite realistically, the West Europeans might point out to us that they shouldnt be forced to sacrifice exports to America in order to enable Washington to finance such things as an aluminum smelter and a hydroelectric plant In Ghana (which has gone over to the Communist enemy anyway), or to enable Brazils "Jango Goulart to Indulge In his next round of Inflation.

The Europeans, in their undoubtedly cynical way, have decided that free gifts don't keep underdeveloped countries from sliding Into dictatorships that look upon Moscow and Peiping with complaisance. Extending their cynicism, they are now bidding for the Castroite Cuban bus market and for the opportunity to make all sorts (Continued On Page 7)

Tobacco Comoanies Off A Hook

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS EXAMINE AND COUNT What IS your talent?

"Oh, I dont have a talent not the slightest bit of talent. Theres nothing I do better than anyone else, or better than the average run of person.

Can you whistle ra your fingers? Can you turn a handspring? Can you say Good morning In a way that makes the person to whom the salutation is directed really feel that the morning is Indeed good and the world good and life worthwhile? * *

Can you sew or knit? Can you make things grow? Can you clean-up and dust a room In such a way that Its a real joy for anyrae to come into the room?

"Oh, what are you talking about? Those things arent talents. Everybody can do those

things more or less. Talent means the ability to paint a picture, or to sing beautiiuUy, or to get top marks in school, or to write a book or compose a poem."

Listen Friend: Talent consists of sm\e aptitude, some capacity to do sraiething that needs to be done. We are all to prone to exaggerate the significance of big. spectacular thlpgs such as writing, painting, acting, orating. Some people have the talent for smiling in a way that make.s all and sundry happy. Some have a talent for pitching In and doing some Job that needs to be done.

Kindness Is a talent If you have It to overflowing. Talent Isn't all In your brains or - its also in your disposition.

Of course you have a talent. Quit selling yourself short.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The Federal Advisory Committee ra Smoking and Health may have taken tobacco companies off the hook of future damage suits arising out of cancer of the lungs and other ailments.

The committees warning that cigarettes may cause cancer, etc., has been broadcast In almost every medium. Now everyrae who smokes after January 11, 1964, may have lost cause for actlra, since he knowingly accepted the risk.

Furthermore, if the Federal Trade Commission succeeds in requiring manufacturers to label cigarettes as potential causes of cancer, It may further Insulate makers from suit. If a man. woman or child smokes a cigarette from a pack that lists the potential hazards, the smoker obviously assumes the risk.

MORE TO COME?

If the PTC succeeds In enforcing such a label warning, we can expect anti --alcohol forces - not as dormant as you may think to require similar warnings on bottles of liquor, something like:

"The contents of this bottle may cause euphoria and-or dizziness, an IncUnatira to sing, pugnacity, a sudden and vio- . lent release of inhibitions, cop fighting, wife beating, hilarity, noisiness, reckless driv 1 n g, romantic notions, Dutch cour- -age, an overestimate of physical prow'ess, kidney ailments, stumbling, stupor and even death. My friend, the Old^ Promoter, race said, "That, son. Is why I drink It. American Tobaccos introduction of the Carlton cigarette with the tar and nicotine content listed on the package Is an interesting ploy, perhai to head off ctxnpulsory warnings. The label reads;

"Tar"* 2.5 MG ... . PER CIGARETTE Nicotine 0.4. MG. . . . PER CIGARETTE Smoke components commonly but Inaccurately called "tar. This is a fair warning to everyrae who knows exactly what MG means, and whether that many MGs are much or little.

SCIENTIFIC?

The smoking report, which may eventually become known

as the Terry Report for Surgeon General Luther L. Terry, did not answer these obv^ ous questions:

1. Do the harmful effects ,of cigarettes, arise frwn the paper instead of the tobacco? This' seems possible, since pipe and cigar smokers have an almost normal incidence of disease.

2. Are the harmful effects caused by fumes from lighters? Lighter fuels are hydrocarbons. which have a long as-soclatioD with cancer.

S. Are the harmful effects caused by chemicals in mittch-es? That match head contain dangerous chemicals is wide ly believed In Latin America, where a gentleman always lights his own cigarette first, to draw off the poisons, before offering a light to others.

The cigarette warning has already stirred some business, In the opening of stop - smoking clinics and the sale of pills and candies said to help smokers to kick the habit. And, as the Old Promoter observes, there will be new offers of ways to be safe frmn lung cancer. Those who send in

their dollars wiU get back cards saying, "Stop smoking I

ELECTRONICS EAVESDROPPING MAY FACE HIGH COURT TEST

The threat of the Federal Communicatiras Commlss Ion to prohibit eavesdropping by the use of miniature radio transmitters will be long In hurting the sale of these devices. In fact, the Immediate effect may be to Increase salea of these devices. In fact, the immediide effect may be to Increase sales of these to beat changes In the rules.

FCCs biggest stumbling block Is the fact that the Federal government has jurisdlo-tlon only over Interstate radio. Any PCC order will surely be appealed to the Supremo Court on those grounds and three years hence the court may find that transmitt e r 0 with a jange of 100 feet rarely cross state lines.

The F(X has Invited cran-ments by March 18, after which hearings will be held. In filing a petition, be sure to send 14 copies. Thats an PCC rule which keeps the publle from bothering it too much.