Tuesday, November 19, 1963

An Asset To Established System

Fischetti

Will the new system of community colleges in colleges will bring more local funds into the higher North Carolina adversely affect future appropria* education^ system of North Carolina as the years tions to institutions such as East Carolina College? pass. The staters per capita cost for students enrolled This question is being asked with_^ increasing in community colleges will remain far below that frequency across the state as North Carolina moves for the established system of colleges and universi-tp implement action of the 1963 legislature author- ties.

iring the establishment of community colleges. Throughout the state there has been in recent

It is our frank opinion now, as it was when the years an increasing appreciation of the value-of community college proposal was being debated in state-supported colleges outside the university sys-Raleigh, that this new facet of higher education will tern. Without exception these colleges of North Caro-prove an asset rather than a liability to the estab- lina have grown'in the calibre of service they are lished system of higher education in the state. rendering the state. And with this growth, they have It is true that additional state funds will be received the greater attention which they so richly required for the system of community colleges in deserved from the legislature.

^ iulufe years. BQt It is also true that these community North Carolina needs its system of higher edu

cation which includes the university system, the

mfoR A ^ iPfic imw

^Mmr/1MSH .

jOng Isolation

Is Beina

naea

By WnXIAM A. SHIRES

BRIDGEA curving two and a half mile long bridge of reinforced cwicrete and steel will be opened this week across Oregon Inlet and end ttie long isolation of Halteras Island.

The bridge means that thousands of persons each year who might otherwise never visit Hatteras will be able to drive quickly and easily from the tourist-popular Nags Head-Man-teo area (to the Icmgest and most famous isle of the storied Outer Banks.

In effect, it opens the major portion of the picturesque, 70-mile long Cape Hatteras National Seashore to the public by breaking the bottleneck of slow, paencerwearing ferry service at Oregon Inlet.

The state-operated ferr 1 e s managed to carry a maximum of only about 2,000 vehicles a day and in peak periods their docks were the scene of traffic jams and long lines of cars whose passengers never got across. In addition, the operation and maintenance t h e ferries was a costly half a million dollars a year. North Carolina's $1.5 nllion share of the cost of the new $4 million structure should be amortized in three years.

MARKS Bridging of Ore-gon Inlet te realization of an ambltiocs undertaking hardly believed possible or feasible a few years ago. It also is a major milestone in the states transportation and travel history.

It marks the first bridging of a major ocean-sound Inlet between,the sandy barrier islands strewn along North Carolinas coast. Thirty years ago, the only transportation available between the islands was by mail boat and private craft.

The state has operated its coastal ferry system for less than a) years. Free ferry Service across Oreg(xi Inlet was not established rnitll 1950. A private ferry service was begun by Toby Tillett in 1932 with a craft that carried (mly four cars per trip.

It was not until the 1940s that the state built 57 mUes of paved road down the length of Hatteras Island. The present-day ferry service came into being when, through efforts of the NatiiHial Park Service, the atate obtained lease of six converted U. S. Navy LCUs and put them in operatiwi.

TRAFFIC Travel and traffic to Hatteras increased steadily year by year, showing a marked jump with establishment of the National Seashore Recreation Area and with pm-moti(m of the sportsfishi n g, vacati(m and sightseeing and camping facilities on Hatteras.

Still, by comparison, the flow of traffic to Hatteras remained a bare trickle. The lure of its lonely beaches, pounding surf, Its quaint villages and old customs, sky and salt air beckoned with Irresistible attractian. But getting to Hatteras was not easy, and there were many pitfalls and bottlenecks to discourage travelers.

One by one, thse have been removed or smoothed out. The Oregon Inlet bridge Is the fifth

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i - - 1

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Associate;! Press Is exclusively entitled to use for publication all news dispatches crqdfted to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and alsq the local news publlsheo herein All rights of publication^ of special dispatches here are also reserved.

^Member Audit Bureau of pirculatioh- \

Alt adverti^ilng copy mu.st b|e ret'eived *l l^t one day before publieaeion date. \

established college system and the new community college system. We have every confidence that the legislature in future years will continue to^accord each level of the higher education system the consideration it deserves without encroaching upon the other levels within the overall system. ;

major span to be buUt In recent years to ccmnect Dare County and its historic and romantic coast to the mainland of North Carolina. First came bridges acrc^ Currituck, Cora-tan and Roanoke Sounds and then, nearly two years ago, bridging of the Alligator river which ended ferry connections except at Oregon Inlet, Hatteras and Ocracoke.

SPANThe project to bridge Oregon Inlet came next and it was advertised for bids in January, 1962, as the Alligator River bridge was being finished. Successful bidder was McLean Construction Co., Baltimore, Md.. at a figure of $3,-977.333.19.

Preliminary studies indicated two possible locations. One was a direct route across the inlet. But a second, more curving and somewhat longer line was chosen to follow the shoal line in the Pamlico Sound. The shorter. route would have required a higher unit cost because of deeper pilings and stronger currents.

The span thus curves gracefully up to a 65-foot vertical clearance hi a fixed-span design eliminating necessity for a drawbridge.

The contractors have finished the job some seven and a half months ahead of schedule and engineering studies thus far indicate the choice of route was a wise one. A major nor easier storm In March, 1962, washed away a small portiwi of Bodie Island on the north side of the inlet and, according to highway officials, indicated clearly that the longer bridge bent around into the Sound with long approached over Bodie and Hatteras islands was the correct solution to the problem of channel-shifting due to storms.

BRIDGE NOTES The new bridge is to be named in honor of veteran First district Rep. Herbert C. Bonner who was instrumental In obtaining federal approval of the project and in action by Congress to reimburse North Carolinas h^hway department $500,000 of its 50-50 share of the cost. This money has been paid to the state by the National Park service.

The ceremonies Wednesd a y will include a final trip of the Oregon Inlet ferry and a ribbon-cutting on the bridge itself. Formal dedication of the span Is to be scheduled next Spring.

Major purpose of the bridge, of course, Is to boost the travel Indiretry on the coast since up to 80 per cent of the Oregon Inlet ferry trips have been shown to be tourist-oriented. But already the bridge has served humanitarian purposes. It has been opened ai several occasi(ms for emergencies such as evacuation of persons from Hatteras villages during t h e threat of recent hurricane Gin-ny and to rush seriously-111 persons to mainland hospitals by ambulance.

Prior to this stage of construction of a long-awaited bridge, such emergency cases most often had to be handled by boat or by plane or Coast Guard helicopter.

The Impossible Poses

_ , /.

A Needed Challenge

PbW5At Newipeper S7wKcte

By ART BUCHWAL

There are implications in a comment by New York Timesman James Reston that induce/a pause for thought. i

He is quoted as saying 'Tor the first time-^ince the war, one begins to hear doubts that mortal jmen are capable of solving or even controlling the pbliti-cal, social and economic problems life has placed before them. \

This is a grim assessment for a nation wlidse people traditionally seek to find all the answers.

Shopping With Barry

Sen. Goldwater has announced that he would like to see the government sell the TVA. He has been criticized for this, but we feel It might not be a bad Idea. The government always seems to be short' of money and we cant Politically, our system is in a most decided think of a better way for it to minority; other sections and peoples of the woi^d ^

live by and with the concept of rulers and the rule^. nur

/-v .! * M - It would certainly make our

Our republican form of government simply does not holiday shopping easier. Weve

seem to fit the temperaments of most other peoples* been having the damdest time Socially, we have our problems at home where J^ytog to think of seething the ideal and individuals attitudes clash; abroad, anything

our ideal is more often at odds with custom and \ hed .love more than a TVA aU choice than in hairmony with them.

Economically the great majority of the worlds

people are poverty-stricken by our own standards, ___________

and even here at home there are occasions of poverty dw^***and pirt'ta a bid foVlt.

which baffle attempts to alleviate. But the man behind the coun-

We are a peace-loving nation, but we have been

involved in conflicts on the average of one every 25 the tva,

years of our existance. Always, it seems, in some We have to wait until af-part of the globe there is armed strife pr the building of tensions that lead to it.

his own.

As a matter of fact, we went down to the General Administration Offices the other

ter the elections, he. added.

Thats a shame, we said. My kid bad his heart set on it.

What about the Grand

Probably the same way he has solved other Taree

as the TVA, but kids seem to

So how does mortal man think to find the answers to problems that have always existed?

lesser problems.

First he dreams, then he tries and tries and tries. There may be no answers, but our very natures demand the challenge.

AssumDtions In

D

l ax i^roDosais

like it.

I had something bigger In mind. Af^er all, the boy Is 10 years old.

. The man studied his list We have a sale on Yosemite National Park this week. Im not sure he would go for parks. I bought him Yellowstone Paric for his birthday, and he only played in it

a few times. Besides, Id like something closer to Washington.

Would you be Interested In something like the Capitol? I dont know. Id hate to have him playing so near the Quorum Club.

Let me think, the man said. Heres something nice for a boy Dulles International Airport.

He already has Boll In Field. His grandmother gave it to him this summer for cutting her lawn.

He seems to have everything, the man said.

Well, you know how kids are these days.

I guess the Grand Canyon would be out of this ues-tion? the man asked.

Its rather steep. I wjii| thinking of somethhig a little less expensive.

I have Just the thing. The U. S. S. Enterprise. Its nuclear powered and there is only one of them in existence. That is a thought. Put It aside and Ill think about It. Would you like to buy the White House? It comes furnished.

That would be sort of fun for my daughter. Does the p(my come with it?

No. Im sorry. Were selling it without the pony. Forget it.

Does your son like military things?

Yes, at times he does, Well, weve just been told to sell the Aberdeen Proving Grounds.

His mother

Too noisy, would object.

Then we said, What about Cape Canaveral?

We don't own It, the man replied.

Who does?

A certain Mr. Baker. He brought It for Investment purposes.

Dont you have anything else?

One more thing. The Naval Academy at Annapolis. We havent even advertised It on televislOT yet.

Thats it. we said. Our kid alwaj^ said he wanted a naval academy of his own. The man filled out the sales slip, handed it to us, and said. As soon as I hear about the TVA Ill let you know.

Coal In Voting t

Di

t^icture

Opinions Brief

Probably the carrying capacity of no other form of transportation has been Increased as much in recent years as that of the gravy train. Blanchester (Ohio) Star-Republican.

GEORGE HAGEDORN

A little knowledge is a dangerous thing especially in public affair. This is illustrated by assumptions which seem to underlie the demand for overhaul of our individual income tax system to eliminate what are called loopholes. There are two such underlying assumptions: first, the notion that a large part of the income of the American people escapes taxaticm (which is true); and second, the belief that this is due to special provisions for privileged groups of high Income taxpayers (which Ls false).

A recent study by the US. Department of Commerce analyzed the relationship In 1960 between total income and total taxable income of individuals. It turns out that out of a total personal Income of $401 billion only $172 bUlion was taxable. Thus It is tnie that almost 60 per cent of the income of the American people is not subject to the federal incOTie tax.

But the same study goes on to break down the $229 billion of untaxed Income into its component parts. The biggest item is the personal exemptions of taxable Individuals, which amounted to $81 billion. This is the total of the $60 exemptions that every taxpayer. rich or poor, gets for himself and each of his dependents.

Thus more than a third of the difference between taxable and total income Is accounted for by the perswial exemptions that every taxpayer Is entitled to deduct. Those who cry loophole are not complaining, presumably, about

this Item.

Now, another third, approximately, is explained by provisions in the law which exclude certain kinds of income which accrue mainly to lower income citizens. Social security benefits, unemployment bi-surance payments and veterans' pensions do not have to be reported for tax purposes. Fringe benefits of employees for example their employers' cwitributions to pension funds are also not taxed. Various forms of b(Mi - cash income (for instance the room and board of an employee who lives to for his employers convenience) are another element In this category. Anybody want to call these things'^ loopholes"?

The remainder of the discrepancy between total and taxable income, aside from a number of .small miscellaneous items, c(Hisist6 of the income of nontaxable individuals 18 billiwi dollars and the personal deductions of taxable individuals 45 billion dollars. Of the latter, $12 billion was taken In the form of the standard deduction In no case more than $1,000 per taxpayer. We might expect to find the alleged loopholes of high-bracket taxpayers In their Itemized deductions, but the total of all such deducticms for individuals with more than $25.000 of income turns out to be only $4 billion.

There are of course many debatable features in the tax code. But the notimi that we could substantially broaden the tax base by eliminating special so - called loopholes available only to the rich is pure myth.

Other Editors Saying... Goldwaters Dilemma

Perhaps this Thanksgiving Day, great numbers of us win observe it in the spirit of our forefathers. If so, It will truly be a day of thanks for the blessings of the past, broken with troubles as they may have beenand a day in which we will find new courage to meet whatever is to come.Industrial News Review.

(Christian Science Monitor)

Sen. Barry Goldwater is In a very difficult spot and he 1 entitled to consideration because of it. He is trying to stand off from the cluster around the political center in the United States where presidents and politicians have gathered since the war. He wants; obviously, to develop a vigorous conservative policy with which to oppose the Rockefeller and Kennedy types of candidate.-

He is having a hard time doing it. Why?

There are two dominant rea^ sons, neither of which is his fault. First is the nature of American politics. It is traditional It is hard political realism that a Democrat to nail down his left and start moving toward the right and that a Republican has to nail down his right and start moving toward the left. Winning votes in the United States is like winning customers in a mass market. Success comes from avoiding (rffense to important groups and from a broad appeal that will embrace many conflicting inter-e.sts.

Senator Goldwater has his right all. right. The question Is whether he wants to move left. And if so, how far to go. Compromise has its drawbacks for him and his enthusiastic followers. It puts less premium

on courage and honest convictions, more pressure on searching for common grounds. But it has its advantages for the nation. There is a reason for big (Hnnibus political parties. Who wants an old-style Chamber of Deputies for the United States, where each faction puts its special interest ahead of the common good?

The second obstacle fac i n g Mr. Goldwater is just as awkward.

It is the nature of great de-ciskins facing a president of the United States today that they are often conftoed within narrow and frustrating limits. Questions of foreign policy are surrounded with nuclear fire. Many domestic Issues are poised between inflatlrai and reces-Kioo. A president usually does not have dramatic room for maneuver.

Mr. Goldwater seems to know that he now has to come down to cases. Former President Eisenhower is demanding it and so will the other candidates. the politicians and the voters. He perswiaUy wants a full-fledged cwiservatlsm. Does he wish to adjust his personal convictions to political realism, to those large voting groups over at the political center? Will he accept or reject the narrower range of responsible choice confronting a president of all the people? This is his decision and he doesnt have much time.

An Atlanta man who hqld up a post office says he figured the government could afford to lose the money better than anyone else. Has he looked at the national debt figure lately? Fort Myers News Press.

nPPCRHUiTlPCIC

*Y(hethr yoore hunting

bear, or deer or grouse.

for safety sake, wear

a bright color btouse.

Bt k UH Shootm THE NARONALRlHi ASSOCIATION

BY JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963, King Peaturei Syndicate, Inc.

Dont look now, but the pre-Idential election of 1964 cotd be determined by something that is almost never mentiou-ed in relation to it. That one thing is the ancient comr modity of coal.

The reason for saying this is that coal, although the efficient mines have staged a remarkable comeback, is still implicated with unemployment in the midst of prosperity. This that Kennedy must win if he unemployment is peculiarly associated with the very states ing to do wonders for West is overcome the losses he is going to have to take elsewhere in the nation.

As the pollsters and the dope-sters sit over their charts, they give the Republicans the Old South, the Southwest, and much of the Middle West, on the theory that Barry Goldwater wl be the cnadldate.

They give Kennedy New England and, assuming that Rockefeller must cause bad blood

between Republican conserva- Z

lives and liberals in his home state, the Democrats axe conceded New York as well. But >.

the coal states Pennsylvania, West Virginia. Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee and, to a lesser extent, Indiana and Illinois are up for grabs. They have some of the prosperity that is the almost universal concomitant of a $6(X) billion annual gross national product, but they*

have those bad pockets of pov- *

erty that seem to persist in spite of everything.

Less than four years ago John F. Kennedy turned the frustration of one of the coal states, West Virginia, into his first great stepping stone to ,

the White House. He was going to do wonders for wWest Virginia, as Franklin D. Roose-, , velt Jr., the Kenpedy "am-

bassador to the coves and ^

hillsides of the mountign

state, promised in the We.st Virginia primaries. But little came of the promises aside

from palliatives such as the food stamp plan.

Using the magic of the FDR initials once more. Kennedy, by ^ I

recently naming Franklin D.'

Jr. the head of a commission* to restore the economy of I

Appalachia in a sort of Oper- . atlon Bootstrap, managed to save the governorship of Kentucky for the Democrats by a hairs breath. But this sort of promise wont win forever, *

The fact is that the miners are tired of pie in the sky. On ^ a coal Policy Committee jun-ket through the coal country which I made early in OctobFrT^

I happened to room with an official of the United Mine Workers. I was surprised at the Olympian coolness that the offlcial, a thoroughly classconscious labor man, exhibited toward all the political parties, whether major or minor. He gave me to understand that Ws (Continued on page It .ZI

Social Security Taxes A Brake

Strength For Today

By ELMER ROESSNER

By EARL L. DOUGLAS

PERHAPS SEE THE DOCTOR

Some people love to dictate. They may dictate only in a little area such as home, or shop, or office. There are

dictators in Industry both on the part of managers and on the part of labor leaders. A few men have tried to dominate the world. Alexander tried it about 2.300 years ago and died at the age of thirty-three as the result of a diiinken brawl It might be argued that one rea-sm why he drank so much was because of a continual sense of frustration as he tackled an Impossible jpb.

Napoleon tried to dominate Europe. Hitler aspired to dominate the whoje world. The

headlines of the newspapers reflect the national and international concern over the rise of new dictators.

The desire to dictate and dominate is incomprehen.slble to those who are free of thcj)as-

siMi. Tliey simply cannot un

derstand how some people are

so anxious to dominate others that they would gladly sell their souls to gain the privilege.

We look with suspicion and growing animosity upon political figures who are afflicted with the domination complex. The dwriinaUng wife or husband, father or mother, business leader or politician gaip notoriety. They may sometimes reach the height of pub-

Its not income taxes that are holding back tiie economy but the high Social Security Levies, according to John Regan Stark, counsel to the House Banking and Currency Committee.

While the Administration was talking about a massive tax cut, social security payroll taxes were increased last January L r^uclng disposable Income of wage gamers by about

11c acclaim. Most of the time. \ $2 billion annually. he wrote

1___________ Ai________ _i___j _i 51%A X7m411 A-nrrA

however, they are despised obstructionists especially endowed with the capacity to make their fellow men unhappy.

If you do not have the domination complex then thank God every tirne you say your dally prayers. If you do' have It. remember that smallpox and bubonic plague are incon-.sequential little upsets compared with the malady which Is yours.

If your chief delight in life if bos.slng others about, then it might be well for you to con.sult a p.sychiatri.st and especially to say your prayers.

to the November Challenge, published by New York Univer-tsity's Institute of Economic \ \Affairs.

' The Old-Age and Survivors insurance program is now taking $14 billion a year out of the economy, and accumulated \ assets are about $20 billion. Of \this $14 bUlion, about $13 bfl-lion is poured back into the economy In OASI payments to lxnit 18 million persons. O.NE-ELEVENTH OF INCOME Stark went on: According to the latest e.stlniates. a level pi^mlum rate of 9.25 per cent will be necessai*y to finance thiif Ufogramiin perpetuity or.

more precisely, untU the year 2050. the terminal date of the projections made by actuaries.

The projections iMibUflhed annually in the reports of the Social Security Systems board of trustees indicate a gradual rise in benefit costs measured as a percentage of covered pay-roll from the present level of 6 per cent to 10.5 per cent by the end of our century.

He added: i

The prospect of massite forced savings through payroll withholdings Is particularly disturbing at this time when our economy is beset with persistent unemployment, unutilized productive capacity and slow over-all growth. Rather than

poraUons. Over the same span of years social security taxes which fall almost entirely on low income families, have risen by at least $8 billion to $10 billion annually. The report goes to stress ttoe need for a redistribution of the tax bul-den through a greater net tax reduction for lower incmne groups.

The report commends the Administrations tax program which alms to increase consumer demand. I tmlght w have added, however, that whi the Administration is seeking to loosen the brakes on our torpid economy through a substantial income tax cut, social security taxes were raised by an aggregate of $2 bU-

an increasingly burdensome tax t. lion a year on Jan. 1, 1963. The

that is what bothers Static.

He concludes, Prompt consideration should be given to (1) reducing the ccxnblned py^ roll tax rate to 6 per cent, which is just about sufflclent^ , to pay tte present aggregatx costs of benefits and (2) fq|^^ ing the rate permanently that level* As benefit dlsburfi^^ ments rise In the years ahead,"*' the government can make np the difference out of general revenues.

Stark .did not point out that making up social security payments out of general revenues would either (1- previait a cut in inccmie taxes or (2) swell the inflationary national defi-<?it, .

weighing most heavily on those who eaim the least, the economy requires a rise in the disposable Income of low Income groups, which have the greatest propensity to consume, RICH PRIMARILY AIDED The Joint Econoijilc Cwn-mittee of Congress pointed out last Pebniary that almost all tax reductions granted in recent years benefited primarily the higher Income groups snd car-

present combined rate of 7.25 per cent on the first $4,800 of wages has been reached by eight Increases, the first of which took plaxie in 1950 (the employer and employee each pay half of the tax)."

The torpidity of the economy is somewhat disputable, since income, sales and production are rlstog I rieW high peaks. Of the- major indexes, only to sick,' perhaps

SMEONE HAS TO BE SUCKER FOR COMMUNISTS FAILURES The Insiders Newsletter reports that a Soviet radio st*> Uon has been unable to an* wer thU question from a listener:

If all the countries in Um world become socialist, where are we going to get our wbegt and com? \.a