Wtdnsday, December 18, 1963

More Than Automation To Blame

Youve Got TGel Off Enough Weight

There is great concern in many parts of the nation, and rightfully so, about problem of unemployment. There is also great concern in many parts of the country over a related problem . . . that of under-employment.

In a large measure both problems are a result oi shifts in various phases of the nations economy, and the inability of those put out of work by the changes to find new employment suitable to their abilities. In some cases the unemployed are skilled workers who have found it necessary to take less skilled jobs or do without work. In other cases,, the unemployed are semi-skilled or unskilled workers whose jobs have been eliminated, and they find themselves not qualified for the jobs that are available.

There is the tendency to blame the entire problem on the overall term automation, but ov-vionsly there are many other factorjs which have had a great influence on these changes.

It is vital, we think, that the individual states carefully evaluate the particular problems which

Critical View Of Sneaker Ban

face them in connection with unemployment and under-employment. The causes of the problem and the effects of itvary from state to state, and indeed from community to community within a state. It is not likely that one over-all program, pointed toward one particular phase of the problem, will provide a remedy in every state or every community.

The program designed to deal with the problems must be tailor-made for the particular area involved.

In North Carolina, there are some communities where the problem of und^-employment is much more acute than the problem of unemployment. There are some areas where the lack of i^qualifications on the part of those seeking employment is much more basic to the problem than the overall lack of job opportunities in those areas.

It is time to stop batting around in genera! terms the problems of unemployment and underemployment. It is time for each comunity and area-particularly in North Carolinato get down to brass tacks with its own problems and try to develop programs which will meet its most acute needs. Certainly, the creation of additional jobs through greater economic development is one part of the answer . . . but it is only a part of the answer in most cases. Beyond the generalization, each individual area should develop its own program to meet its individual needs.

BY WILUAM A. SHIRES

BAN A conservative-minded Virginia newspaper, the Richmwid News Leader, is taking a dim view of repoits that Virginia legislators will be asked to enact a ccmnterpart of North Carcdinas anti-cbm-munist speaker ban.

The reports indicate that such A bill may be introduced in Virginias Geaieral Assembly next mwith by State Sen. William P. Stone of Martinsville, Va. At present North Carolina is the cmly state with such a sweeping speaker ban on the books. ^

Virginias Sen. Stone is the brother of North Carolinas Senate president T. Clarence kA StoneviUe - a staunch advocate of the speaker ban and one 0 those instrumental in pushing It into law last Jue.

According to the reports, the Virginia version would be extended to apply also to so-called Nazis. Both communist Gus Hall and American Nazi leader George Lincoln Rockwell have spoken to student groups at the University of Virginia.

Criticize The News Leader quickly criticizes any such effort to ban speakers. It says the only effect of such a gag law would be to deny...all per-aonali access to speakers expounding a Communist point of view...that controls upward of 900 million of the worlds inhabitants. We shall all faU to understand it at our peril.

"It is no bad thing, in a students search for the truth, to be exposed to lies, the newspaper says. But it would be a terrible thing, in a state devoted to freedom of inquiiT. to place such Legislative fetters upon an administrations proper job. It calls it a regrettable scheme.

NAMES The camp of gubernatorial candidate Dan K. Moore appears to be running ahead In the race to assemble a vanguard of well-known state political figures.

It began with a stunning endorsement by Sen. Sara J. Ervin Jr. and has been adding quite a number of widely-known names, such as those of Lindsay Warren and Rep. Alton A. Lennon, to the list.

Moore forces believe, however, that they have been at a disadvantage in not having a ready-made political organization to swing behind their man when he announced. Although they have a number of name foUow'ers, either endorsing Moore or actively working in his behalf, they may be behind both L. Richardson Prey-

rmr Dr.-T.-Birvefirx^^ organizational readiness.

ADDITIONS Latest names added to the Moore staff are those of former Rep. and state 1> mocratic chairman Woodrow W. Jones of Rutherfordton

and former state Rep. I. T. (Tim) Valentine Jr. of Nashville.

Jones and Valentine were named regional managers for the Moore campaign.

Jones Increases the list of Moore followers who have held aspirations for the governorship themselves or who have been mentioned in the past as gubernatorial possibilities. In addition to Jones this list includes Dr. Henry Jordan of Cedar Falls, Watts Hill of Dtir-ham, former House Speaker Joe Hunt Jr. and state Sen. Robert Morgan of Shelby.

SPECULATION - There is considerable interest about the possible preference of still another widely-known leader and frequently-mentioned gubernatorial possibility, Thomas J. Pearsall of Rocky Mount.

There is que;rtion as to whether Pearsall will elect to take sides in the campaign. Another hlghly-influential Easterner, Lindsay Warren, was quoted recently as saying he was for Moore but did not plan to take an active part in the Moore campaign.

There is speculation about what significance might be attached to a visit to Moore head-qquarters last week by former House Speaker Addison Hewlett.

JAMES - Dr. W. D. (Bill) James of Hamlet, with two terms in the State Senate behind him, is now thinking about trying for a seat in the 1965 House of Representatives.

A surgeon and chief of staff at Hamlet hospital, James is interested primarily in health legislation and and in landing chaii*manship of the House health committee. With my experience in the Senate and on the Senate health committee, I think wed be able to enact some really useful health legislation. James says. He thinks it would be worth a try.

With a rotation agreement between Richmond and Scotland counties, James seat In the 1965 Senate will go to Scotland. Jennings King of Lau-rinburg, who served in 1961,. is reported interested.

KERR-MILLS - In Raleigh on a visit. James dropped In to see Gov. Ten*y Sanford and inquired about the delay in implementing the Kcrr-Mills medical aid to the aged program being set up under the state welfare department.

Welfare officials^ have said that selection of personnel and arranging administrative details is holding up inauguration of tjbe expanded medical aid pfgram aufhorF^^ by the 1963 General Assembly.

At James reque.st. the governor telephoned State Welfare corm'^sio^er P. E-'^^ene Brown and asked for a progre.ss report.

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Disappointing As Well As Very Confusing

The ruling of a federal court of appeals in the former conviction of the communist party for not registering as art agent of the Soviet Government is more confusing than enlightening. It is more disappointing than it is either confusing or enlightening to most Americans.

Under the 1950 Subversive Activities Control Act, agents of foreign governments in the United States were required to register with our government. In a federal district court, the communist party was convicted of not complying with the law and drew a maximum fine of $120,000$10,000 on each of 12 counts on which it was convicted.

Now, a federal court of appeals has overturned the conviction and has sent the case back to the lower federal court either for retrial or a directed verdict of acquittal. The key in the case, apparently, is that the court of appeals held that no person could come forward to register the party without incriminating himself as a member of the party.

Certainly the communist party should be subject to the law requiring registry of agents of foreign governments. It must not be allowed to flout the law as it has successfully done for years.

The ruling of the federal court of appeals in this case has severely jolted government efforts to have the communist party comply with the law, but it should by no means end those efforts on the part of U. S. government.

' ReS'lAw^NiKkS^-.

By JOHN ABNEY

IficNtnaiit aniBeile,

iOOK

His Nuaae

MEXICO City - Right here in Mexico City we had Mr. Charles B. West who used to be a Chinaman (in a way) and is now sort of half-Alaska, half-Washingtonian (the Washington State kind: not the ones who make speeches or explain why they should be reelected.)

At any rate, some twenty years ago Mr. West was merely Chuck who operated airplanes for the Flying Tigers and was a colonel in the Chinese Air Force.

Then ever*ybody lost interest in fighting and drifted back home but Chuck drifted up to Alaska, where his wife and family lived, and got a job pushing throttles for the Wien Alaska Airlines. Tourists were always wanting to fly across the Arctic Circle or over the International Date Line, where it Is either tomorrow or yesterday. (I forget which. My watch

has stopped.)

Apparently Chuck sat down one evening after tossing another log on the camp fire and said to himself, We get trour-ists coming up here and they want to see places. What somebody like me should do Is provide them with transportation and accomodations.

So he got out the hammer and nails and built himself seven companies. Tour c o m-panies, sightseeing companies, a few hotels and a steamship line. Following which he became Mr. Charles B. West and was elegible to carry a coat over one arm, plus a brief case.

Well, I asked Mr. Charles B. West if this was his first trip to Mexico (in interviews you have to think of questions that are so original they are almost poetic).

And he said no, he had been

here several times.

So I asked how he like it. Mr. West looked around to see if anyone was listening and asked, Is this off the record? Absolutely, I assured him. He looked under the couch (I believe you call them sofas in a suite) and said, Marvellous place. People, scenery, everything wonderful. Mexico is a gold mine for tourism. How come thats off the record? I asked.

Because, he said sternly, I operate tourist facilities in Alaska. If they ever heard me say another place was gorgeous they might come after me with walrus spears.

To prevent any spearing, we must keep this off the record.

Mr. West and his family now live in Seattle but he runs up to Alaska every few weeks to visit his relatives and his mon

ey.

Same Challenge Othr Editors Saying..

Kennedy Facec.

(aucation: Jruli- i ime Jod

BY JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Johnsons honejrmoon with Congress, where he served 23 years, has come to a sickening stop. He is faced, after less than a mcmth in office, with the same challenge President John F. Kennedy never mastered.

It's how to get this dawdling Ccmgress, the laziest in at least a generation, to do what he asks. The House didnt give him much time to ponder his dilemma. It has.just hit his foreign aid program with a meat ax.

This action, even the timing, was a brutal end to the quiet spell Congress let Johnson have after Kennedys assassination while he tried to ,use to his new job.____________

Johnson may soon reveal whether hes going to follow the Kennedy method of soft talk with Congress, or whether hes capable of a much tougher policy that might get results where Kennedy couldnt.

Just last week the two houses had authorized a ceiling of $3,6 billion foreign aid, a figure Johnson was willing to accept. Congress finally reached this action after months of wrangling within itself and with Kennedy.

That figure was $1.3 billion le.ss than Kennedy had originally asked and $900 niillion less than he had flnallv set as a tiot-tom figure. But the celling always winds up less than a president's minimum figure anyway.

So watching Congress .set a spending limit of $3.6 billion was endurable. But the celling l.s only Just that. After the celling Congress still has to vote the actual money to be spent

the actula money to be spent, winds up less than the ceiling.

This week the House, acting before the Senate, was to vote Ml the spending money, to try to forestall too big a cut, Johnson called in the greatest antagonist of foreign aid In the House, Rep. Otto E. Passman, Louisiana Democrat,

Passman is chairman of a House subcommittee which passes on the money to be spent for foreign aid. Johnson, who had magical method of getting things done his way when he was in Congress, talked to him.

Passman listened, went back to the captol, and his committee promptly made a joke of the Johnson-Passman con-versatloo.

It decided foreign aid should get (Hily $2,8 billion, or $800 million less than the ceiling permitted, and $1.7 billion less than Kennedys final minimum request.

Johnson responded immediately with a statementthat this kind of cut would put our foreign policy in a stralt-Jacket.

Johnson still had hopes, although perhaps slim, that the full House, when it voted, would be more generous than the Passman committees recommendation. The recommendation wasnt final but the House vote would be.

But Monday, just about the time Johnson was signing the authorizing bill with its celling upheld Passmans committee, and decided $2,8 billion was plenty.

This was a terrible jolt but even this action by the House wasnt the last word. The Sen-(Continued On Page 7)

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

Dr. Charles Carroll, state superintendent of public instruction, continues his quest improvements in the North Carolina school system. H i s latest idea has to do with what he terms the need to establish educational qualifications for members of local boards of education. His view is that until educational qualifications are declared as a pre-requisite for membership on a board of education, the state will be blocked in its efforts to translate a philosophy of meaningful education.

In our efforts to advance the states education program. Tar Heels must consistently review, evaluate, improve and redirect their efforts. Members of local boards of educatiwi must be given the opportuni-ty to become acquainted with the educational programs of the schools as well as the financial aspects.

Boards of education, says Dr. Carroll, should be paid for their services in such an amount as to permit them to travel, 'tudy, and devote daylight hours to education. As our top administrator in public education sees it, those who are responsible for the states system should be given an opportunity to devote virtually full time to It.

But there are other areas of public education that need Immediate attention. Teacher qualification and dropouts re

quire a great deal of attention. The state should see that all who teach are qualified and that aU teachers are assigned exclusively to their subject fields.

And until all children remain in school until they achieve their potential, we will not be able to offer educational opportunities to our children trainable, handicapped, normal and gifted. Yesterdays excellence can be todays mediocrity and tomorrow s tragedy.

Materially speaking, all children, all staff members and all administrative officers must be adequately housed before we can translate our l>e-liefs in education into reality. For this, additional facilities and equipment are needed. Dr, Carroll has geared this need to his report last week that the North Carolina public school system now needs 6,102 classrooms in addition to numerous lunchrooms, auditoriums and gymnasiums.

The General Assembly needs to develop a continuing formula for financing educat ion. both current expense and capital outlay, the formula to be of such strength as to require local participation according to ability and need. Financial demands now are such that all local administrative units will have to call upon supplementary tax resources to support current expenses as well as building and equipment costs

I inquired about Mr. Wests relatives and he said his father-in-law had done some work with pans.

You mean hes a cook In one of your hotels? I a.sked.

Mr. West shook his head and said, Gold. Then he to&sed a nugget that felt like it weighed sixteen pounds in my lap.

He panned this out of one of the rivers and gave it to me for a souvenir, Mr. West added.

Now a fellow who gives away keepsakes like this is a gentleman of unusual culture and well worth knowing. So I tried to get the father-in-laws -name, address and telephone number but Mr, West was as silent as John Wayne crawling through the woods to shotgun the Co-manches.

Also, he reached over and took back the nugget. Pleasantly, of course, but I was so emotional I couldnt think of any more questions to ask except, Is there a tranquilizer in the room?

'n Brie:

Remember when demtm-strations were something people did in store windows to sell household appliances? And a sit-down was a strike? Des Moines Register.

Big bristly mustaches are said to be on their way back. And such things for men would make at least as much sense as some of the fashion fads for women. -- The Raleigh Times.

Defeat

On AL

BY JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963. King Features syndicate. Inc.

His cidling card reads simply Le General Cantave. in his native Haiti, where be le-cently led an abortive uprising against Dictator Fi-anccis Duvaiier and the ferocious palace guard of Ton Ton Macout-es, or Bogymen, it Is rot necessary to inform anybociy that he is General Leon Csn-tave, a man of resource and courage.

Now in the United States. Le General has a hair-raising story to tell, and perhaps it sheds a great deal of lieht on why the U. S. - supported Juan Bosch, recently deposed President of the Dominican Republic. could not hold on to his power. Bosch, who lived in fear of his local Communlsis. apparently could not_ follow thiough with a (tecision if it in any way happended to offend the extreme Leftists to his own entourage.

liast summer General ,.Can-tave, who had opposed the Duvaiier grab for dictatorial power to Haiti, pr(g)08ed to Bosch that an expediti(xi to overthrow the savagely repressive Haitian regime might advantageously be set in motion flrom Dominican bases. Bosch, according to the Cantave account, agreed to support a Haitian army of liberation. So did a number <rf anti-Castro Cubans, who made arrangements to take off in small boats from Florida for a rendezvou* with Cantave on the north coast of Haiti. It was assumed that the United States, which hius had no love for the Hltian dictator w'ould nod negligently while the Cubans moved to the up-port of General Cantave.

With his rear apparently secured in the Dominican Republic, Cantave took off over the Haitian border with two hundred loyal foUowet. ? He moved into friendly territory, where semi-starved peasknts might be expected to rally to his flag. But just as the Haitian rebellion against Papa Doc Duvaiier and Ton Ton Macoutes hit the worlds headlines, things began to go badly for General Cantave.

For one thing, the antl-Cas-tro Cubans never did manage to take off from Florida to lend their support. The Cuban leader, Orlando Masserer. was clapped by the U. S. into ,1ail for a week. And the Cubans boats were stopped, their arms seized.

Simultaneously with this collapse of Cantaves northern flank. President Bosch proceeded to deprive "Le General of the promised supplies from the Dominican Republic. The Dominican Communists - had carried to Bosch a threat that the Haitian Dictator Duvaiier would make an appeal to Fidel Castro for help, and would open the airfields and harbors of Haiti to Castroite soldiers from Cuba. According to Cantaves complaints, this w?s sufficient to cause Bosch to renege on his promised aid.

With his ammunition ranning out, and no airplanes at his service, Cantave and his band of two iiundred were i^lated in Haitis savagely ^oded mountains. There was no food to be had. Losing fifty men In skirmishes, Cantave and the remaining part of his band fin-. ally managed to straggle back over the Dominican border. Whereupon both he and his army were clapped Into tht prison Fortress of the T'fenty-seventh of February, |irhere they were to remain for twenty-five days.

While Cantave was In prison the Bosch regime was cwer-thrown and replaced by the three-man Junta that is now in power in the Dominican Republic. Eventually the Junta, which does not believe in truckling to Communists and Cas-troites, opened the doors of the fortress and let Cantave and his men go. Cantave, who has the suiH>ort of the exiled Haitaian leader of the National Party, Dr. Roger Rlgaud, managed to get transportation to the United States. But his one hundred and fifty followers are still on Dominican soil, In rags and without any more food than they can scrounge up.

Maybe it was realism for the . S. to clamp down on the (Continued On Page 7)

Featherbedding Really Guardec

Strength For Today

BY EARL L. DOUGLASS IT WILL HAVE TO BE SETTLED Most people do not realize

the seriousness of the situation which exists in the world bccau.se of the unequal dlstri-* bution of the worlds wealth and benefits.

A group of people living in the United States and comprising about 1 percent of the population of the world own more than 40 percent of the worlds wealth. We did not steal this wealth. We have it because of a most unusual combination of circumstancesnatural resources, free government, opportunities to exercii our talents whatever they may be. But we can be sure that the people starving dn tfie world, those who live in fertile areas and never have a square meal, have not sat down and rea.soned oui, that tlieir plight Is due to

their folly and misfortune and that our wealth is due to good fortune, diligence, and both opportunity to work and a willingness to do so. All they know is that they are hungry and we have more than we know what to do with.

Eventually this situation will have to be brought into balance. In so doing the world may be torn from end to end by revolution. What we need above all else is to realize that the problem exists, that its serious beyond description, and that a solution will eventually be sought. We hope that those who seek this solution will be levelhead-d folk with plenty of self-restraint and a sense of justice. But they may not be. They may ii.se clubs or atomic weapon.s.

The world Is qeding tirfHl of this ineqiialUy. We feel no guilt for its existence, but we mu.st feel guilt If we do not ti*y to solve it.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The decision by the arbitration board set up by Congress to decide the dispute over railroad work rules is one of the most curious decisions, with one of the most curious consequences, ever handed down in the country.

The unions affected are protesting the decision and threatening to attack its constitutionality, although the ruling locks featherbedding into railr o a d-ing for years to come.

It decided that the railroads were right when they insisted that most firemen were not needed on diesel engines in the freight service, but it recommended that 10 per cent of all firemen jobs be retained, that firemen with 10-year seniority should keep those jobs for their normal work - life, and those with less seniority be kept on the job or glvpn other jobs for five years.

Furthemiore, the board held that the size of all except standard two - man crews be negotiated with each railroad, with iinneccs.sary jobs ellmin a t e d only by attrition by retirement. pin- lonlne. resignation or death, i^nd wlio would resign a Job like lhat?

While the first announcement of the ruling was hailed as a victory for the railroads, and the operating unions announced they would challenge the legality of the ruling, closer examination makes it seem Uke a union victory. Men, no matter how unnecessary their Jobs, must be kept on payrolls for years and years.

OR SPRAY THEM WITH FRENCH PERFUME Barrows, Gilts, Sows Are Strong, said a headline in the New York Journal of C o m-merce. Well, they could bathe them.

State and local per capita tax collections increased 130 per cent in Delaware from 1953 to 1962, according to a new study by the National Industrial Conference Board. That was the biggest increase by far.

Despite this, New York e r s and Californians paid the highest per capita rate In 1962, the former paying $309 per person and the Western e r s paying $304. The national average was $223, and the least expensive state is Alabama, with $132.

Who makes It? Will It throw bartenders out of work?J.B.. St. Louis.

A: The machine, with a dial to regulate the proportions of gin and vermouth, is by Ame-tek, SellersvUle, Pa. So far, it is intended that a bartender do the dialing and collecting. While eventually it may make a few bartenders unnecessary, it will provide more jobs for production liners, in^allers, mechanics, etc.

FEDERAL ROAD-FND SOW MAY DRY UP.

WHITTON WARNS

Unless states speed up planning in the Interstate Highway Sy.stem, they may lose the 90 per cent share paid by the Federal government. Federal Highway Administrator Rex M., Whitton has warned. The law prohl|)its the government fiom undeiviTitlng project.s that cannot be completed by 1972, he pointed out.

AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENTS . COST MORE THAN YOU THINK

In one year, 101,000 were Involved in auto accidents in the state of Michigan and their financial loss^es amounted to $178 million, according to a University of Michigan study. This amounts to about $1 of every $100 earned in the state that year. Comparable losses are probable In other states.

DEI.AWARE LEADS AI L IN NON-.S. TAX RISES

AITTOMATIC MARTINI MAKER INTERESTS A READER

Q: You rtfently mentioned an automatic martini machine.

SHORT & SIGNIFICAT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS A cancer research center has developed a cigarette made from flowers, vegetables and crabgrass. . .Because the silver is now worth more than the face value, silver coins are disappearing in countries around the world. . .Hothouse tomatoes may now be pollinated by blowing a high - intensity whistte instead of doing the job by hand, the Battelle Memorial Ihatftute reports. Lacking breezes and bees, hothouse plants mu.st be artlflcally pollinated. . .By the end of 1965. decomposable detergents will have replaced the present hard detergents. Indu.stry experts have told Congress^