Thursday, December 5, 1963

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Fact: Fams Need Fewer People

Still Living In Darkness

The main thing wrong with North Carolina ing jobs on the farms of this state, farming is that too many people are trying to make Changing conditions continue to require fewer

a living at it. people actively engaged in agriculture in North

That statement from George Stephens, Jr., spe- Carolina each year. These changing conditions, too, cial assistant to Gov. Sanford, is certain to catch genr^rally bringing with them a higher annual and hold the attention of Tar Heels, particularly in income for those who continue in^^farming activities, the agricultural eastern section of the state It is a The fact that fewer people will be required

conclusion wnich many people of the farming areas in fanning in North Carolina in future years does

are not ready to accept: but it is one which demands mean that the agricultural picture for the state.-

their consideration in planning for future economic bright. On the contrary, with the potential

conditions. it has for diversification, with mechanization of

During the period of the 1950s an estimated operations, with better cultural practices, the

half million people left farming in North Carplina *rm economy of North Carolina appears destined to seek other means of gainful employment. Some become even more vigirous in the future

of there left by choice, seeking better oppo**tunities. . evident, however in this decade as it wa.s

O'hers left because the jobs they were doing on 1950s, that the eastern section of the state

Ih farm was no longer necessary. They were forced provide non-farm jobs in increasing numbers

off the farm bv changing conditions. . people are not to have to move into other areas

The trend toward larged farms in North Caro- search of employment. It is evident too that people

lina is continuing as agricultural operations in the forced off the farms must be equipped

state bcconie increasingly mechanized. Just as auto* i^^rough training for other employment either here

mation is eliminating jobs in industry, the rnechani- areas to which they will,go.

zation that is taking place in agriculture is eleminat- The success it has had in creating employment

opportunities through industrial development should 7T 1I . ' spur Eastern Carolina communities toward greater

in m 1 fnTin O "1 efforts in this direction. The challenge to create

-Z Jll X J^l 11 1 additional job opportunities is greater for most

^ Eastern Carolina counties today than it was a decade

ago. :

'i^ole Retainec,

Br WnXUM A, SHIRES ANSWER Gov. Terry Sanford stated his position cmi the Ltttl federal" constitutional amendment in reply to a queo-ti(i pressed upon him at a televised pres* ccNiference.

He blinked a bit in the glare eg twlght lights when the ques-tioo came. But the query about Sanfords feeling on the amendment was not unexpected.

"Ifeel it ought to be voted on." he said.

"Favorably or unfavorably?"

came the question.

One way or the other, Sanford shot back.

But the governor then seized the moment as (H>portune to make good on a promise that he would have something to say about this highly controversial issue a prcNiiise that was several weeks old.

The proposed amendment is to be voted on by the people in little more thn a month, on Jan. 14. Sanford saw no reason for further delay and probably some good ones for speaking out.

He offered additional comment that explained his position fully and without apology.

TALK The governor must have known that already his name and that of his office were being dragged into the "little federal amendment controversy by way of whisper and rumor.

There was talk circulating In both camps that Sanford was working behlnd-the-cenes for or against the amendment.

There was talk among pro-amq^udment forces that San-ford was trying to have the amendment defeated. And there was concern amcmg opponents that the governor would lend his political support to those favoring its adoption.

SPRINGING This sort of talk some of It inflammatory and accusing was springing up for several reasons.

First, there was the background irf the amendments close and tumultuous vote of ai^>roval in the special session of the General Assembly and Sanfords pre-session proposing of an amendment.

There was the enigmatic role of Sanford forces in legislative maneuvering on the little federal" plkn a role which had key legislators puzzled as to whether the admlstetration was or against submitting an amendment.

Then there was Sanfords later decision against holding a scheduled $100 million state school bond referendum on the same date as the election set for the "little federal" amendment.

All this had led to considerable confusion and question. Sanford must have felt the time had come to make his position clear.

RECX)RD ^ There was no time for a carefully worded prepared statement. But S a n-ford was standing before the cameras and electronic tapes

/

Unity And Confidence Keynote Early Stages

Unity and confidence appear the key-notes that

would be (x>-the record. ministration of President Lyndon Johnson,

He recalled that the Issue of The Presidential honeymoon will not last in-

definitely, but initially there have been indication, By ART BUCHWALD now iwrtleU almost, every corner of American life that

ivndon

in me North?

the "little fedenJ" plan is a sound appcwich and many feel

years, A lot S* peopIT feel there is great confidence in the ability of President _ I i

............... -Lyndon Johnson to lead the nation. The new presi-

it isnt.At lei^' hw pcr^ Cdhgrei^ provides the im- -L-y'XX XX A

?lease

slsted, Sanford saldX ' pression that he will find working with the legisla-

Also for the record, Sanford tive branch of government easier than his prede-clarified the matter of his deal- cessor introduced which may

ing with the legislature on the tp* xu u . revolutionize the entertain-

question. His concern wa.s with the business community there is the indi- Ing business. Its called "Be

.1 _ i w 1 TiMxr 4a

"redistrlcting the Senate under cation that big business feeks President Johnson may Guest, and the idea is

the present constitution," and talk its language and understand its problems better "I, Jf S%1?eTurlntwlth:

s-omeone to din-

he told the lawmakers "if ner in a fancy restaurant

youll help me do this, you han rresiaent Kennedy. While the new president out being there yourself, may do whatever you choose has made it plain he will carry on the programs BMG, which is tied up with

about a constitutional amend- initiated bv President Kennedy there is the con American Express, has arrang-

ment which will have to be submitted to the people for their decision.

POSITION - Sanfords position was that the legislature kept its part of the bargain and he had praise for It.

viction that his leaderehip wlil be temperedbVa

. , . , 1 , , - . serve gift din-

viewpoint tnat innatelv has been more conservative ners to guests of their clients, than that of the late President. They work something like the

the su^deu fn * severe shock at

- __________ sudden and tragic death of President Kennedy, from a book and order a meal

It redistricted the Senate un- it is quickly evidencing its confidence that the gov- tor your friends. They re noti-

der' the present constitution ernmental structure is sound and that the leader- certificate that you

in what Sanford called "record time of three days. This, he said, was a "remarkable achievement considering all the troubles that other states have experienced in reapportioning their legislative seats.

He M.ld he appreciates the General Assemblys action in doing this, and that he Intended to keep his part of the bargain.

FAITH Sanford went on. "I''feel I would be exhibiting bad faith to either the prooon-ents or opponents If I now took sides on the constitutional amendment.

"I think the best thing for me to do. and the only honorable thing for me to do, is to leave it fo the pe(H?le having put myself in the position that I did and having gained the redistrlcting of the Senate under the present constitut I o n through action of the General Assembly.

"So I think Ill just leave It like this. I dont see any other approach I could take.

ASK The position they will take on the "little federal amendment Is being asked of all of the announced gubernatorial candidates.

It is a matter of prime political interest. But as yet none has chosen to take sides. Candidate Dan K. Moore said he would not attempt to tell the people how they should vote on It. Dr. I. Beverly Lake has said that the ls.sue will be decided well before the primary next May 30 and wib not be a campaign Issue. L. Ricb-rdson Preyrr has said he will say .something about It later.

ship has passed into strong and capable hands.-

Answers That Remain

wish them to partake of your hospitality and all they have to do is show up.

They get the full treatment, which you pay for, and its a gesture, according to BMG,

There is a lot to be said for the idea. Many of us owe favors to people we dont particularly like. If we could buy them d|;inks and dinner without having to be with them . wed be delighted to do it. They probably dont like us any better, so we could all have a wonderful evening without seeing each other.

While the cost of the dinner may be expensive, it still comes out cheaper than if we had to be there and pay for* our own meal as we.

We dtot have to get dressed up, we dont have to find a parking spot, we dont have to be polite. All we have to do is send a check to American Express, and we can stay home and watch "The Defenders on television.

There are certain men who

Secret

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MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS Fba Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use for publication an hews dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news puMlsheo herein All rlfhts of publication of special dispatches here art also reserved.

ember Audit Bureau of Circulation All adverlislhf copy must be received at least ona day before publication date. '

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - The assassination of President Kennedy raises some grisly questions which were not a p r o-biem when John Wilkes Booth planned to kill President Lincoln and some of the highest officials around him.

There were no intercontinental ballistic missiles in Lincolns day. At that time the nation could not be in Immediate danger if someone were not found within a matter of minutes to become president and commander-in-chlef.

Now a few moments the time between the start of an enemy nuclear attack and the order to make a nuclear coun-ter-attack-could mean the difference between annihilat i o n and some survival if not victory.

Officials have said American nuclear missiles are so well scattered and protected and could reply so fast that an enemy beginning an attack would be equally devastated.

Such statements, a discouragement to an enemy, are based on the assumption that at the moment of attack there would be someone in supreme authority to order, and very quickly, a counter-blow.

As commander-in-chief, the president would give the order. If the president were killed, the vice president, by becoming president and commander-in-chief, would give the order.

Under a 1947'law, if there Is no president or vice president, then next in line of succession to the presidency are the speaker of the house, the speaker pro tempore of the Senate, and then the Cabinet officers, starting with the secretary of state.

So the line of successIcMi spelled out thip way, looks clear and simple. If the enemy began an attack by dropping nuclear bwnbs on Washington, the president and all those next in

line might be wiped out.

Since time then would be so precious, the highest military officers would have to give the counter-attack order. This might be done quickly although theres a question it would be once It was learned Washington was gone.

But suppose an enemy decided, before beginning an attack, it would be shrewder first to create such confusion and chaos in America that a counter-attack might be fatally delyed after the barrage on this country began.

Such a foe might think in terms of assassination, not of the president alone, but those in the immediate line of succession: The vice president and the two congressional leaders.

It isnt hard , to imagine the dismay and confusion after four such assassinations if they all occurred within a few minutes The telephone lines would be a mess. And how could anyone be sure who w'as dead and who was alive?

In short, then, w'ho would be sure for some time that he w^as the next in line to take the oath of president and become commander-in-chief? And suppose right then the enemy began the attack.

Who could order the retaliatory nuclear blow if there were no president?

This writer asked the question around Washington and was told, although not officially, that undoubtedly the secretary of defense would take it on himself to issue the counterattack order, since every second counted.

Any secretary of defense in such a situation would probably do that even though he was exceeding his prescribed authority. If anyone was left to dig himself out of the Amer lean ruins, he wouldnt be thinking about fine and unprecedented

(Continued on Page 5)

Other Editors Saying... Drunkometer Tests

(Washington Daily News)

On January 1, 1964, something new will be added in North Carolina in the form of drunkometers that are designed to determtoe through chemical tests the alcoholic content of an alleged drunken driver.

We understand that these drunkometers cost between $600 and $700, To our way of thinking that is a small sum compared with the real cost of allowing drunken drivers on our highways. Of course, these machines will not take drunken drivers off the highway, but they will give evidence through the test's which will be substantial In determining whether or not a person is to drunk too drive.

It might be that some communities will feel that the cost is too high, and that only the Highway patrol whould own these drunkometers. It is our hope that every county in North Carolina and every city will own at least one of them.

Not only do we see them as a means of supplying sufficient evidence In court against drunken drivers, but it 'is also quite possible that many drivers charged with being drunk will be cleared after taking the tests.

A person who will not take take the test willingly can have that fact used against him In his trial in court.

Right now. law enforcement officers over the state are learning how to give the.sr drunkometer tests. And it is well that in all levels of law enforcement that men be avail

able and qualified to give the tests.

To our way of thinking these drunkometers will take a lot of guesswork out of this mat* ter of drunken driving. As of now when a person is charged with this offense, it becomes a matter of evidence and argument in court. The evidence is often times a matter of determining what witnesses to believe. All too often the defen-dent says "I only had a couple of beers, . .1 was perfectly sober. The trial juries all too often seem not to want to convict a man on this charge because it will mean loss of driving license.

A lot of guesswork will be eliminated if these tests will do what we are told they will do. The results of the tests arc designed to establish witho u t doubt whether a person Is too drunk to drive. It gives his degree of drunkenness if indeed he Is drunk at all.

The last legislature passed the law providing these breath tests yith the drunkometer The Industrial education centers throughout North Carolina will train operators at no cost whatsoever.

It is our hope that here In our oyn area we will give full and complete cooperation in this matter of acaulrlng drunkometers and of having qualified nersonnel available to give the tests.

We believe the acquisition of the drunkometers will represent a great step forward for IK in this matter of help! n g eliminate drunken driving on our hlffhway of North Carolina

would like to take an attractive young lady to dinner but cant afford to be seen out in public with her. Up until BMG the situation was hopeless. But now all you have to do is send a gift certificate to the young lady. She will dine alone as your guest, and she wont even be able to use the line that she never goes out with married men.

Another value of BMG is ,that many people have always wanted to take someone famous to dinner, but the opportunity has never presented itself. Now, if a woman w'ants to say she took Cary Grant to dinner, all she has to do is send him a gift certificate for Chas-en's or Larues.

There are many busy executives who have many important clients in different towns. They could hold dinners for all of them on the same night, and still stay home and read Fortune magazine.

One of the favorite farewells In the United States Is: "Lets have a dinner sometime. Now. when someone suggests it. you can take out a BMG directory and reply, "Good. Ill be in Paris next month and Id like to eat at the Tour dArgent. K BMG is the perfect gift for old girl frieqds that your wife wont let you see, relatives that you prefer to avoid, and children of your friends whom you are obligated to entertain.

There is only one catch as far as we can tell. And that Is that its hard to see how taking someone out on the plan would be deductible for income tax purposes.*After all. you resllv cant prove you discussed business at a dinner at which you never even appeared.

Opiniony n Briet

"In the late President, the combination of judgment and courage was unique. The United States will no more find another Kennedy than Britain will find another Churchill. Yet, it was a wonderful life, and the example of courage is never wasted. The Sunday Times (Great Britain).

"You can usually tell, when a high school boy Is' serious about a girl by the way she calls him up every evening. Wichita Democrat.

Schedules are made to remind you how far behind you are in your work." Jessup (Ga.) Sentinel.

A Sugar Plum For The

By ELMER ROESSNER

Strength For Today

BY EARL L. DOUGLASS BEFORE YOU CAN START BUILDING

Everybody is religious. You may say that you disbelieve God. that you regard rell-ion as a superstition, that you hate the Chuich. All this is a form of religiona religion in reverse, a degraded from of reUgioD, a reaction in negative terms and in terms of bitterness toward the truth of God as it exists. The atheist has a rel^ion Just as surely as has the Christlaa. *Gply the athe* ists religon is a rcUfloB Ih which he has substituted himself, his Ideas, his conception of the mechanical nature of the universe for the religious concept of the personal God.

Let us always remember that a negative approach to timth is never .satisfactory. In all our reasoning we need to employ negatives only to correct mistaken ideas. They never discover new Ideas. They ne-

of

ver lead us Into realms light.

Get yourself a religioo. You are a poor, miserable creature if you do not have some kind of religious faith to sustain you. This thing we call life comes to an end at last, and to, them we are miserable and we have nothing we can hold to. then wer are miserable and derelict indeed.

Neither your religon nor mine will ever be perfect. It will, by the Imperfect nature of our minds, characters, and personalities be far from satisfactory. But God is not interested so much in t>ur achievement as in our diligence, persi.stencc and determination to achieve

We dont just lie back in an easy chair and get our religion, neither do we inherit It. We have to make effort, sometimes fight, for our faith. But when we get a solid and abiding faith, we are ready to start building our lives.

One of the first of many sugar plums the Johnson Administration hopes to present to the public between now and the next election Js a cut in transatlantic plane fares. Like many of the Johnson plums, this blossomed under President Kennedy.

Transatlantic air fares are set by the International Air Transport Association (lATA). an organization of 93 of the worlds scheduled air 1 i n e s. This functions as an international tnist but its agreements must be approved by each airlines government.

In September. 1962. I AT A. meeting at (^h|U)dler, Arlz., agreed on an Increase of about 5 per cent in tran.satlantic fares for the year starting April 1. The United States and Canada withheld approval The Civil Aeronautics Board notified Pan American, and TWA that me rise did not make sense because both lines had lots of empty seats and a fare hike wa.s not a way to fill them^ THE LION ROARS

However, the British Minis

try of AviatiM) threatened to refuse to allow U. S. carriers to use British airports and the CAB backed down before this vote of the British lion. And ever since transatlantic passengers have been mying higher rates, thanks to the wily British and the lATA cartel, except, of course, those who have gone by Icelandic Airlines which is not a member and sets its own fares.

lATA assembled at Salzburg, Austria, this fall to fix rates for the ^ear starting April 1. By this time, all the airlines had seen the wisdom of the . S. position and agreed to cuts. However. Irish Airlines and the Israeli El A1 objected because the cuts Involved the dl.scontlnuance of group fares and* Trans Canada Alrl I n e s held" the cuts were* not large enough.

When the meeting broke up without agreement, it look e d as if there might be no deal on transatlantic fares starting next April 1, and that each line could charge what it wished.

ADMINISTRATION GETS BUSY

But this didnt please the Administration either. C u t-throat " competition, aviat i o n advisors said, might lead to losses and hence to subsidies for U. S, lines. So a team of CAB and State ^Department experts have been quietly working behind the scenes trying to bring about an agreement. The experts have visited Britain. France,, Italy, Denmark. Norway, Sweden and. of course Israel and Ireland.

In consequence, lATA members are working on a new deal. Reports are that transatlantic rates will be cut 15 per cent, but that there will be a number of other adjustments to keep all the airlines happy and rich. Group rates may continue, but there may be some limit on the mark-downs. Both El A1 and Irish In.slst that they cannot siuwive without group flights. There may be s<wne limitations on prices for charter flights too. The round - trip discount may be smaller,

But the lines may agree to an earlier proposal of a cut in one-way first class fares across the Atlantic, bringing the

by JOHN CHAMBERI^IN

Copyright, 1683. King Features Syndicate. Inc.

It was <3eorge Bevel, the man who directed the pubTc relations end of the 1960 Citizens Committee for Lyndon Johnson, who was speaking.

"Its curious. he said. "-?ck in 1960, when we hoped to nominate Lyndon,.wc got oUt a forty-page booklet defining him in relation to the ten most important tesues then confronting the . S. people. As I look back on it. there wasnt a thing that Johnson was eq.,i-vocal about. Yet today, there are th(^ who wtmder where he will come to rest cm a lot of things. I dont see where there is any mystery.

Bevel, a Texan who baa set down new roots to New Yoi^ City and Washington, doing organizing work for the next Democratic convention, thinks that Johnson is especially constituted to appeal to the North. There are two big reasons for this. One, Johnson has the sort of temperotment that should enable him to get along with the busines community provided,. of course, that it doesnt pull any rough stuff." "Look at it this way," said Bevel. "Johnson is perhaps their best sampler of minds in the country; he keeps his promises; he Is tolerant of all points of view until he had arrived at a decision, and then, having arrived at a consensus, he is Intolerant of the backbiting arfd Intrigue of second-guessers; he is a bom organizer; and he probably Icnows^ as much about foreign trade as anybody in government. Why wouldnt business look to such a man for strengthening the economic positicm of the country?

The Johnscm "feel for things in Mr. Bevels estimatlcm, should be particularly Bppaiy ent in relation to Latin America. "People think of Johnson as being a domestic politician, he said. "But no man who ran the Senate Policy Committee could be ignorant of foreign affairs. Coming from Texas, Johnson is an aficionado about Mexico. He has no prejudices * that get in the way of seeing the Latin American temperament for What it is. As a young man he taught school in South Texas if you look it up, I think youll find it was an all-Mexican school. >Lt was in Acapulco, Mexico, that I was interviewed by Johnson in 1960. at the instance of John Connally, now the Texas governor, for my Citizens Committee job.

"Johr.son has always been In and out of Mexico. On one of his trips he persuaded the Mexican President, Lopez Mateos, to visit his ranch at Johnson City. Lopez Mateos was a little concerned about posible discrimination against his person in Texas. Johnson set his mind to rest on 4* that score.

The point about this is that Johnson knows how to talk to Latin Americans if it ^is at all possible, he is ihe.^iflan to deal with the Argeirtmians. He wil Icertainly tighten things up in the balance of payments and foreign aid business. As for his not knowing Europe, this is nonsense. Chancellor Adenauer visited with Johnson in his office in the Senate back in 1960. Before the long chat" was over, Johnson had made Adenauer promise to visit him _^in Texas on his next trip to the U, S. When Adenauer did come back to the U. S, he spent some time with Johnson at his ranch. Johnson knows

how to bring p(H>le to him, and it wasnt for show, for the Adenauer promise waa made before the electlim.

"The second reason for thinking that Johns(m can appeal to the North is that he has

been a real leader on divU rights. Just think of It, it was as a Texas Senator .who had just recovered from a massive heart attack that Johnson engineered, if that is the word for it. the first clv rlgbts bill since the Civil War. A couple of years after this he promised that If the Senate would

not take up a new cIvH rights

bill by 1960, he, Johnson, would Introduce one personally. He kept his promise by attaching a civil rights rider to an in-(Continued On Paire 5)

Public

New York - to - Lcndon rate down from $475 to $400. and the current $263 year - round economy fare down to $255 in summer and ^10 off season, with rates to other European points prc^rti(ate]y down.

The Administration win take deserved credit and quietly hope all voters will be back by Election Day.

NEW WORD LS COMING INTO WOMENS LIVES

"Nylon Is a generic twm for a certain kind of synthetic fiber; "nylonfi has become a generic term for womens hosiery made of that fiber.

But "Cantrece" may shortly become a trademarked name "for such stockings. Du Pont has developed a new kind of nylon, ^'a totally different yam with a special self crimping property that puts. . .give Into .stockliuis. providing a new kind of leg flattery as well as greater freedom to fit. . .which neither washes nor wears out." Stockings of Cantrece will be available from many hosiery milla early next year it from $1.65 to $lJt a pair.

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