Tlmtidajr, December 19, 196S

Depends On The Congressmen,. T<x>

Step Aside For Younger Men?

President Johnsons bid to reduce the amount of ufuieeessary federal spendmsr at every level of govemmeiit must depend for success not only on those in his cxcutive branch of government, but upon the attitude of individual congressmen as welt.

When It was announced several days ago that some SO military base* in the United States and overseas were to be closed or substantially reduced, there were jaunediate protests from individual congressmen and even from state congressional delegations Whether these protests will, in the long run, modify the program outlined by the Secretary of Defense raxnaias to be seen.

trim the pet project in which I am interested. This attitude prevails not only in the halls of oCngress, but among the citizenry across the country.

,Under such conditions, ^t is only natural that proposals for reducing budgets or spending at any point will bring loud voices of protest. These protests cannot be completely ignored; but at the same time they must not be allowed to determine )bhe ultimate course that will be followed.

It is necessary for the administration, the Confess and the people to recognize that the elimination of waste in government spending is going to pinch someones toes. It is also necessary that they

It IS aoforegone conclusion, however, that a recognize that failure to eliminate unnecessary Sim lar reaction may be expected in Congress as well spending where possible pinches the toes of every as from cd:hef sourees^ with each economy measure citizen of the country, proposed by the aciministration. There is almost President Johnsor

President Johnson has chosen a most worth-universal agreement that the cost of 'government while, but also a most difficult task for his admin-could be reduced without seriously impairing ser- istration as he seeks to effect greater economy in vices, by squeezing out the fat in^various agency and federal operations, program budgets. But beyond the agreement on this broad generalization, there is a gulf of difference of opinion on how and whe^ th* fat cari be trimmed. Usually ^t boils down to a case of willing

ness to trim the other fellows budget, but dont

Political Story Of 2 Decisions

No' More Pretense As To Why WaU Went Up

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES TOP Barring a staring surprise during Chrietznas week, ranking of the biggest single political story of the in

North Carolina io '^hoce t

The Soviets have dropped the last vestige of their pretense that the Berlin wall was not built to keep East Berliners from fleeing to freedom.

By entering into an agreement to allow East Berliners to visit relatives in East Berlin during the Christmas season, the Soviets have shown clearly that they do not fear West Berliners moving into their territory nearly as much as they fear that East Berliners will flee from captivity if they have the opportunity.

During the more than two years since the Berlin wall was constructed, the Soviets have played

rate decision d two men The men were Bert Bcnmett Jr., Democrat, and Rep. Charles R. Jcxias, RemibUi^.

Their individual decisions were the same they would not be candidates f(N* governor in 1964.

Except for the background of

nlzed and well-defined Democratic organization which was geared to support him for governor. threw his support to Preyer.

tiy&psgsii tone -HjeI Sm wsih war iiot constructed to keep the East Berliners^ in captivity. Even if some people in other parts of the world have accepted the Soviet version of the reason for the wall up to now, this latest development exposes the

tinue to move and Inilld on the foundations of progressive state govemnaent.

Moore made it clear Uiat he had held an intentim to > run for governor for many years. His middle-of-the-road candidacy won Immediate endorsement oi senior Sen. Sam J. Er-

gy EYm"Tra.R

Uie situation, their statementsvln Jr., Dr. Henry Jordan of

removing themselves from contention for the governorship would have been little more than ordinary political ripples. But the background cloaked their decisions with far-reaching significance.

EFFECT -- Bennettt. who had been state campaign manager few Terry Sanford in 1960 and was then state Democratic chairman, made his unexpected decision in late summer.

Jonas waited until October to say he would not be available as the Republican ncuni-nee for governor.

The dedslons. both flat and Anal, had the .immediate effect at creating a vaccum In the respective political Parties. This effect, however, was more prcmounced and prolonged in the Republican ranks.

There was a quick flurry of activity among the states Democrats bringing on the earliest start of a Demoratic primary campaign for govemcM' In recent history. Nevertheless, the fact that it was to be a campaign without Bennett on the ballot also had an effect.

CANDIDATES ^ Even be^ tore Bennett officially confirmed the fact that he had decided to withdraw as a possible 'candidate, petitions were being circulated to draft young, perscmable federal judge L. Ri-ohardson Preyer of Greensboro to make a bid.

In western North Carolina, former superior court judge Dan K. Moore of Canton telephone a newspaper and said he was a candidate, and Preyer resigned his judicial port and came in. In early December, cmiservative-minded Dr. I. Beverly Lake of Raleigh an nounced that his name would be on the ballot. In all, there were five Democrats lined up with Moore, Preyer and Lake the major figures and several oiers were giving thought to the Idea of running.

SITUATIONS This situa^ tlon developed rather quickly after Bennetts decision not to run. If not because <rf this decision, it was given Imptus by It. ' \

Bennett, leader of a reco-

Cedar Falls, and a number of other widely-known state political figures.

Dr. Lake was the best known < of the three both by name and position as a conservative states righter. Lake was run-nerup to Sanford in the two hard fought primaries of 1960. He told supporters he would have preferred waiting until after Christmas and after New Years to announce, Imt that the rapidly developing campaign made it desirable for the voters to know his intentions.

VACCUM The Jonas decision left the states Republicans without a name candidate for w'hat had been predicted would be the most serious OOP bid for the governorship in more than 60 years.

It appeared that this predic-ti(i was based almost entirely on the premise that Jonas would consent to be the GOP nominee.

A member of Guilford Countys all-Republlcan delegation in the General Assembly, Donald Badgley. announced as .a candidate for governor as soon as the legislature adjourned last June. Badgley said he would withdraw If Jonas came in, but when Jonas declined Badgley paid his filing fee and said he was In the race to stay.

This virtually assured a Republican primary for governor next Another Guilford

State Rep. J. Herman Saxrai of Mecklenburg County succeeded Robert L. Gavin of San-fdrd during the summer and Saxon, a one-time Democrat, has to remove hls^name later as a possible gubernatorial candidate. So did young Guil-fwd Rep. William Osteen, the GOPs legislative minority leader

Veteran State Sen. W. Lunsford Crew of Halifax succeeded Bennett as Democratic chairman' an appointment reconmmided by Gov, Terry Sanford and Interpreted as a move to pull factions of the states Democratic party together and guard against severe wounds In the forthcoming 1964 primary campaigns.

true purpose of the wall for all to see.

It is evident from the Soviet decision that there is still a burning desire among East Berliner* to escape to the West. It is evident that the Soviet* are not willing to risk the slightest opportunity for their captives in East Berlin to step across the wall which now divides the city. ^

Conversely, the strength of the Western posi- thebittrlL tion and the confidence of West German officials When officers took Paul M. in that position, is evidenced by the Willingness Handlton Into custody he had to allow all West Berliners who desire to do so ^ persrm plus two

to visit relatives in the East.

Wont Be A Penny Shor

The man charged with robbing State Bank and Trust Companys Circle Office may have tei cents of the $3.400 he is accused of taking.

At any rate the FBI is returning the complete $3.400 to

Awaiting I China's Change

old drtlar bills and two cents. One new biU was missing from a pack of a hundred one dollar bills.

Tlw FBI learned that Ham-lltOQ ^>ent 88 cents for dinner and theorized that he paid for this with one of the new dollar Mils.

He also^ had .a package of pork skins which cost the other dime. Officers c(Hifiscated one of the two old dollar bills Hamilton had which brought the $3,399 back up to $3,400, the exact amount missing frtHn the bank.

This left Hamilton with a dollar bill plus the two cents change. Thus he would up paying for the dinner and the pork skins with his own mwiey. The FBI didnt say whether or not Hamilton kept the poric skins.

Your columnist wandered into the Moose Lodge just after the weekly meeting had concluded M(mday night.

The Daily Reflector

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BY JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)Piws-ident Johnsons adminlstratioi, like President John F. Kennedys, is reconciled to a long wait before there can be hope of dealing with Red China in a reasonable and peaceful way.

The hope, such as it is, tq;>-parently is based (m the idea that wh^ the present leaders of China die out the men just take over younger men just below the top now will be more realistic about the worid they live in.

This was the essence of a talk made a few days ago by Roger Hikman .assistant secretary of state for Fslt Eastern affairs.

It is not a new idea In history that the pimeers in a political movement are rtten impelled by fanaticism to convert and dtmiinate and that the zeal remains undiminished in their lifetime. The result is extremism.

The cariy revolutionary has nothing to lose but his life, which he is willing to lose, along with that of everyone else. If death doesnt stop hhn he may create a new order. This Is what his successors inherit.

Now they have more to lose than Uieir lives in any nwnan-tic or reckless adventure, certainly in a nuclear, time like this. The reallzatl(m has a sobering and conservative effect.

The Red Chinese leader, Mao Tze-tung, and the other top men still around him, all aging now, were the pltmeers, the fanatics, who began the Chinese revolution back in the 192QS and never stopped until they WOTi in 1949.

They are beginning to die out. R was on their successors that Hilsman seemed to pin his hope.

But until there is evidence of change, Hilsman said, this country will continue^ its policy of strength and firmness. which. In blunter language, means stiff-arming China.

Although real peace with Russia to in the future, the relationship with the Soviets

Is lot better than It was and far better than it Is with Red China.

But even the present Chinese leadership seems to be takhig a more realistic view, at leart about its capabilities. The Red Chinese foreign minister, Chm Yi. recently told an Australian televlsioD ioducer in an inters view:

China needs 100 years to become a modem state.

Other

Some

Editors Saying.. Good Advice-

(Hie Smtthlfeld Herald)

Opinions 'h Brief

Indeed a mingling of strains can, and does, add an extra touch of intelligence and charm, and the world with dogs ccnsisting solely of impeccable aristocrats and without a single endearing mong-real in sight would be a poorer place.* (Linidoii Times)

Speaker McCormack denies thkt this has been a do-nothing Ciongrcss. Didnt they put on that ValachI show Port Myers News-Press.

It will come as a surprise to many, we know, that long ago, before World War I, Czarist Russia in a favorable harvest year exported 10 million tons of grain. Soviet propagandists. native and foreign, have taxen pride In pointing up a contrast between progress under communism and the so-called hopeless backwardness of pre-commdnlst times. But the record export figure of 10 million tons of grain has never been equalled in 46 jrears of Soviet riile. Opportunity Herald.

Congrtes eould balance the budget toytime it wishes simply by only authorizing a certain mount and by making it sUdk.Canton (N.O.) Enterprise. ' .

Scnne Americans who should know better, as well as some Americans steeped in ignorant. were saying that the Communists are at the bottom <a all this civU rigMs stuff. Absurd! exclaimed J. Edgar Hoover, director of the Federal Bureau of investigation, In a speech the other day in Washington.

Mr. Hoover put things in focus. It is absurd to suggest that Negro aspirations for equal rights are- Communist-inspired, he declared, but it is true that some individuals and groups exidoit tl^ tension for purposes not confined to the equality of human rights under the Constitution of the United States.

The directs of the FBI properly warned legitimate civil rights groups against lettl n g Communist corrupt their ranks. He properly warned these groups against lettl n g their crusade lead to violence.

But this speech by Mr. Hoover was not simply'a speech against Teft-wlzig extmnisro. Listen:

The cause of Communism-Is well served by hatemongers the lunatic fringe, and other rebel* who preach a doctrine of malice and intolerance toward their fellow man.

Ibese ven(nous fanatics, whether of the left or right, are carriers of a highly infectious disease; ttey have brought forth the txxnbs and ignited the flames that have killed decent Americans and even Innocent children: they are a national disgrace.

This was an anti-Communlst speech, but it was not negative in Its c(xiclusion as so many anti-Communlst utterance are. Mr. Hoover declared that

It was a cold night, if you recall, so practically every coat hook was taken with an overcoat. I hung mine on an empty one in a row of several others.

When I prepared to leave the coat was gone. However, there was another very similar coat hanging nearby and I as-sumted that the owner had taken mine by mistake. So I waited it out feeling sure the coat would be returned.

Sure enough a man opened the 4oor and. with an exasperated look, entered the lodge carrying an over coat on his arm.

One can imagine his exas-perati(si wboi one realizes he

was of average height and your columnist is six foot four inches.

The man had the coat over his arm despite the bitter cold outside. Without a word he strode back to the coat rack, hung up the overcoat and picked up the other one, which was very nearly the same In color (Mily smaller.

He then strode back to the bar and ordered a beer.

Communism cannot be defeated by hysteria and name calling, but it can be defeated by education and, living proof that our way of life is best.

If we in America simply answer hate with more hate, violence with more violence, sup-ression of human rights with more suppression of ' hum a n righte, thought control with more thought control, wherein _ are we better than the Com- l Jl I I III munlsts?

Public

An old story bears repeating. Its the one about the Dukho-bors, who came from Russia and settled In Western Canada in the late 19th century. On holy days, the Dukhbors were supposed to take off their clothes and walk around naked. A greatly disturbed Canadian Government worked diligently to discourage the practice, but there was always trouble with a few die-hards.

On one of these sacred days, a Candan mountie saw a naked Dukhobor running through the woods. The mountie got off his horse and- gave chase. It was a hot day, and the heavUy clothed mountie was at a disadvantage. As the Dukhobor seemed to gain ground, the mountie began to shed some of his heavy gear. He took off his coat, then his Sam Brown belt and other equipment. But the Dukhobor kept gaining. The chase got hrtter. The mountie got hotter, and he soon had discarded everything but his underwear. Still, he could not overtake the naked Dukhobor. Finally he discarded even his underwear in a desperate' thrust forward. The mountie now closed in ( the Dukhobor. but as he was about to end the chase and arrest the fugitive, there was no way anyone/ could tell who was the Dukhobor and who was the mounttt.

To The Editor:

I think that we can give a rising vote of thanks to the citizens of our fair city; but more especially the lady element of our society.

When the good wife of a very prominent lawyer stops her car on a cold day on one of our busy streets, gets out and removes a ragged iriece of metal from the path of the traffic so as to prevent an ugly accident that Could NX)I1 the holidays for someone among us.

I am sure this great lady represents the majority and not minority of her sex in our city.

(I know who) A salute to you Mrs. L. R.

Ivey Coward

Resian Yoursel::

Above

Such

1 ncKS

BY JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963, King Featui^ Syndicate, Ine.

, When Hjalmar Horace Gret-ley Schacht, the German fio-ancial wizard of the ninetem thirties, began cooking up aH sorts of tricks to keep hk master Hitler from having s balance of payments problem, the world trading communl^ regarded it as hitting belof the belt. The bilateral barter deal* that exchanged German aspirin for Balkan tobacco without recourse to the forei eocchange market efXectivelj keiA individual aspirin and tobacco merchants from bidding for the business. Nobody liked Schachts methods, which were condemned as German Isolatioo-1am and autarchy.

Having fought a war to get rid of Schacht, the United States should be the last country In the world to go in for the old Nazis autarchical methods. But what is the mopos-ed tax (XI American purchases of new foreign securities but a Schachtlan device? In e sence, it draws an effertive political circle around the amount of money which foreign Dte^ prisers might hope to raise in the United States, Moreover, it does this at a time when we are preaching to Latin American members of the Alliance for Pr(^ss that they should be putting much greater reli-' 'Lftci on "MaiifcttaBifi Wftto investment. No only Is the proposed penalty on Americans who want to lend abroad a Schachtlan trick; it Is also an indication that we are becoming a nation of hypocrites.

The answer of those who want to keep Americans fnn sending dollars overseas to buy foreign securities Is that must be pragmatic. The dollars, we are told, are tickets that are cashable for our dwindltng gold supply, and the i*agmatists boast that the very hint of penalties on buying foreign securities has already helped our balance of payments sltuaticm. Europeans are ceasing to borrow money in this country.

The tr(xible with the purely pragmatic ai^roach Is that it boomerangs. No nation that prides itself on being a strong bastion of democratic capital-imi. a position that presui^os-es the desirability of a free flow of investment capital across political borders, can tirfle with its principles without causing reprisals. If foreign entenxlsers are cut off from access to private investment funds in the worlds strongest and most fecund eo-(xionay. they will turn to their own governments for help. Socialism will get some more converts, and a United States of America that has exhlMted such distrurt in the operation of ctoitaUrt financial techni-(fues will find that its dollar is less and less respected.

Even from the pragmatlo point of view the pn^sed tax on purchases (rf foreign securities has its shortctanings. During the nineteenth century Brtt-ishers who couldnt find use for their growing capital at home deployed It all over the world. They built railroads In the United States and in the Argentine. They were engaged In insuring foreigners goods from one foreign port to another. The result was a vast flow of Income to Britahi from everywhere. This money helped balance the pounds Sterling and the gold which Brttain had to pony up for the foodstuffs and raw materials she had to Import to live, yet the Initial sacrifice of pounds and gold needed to pay for DUnois Central Railroad seciMltle^. for example, was a drain on the British treau7. The pragmatists of the day might have objected to letting mcmey go out of England if they had thcHight in Washingtons present-day terms. And if they had succeeded In stopping the export of British capital they would have fcneclosed the British future.

In a brilliant speech at the recent Divestment Bankers Association c(xivention In Hollywood, Fla., Andrew Overby, a New York banker who was formerly Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, remarked that the proposed tax (Hi foreign securities purchases would hurt the . S. balance of pay-ments In the tong run without doing it much good for the (Continued On Page 8)

igth For Today

By ELMER ROESSNER, 10036

BY EARL L. DOUGLASS IT WORKS BOTH WAYS

A minister in a pagtoral calling recently arrived at home to find two little boys quarrelling oHsr the use of a sled which they owned In common. He nevtf ^ lets me have the sled at iim. tMHnpLalncd the younger boy. I do so, replied the older, boy Indignantly. I have the sied when its going donw hill and he ha the sled when its going up th^ hill.

There is mani a family breakup because bu%and and wife conduct their affairs on a philosophy as ridlqilous as this. One gets all tbdi breaks. all the 'attention, au the service

and justify this dlrt)roporti(xi-^ ate arrangement of affairs by a philosophy ae ridiculous as that employMl by big brother in the use of the sled.

It Is amaslng jK>w selfish people can sometimes be without the least realization In the world that they are selfish. Some people think it ts perfectly natural for everyone to

serve them, to think only of their coovenlenoc, to give In to their ideas and suggestions all the time. Usually in a jangling household there Is more than one person to blame. Business partnerships break up not just because one member everything he ought to be and the other a selfish scoundrel. Life Is too complex to be explained as easUy as that. If you are in the habit of claiming justification for practically everything you do, get out of the circle of this viclous habit as quickly as possible. Life la not only a 50-50 prcq;>0Btll0D. It is sometimes a 90-10 proposition with you getting 10 percent now and -somebody 1 else the 10 percent later.

But we do have to pretty well aware of our selfish tendencies if we are to get through life with any satisfaction either to ourselves or to others.

Dont,;2sk to ride the sled down the hill all the time. Take your turn at pulling it up the hilL

The ZIP code is here to stay. Furthermore, it Is another step to further automation of mail handling.

When the Post Office first announced its Zone Improvement Plan, there was considerable skepticism. I telephoned several F^eral agencies to ask the ZIP number of their Washington office and was told We dont know. Dont bother with It. Just use Washington 25. D. C.

Post Office employees told several friends of mine, The ZIP code is Just another idea. Pay no attention to It. Even the Port Office will forget it soon.

But the Port Office Is not forgetting. In fact, it is adding ZIP numbers In M more cities and may eventually Include every mall address in the United States.

WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT Here is what businesses can do about it:

1. Give up resisting. Sure, Its part of the unholy trend to reducing all Americans to numbered robots but resisiting ZIP

coding isnt the way to fight it. Better elect anti-numbering legislators,

2. Dont order any more envelopes or letterheads until you decide how you are gc^ to feature your ZIP number.

3. Make the new system work for you by sfag 2EEP numbers boldly on return addresses and reply ravel(^?e8 and cards. Ckxi-

' sider reply addresses In this style:

10036

New York, N. Y.

230 W. 4isl St.,

Your CJo., Inc.

The top-to-bottom sequence ought to get the fastest action posrtble.

CHANGES TO COME'

But dont expect that to be the permanent form. Sooner or later the Post Offi(5e Department will be prepared to ask people to have their reply cards and envelopes printed with their ZIP numbers In magnetic ink along the bottom of the envelope. The same system will be rec(xmnended to people with regular mall 1 n g lists. Then these missives can be fed into machines that wUl automatically sort them and

speed them on their way faster than the average post office clerk can decipher my handwriting.

And some day this magnetic Ink business wUl increase and no one wUl use names and addresses on envelopes sny more. They will simply Imprint a series of magnetic numbers that will lip them by fastest possible means from Hither, Calif., to Yon. Me.

Meanwhile, local post offices will supply ZIP code numbers for lists of addressees. By supplying the port office with names and addrraaes on galleys, (mt on S-by-S-lnch cards arranged by states, businesses can get their lists coded free.

The ZIP numbers arent mysterious. The country is divided into 10 areas numbered 0 through 9. and the flrrt digit in a ZIP code is the number of the area. The next two digits stand for a city In that area, and the last two digits are the old postal sons number. - -

sing ZIP

mlUi(xi in intemattonal trade In liquor last year, according to retired Admiral ^mMam * Marshall, president of the Bourbon Institute. This risked a wrresponding amount of gd. he said.

His solution: action by the eral government to get foreign nations to lower barriers against American-made whls-

^ another fly In the Admiralr ~

^ drink: It o)sts

m ^ bourbon SS? ^ London but

a case to ship from Laooa to New

SHORT R SIGNIFTCANT

B^KSS NKwiiS^ Thailand 1$ seeking to Im-

80) iuiJfi manufacture

household electric bulbs an

Dl^ put in

November cost $5.7 bll-

thin to 1962. CoSrS department rtporU The Ota hi 'kbt-

..I* Mr. VI Mr,.

SAYS IMPORTED UQUOR ADD TO GOLD DRAIN The United States lost $300

-uvw rc;:

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il

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