Thursdajr, January 2, 1964 ^ * *

Strong Leadership For Congress

The Thinker,

^ Congress has ended ite' longest peacetime session, a session whichf^brouijght much criticism upon Congress not for what it did but for what it failed to do. '

It is difficult to remember a more sluggish session of Congress than the 1968 session. It is difficult to recall a session in which there seemed to be as much procrastination over almost every item of significance. Even the matter of appropriations WM delayed, side-stepped, pushed around witiiout action for much longer than is the usual case.

Many factors contributed to the lack of progress in this recent Congressional session. In our opinion, however, the key to the situation was the inability of the Congressional leadership to weld the membership into a cohesive group for action. The Democrats had overwhelming control of both houses. By simply comparing party figures, it would Mve seemed that a Democratic legislative program woUld have breezed through Congress. Yet the Democrats In Congress could never get together on what the partys legislative program was going to be. Obviously,, it was not the program offered by the late Presideht Kennedy. And just as obviously, the Congressional leadership could not come up with a compromise program that could gain majority support

Theyre Probing Specific Issues

Br WILLIAM A. SHIRES

PLATFORM - The concilia, tory platform adopted by U state Democratic party two years ago is the base cm which 1964's p^ary campaign is being raised.

It takes no great amount o( searching to find similarities fai the 1962 plstiorm and the standi being taken by Demo* cratle candidates for governor. As yet there have been no radical departures from that document designed to bind up party wounds.

The platform adopted at the last Democratic state ciMiven-tlon called for expanded programs in education, highways, agriculture and ec(momic de-veli^ment of the state.

It called for "continued emphasis on the economical ad-mlnlstnUlon of government" and said "we oppose any Increase In state taxes."

PLANKS The 1962 platform pledged the Democratic party to work for advances In agricultural research, development of food processing and packing Industries, and "intensified efforts in the development or producUmi and marketing organizations."

Other platform planks Includ-td:

Legislative: "We favor fair representation (rf the General Assembly."

Judicial reform: "To Insure greater uniformity and efficiency in the oiisnlzatlon and operation of our courts."

EMPHASIS -,The platform put emphasis on c(mtinulng advancement in the field of education and this point has been stressed by all three of the major candidates for the partys nomination for governor.

The platform said that North Carolina "must devote a larger pnHPortion of her means to education than do most other states."

Overall, the Ume of the 1962 platform was on unity and intraparty, harmony. It was strictly non-controversial. It omitted reference to any of the points that might flare into renewed factional fighting.

It did however, recognize Gov. Terry Sanford and his administration as chieftains of the state party.

It said that Sanford "has already earned his place in the proud tradition of Democratic governors from Charles B, Ay-cock to Luther Hodges.-"

SITUATION - A situation has now developed in which the major gubernatorial candidates are probing for specl-, flc, concrete Issues on which to project their campaigns.

In recent days there have

been efforts to differentiate phllo8(q;>hies and to pin stock labels ( one or another of the candidates, and an attempt to Inject the Issue of literacy testa for voters. The latter developed after a reconunenda-tlon signed former state chairman Bert Bennett Jr. to ' abolish literacy tests as a voting prerequisite.

Bennett is a supporter of L. Richardson Preyer of Greensboro. Preyer brushed aside the attempt by saying he did not think literacy test suggestions would be an issue.

Several other feints by candidates or their campaign managers at the apparently solid armor of non-cwitroverslal Issues also have .been turned aside.

SERVICE Gubernatorial candidate Dan K. Moore Is stressing his long record of public service.

In every speech and public statement. Moore calls attention to his experience in political life and in the Democratic party. He believes that. In this respect, he has an edge over opponents L. Richards o n Preyer and I. Beverly Lake and wants to press the advan-' tage.

Moore points out the fact that he has served as town attorney, county attorney, district solicitor and superior cwirt Judge. He has served in t h e General Assembly and neither Preyer nor Lake has legisla-, tlve experience. ,

In the Democratic party. Moore has served as precinct chairman, a member of county^ and state executive committees, as fund raising chairman and as a delegate to the Democratic Natlcmal convention. In 1960. Moore suw>orted Lyndon B. Jo^s(K) at Los Angeles.

In a speech to Greensboro this week. Moore also pointed out that he is vice chairman of the State Board of Water Resources and as such finds "genuine satisfaction" In recent Congrssi(Hial approval of the New H()e dam In the u: per Cape Pear basin.

WEDDING Moores son. Dan KllUan Moore Jr. of Canton, will be wed on Jan. 4. The bride will be Sarah Prances Brock of Raleigh, daughter of Judge and Mrs. Walter Edgar Brock of Wadesbqro. The bride la the niece of Alex Brock of Raleigh, campaign treasurer for Dr. Beverly Lake.

Young Moore, a graduate of the University of North Cau*-ollna. has been assisting with his father's gubernatorial campaign for the past three months.

The wedding will be at the Calvary Episcopal Church in Wadesboro.

When the new session begins next week, the leadership in each house will be the same as it was before January 1. The programs that were feft hanging when th first session of the 88th Congress ended,, will still be on the calendar for action. And in 1964, with election fever running through Congress and through the nation, the session will be considerably shorter than in 1963.

If necessary accomplishments are to be realized, the Congressional leadership must somehow mold a cohesive group of sufficient strength in Congress to give some meaning to a legislative program. The time in which this must be accomplished is short indeed.

The nation can ill afford for second session of the 88th Congress to allow important domestic issues to drift unresolve das they did through the first,

ComixiQii Sense Behind Voter Literacy Test

North Carolinas literacy test is a logical, reasonable and constructive part of the eligibility re-^ quirements for a person who wishes to participate ip elections in this state.

The literacy test should be retained as a part of the eligibility requirements of the state.

In North Carolina, the literacy test has not been used as a ruse to prevent the registration of persons who should be eligible to participj|te in elections. It has been used for the purpose for which it was intended: to assure that those who register to vote can read and write.

Those who argue that such a requirement ts unfair, or that it penalizes the individual in the exercise ot his rights, are straining the point far beyond reason. If a person is not able to read and write, it is highly doubtful that he would be able to pick from a list of candidates on a ballot those people he wants to vote for. It is unlikely he could, with any degree of certainty, cast the ballot the way he wanted it either in choosing officials or in . participating in special referenda on specific issues.

Were there widespread abuse of the literacy test in North Carolina as a means of preventing persona from registering, thiere may be some reason for calling foi rep<al of the requirement. But that is not the case in this state. The literacy test is a constructive part of the eligibility requirements for voters, and it has been used for this purpose.

The emotional appeals being made for the elimination of the literacy testparticularly as it applies in North Carolinaare nothing more than emotional appeals. If they are heeded, the state will, In our opinion, be taking a backward step.

Citizens should be alert to see that the literacy tests are not abused to prevent qualified people from registering to vote. But they should also remain alert that this constructive provision is retained ak a part of the requirements for voting in North Carolina^ y

! Retracing Path Of Via Dolorosa

A ---

By ART BUCHWALD

oying-Off Of IV'

Thert has been a great deal written about automation and computen putting men out of work. But very little has been said about computers putting computers out of work.

The other day we heard wie of the saddest stories of the holiday season, ccmceming the laying-off of a Mark m Thln-kovac.

Without any warning the personnel manager of the Cavity Candy Co. switched on the machine and said:

"Mark, youre finished. As of the first of the year, were replacing you with an SL-7 Charley Baker Bralnomat.

Mark n was speechless. Then its tape started whirring furiously as it digested the news. .. "But Mr. Layoff." it blurted through its loudspeaker, "Ive been working for the Cavity Candy Co. day and night for ten years. Ive been loyal and honest and dependable. I worked every Sunday when no one was here and holidays, too."

"We mustnt let sentiment enter into this, Mark,' Mr.

-Layoff replied. "All youve said is true, but we have to think of the company first. It takes you as much as 30- >eChnd& to solve a problem. The new Brainomat can solve the same problem In five secwids. Besides, it doesnt take up so much room."

"I know the company comes first," Mark said. "But what about my ist performance? Ive been doing the work o 40 men. Ive saved the company $240,000 in salaries alrnie. I figured it out once for jrou."

"Thats true, Mark, but the Bralnwnat will do the work of 90 men and save us $450,000. At one time we needed you, but we have to make way for progress. If we felt sorry ifor every c(Mnputer that passed Its prime, we wouldnt able to ^ay in business," ^ *

Mark m shortk vdth emotion. "Mr. Layoff, Ive got 12 transistors to support, an old magnet that depends on me, a broken transcriber that needs repairs. You cant Just throw me out in the cold."

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BY GEORGE W. CORNELL

JERUSALEM, Jordan Sector (AP An individual, and the path he walked, laid the foundation of Christianity.

Pope Paul VI. (HI his unprecedented journey to the Holy Land this weekend, plans to retrace the topography of that path the ground traversed by Jesus Christ.

Jesus, a young Jewish teacher slain at 33, had a swift, strange career - punctuated by extradordlnary and wondrous events.

Yet the events occurred In ordinary human settings, in the towns, al(Hig the trails and lake-shores at the eastern end of the Mediterranean.

The spots which Pope Paul will visit formed the earthly stage 4)n which 2,(X)0 years of history have unfolded.

Saturday evening, on'.his first day here, the Pope is expected to spend an hour In the Garden of Gethsemane. There Jesus held his last lonely vigil before his arrest and death.

Jesus, (Ml His way there after the Last Supper with his apostles or during It. delivered his final discourse, foretelling his death, warning of persecutions, urging love and promising that his spiritual presence would remain.

An objective of the Popes trip here is to pray, as did his Lord, for Christian unity.

A rough, bare white rock, which today protrudes inside a dim-lit church, is said to be the place where Jesus prayed and steeled himself for his ordeal ahead :d where Pope Paul, too, will itny.

The Pope also will walk the sad. winding route that Jesus followed fMn the Roman seat of Judgment to the traditional

site of the Hill of the i Skull Golgotha where he was crucified and entombed.

The rr tc now is called the "Via Dolorosa the Way of Sorrows.

It begins at the Lithostrotos. the ancient paved square where the Roman governor, Pilate, held court when Jesus was brought there, charged with , blasphemy and claiming a t.

. vine mantle of kingship.

Along the old citys narrow, cobblestone streets, tables and monuments mark the incidents of the melancholy march. These are called "stations of the Cross." Pope Paul will follow the same c(Hirse.

The C^hurch of the Holy Sepulcher Is a s(Hnber, labyrinthine sanctuary of candlelit chambers, stone stairways, balconies, alcoves, columns and altars, almost always astir with moving figures, chanty voices and clouds in Incense."

Here Saturday afternoon, Pope Paul is scheduled to celebrate a Mass the ancient rite commemorating Christs seli-sacrifice for man, and also % his victory over death.

Inside the church, about 14 feet below, the Crucifixion platform. Is a traditional place of burial. ^

On his second day here, Sunday. the Pope will cross the border Into Galilee to visit Nazareth, the country town where Jess grew up. the slope beside the lake where Jesus delivered the semuMi on the Mount and also Mount Tabor, where Jesus grew up. the slope before the eyes of three apostles.

Returning to Jerusalem, he visits Bethlehem next day. on Monday.

Other Editors Saying ?lan Of Long Standing

(The Wilson Times)

In the handbook of The Plan of Organization of the Democratic Party," on page 17 is set forth the rotation of State Senators. It says, In all State Senatorial districts conjposed of moie than one county which it has been the custom tq, concede the right to nominate a senator to one county of Wi e dtetrict by a plan of rotation or otherwise, the same shall remain In full force and effect until terminated as herein provided."

This system has been in effect for as long as the old heads can remember. And it appears a very good way to settle the two representatives from a three county dist r i c t, which is the case of the 13th district, made up of Nash, Johnston and Wilson.

We are certain there are qualified men in all three counties. We are certain that without an agreement there would be three candidates. But why have a three cornered fight for two seats. The counties hope and plan to work together for the good of the district and the state. So It is better to have an agreement on rotation representation than to split the counties Into sectional areas.

It also should be remembered that the agreement reached between the three counties must be taken back to the full exe

cutive committees of the several counties composing t h e Senatorial district and approved by a majority vote and the plan must be filed with the chairman of the State Executive Committee at least 120 d|^s in advance of the date of the primary.

If this is not democratic then the rules of organization should be changed. And as we see It, it is more democratic- to cooperate under a rotation system than to create friction and lose cooperation. And If the executive committees vote down the proposal of the rotation system, then the field is open.

If this is out of date something better than dog eat dog should be devised. For m o e flies can be caught whh honey than vinegar. And the three counties can accomplish more by dooperatlon than with hard political fight where one has to lose.

The rotation system is not out of date until recognized as such by the Democratic party, the executive committees and the people. And we are glad to say that the list of (juall-fied candidates in any one. or all of the three counties Is long. We have talented men In eastern (Carolina, Working for - its progress and development. May this always be 'the case. And may we settle our differences in order to work in harmony and cooperatl(m.

"This hurts me more than it hurts you, Mark. If It were up to me. Id put you off in the, comer somewhere and - let you work on damaged chocolate bar returns. But the people up front say you have to go. You *can always get an-^other Job.

"What can I do? Who Is going to hire a ten-year-old computer these days?

"Perhaps you could take a retraining program?" Mr. Layoff suggested.

"My memorys not that good. Digesting eandy figures is all I know. The Bralnomat may work faster for you, but will it give you the service and the loyalty that I have? Im an experienced candy computer. Doesnt that ^ount for anything? ^

"The new computer will be able to learn tbe Job in 24 hours.

"Mr. Lay(rff, I know Im begging, -but do you^ remember when you had the'Jelly bean' problems? Some packages were getting too many Jelly beans and other packages werent getting enough. You gave the problem to me and In 15 minutes I solved it. Could a Brainomat have solved that?"

"I dont want to be cruel, Mark, but you were originally responsible for the JeUy bean mixup."

I, was fed the wrong data, Mark n squealed.

"The difference between you and the Brainomat Is that the Brainomat will reject the wrong data while you will accept it.

Tears of oil started pouring out of the Mark III.

Mr. Layoff patted the mar chine. "Now come on, Mark, dont, take It so hard. You deserve a rest. Just think of the quiet days ahead. Well fhid a nice cool storeroom where you '' can take It easy and you wont have to think at all."

T\^o workmen came In' and started pushing Mark HI towards the door.

"Oh, by the way, Mr. Layoff said, "before you go, the company would like you to have this gold data-processlng clock in gratitude for all you have done for us."

Opinions n Brie: ,

"What modern man. needs to survive into the twenty-first century is some way of bringing order to the present international anarchy. But this will not happen unless it is fnuch desired and actively pursued by a large number of nations," The London ^ Observer.

Fions

Pilot Source

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

President Lyndon Johnsons Indication that therewUl be a -few increases In his upcoming budget for certain "pot" projects in welfarism is another victory for that most supple oi advisers, Professor John Kenneth Galbraith. For It 1^ Gal-, braith who, as trips down from Chunbridge, Mass., has been suggesting around Washington that the way to promote Welfare In an era of frugality is to put on inexpensive show-case dem(Hirtnttlons in carefully chosen areas. _

Ken Galbraith Is always a delight to this columnist because (rf his uninhibited approach to things. In India* which needs free enterprise, Galbraith, as our Ambassador, talked to Indian professors as if he were an economist from the era (rf Calvin Coolidge. Now he Is busy giving President Jolmson some advlca which he has taken from the book (rf no less a person than "Mr. Republican" himself, tbs, late Senator R(>bert Taft. II was Bob Taft who, to the con-stematl(Hi of some oi hte Republican colleagues who resent- ^ ed any spending at all, first proposed that such things as federal aid to education should be channeled to the neediest counties hi the nation, on a demonstration basis that would show local communities everywhere the value in trying to satisfy a few crying needs.

This was the Bob Taft who was called a "socialist" by a few head r shaking friends. But, to the extent that a frugal "demonstration tsre of State Welfarism Is preferable to blanket, or blunderbuss, federal outlays, Bob Taft is to be commended for conquering the Democratic Party through the medium of his new disciple, Ken Galbraith.

I am not trying to kid Pro- fessor Galbraith. He enchants me precisely because he Is no hard-and-fast stick-in-the-m u d as a Leftist. He in'amendable to compromise.^ can e that federal pilot spending might result In local emulation at local expense. As an economist ho is willing, on occasion, to forget John Maynard Keynes.. Nobody has yet caught him hobsobbing in New York City with the dean of free enterprise economists. Profess o r Ludwig von Mises, but that might even come to pass some day.

The nice thing about Galbraith is that he can kid his own professional kind. He Is, so**! aiji told on the good authority of internal evidence, the author of a recent spoof called "The McLandress Dimension," written under the pseudonym of Mark Epemay.

Professor McLandress Is a Whiz Kid to End All Whix Kids, one who has managed to carry statistical methods to every logical absurdity that can be conceived by the mind of man. Galbraith. Epemay has denied that he Invented McLandress one morning whil busy shaving in front of a mirror.

The McLariOress-test of objectivity in statesmen Is beautiful to behold. It consists of calculating, on the basis of the number of self - reference in a speech, a co-efficient which is "the arithmetic mean or average of the intervals of time during which a subjects thoughts remain centered on some substantive phenomenon other than his own personality." According to the McLandress Co - Efficient, Professor J. K. Galbraigh himself has a low rating of "one minute fifteen second.*?." Richard Nixons rating Is a bit worse; he checks opt at "only three sectmds.* The late President Kenne d y had an excellent co - efficient of twenty - nine minutes, which Is exceedingly good for a public figure.

Armed with a McLandr ess calculator, the general public might think H bjd something dependable to go on in this os-Iness of rating the objectivity of public servants. But alas, like all our learned Herr DoK-tors who subrtitutfc statistical analysis for crlticrf^lns i g h t, McLandress has missed the point. The number of self-references In any speech by a modem public figure depends (Continued On Page $)

Yet Another Tox Low Looohole

Strength For TO(day

By EARL L. DOUGLAS.^,

IF YOU WOULD RESOLUTE There is one big resolution we can all make as we stand at the beginning of a new year: I am going to get more out of life.

_We get more out of life, of course, by putting more into life. Occasionally a $100 investment brings a $1,000 return, but not often. We get more out of life either by extending its Interests or by Intensifying the interests we already have. The amazing waste of time on trivialities Ls something that must shock the Creator who originated time and did so for a purpose',

There are books to be read y(Hi have never readhow about reading le a week during the ^coming year There Is some special subject or technique that has always fascinated you. One year's intensive

study, one hour a day, would give you an insight into almost any area which now fascinates you and Intrigues y(wr interest.

Do'we need to say anything about giving more time to our loves ones? Picking out people that have been strangers to you In club or business world. In the shop or In the grange ahd getting to know th^ persons better?

Everbody should de<jeasc physical activity with the passing years, and in most cases decrease food intake.

Ma>be you have a habit that Is thi-eatenlng to become an addicttn. No time like the present to take it In hand and settle matters once and f(' all.

And, of course, we have to live forever whether we want to or not. So how sbout giving a little more attention this year to the subject of eternity.

BY EIJVIER ROESSNER

The pi-esent tax law has more loopholes than a pair of mesh leotards.

There are many gimmicks available to the knowing ones. But rarely has any gimmick had the patent unfairness of one newly disclosed by Pren-tice-HaUs "Executive Tax Report.

The details are headlined. "A sure-fire blueprint for converting dividends into capital gain. The metaphor Is little mixed. but the Idea isnt.

Heres bow Prentice-Hall tells It:

"Would you like to convert fully taxed ordinary Income into tax-favored capital gain?

It can be done without any kickback, if you follow the route laid down by the tax law Itself. -

STEP-BY-STEP FORMULA

If you oiMi a family poration, for instance, thes : tax rules can be a real break. They blueprint a way for you to unloadia substantial part ot your stock at capital-galn rates, while keeping ftiU. undiluted (xxitrol of your corpora

tion...

"Heres the step-by-step procedure:

"1. Give your wife a substantial amount of stock when you set up the -(corporation, or as soon thereafter as possible. -

"2. Make sure.,, your wife holds on to this stock f(H' at least 10 ypars. v^.

J3. Have the corporation 'redeem all your wifes stock,

"4. Finally, see to it that your wife does not acquire any more stock* in the corpo^ atlon for at least 10 years. The result, Prentice-Hall says.

Is thrt all gain Is capital gain and the husband still has com-, plete control of the company.. Then it gives a hypotheticV-case In which a wife is given 100,000 $1 shares which double in value over 10 years. The corporation then redeems hef -stock for $200,000. Half is tax J. free, being a return on Ini^est-ment, the other half is taxable ' (Hily at capital gain rates.

A MINOR TAX BESIDES ^'

Theres one little (lulggle: The wifes $100,000 worth of shares were originally a gift, hence liable to the gift tax ..i

when made. However, because of Exemptions, this would be only $^2.50. "A real bargan, comments the tax service.

The wife has to wait for 10 years to make this tax savings because, if she (Joes it in less time, the govemfhent will regard her gain as a dividend and fully taxable.

An (^wner need not involve his wife.VHe can have his own stock redeemed, the tax service ' points out. But then he ^may surrender c(MitroI ci the company.

Another quiggle: This deal 1s not ,.safe for husbands whose I. wives may leave them because under these clrcumsten<s, the -gift erf stock to the wife is absolute and ^he can walk out with it at any time.

Still another qulggle: When ,the wife's stock is redeemed, she must file an' agreement to n(rflfir the Internal Revenue Service if she ever acquires any of the corporatioRTs stock within the next 10 :^ar8. If she does not file a timely return, for the year of redemption. If she does buy back any ' of the stock, or if she bujm tt back without telling tbe IRS,

she may lose her capital gains savings.

On the whole, this loophole Is big enough to drive through a horse and wagon loaded with hundreds of thousands of dollars. But Its small comfort to the fellow maxing $98 a week.

NRMA WARNS MEMBERS: NO LET-UP IN ENFORCINQ U. S. REGULAnONS "Steady acceleration of Federal enfoixment programs will probably continue unabated* under Preaident Johnson, the s(x;iation is warning members. National Retail Merchants A-It advises; , '

1. Make sure labeling laws, especially those (joncemlhg furs, are obeyed. 2. Follow Federal Trade Commission rules on price advertising, especially about comparative prices. 3. Make* sure pre-tlcketed Items reflect actual retail prices. 4. If your store carrieo lines "coa-fined" to suggested retail prices make sure this Is done in a(v cordance with laws. 5. Renoem-ber pitfalls- oi the Roblnson-Pitman Act in negotiating with suppliers.