m

Taeda7, December 10, 1963

Changes In Leadership Of Alliance

Caught In The Wringer

r^!r0tr

Changes in the heads of government of several major Western nations in recent months offers a challenge to the Western Alliance in addition to the challenges which face these men who so recentlv have assumed new and heavier responsibilities in their own governments.

In the United States President Johnson has taken up the duties of chief executive after the assassination of President Kennedy. This represents the most recent, and surely the most sudden and unexpected change. In Great Britain Prime Minister Home replaced Harold Macmillan when the latter stepped down from the top government position. In West Germany Chancellor Ludwig Erhard has assumed the duties held by the aging Konrad Adenauer since the West German republic emerged following World War II.

The years immediately following World War II brought changes in the heads of Western government, but even then there was more time for transition as older leaders stepped into the background and new leaders came to the fore. The sudden turn of events in recent months has brought changes in

rapid succession with little time for new leaders to establish themselves with those longer at the heM of their respective governments.

President Johnson, Prime Minister Home and Chai^cellor Erhard, because of the nations they represent* provide the key to future success of the Western alliance of nations. Each has only recently been thhist into positions of new and awesome re sponsibilities and powerSc It will take time for each to cope with the domestic problems in his own nation. But at the same time they must be cultivating the personal as Well as the national ties which have played such an important part in the Western alliance for many years.

It w'ould be foolish to assume that these changes have not created pitfalls for the Western alliance. That is not to say the alliance has been weakened because of the men who have now passed from the scene; but it will take time for the new men to learn to work closely together to cope with the problems which face the alliance. Individually and collectively, these new leaders must carefully guard against outside efforts which may attempt to drive wedges into the alliance during the critical period of transition in leadership.

QK0 Must Not Forget Our

Rang Up Curtain unfortunate Families

A a vin/%a4 *faTVYi1ioa ir> 4-rw 4-Vi/i

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

SCHOOLS Dr. I. Beverly Lake rang up the curtain on hia second campaign for the ^governorship with a Ij^p ptn t, ^platform and a promise io kwp public sch(M>la open.

The school queetif was a big one. carried over from Lake anti-school integration stand as assistant attorney general in the Hodges administratkm and as a candidate for governor In 1960.

There had been concern that If he were elected governor. Lakes position against school integration might bring on a crisis and possible closing <g some schools. Lake answered this question at the outset of his new bid for the govemor-ahip.

At the same time, his new platform showed Lake will be strcmg for states rights, freedom of the individual, firm on race relations and against federal interference.

NONSENSE Speaking in a public school auditorium, from the stage of the R. M. Wilswi Junior High School in Rocky Mount, Lake dealt first with the school question.

01 course we are going to keep our public schools open, be said. Any suggestion that he would be another Gov. George Wallace of Alabama defying the federal courts is nonsense, Lake said.

Of course the school house door is not the proper place for the governor of North Carolina to take his stand In opposition to federal tyranny and oppression, he said, If I be-cmne governor of North Carolina I shall not look to any other state for my model.

STAND Lake drew applause and cheers from the crowd of S50 supporters when he added, I shall certainly not lock to Washington for instruc-tiras.

He spoke repeatedly against federal interference and lambasted wluit he called a trend toward a gigantic welfare state.

If I am elected governor, he said. I shall dedicate my administration to the conservation and devel(^mient of North Carolinas faith In freedom and individual planned economy. The fight against an all powerful government was the first plank of the platform.

Other points included states rights to solve our own problems without federal Interference. separation of powers, a stand against pending civil rights and public acoommoda-tions l^islatlon I shall do nothing to aid in fastening those chains o tyranny upon the people C North Carolina.

ORDER He promised a policy of toughness toward disorderly street demonstra-

tl(M and meddlers from other states in racial matters and said I shall use the powers of my office, when necessary, to preserve peace and -order in our-communities from whatever srairce a threat (rf violence and disorder may come.

On race relations, he pledged to develop the frlendbr spirit of mutual helpfulness which has characterized the relations of white and Negro North Carolinians for generations. Through that spirit we can move ahead to greater comforts and satisfactions for us aU. Our traditional ways of life have proved Uielr value to both our races.

POINTS Lake promised to work for educational (HTPortu-nlty, to aid senior citizens, state employes, promote agriculture and attract new industry.

He took a stsnd against any new or increased taxes and pledged a businesslike administration so that you will get your moneys worth out of your tax dollar. He called for a steadily proceeding highw a y construction program, not a wasteful crash program. -

Lake said he favors the right to work law guaranteeing workers a choice of union membership or not Joining a union.

EDUCATION There was special interest In what Lake would say on education at all levels and he pledged to keep schools open and use to best advantage all the money the legislature appropriates for them. He Joined other gubernatorial candidatee in asking that school fees be abolished.

He added, it is not enough to keep school buildings physically open. We must see to it that the courses taught, the methods used, and the whole nature of rair school program are such as to teach our children to know and cherish the foundatlrai stones of North Carolina, to place their faith in freedom. . .

He drew heavy applause by endorsing the 1963 anti-commu-1st weaker as a good law, saying I am opposed to using the campuses and buildings ctf our state institutioi to entertain as honored gueets and to provide platforms for those who would destroy academic freedom and all other forms of freedom in North CaroUna. He conceded the speaker ban may need amending to clarify it.

SETTING Outside the school, a huge searchlight poked Its beam through leafless trees and into the night sky like a beacon for the Lake rally. There were banners and placards and red-sashed Lake lasses distributing cards and bumper stickers for the Lake campaign. Lake himself shook hands with several hundred followers after the speech.

The Dmly Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Etatered at Post Office. Oraenvlllt, N. O., as second mail matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towna) Waek 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) * Week 3Bc

BY MAIL, Payable In Advamce

IreenvUle Post Office, Pitt County, RobenonvUle, Vanceboro, Washington and Chooowinity.

Three Months .................. $ 1.71

Blx Mraitha ....................... 7.00

One Tear ................................. 18.00

North Carolina (other than listed above) f'

Three Months .... $ 4.00

Six Months .............................. 7.fli

One Year ........... 14.00

Pliu 3% N C. Sales Tax AU Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months ........................... I 4.21

Six Months .................... 8.00

One Year .............................. 18.00

MEMBER AfSOCIATED PRESS

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use for pubU-cation aU news dispatches credited to it or not othenriee

credit^ to this paper and also the local news puUiShec herein. AU lights of publication of special dispatcbee here are also reserved.

Member Audit Bureau of Circulation.

AU advertising copy most be received at least one day before publication date.

As most families move in to the rush of Christmas shopping for their friends and loved ones, they should not forget their less fortunate fellow citizens for whom Christmas may be cold and drab unless they are remembered.

The Salvation Army is in the procesaof collating funds with which to carry out its Christmas stocking program of providing food, toys, fuel, clothing and other items to needy families of the county at this Christmastime. As the clearing house for all Christmas welfare work in the Pitt County, the local Salvation Army faces a tremendous task in the next couple of weeks.

The degree to which it will be able to provide at least a small portion of Christmas cheer to all the needy families of the county this year will depend to a great extent upon the generosity of the more fortunate residents of the county. The larger the number of contributions to the Salvation Army Christmas program this year, the more effective job the Army will be able to do in helping needy families at this season of the year.

It will be a much happier Christmas throughout Pitt County if every family makes a place in Its Christmas budget for a gift to help the needy among us this year.

By ART BUCHWALD

Art And The Bananas

Chanae Blockec.

By McCormack

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) John W. M<iCormack, 71-year-old speaker of the House, has Just about put the finish on any chance of making it Impossible for him to move up to the presidency.

If President Johnscm should die then, under present law, next in line to succeed him are McCorfack of Massachusetts and 88-year-old Carl Hayden of Arizona, president pro tempore of the Senate. Both are Democrats.

In American history there have been only three laws controlling succession to the presidency: The first In 1792, the next in 1886, the last in 1947.

The founding fathers, when they put the Constitutiim together, ducked the problem of saying who should assume the powers of the presidency If the president and vice president died. They left It to Congress.

Congress passed Its first act in this field In 1792. It put the Senates president pro tempore and the speaker of the House next in succession behind the vice president.

It stayed that way undisturbed until _ President Garfields assassination in 1881. At the time he was shot, it happened that the House had not chosen a speaker and the Senate had no president pro tempore. For five years there was discussion and debate.

Then In 1886 Congress changed the law, eliminating the two congressional officers and putting the presidents Cabinet In line of succession, starting with the secretary of state.

Another 59 years passed and in April 1945, President Franklin D. Roosevelt died. Vice President Harry S. Trum a n became president, If Truman had died then, under the 1886 law, his successor would have been Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinlus Jr.

On June 19, 1945, eight days before he accepted Stettlnjus, resignation, Truman asked Cim-gress to change the 1886 law. He wanted the Cabinet taken out of direct line of succession.

He argued that under the 1886 law a president, Mnce he picks his own Cabinet, could

name his own successor. I do not believe, he said, that In a democracy this power should rest with the chief executive.

He said thought that, as far as posilble, the office of president sh^ld be filled by an elected ofcer, not an appointed one. So he asked Congress to abolish the 1886 act and return to the 1702 act, but with a switch.

Instead of making the Senates president pro tempore next in line, Truman said the speaker of the House should come behind the vice president and then the Senates president pro tempore.

Truman said he considered this more democratic because the speaker of the House and all House members have to be elected every two years while senators face the voters only every six. Not everyone agreed with him.

Por Instance: Edward S. Corwin, the constitutional authority, wrote: The caliber of our speakers, is the main, has been somewhat below what the presidency requires and deserves. If speakers are compared with our secretaries of state, the result is decldely In favor of the secretaries.

There was some Irony In what followed. Truman had made his request to a Congress run by his own Democrats. They Umored him. He didnt get action until the Republicans took control of Congress In 1947.

They changed the law, making it a kind of combination of the 1886 and 1792 laws, for this was the result, still ta effect:

Next In line behind the vice president are the speaker of the House, the Senates presld e n t pro tempore, and the Cabinet, starting with the secretary of state.

This was doubly Ironic, for when the Republicans passed this aci, two Republicans were In line of succession to Democratic Truman If he died, since there was no vice president then: Speaker of the House Joseph W. Martin of Massachusetts and Sen. Arthur H. Van-denburg of Michigan, president pro tempore of thie Senate.

On Nov. 27 the nation got a (Continued on Page S)

A fortune In paintings recently arrived In London disguised as tomatoes. The paintings, all by Francisco Goya, were shipped along with 37 tomato crates. This trickery was Instituted because of all the recent art robberies. Something drastic had to be done to combat the thieves that have been playing havoc with the art world. The secrecy of the project Is so strict that even the receiver of the disguised goods Is not aware of bow Its supposed to arrive.

While this Is certainly a good Idea and will give thieves moments of pause, it could cause great complications in legitimate art circles. Suppose sn abstract art gallery is awaiting a shipment of paintings from Honduras. SecurRy has been so tight that the gallery owner does not know the nsme of the artist,* only that he is a

new abstract-express 1 o n 1 s t painter who worki in material other than paint.

The shipment, unbeknownst to the gallery, is disguised as a crate of bananas.

As it happens, there Is a mix-up In the crates at tiie port and the painting! go to an A&P store while the bananas are sent to the gallery.

When the crate arrives at the gallery, it is Immediately unpacked. The gallery owner takes one lo(A at the bananas, shrugs his shoulders, and starts hanging up the bunches on their strings.

The next day at the opening of the exhibit, everyone goes Into ecstasy over a new art form.

The In-people are wild In their praise of the bananas.

The art critic for Splash writes In his review, Pinally someone has come along with-

Other Editors Saying.., Venezuela Leads Way

(Chrlitian Sdence Monitor)

The voters of Venezuela have put (xi record the most emphatic and courageous troimclng of Castroism that that reasonable people In the United States and other non-Communlst countries could wish.

Faced with warnings that any who went to the polls would be In danger of snipers bullets, they stood in patient queues and marked their choices am(xig a multiplicity of candidates to succeed moderate President Betancourt.

The fact that six party nominees and an independent were permitted to campaign and be voted for Is a step in advance of one - party governments which have bridged a way out of dictatorship in some coun-trlM. The fact that the elections were held, and not disrupted by the terrorism and vandalism of sympathizer# with Cuban President (lastro, is a triumph for Dr. Betancourt; the result is a mandate to him and his successor to stamp out the vestiges of that lawlessness.

E^very vote cast in this election, for whatever candidate, can be counted as a vote against Castro - type communism. And the total count of Venezuelans who voted Is expected to amount to about 95 percent of the electorate.

The success of a stand for democratic and respcmsible self rule In Venezuela does not necessarily signify, (rf course, that the fight for stability has been won In all of Latin America. But it sets up

an important beacon, and In an area where government# #uch as Mexico, Costa Rica and even Brazil and Argentina have been achieving an improved pattern of orderly successlrai.

For this pattern to be strengthened and extended calls for continued gains In the spread of literacy as the requisite for an informed citizenry. It calls also for a spread of ecraiomlo as well as political democracy. These processes are gradual but essential.

Both the campaign to reduce Illiteracy and the effort to develen) econ(nic resources are at present foot races against a rapid rate o populatkm Increase. If these races are to be won, there hae to be assistance through the making available of birth control In-iohnatlon.

Economic aid from the United States through the Alliance of Progress can be only one reltlvely small factor In Latin - America development: for the main Impetus and direction must come from the Latin countries themselves. But such aid can be important In the encouragement It gives.

Venezuela has begun with a significant advantage through the income from Its petroleum resrairoes, developed with North Amertcan capital. If with this start the administration 0 President-elect Raul Leoni can give Venezuelans an enduring sense of participation In their fovemment. It will have forwarded enormously the fortunes of all Latin America.

Quote

Wors

ihan

Siberia

a new, bold Idea. Using nothing but bananas, the artist, who works under the name of United Fruit, has created an art form which imts everything In the neo-abstract school to shame. His creations have feeling and mood, wahnth and depth, height and breadth, and color. Glorious yellows are mixed with tremulous browns.

Mr. Fruit has done something with shape never heretofore" tried. Each banana is suspended In space, overlapping yet free, touching yet untouch-Ing: they almost look as If they had grown that way on a tree. Even before the review Is printed, everyraie of the banana bunches have been sold to abstract art collectors as prices unheard of for an unknown art-1st. The gallery owner is thrilled and cables his agent In Honduras to buy up everything the artist has done.

In the meantime, the manager of the AftP discovers that Instead of bananas he has a bunch of paintings on his hands.

They pnAably were sent to us to be exchanged for Plaid Stamps, he tells his clerk. Hang em up and see if any of the custraners go for them. How many Plaid Stamps should we ask for them? the clerk asks. The manager studies them for a minute. I would say a dollars worth. The clerk hangs up the paintings but no one wants to exchange their Plald Stamps for abstract art.

After a week the clcrit goes back to see the manager.

Nobody want# those painting#. We' cant even give them away.

Okay, toe manager says, throw them out. No. Walt a minute! We Just got In a shipment of bananas. Use the backs of the canvas to advertise the bananas. No sense wasting signboard material.

The cleric scrawls on the backs ot the paintings: FREEH BANANAS 25 CENTS A POUND and In four hours they are sold out.

The manager la extremely pleased and tolls his clerk, That# the best sign you ever made. Order more of those paintings. The backs of them really stand out.

"Things even up. The richer we get, the more frustrations we have. When we had only one suit, we always knew where the car keys were. Aztec (N.M.) Independent-Revlew.

The trouble with being a good sport Is that you have to lose to prove it.Alamo (Tenn.) Times.

BY JOHN CHAMBERLAIN Copyright, 1963, King Feature# syndicate. Inc.

A news item from Moscow say# the Soviet Unions leading literary newspaper, Literatum-aya Oazeta. has come out with a warning against heaping Indiscriminate praise on such poet# as Yevgeny Yevtushenko, whose autobiography was recently published in the West. If I were Yevtushenko, I would be shivering In my boots.

My reason for saying this is that when Nikita Khrushchev gets genuinely annoyed, he has a way of getting rid of opposing voices without seriously damaging his reputation in Western Europe and the United States for being ^liberal in comparison to Stalin. The offending artists sink without trace and no great huUabat loo Is raised anywhere.

The Khrushchev image of liberality toward his intellectuals was in danger a year ago when there was a shortlived campaign against devi-ators from the party line in art. Khrushchev had visited an art gallery, where he looked at some avant garde stuff and reacted as any peasant from the Ukraine might have reacted. The Khrushchev snorts, some of which were fairly <>bsoene, todched dfrmiiSWted party ato tack on Yevtushenko, and other poets and writers for giving from the West. But Khrushchev failed to sustain the campaign against his uneasy intellectuals, and his zealous mouthpieces In the Soviet press .fell sent.

Taking advantage of the lull, Yevtushenko and Andrei Voznesensky, among other mild dissidents from the party line In art, have begun to publish their poems again In Soviet magazhies. The appearance of these poems is what has caused the editor of Llteratumaya Oazeta to prick up his ear#. He has warned the young dissidents that the constructive approach to criticism, as established by Khrushchev In the changeover frran Stalins terroristic oensorhsip, should not be construed as an invitation to Ideofoglcal license.

The relatively polite terms In which the present warfare between the party-llnere and the dissidents In Soviet letters is being conducted should not fool anybody. For the penalty In Soviet Russia, If Khrushchev takes serious exception to a writers opinions, is a banishment as cruel as anything that happened In Stalins time. The only thing that has changed is the verbiage used to cover the punishment. Khrushchev has heard about George Orwell's obfuscating newspeak, and that is all.

Time was when Stalin, if he disliked a writer, would simply ship him to Siberia to wear himself out in slave labor In an Arctic gold camp.

To Khrushchev, this sort of thing is a trifle unsophisticated. The Khrushchev method of getting rid of an unwanted dissident voice is to call in the psychiatrists, get a verdict of mental disturbance, and then permit the "doctors to commit the poor writer to a hospital. That this could be worse than Siberia to a free spirit is (>bvlous.

Not so long ago. In the London Sunday Telegraph, David Floyd, a Journalist and editor who spent several years as a counselor In the British Embassy In Moscow, published a short account of the disappearance of Valeri Tarsls, a Russian writer whose The Bluebottle and Red and Black had berai Issued in Great Britain under the pseudonym of Ivan Valery. The Bluebottle* contained a prophetic bit about a non-conforming Soviet Intellectual who was Judged to be very ill and who was warned that he might be certified in accordance with a weU-known Russian custom. For permitting his manuscripts to be published in England, Tarsls himself was committed to an Insane asylum.

Says Floyd, who speaks Russian and has recently been denied a visa to return to Moscow: Tarsls 1# the third RussUui writer (sic) to be committed to a mental institution for defying the authorities. The others are Mikhail Naritoa, a Leningrad sculptor, and Alexander .^olpIn-Yesenin.

Mr. Floyds article, never (Continued on Page 8)

Brospering On Waves & Surges

Strength For Today

BY EARL L. DOUGLASS

NEVER-ENDING MERCY

God recognizes the fact that human beings are frail, stumbling creatures prone to make mistakes and often liable to fall into deliberate wrongdoing.

But the declaration of scripture Is that (tod will not break a bruised reed nor quench a smoking flax. That is, He will not give us the Justice w'hlch our careless and willful behavior often deserves. He will not snap our lives tssunder and cast them into the void. He will not extinguish within us the enthusiasm, the hope we have that we may by diligent effort attain unto a better way of life, (tod will not stamp out such a life with His foot. In fact, the smouldering fire can be and will be rekindled.

The promise of scripture 1#

that we shall be baptized not only with water but with Are.

8o God comes to us day by day not with the stem requirements of Justice but within every tender offer of mercy. He opens blind eyes, and blind we are if we believe that there Is more satisfaction to be got out of evil living than out of good. He brings us out of the prison for if we are cran-mltted to any wrwig way of life we have built prison walls about ourselves and fastened fetters uprai our souls.

We can rely upon the mercy at God. He stands before us with gifts hi His hands. He is much more willing to give than we are either to ask or receive when He offers u# His gift.

The Lord Is merciful and compa^onate we can always rely upon this divine dls-poslticm.

By ELMER ROESSNER The appliance and electronic business today seems to prosper on waves and surges. One type of item seems to catch the public fancy andthe Industry pushes It madly, all the while searching for the next sensation.

This year, the miniature and small portable television #et caught the publics fancy. Those dealers who had stocked and pushed it did well: those who ordered the Item late and failed to promote It are now stuck, hoping Christmas sales will drain off thfilr Inventories.

On the other hand, many dealers thought recorders were

SURGES AHEAD

ready to enrapture the public.

th

Perhaps srane day they wUl. But right now many dealers are overstocked with tapers: shoppers can make good deals If they are shrewd. Some ds^ the recorders may bec(ne runaway items but probably not until some dealers whisper illegal tips to wives on how they can record their husbands phone cidls.

There 1# no #ure way of telling what gadgets wlD capture the public imagination in 1964. An oyster anesthetlzer or a smoked beef chipper might run away with the market, but probably wont. But here are some things that may be the sensations and the profit-mak-ers on the new year:

Home TV taper: a device that records television p r o-grams permitting them to be played back through the vsst later has berai developed In England and American rights on the Invention have been obtained by Cinerama. The British price is less than $300 and the U. S. win be slightly higher, due to labor costs.

Meemwhlle, almost every big American electronic manufacturer is working cm competitive models. If a few of them get to market early next year, the price may come down and, If it does, TV ri-corders may be the sales sensation of 1964.

MUSIC WHILE YOU ROLL

FM auto radios: While the sales of FM radios for homes have been skyrocketing, most radios for autos are still tuned to AM channels. FM car radio sales are estimated at no more than 100,000 this year.

But PM radio# bring better reception into auto#. There is less Interference from cars electric systems. Furthermore, FM radio program# are Improving in quality while the AM program#. In most areas, are not. So FM auto radios may be the golden product for the electronic aiq;>lianee in-duetry next year.

Cheaper kitchen appHances:

ing able to talk to and listen to any room in the house attracts many housewives and a sound, reliable system at a moderate price has an outeide chance of being the new pro duct of the year. The possibilities of success of a olosed-clr-cult television system, which would enable a housewife to Inspect visitors at front and, rear doore, or to keep watch on an infant, may not be so great, but they are latent and these items may some day be best sellers.

si

Several nuuiufacturers are reported to be working on the production of cheaper kitchen appliances, notably blenders and can openers. If prices on these items can be brought below present flOors, toere may be a great rise In demand. Hems cQinininilcatloiis: Chances of these items becoming sensational in sales next year are slim, but there are possibilities. The idea of be-

ONE FIRMS ANSWER TO CUSTOMERS COMPLAINT Your reporter received six fuU-color, handsomely printed catalo!gs for a mall order house specializing In fruit around CJhristmas time. Ht wrote an Indignant note saying he appeared to bt paying more for printing than for fruit and, unless this waste was curbed, he was rttlgnlng as a customer. ^

Two days later he received another full . color catalog.

P

/

.li

Jk