Baturday, October 12^ 1963

Pledge Education

Just A Piece Of Paper?

^ North Carolinas program of improving public standards in its public schools is by its very nature education has received a new boost in recent weeks a long-range undertaking. At the outset it was not as hats have been tossed into the 1964 political ring, expected that the goals could be attained in one or Two major candidates have announced for the two four-year administrations. An excellent start Democratic gubernatorial nomination: Judge Rich- has been made toward attaining those goals in the ardson Preyer of Greensboro and Judge Dan Moore first two and one-half years of Gov. Sanfords ad-of Canton, While neither of these candidates has ministration, but it will take many mre years be-yet attempted to spell out a platform or tie his fore North Carolina can boast that its public schools candidacy to key programs, each has given his en- are among the very best in the nation, dorsement to the better education program launched North Carolina can no more achieve the calibre by Gov. Sanford. ' of public education it needs in a short four-year

In effect each of these major candidates has period than it could achieve all the economic growth said the program of improving North Carolinas it needed through industrialization iri'the adminis-public schools is sound and must be continued dur- tration of the governor. , ,

ing the next administration. . - Whoever succeeds Terp Sanford as governct

While such statements at this early stage of the of North parolina, it is of utmost importance to th# campaign cannot be interpreted as meaning that state and its people that efforts are continued t^

either of the candidates will embrace the entire program of quality education proffered by Gov. Sanford, they do suggest that better public schools will continue to have high priority in the states program after the Sanford administration ends.

North Carolinas program to achieve higher

meet the educational needs of the state at both th< public school and higher education levels.

uncertainly

SDecia.

in

Important Economic Gain For Pitt County

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

^UNCERTAIN There is Mi unde rcurrent of uncertainty about the convening trf the General Asseitibly in its special ession on Senate redistrictlng.

There is uncertainty, and legislative leaders, Gov. Terry Sanford and Democratic party officials had hoped this could be removed prior to calling the lawmakers back to Raleigh. Their efforts to remove it faded.

But while there is uncertainty, there is not the sense of utter futility which prevailed about the issue of Senate re-districting when the regular session adjourned sine die last June 26. There is some hope that a redistricting bill can be enacted and apparently it is a substantial hope. In fact, there is a certain amount of confidence about it.

. GOVERNOR Governor Sanford says he is satisfied that there is enough support to redistrict the state Senate under the constituon. He is confident on this point.

Beyond that. Sanford feels it Is up to the legislature. The uncertainty concerns what strings are attached to the redistricting bill that the goveriior will recommend. specifically the insistence upon a constitution amendment.

The governor will outline his recommendations to the legislature in a special mesage to a joint session at 12:30 p. m. today. Sanford made clear only that redistricting as prescribed and required by the state eonstitutiona will be the first order of business and the main <H^er of business."

I am satisfied that we will end up with a redistricting bill," . Sanford said.

AMENDMENT Sanfords redistrict now" plan closely follows the pattern outlined by the administration in a series of meeting with legislators in, August. There have been some changes. The alterations appear to have won general agreement.

It is known that majority of legislators have signed the redistrict now" bill. The question that clouds the special sesin is whether this signified support is conditional upon acceptance of an constitutional fimendment to change the method of legislative apportionment and change the numerical makeup of the two houses. .

There appeared an extremely close division between legislators who favor a constitutional amendment approach and those who flatly oppose a constitutional amendment. In general, this division lies along House-6iate lines. A majori^ of senators favors a constitutional amendment and the majority of House members opposes one.

QUIET Administration strategy apparently will be keyed to developments after the law

makers convene. Sanford, answering newsmens questions ioV lowing formal Issuing of the special session proclamation, was quiet about the controversy concerning the amendment.

He declined to say what ' will recommend about this. It is expected, however, that Sanford will propoe a constitutional amendment to be submitted to the people In a ,|*eferendum sometime in 1964 if a majority of legislators see fit.

Sanford apparently will not insist upon the amendment idea, but wil Ipropose it as a way of solving the redistrict-ing Impasse.

Precisely what Is done, he said, is up to the legislature. The prime purpose of the special session and his principal objective is redistricting according to the present constitution, Sanford said.

LEADERS House Speaker Clifton Blue, appearing with Sanford and Senate president Clarence Storie on the occasion of the proclamation, conceded that House sentiment still is against a constitutional amend-ment.

Answering a newsmans question, Blue said House sentiment on the tissue is about the same" as during the regular session. He added that perhaps it was a little more inclined (toward an amendment) in the East and in the West.

Stone refused comment on several questions relating to how the Senate might act, saying that it will be up to the Senate.

ROLE The governors proclamation was issued four days prior to convening of the special session. Although he had announced his intention to. call the ^special session,on Oct. 14, it was described as an eleventh hour action.

There had been doubt almost up until the time of the formal proclamation that the special session would be called on the mentioned date'JcaiJ=?e of the continuing uncertainty.

Sanford told newsmen, however. that he was calling the sessiOTi as he had been requested to do in a joint resolution adopted on the final day of the regular session. The governor inferred then that the responsibility for redistricting now falls upOTi the legislatpre itself and that insofar as his role is concerned, suggesting a redistricting plan and calling the special session, his responsibility will end with delivery of his message to the General Assembly.

The alternative, of course, is clear. If the legislature now does not redistrict the Senate whcih it has not done for 22 years then the federal courts will do It.

It was not referred to in such a manner, but it was apparent that what Sanford has called Is a last chance" for senate ^redistricting. _

Formal opening of the new Collins and Aikman manufacturing plant in Farmville marks another important economic stride for Farmville and all of Pitt County.

As one of the leading diversified textile firms of the nation, the Collins and Aikman organization enjoys a position of considerable prestige among the nations industries. The fact that it has chosen to locate one of its plants at Farmville adds prestige to that community and the rest of Pitt County.

The new industry means additional manufacturing jobs in the county, and these jobs in turn ______

will mean more payrolls. The payrolls will mean t>. Ti7TXTT?PT7'n T' P nTiWTM additional purchasing power and this in turn will -Dy WIJNr IvJLJJ J-/. CjVJI/YVXIN

add momentum,to.the continued upward progress of

the economy of the county.

It is always significant when a new industrial firm casts its lot with Pitt County. Immediately new economic gains are felt in the county, and the countys potential for future economic development is likewise enhanced.

The Daily Reflector joins with other citizens in welcoming Collins and Aikman as a new corporate citizen of Pitt County.

Frienas

Strife

Federal Education Aids

Director, Southern Regional

Education Board In 1962, federal agencies made

A, Good Will Is Worth While

grants of $74,300,000 to streanth-en and modernize curriculum In higher education and elementary and secondary school programs. Over 65 per cent of the funds went to the sciences and

mathematics.

Of that total some $9 million was spent nn higher education programs and $65 million'on elementary and secondary school programs.

The National Science Foundation spent $5 mlllic In the colleges and universities of t h e South and the nation to moder-

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Elstablished 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office. OreenviUe, N. C., as second class mail matter.

#

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Town) Week 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

Greenrllle Post Office, Pitt County, RobersonviUe, Vanceboro, Washington and Chocowinity.

Three Mcrntha ............... .\| .7B

Six Months ....A.....................:... 7.00

One Year ....................'............. 13.00

North Carolina (other than Usted above)

Three Months ............................ I 4.00

Six Months ...:.......................... 7.60

One Year ...... 14J)0

Plus 3% N. O. Sales Tax All Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months ................ I 4.25

Six Months ..................... 8.00

One Year .................... 18.00

BY ROGER BABSON

BABSON PARK. Mass., Everyone should make a will, and many should now make a codicil. I give here seven reasons why. Too miy people die suddenly and unexpectedly (especially in automobile accidents). While of course you may live a long life, you also may die next week. My wife, after many happy years which we had together, died suddenly a few months ago after only two days of illness. She had made her will six years ago; but I am sure she would have made many Important changes but was too* busy to get to^t.

APPOINT YOUR OWN EXECUTOR

Reason 1. To be sure of having an executor friendly to your interests and one who would 'be iJteaaed'with your will, rather than having some judge perhaps appoint a friend of his as executor with whom you might not be satisfied. You can appoint your own executor when writing your will; but I would not let the executor know what it contains until after death.

Reason 2. If you die without a will and the court has to disburse your estate, it may feel obliged to advertise for heirs you might never have heard of. Such expense and complications can be largely eliminated by making a will and appointing your own executor. You can then also provide that the executor give your beneficiaries property or securities at a fair value instead of cash.

Reason 3. By making a will you can give your executor certain discretionary powers, like determining what property to sell and deciding various other things. You can directly will certain articles of ftimiture, clothing, etc., to deeinite people arid be sure things are done

make a will or add a codicil.

Reason 6. If the estate goes to a court - appointed executor it may take two years or more before being settled and your wife and family may have nothing on which to live during this period. By making a will you can authorize your executor to pay our wife a certain amount each month pending settlement of your estate, or to give lier more money if an unexpected illness or other trouble should come.

Reason 7. I hope you will have soie church or charities, as well as friends, to whom you ' wish to make a gift. This can be done only by executing a will. The only hope of this old world is religion: and the

church* holds the key and is the doorway thereto,

CONSULT A GOOD LAWYER

Dont try to make you own will or codicil yourself to save a few dollars; but go to a good lawyer. I reread my will once every year usually on my birthday usually make a codicil as needed.

The lawyer should be a resident of your state; laws differ in different states. He will tell you how many witnesses must see you sign your will, and explain that these witnesses should be people who are NOT mentioned in the will or codicils. There also are other technicalities which your lawyer will explain to you.

Finally, let me stress the Importance of lettipg nobody except the lawyer who draws up the will for you know its contents. Sign only the original will and original codicils, and

Other E(ditors Saying Schools The Question

(Hertford County Herald)

This years General Assembly authorized calling a $100 million bond issue referendum for school building cmstructitm throughout the state. As yet no date for voting on the issue has . been set. But debate a plenty has been going on as to whether a yes or no" vote would be best (ce the election is held.

Most of the argument to date has centered not on whether the money is needed to pay for schoolrooms that should already have been |>uilt but rather on whether the states tax struet'^K Wtabro sad who would end up paying the bill. There seems little argument against the fact that many more school buildings are needed around the state than even a $100 million bond Issue can provide.

Most protest voiced up to now has been along the line that if the state bond issue passes little people will be punished by having to pay for the schooF buildings through the medium of the sales tax. These theorists of the unfairness of the sales tax suggest that local and county property taxes should carry the burden of needed school constructi.

This theory that the sales, tax and particularly that part raised through grocery sales would bear the cost of North Carolinas school buildings if

then take these sealed wlth-fl-^l^ Pf^ses is un

red wax to your bank for safekeeping, getting a receipt. Have your lawyer make only the original will and codicils, and only one carbon copy which you can keep unsigned in your safe - deposit box to reread

as you would want to do them * once a year. The receipt for

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yourself, without fear of litigation.

Reason 4. If a court should liquidate your estate, it might sell property hurriedly or during a depression. By making a will you can give your executor time and enable him to use his judgment and consult other people. This privilege could save your estate thousands of dollars.

Reason 5. By making a will, you can arrange to leave money In trust so that your brother or sister or spouse may thus have the full Income during his or her Uftlme and then have it go to the children or to others. You may wish to distribute your property in unequal proportion, especially if one ben-eficiiiry is'disabled or handicapped. To do this, you must

the original you can also keep in your safe - deposit box; but sign no duplicates of your will or codicils.

EVEN IF YOU NOW HAVE ONLY VERY LITTLE MONEY, YOU SHOULD MAKE A WILLI

Quote

By endorsing the principle that discrimination Is contrary to federal, state and local policy. and by endorsing the cautious changes brought about by the Interim Committee, Durhams local governments have established beyond any doubt the current approach to the difficult race Issue here." Durham Herald.

sound. The entire General Fund revenues derived fnxn the sales tax is only slightly more than 25 percent of the total. That portion coming from the tax on food is (Mily seven percent of total General Fund revenue.

The other side of this argument that ad valorem taxes should be used exclusively for needed school construction is a dodge that begs the question. If schools can only be built from local and county prppei^ taxes, enough classrooms to aid-equately provide for the states growing school age population cannot be built. They cannot be built for the simple reason that almost universally property taxes are near th point of diminishing return as

far as sizeable Increases arc concerned. Most countries likewise are already in debt right up to the legal maximum.

The assumption In most of the anti - referendum talk has been that the issue is whether poor people will pay the bill through tax on their food or whether wealthy people will pay through property tax. If the argument were this simple it would be easy to conclude that those with ability to pay should bear the cost through property tax. It is not this simple a question. All manner of people own taxable property. Pushed too far high property taxes r * to growth the same as excessive Income tax cmi be. The federal government is right now trying to do somet h 1 n g about reducing income taxes as an incentive to econtnnic growth. This same result must be considered when state and local tax sources are considered. We are reminded in this argument of John Steinbecks statement in his recent book on current American life. Travels With Charley, It is obvious that within a very short time a whole new method of taxation will have to be devised, else the burden on real estate will be so great that no one will be able to afford it; far from being a source of profit, ownership will be a penalty.

All the anti - bond Issue discussion published to date misses the main point. It is not a question of who will pay the bill, but whether clajssrooms ought to be built or not. They can be built with state help. They will not be built in sufficient number without It. And -bringing in an emotional issue such as rich versus poor only clouds the question. It is as sound, liberal and humanitarian theory to support the sales tax as a Just tax cm ability to pay as any other tax source open to the stole. What North Carolina needs now is to get beyond this tax question and get down to a serious consideration of whether the schoolrooms that a Ixmd issue would built are really needed. It is our belief that they are.

nize undergraduate Instruction in the sciences. The money was spent for programs to improve the content of science courses: to support commissions seeking on a national scale to revitalize education in physics, chemistry and the earth scient;-es. Support also went to individual institutions experiment-hig with new methods of teaching science. Among S()uthem institutions receiving such support in 1963 are Alabama College; Birmingham-Southern; the Univefsity of Arkansas: Florida A & M University; Florida Presbyterian College; Georgia Tech; the University of Georgia; the University of Louisville: Louisiana Polyteclmic Institute; the University of Maryland; Mississippi State; the University of North Carolina: University of Tulsa; Clemson CoUege; University of Tennessee; Baylor University; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and W^ Virginia University.

Outstanding American scien-

BY JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1963. King Features Syndicate, Inc. wheeling. West Va. In the Nineteen Forties I used to write a good deal about the coal industry. When the union ^ tract time came up, the sh(^ at the Hotel Shoreham in Wash-ington was always a good we. Invariably the United Mins Workers boss, John L. Lewis, would stand before the c(^ erators and point to their nand^ Theres blood on those hands, he would intone dramatically.

There seemed to be absoluto ly no love lost between management and labor as I^wis lai^ ched into his lurid but highly effective personaUties. Jo^ph Moody, then the president of the Southern Coal Producere ^ sociation, was libelled by Lewis as a chumbead." Ex - Sen^ tor Burke of Nebraska, who had preceded Mr. Moody as the tou-thera operators representatiw, was always good for a Lewis lashing/for the simple rea^ that wbraska is hardly noted for its coal mines. Other eminent executives were called liars by the clock." Regardless of the question about blo(xl on the operators hands," thert was always blood on John L. Lewiss tongue.

Well, times change. For the past few days I have been flying around the coal country with a group under the tutelage of the National Coal Policy Conference. The NCPC, whose members Include men from coal management, men from the coal carrying railroads, representatives of the coal - burning public utilities, and highly placed United ,Mine Worker officials (John L. Lewis himself was chairman of the conference until his retirement, is an amaa-Ing organization in which lioa and lamb lie down together In amity. The change in atmosphere over what prevailed fifteen and twenty years ago is absolutely amazing to somebody who hadnt paid much attention to what was going on 1 coal circles In the fifties and sixties.

How has the change cam# about? It happened because coal as a fuel, was suddenly besel by what seemed to be a thousand enemies. The U. S. government built the Big Inch and Little Inch oil pipelines during World War n and oil conversions became a standard rule of the day in fuel consuming Industries. The o -burning^ diesel train caught^.xHi, not. only in the West but in** th# coal - rich East. The need for coking coal In steel diminished. The Atomic Energy Commission started subsidizing atomic power. And one fine'day John L. Lewis and his old enemies, the operators, decided they must make common cause if

tists provided lecture and consulting services to smaller lib-' either set of participants In an eral arts and junior colleges old grudge fight were to liv#

through the-NSF visiting scientists program. The Foundaticm also supports a program of in-terinstitutional coop e r a t i o n which makes available to small-ei; Institutions and their teach-raHiw intellectual and physical resources of major universities. This program suppoKts conferences, supplies lectures, and provides research laboratories for short-term use.

The Office of Education also offers vital support for curriculum Improvement in the region and nation.

In 1962 the Office spent $2 million plus on a program to develop language and area centers which provide Instruction in languages critical to the nations welfare. These centers also provide concentrated study of the areas In which the critical languages are spoken. Sup-

at all.

Lewis, as is well known, supported every move of the operators to mechanize their mines wherever it was possible to do so. All he asked for in exchange was-the highest union wage scale in the world. It seemed little enough to grant him in view of the savings that would be effected through th# spread of mechanical cutter# and loaders, and push button sorting and grading equipment. Lewis and Joe Moody, who had become president of the NCPC, became the best of friends, willing to forget the harsh words of the past.

With labor and management working in tandem, it might be thought that a monopoly system would be the natural and menacing result. But this has not happened. The threat of the

port is Umked to languages for^ other fuels residual oil, fis-*

which ther^ had not been, prior to the program, adequate facilities or centers for such instruction, and include Japanes, Chinese, Hindi-urdu, Russian, Arabic, Portuguese and Spanish. Universities and colleges which receive grants are required to match the federal funds on a 50-50 basis, but have actually been providing their own support on nearly a 2 to 1 basis. Area centers in the South are located at Vanderbilt University, the University of Texas, the University of Florida, Tulane University, Duke University, and Johns Hopkins University.

The Public Health Service made grants totaling $2 milllcxi In 1962 to 87 schools of public health, nursing and engineering to expand, create and strenth-en graduate programs related to problems of public health.

In fields of curriculum (leve-lopment, elementary and secon-(Continued on Page 5)

sioning uranium is always there to prevent the gouging of the consumer. ^And in addition to this, the producing end of the coal Industry had developed its own threat to these old - time coal carriers, the railroads. The cost of coal transportation has fallen dramatically.

The big threat to the railroads has been the coal slurry pipeline. The pioneer pipeline, built in Ohio, has recently been closed down. What happened is that the railroads decided to meet the competition by developing the integral" coal train, capable of hauling tremendous tonnages to big eleo* trical utilities with twenty -four hour turn . arounds at each end of the loading - unloading cycle.

The very hint that a coal slurry line might be built from West Virginia and western (Continued on Page S)

Hurricane Can Affect Business

Strength For Today

T

T

BY EARL L. DOUGLASS A DISEASED CONSCIENCE It is a serious thing for a selfish person to get the idea into his head that he ,1s conscientious. The most fearful crimes have sometimes been committed by conscientious men who believed they were fighting the Lords battle aginst his enemies A father who insists on taking the entire management of his childrens lives in his hands is really suffering from a domina-ation complex. Many people wear their lives away trying to reform the world, while all the time the! refforts are mostly an unconscious attempt to compensate for the fact that they hav# never reformed themselves.

In other words, if often happens that quite unc(xisclously certain severely righteous attitudes are, to use a psychological term, defense mechanisms behind which a person hides from himself and the world certain weaknesses and selfish impulses which should be forced out Into the open and corrected. It should be a matter of real concern to us not just ot b# sincere with the world, but what is more important, ot be idncere with ourselves.

A mui truly good and conscientious Is something worth be^ holding both in Gods sight and ours. But a conscieptious bigot or a'consclentlous tyrant God forbid.

By ELMER ROESSNER. Hurricane Flora churned up business as well as weather. It liad many effects on United States commodity and other markets.

In destroying sugar crops in Cuba and Haiti, it disturbed the supply and demand tot the world sugar market. It also guara-teed high demand for expanded beet sugar production in the U. S. All the new beet sugar refineries put on line In recent months will pay for themselves sooner than expected. ^

In destroying rice and other food cT(H)s, Flora relieved the pressure on the U. 8. stockpile of grain. More can be sold or given to nstions affected by the storm;

TRADE TO SWELL Any ilft or sale of medicines as well as food through tlM Red Ch*o88 will tend to lower . S. faiventories and, to an extent, increase sales of surpluses.

The dlpl(natic and pohtlcsl implicati(xis are, of course, even

greater and the gains In these areas, while first benefiting our( intematiMial relations, will eventually have Influences on business. Its even possl le that Cuba will be a customer again.

A compassionate softening of our relations with CJuba can also speed the campaign to broaden trade with the communist world.

There is such a campaign. Its not a unified drive, with stated headquarters and assorted' lobbyists, but it is there Just the same.

Companies now doing a bit (rf bustoiess with Russia and its .satellites, corporations chaffed (because their deals with Iron Curtain countries are restricted* by the government, and the many firms slavering In their hunger for trade with Mainland China are, each in its own way, working for more trade with the Red world.

BARS ON WEAK PINS

The bars may tumgle down. Note:

1. We and other Western na

tions are supplying Russia with wheat.

2. While our sales of machinery to Russias are highly restricted, other Western nations are freely selling the Soviets anV' thing short of machine-gun factories. '

3. Our balance-af-paymento situation is so critical that any new proposals to exchange American goods for gold will get support within the administtrar tion and In Congress. *

4. Red China is apparently eager, to buy American goods and many American interests could profit from such a sale.

American ]>usinessmen who have been fiery in their denun-ciati(Mi of those who wixild trade with the communists find them not quite so unspeakable after all.

PHONE-COSMETIC BOOTHS PROMOTERS NEW IDEA

I have a great Idea, the Old Ppromoter announced on hi# arrival today. Its a combination pay-station phone booth and dressing nxxn.

"Have you seen the buse# packed with.young girls going to woik, each in curlers with a

. handkerchief arund her head?

arranpd an Well, if we equip some phon#

acc(Hnodatl(m with Russias to booths with mirrors, combs and

Improve chances of world peace, an accomodation with China might further Improve chances.

Watch for more and more talk, in public speeches, on radio and television and in Washington, favoring more trade with the Red nations qi the world.

And aldo watch' |uid see some

powder aigi put coin locks oo the door, are can make a million. Just befpre popping into their offices, every girl can xhi up her looks."

Sounds good," I said. Furthermore, while shes there she can Phone to give some excuses for being late."

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