Thursday^ December 26, 1963

The Fats In The Fire

Planning For A City Of 100,000

Ihe population explosion taking place around the world is getting attention from a few scholars, but to the averate citiaen it is a problem that may affect them in some vague way many decades from now. Since it is a problem that is talked about In astromonical figures, in the billions* most people are content to let the experts worry about it.

If one tries to project the effect population trends may have on a purely local situation, however, it is evident that the population growth presents problems close to home as well as on a worldwide basis.

What kind of community will Greenville be in the year 2000? Perhaps It sounds like too far off to worry about, but many local residents can well remember tihe kind of place Greenville was in the year 1920. Many present-day residents of Greenville hope to still be around in the year 2000.

In the forty years between 1920 and 1960, the population of Greenville almost quadrupled. If the next forty years brings the same proportion of ^owth, Greenville will be approaching a city of 100*000 population. ^

The figue is shocking, to be sure, but it may also be conservative when one considers the more rapid population growth rate anticipated in the next four decades, compared with the past four.

A city of 100,000 or more people differs from

a city in the 25,000 class. Problems of housing, transportation, streets,, utilities, employment, government, and just plain living take on vast new dimensions. Planning to meet these problems in something which cannot be postponed until the last minute. They are problems to which thought must be given not just years, but literally decades in advance. They are problems which will take shocking sums of money to solve plus years of work in transforming plans from paper to facilities.

Greenville is doing some long-range planning, but we seriously question whether its planning is nearly ambitious enough to meet the future needs of the city. Local citizens anticipate continued growth of the community, but we question whether their thoughts of growth nearly match what the future may realistically bring.

Granted, it is just about impossible for Greenville citizens of today to imagine their city with a population of 100,000 forty or so years from now. But it was probably just as impossible in 1920 for Greenville residents to imagine their city* would quadruple in population in four decades.

Greenville residents may not have time to worry about the problems the population explosion presents on a world-wide basis* but they must find time to give thought to the problems it will present for their own city.

At LgQSI FiV0 We Can But Hope For

Years For Dam

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

DAM R will take at leist five years to complete the $25 million New Hope dam now givra a green light by Congress.

Thats a long time completion date under the presently projected timetable will be In Much can happen In five years. But a 1(^ of the doubt snd uncertainty about whether the New Hope dam would ever be built was removed last week.

The project has been talked about, discussed, debated and fought for nearly twice as long as It will take to build it.

Name of the project itself, the name given to a small North Carolina stream by early settlers, has somehow been a constant comfort for those who favor building the dam and congressional approval indeed gave them new hope.

COOLEY Principal figure in the lenghty fight to block buildhig of a high dam on New Hope creek In Chatham County has been veteran Rep. Harold D. Cooley, D-N. C.

The project site lies almost In the exact center of Cooleys district which now stretches frran his home county stronghold of Nash in the East to the heart of the Piedmont in Davidson County.

Under no stretch of the imagination could New Hope be called a Cooley pork barrel project. He has opposed it and fought It, vigorously at times, and succeeded in blocking it time and again in Congress.

It was only when Cooley recently dropped his active opposition to the high dam insisted upon by the U. 6. Corps of Engineers that it gained final approval In Washington.

POSITION Cooleys posl* tlcm was that an altemate plan recommended by the Soil Cwi-servatitm Service calling for a series of small watershed dams would be more effective and less costly.

He argued that the Corps of Engineers plan, calling for high dams cm New Hope Creek and at Randleman and Howards Mill, would require many years, prove excessively costly and create cesspools of polluted waters. Most interests in the Cape Pear rtver basin, however, favored the Engineers plan for overall flood cwitrol and water conservation. Sen. B. Everett Jordan, whose home 1^ Saxapahaw is in the upper Cape Fear region, favored the New Hope dam.

Jordan says (hat building of the dam will usher in a new era of ec(momic develoianent

throughout the Cape Fear basin, largest river basin in the state.

TIMES There have been times during the struggle when those favoring the New Hope dam felt It was almost hopeless, and that their efforts were futil.

There were times when the more than 150 farm families who must be removed from the 40,000 acre reservoir area in parts of Chatham, Wake and Durham counties felt fairly secure.

There have been times too, in recent months and weeks, that entire communities in the general area of the proposed reservoir Pittsboro, Golds-ston and Gulf have felt the effects of drought and water shortages. Industrial prospects dowmstream in the Cape Pear basin have turned away because of fear of inadequate flood control measures.

PLANNING The congressional action last week signals an Immediate start on detailed planning for the project

There are preliminary studies and plans, but sources believe it will take about two years before detailed plans reach the stage at which contracts for construction can be awarded.

Officials said authorization of the project by Congress will enable working on specif i c plans at maximum speed. One of the first steps will be awarding of a contract for mapping of the reservoir area. The mapping will be done by aerial photography and surface work.

WORK Biggest task prior to strt on construction of the dam will be preparing the reservoir area. The dam is expected to inundate about 32.-000 acres.

It will involve such things as removal of 150 homes, a number of churches and other buildings. Some of the structures will be relocated. There must be a relocation of a portion of U. 8. 64 through Chatham County, between Pittsboro and the Wake County line, and relocating railroad lines in the area.

The site of the 100-foot dam will be some 80 miles west of Raleigh near the confluence of New Hope Creek and the Haw river.

Its reservoir will be a large Inland lake, similar to the new Lake Norman in Mecklenburg and Iredell counties, and to the John H. Kerr reservoir on the North Carolina-Virginia border in Vance and Granville counties. New Hope reservoir win be mostly In eastern and northern Chatham County

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Action In Year Ahead

Santa, of course, couldnt provide North Carolina particularly the eastern and western sections of the state with a major east-west highway. So, with another Christmas gone, the problem still rests in the lap of the State Highway Commission.

It is to be hoped that before-another year passes the Highway Commision will respond favorably to the pressing need for a major traffic artery linking the coastal area of the state with the mountain section and beyond.

North Carolina has good highways. It has a number of super-highways but most of these traverse the state in a north- south direction, or span the central area of the state from east to west, leaving the far eastern and the far western sections without comparable connecting links. The need for con.striicting a major east-w'est highway has been evident for a long time. Proponents of the idea have tried in vain to impress the powers-that-be that the proposal should take higher priority than many other highway construction projects.

But over the years the story has been the same. Other major links of super highways always come ahead of putting the eastern and western ends on a super highway across the state.

With 1963 all but history, we must now cling to the hope that maybe 1964 will bring positive action by the Highway Commission.

Others Write Those Soeeches

By ART BUCHWALD

Here Are The Elephants

By J. W. DAVIS

WASHINGTON (AP) - Lyn-m B. Johi)Son can do more things than most people He is a ball of fire, a one-man gang.

But he can't find time to write his own speeches, all by him-aeli.

The Presidents associat e s have dlAcloeed that Theodore C. Sorensen, who also was speech writer for President John F. Kennedy on occasion, helped Johnson write his first edcfresfi to Congress.

This is no slam at Johnson. The business of a presidential ghost writer has ancient and honorable antecedents. For example, Alexander Hamton had a ghostly hand in the writing of Goerge Washingtons famous farewell address.

A president who pay attention to his main job just doesnt have time to make the research and do the word-polishing that a iE)eech requires.

Lots of other public officials, and men in private enterprise too. have turned to ghosts to help them with their speeches, and their other writing. Sorensen helped in the research for the book Profiles of Courage which Kennedy wrote before his became president.

Sen. Barry Goldwater of Arizona provides another example.

After paying thanks to a long list of those for whole help he was grateful, Goldwater aaid he did the first dra of his book Why Not Victory?, but added;

The way I look at it, poUsh-ing my prose is not something on which I can spend a lot of time, as enjoyable as that is . . .For the proper expression of the result of that labor, I, for one, dej)end on those I have mentioned helpers, ghosts, call them what you wUl. They are an Indispensable part of politics and writing.

Sorensen once said of his teamwork with Keimedy:

I know so well what he wants to say and how he would say it that he and I cant tell where he leaves off and I leave on.

Incidentally, as for tools of the trade, a visitor to Sorensens office noted these books Oil his desk: A Treasury of Great Speeches, Bartl e 11 s Familiar Quotations and 10,-000 Jokes and Stories.

A speech has to have more than just style. It has to be delivered well.

As Gen. High (Iron Pants) Johnson of the Franklin D. Roosevelt era siaid;

No ghost writer ever permanently made a political silk purse out (tf an oratorical sows ear.

r-Don't Take Chanceai with Chronit Cou^h or

Shortness of Breath

Your ChritUnai Seal asae> ciation says if yon hava either symptom, you wuif have a Respiratory Disease (sickness of breathing). Dont take chances with RD, the nations fourth leading killer.

See your doeior.

Strength For Today

BY EARL L. DOUGLASS WELLSPRING OF OUR JOY Christmas is over.

Or is It ever overt We mark a day, but God marks a cosmic event, a continuous event which must stir mens hearts to their depths, if it stirs them at all. We arc all busy gather-erlng up the crepe paper and sweeping up the pine needles and trying to get the house back in order. We recall with a wry smile how many hours we {pent selecting just the right toy, MKl after the children had looked at them, they laid them down and began with much more satisfaction to play with the boxes and wrapping paper In which the gifts came.

Oh. this day after Christmas I But wait, you have been misinformed. Christmas Is not over. Christmas never begins aod Christmas never ends, if ttm

\

heart is right with Ood. For Christmas Is not a day. Neither Is it a state of mind. It is a state of soul. R was dawning fnon the day Adam and Eve left the Garden of Eden until the night the Babe was bora. But the Day has been with us ever since. Millions have died the martyrs death becauee of their unshaken (xmvlction that the Day was here to remain forever. Church councils have met. The bells of Christs churches have been ringing for centuries. Oudst is still herein His Church, in tlM market place. In the laboratory, in the offices and factories with their busy round of activities.

Christmas came, but if we are true foUowera of Christ, we do not let Christmas go again. We cling to it. It is our hope. It is the never-failing waUspring f our Joy.

If youve got anyone in the family between the ages of six and twelve, then you have probably heard an elephant joke. Elephant jokes are sweeping the country. No one is quite sure how the rage started, but two astute young men, Robert Price and Leonard Stern, decided to cash in on it by publishing an elephant joke book entitled The Elephant Book. The book has been selling like peanuts and in less than four months the publishers have unloaded 350,000.

What gave you the idea for the book? we asked our goof friend Mr. Price.

Well, this is a case of a demand for something and no

product available. We knew kids were meeting in dark alleys and under lamp-posts and in cellars exchanging elephant jokes, but no one had bothered to put any of them on paper Someone had to do it.

How did you find the jokes in such a short span of time? There are a lot of classical elephant jokes, such as: Why do elephants lie on their backs with their feet in the air? The answer is: So they can trip birds. Or: How do you get four elephants into a Volkswagen? Answer: Two In the front and two in the back. And then we made a lot up ourselves. That the great thing about elephant jokes. You can

Other Editors Saying.. '.n Slow Motion

(Christian Science Monitor) Consider the hardihood of the American motorist. He is undaunted by the delays of bumper-to-bumper congestion or the dangers of 50-mlle-an-hour expressway packs. He takes parking problems and traffic tickets in a rolling stride. He is the delight of the automobile makers, highw a y builders, and oil companies, but the despair of the urban planners.

Tell him he could commute to work for a fraction of what be spends on a car. and he will reply, Just try to go as many places as I have to in a day and see how long it takes you by subway and bus. Rapid transit cant go everywhere only where the traffic Is heavy. But building multilane expressways through metropolitan centers is fantastically expensive. By one estimate a 700-car parking gr age can cost $2.5 million to serve 1,100 persons or fewer than might be carried In one rapid transit train.

Where the theories of t h e railtransit planners break down is that as a city spreads out radially the room between houses increases and the lines of concentration diminish. But a few even of the motor-minded masses apparently are concluding that a car is less of a convenience on a downtown street than when it takes you to an outlying station, from which to speed electrically to the center of things.

Thus San Francisco and the Bay Area voted a year ago to bond itself to build a 75-mll6 double-track electric railway system after trying to get along without one. Philadft-phia, through a joint venture between the city government and two railroads, has increased commuter train ridership by 40 per cent by offering more frequent service and lower fares.

In Massachusetts a state and

federally subsidized experiment on the Boston & Maine Railroad north of Boston has indicated that passengers can be drawn back to rail lines, though the company still despairs of making it pay. and the effort comes apparently too late for the New Haven system in the area.

Around New York City, the largest commuter center, a movement to establish a tristate commission, representing New York State, New Jersey, and Connecticut, has broken down at least until next year through failure of the New Jersey Legislature to act before adjournment.

And In Washington, (he House of Representatives December 9 gave a sharp setback to rapid transit planning when by a large vote It turned back to committee a program already cut in half from tht recommended by former President Kennedy in 1962. In view of this vote, work probably will proceed on four miles of freeway tha( was in doubt across the north central part of the capital city.

For thousands of workers without cars and other thousands who would rather leave their cars in the suburbs, urban rapid transit over greater extended lines is becoming a necessity. There is a place In urban and suburban area planning both for rubber tires and for .steel flanges.

With the federal government offering 90 percent of the cost of an interstate highway system, and with earlier rail system. and going down under weight of local taxation, effective suM>ort for rapid transit service In American cities has become an Imperative. Funds to enable the Ccxnmerce Department to continue research on balanced coordination of transportation methods are pending In Congress: they

should be provided without delay.

make them up.

Some the boys made up were: How do you know if an elephants standing near you in the elevator? Answer: By the smell of peanuts on his breath. Why dont more elephants go to college? Answer; Not too many finish high schoolV What did Tarzan say when he saw the elephants coming over the hill? He said, Here come the elephants over the hill

Mr. Price has his own theory about the popularity of Elephant jokes. Kids love to be one of their parents and there is no better way of trapping adults than with an elephant joke.

But why el^hants? we asked.

Rs the biggest mammal around, Mr. Price replied, if youre going to tell a big joke, youve got to have a big animal.

Since Mr. Prices book came out, he has been deluged with elephant jokes coming in from all over the country. He suspects adults are even sending them in.

Answer: That does It. Im closing up the jungle.

How do you make an elephant float?

You take a scoop of ice cream, soda water, and one elephant.

It is typical of Mr. Stem and Mr. Price to start wondering what elephants are saying about people, and they are now thinking of putting out a people book for elephants.

So far they've come up with: Why do people have babies? Answer: Because they cant have elephants.

Why do people eat peanuts with their hands?

Because they cant eat them with their noses.

Why do people lie on their backs with their feet in the air?

To keep elephants from walking on them.

Why do- people always start wars?

Because they dont have the brains of an elephant.

Opinions In Brief

The nations grief over the death of its president should have some restraint. For it to get out of bounds would be maudlin, and no compliment to the PresidCTt or tlw Kennedy family.^Arizona (Tucson) Daily Star.

One of the feature writers discussed the subject of how much one should spend at Christmas. No matter what the conclusion, the result is always the same: More than you could afford.-The Raleigh Times.

ooled

by JOHN CHAMBERLAIN Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

There may be considerably more than meets the eye in President Lyndon Johnsons appointment of Thomas Mann, who has been U. S. Ambassador to Mexico, to take charge of both our economic and political relations with Latin America. The appointment could be Johnsons definitive warning that Fidel Castro must go.

The reason for saying this is that Mann has the reputatiion among anti-Castro Cubans of having never been fooled in twenty years of State Department work by Communist of any stripe. As a career foreign service man, he was Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs for a brief but very important period in 1960. He took over for Roy Rubottom, who had been blamed by critics of the State Department Fourth Floor for misjudging the character of Castro in the last days of the Batista dictatorship in C^uba because of Castros arbitrary limitatiwi of the U. S. Embassy staff in Havana.

Manns reactlcm to his experience with Castro earned him the accolade among the an-Fidellsta of being a hard-liner in their behalf who would permit guerilla activity. Johnson may have picked Maim for his new job partly because of old friendship (both are Texans). But it is recalled in Washington that Johnson himself was particularly urgent about taking a particularly hard approach to the Cuban missile crisis in October of 1962. He was among those who have been quoted as advising John F. Kennedy to confront the Soviets with the demand that they take both their missiles and their soldiers out of Cuba in one move.

The tip-off to Thomas Manns steely character is to be found in the soft-headed liberal reaction to his appointment. The softs have tried to picture him as a right - winger whose image will do much to destroy the good-will built up by Kennedy below the Rio Grande. Whether the softs know it or not, they are par^ roting the Communist line on Mann. In the Communist press in Mexico Ambassador Mann and the designated next President of Mexico, Diaz Ordaz, are portrayed as being reao-tionaries who are arm in arm. Actually, Mann has helped Mexico raise at least a half a billion dollars in capital for all sorts of projects, public and private, during tha past three years. He has made the Alliance For Progress a reality in at least one country below the Rio Grande. In addition, it was Mann who settled the U. S.-Mexlcan El Paso border dispute that had been hanging fire for a century.

What the Communists particularly resent about Mann is that he was instrumental in helping to rid Guatemala of Its Communist government, the first such government In the Americas, during the Eisenhower yeare. He was political counsellor to our Ambassador to Guatemala, Jack Peurifoy, at the time of the Communist ouster.

Since Mann has been close to President Lopez Mateos of Mexico, he might be the very person to persuade the Mexicans *to break with Castros government. This could be an extremely Important part of Manns mission. For it is by way of Mexico that Castro had been infiltrating Central America, and even South America, with spies, agitators and agents provacateurs. Air travel between Havana and Mexico City is unimpeded, and visas have been easy to get. Moreover, spare parts from the U. S., needed to keep Castros rapidly depreciating Industrial equipment from a complete breakdown, have been moving in significant quantities to Cuba by way of Mexico. To persuade Mexico to break off relations with Havana, a U. S. policy that is acceptable to Latin America as a whole must first be achieved. But Mann is a good choice to hammer out such a policy.

Finally, Mann apparently has carte blanche from Lyndon Johnson to do as he thinks best with(Hit being second-ueased by anybody. Under him the economics and polltl( of our relations with Latin America will be run as a tandem affair. The thing to watch now (Continued from Page )

So It's Legal To Hoard Gold?

By ELMER ROESSNER

A little - noticed Federal Court decision holds that it is not illegal'to hoard gold.

The deiSlon was handed down by the U. S. District Court for the Southern District of California almost a year ago. It was made in the case of James Biddle and Harold D(mald Mitchell, charged with holding gold bullion. The specific charge was of violating a section of the U.S. Code making it illegal to dis o b e y rules proclaimed by the President in a natltmal emergency. President Franklin D. Roosevelt has proclaimed such a national emergency In 1933 and forbade the hoarding gold. FDR ACTED FAST

The court noted that President Roosevelts first proclamation to this end was unconstitutional, but that four days later Congress authorized such action and tbs proclamation

was reissued later. <

It added, Certainly a national emergency of an economic nature existed in 19S3 at the time Executive Order No. 6260 was promulgated. The withdrawal and hoarding of gold threatened the nations entire economy. . .

It is a simple matter to date the commencement of a naticmal emergency by its de-claraUon. But unless the ending is marked by proclamation also, it is sometimes (Ui-flcuH Indeed to determine. . .

It is now too clear for debate, as a matter of CixnmcHi knowledge, that the 1933 economic emergency ended long before 1962. Accordingly, the court should and does not judicially notice the fact. . . . And while communist imperialism continues to pose a threat to the nation, the existence of that struggle, that 'national emergency, can not

serve to prolong unUl almost 30 years later the 'Great Depression of 1933.

OPPOSES CRIMES BY FIAT

To hold that the resistance of communist imperialism authorizes the criminal provisions here in issue would be to ccndone the methods of the enemy. For if the President of the United States be permitted to create crimes by fiat and ukase, without Constitutional mandate, there Is little to choose between their system and ours.

The court then added this blister:

The years since the 1933 enactment of the Enaldtag Act have been the wholesale abdication of power by the Congress to the Prerident. R Is not the functlwi of the Judicial Department to sit in judgment dpon the wisdom of that trend, but U Is both the

function and the duty of the courts to hold the exercise o delegated Cimgressional powers strictly within the confines prescribed by Congress. A multo fortiori (which much more force) so, where Congress delegates to the ExecuUve the power to make criminal what was heretofore lawful.

So its legal to hoard gold. Jill your ceUar - If you can Imd anyone to seU it to you.

insurance from income tax Brnc

to another little - noticed de-clsi^, the . S. Supremo pxirt held that when state laws exempt life Insurance ro-

iters liens, the Federal government cannot seize it for ^es. The case involved reel-wWM, K New York State,

H I emptU. The decision would not apply in states which do not exempt Insurance from creditors.