Tuesday, September 17, 1963

Thats Our Turnoff

Many Will Pay For Crime Of Few

No one can measure the tragedy of Birminjfham. citizenry of a large city, perhaps an entire state or The bomb which shattered the church on Sun- several states will have to suffer, day morning and took the lives of four Negro chil- The problems of race relations between Negro dren will long echo through the hearts of white and white citizens in the United States cannot be and Negro citizens alike in Birmingham and resolved by dynamite blasts, by guns, by flying rocks throughout the nation. or sailing pop bottles. They cannot be resolved by

Only the most deranged mind could have con- demonstrations, sit-ins, stand-ins, kneel-ins, push-ins cejved that such a plot would have served the cause or other vehicles which set the tap for eruption of preserving segregation. The blast snuffed out the of more violent acts from either side of the color lives of four children. Even more tragic, however, line. These only lead to new, senous crises that must it blasted the foundation of whatever understanding be alleviated before attention and efforts can be or confidence existed between the races of that city, turned again to the underlying problems.

The lives cannot be restored. They are gone. It will The problem of relationships between the races take all the effort Birmingham can muster to salvage of Birmingham can no more be solved in Washington from the wreckage of the Sunday blast the threads can be resolved in Birmingham. Sooner or later it of understanding which may be woven tediously and must come down to the face-to-face, person-to-laboriouslv again into the fabric of peaceful relations person working out of the problems in the individual between the citizens of two races which make up community with citizens of each race recognizing the city It will take even longer to strengthen the that problems which face each of them are problems fabric into a semblence of confidence or under- realistically and inevitably face both of them.

Which route do we take now from the Birmingham tragedy?

To be sure, the blast was the deed of only one, two, three, perhaps a handful of people. But because of the crime committed by a very few, the entire

Advocates Of Reduced

An Open City spending Dwindle

Deep Trouble

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

CX5NFU8ED The bustling furniture and textile center of High Point haa become a con* fused and frightened city.

High Point Is a proud, progressive and clvlc-mlnded city of 65,000 population In North Carollna'i Indurtrlal Piedmont.

It haa been called the dynamo of the Piedmont." and displays the red. white and blue shield f an "All American City."

It beara no resemblance to a aleepy farm town of the rural South. Instead, High Point enjoya a booming, healthy economy and outstanding leadership

It has a good record In promoting racial harmony and good will. But now. somehow, apparently through no fault of t h e clty'a, that record is being back-ened.

CHANGED High Ptdnt Is/ a cl^ with comparatively UtHr racial discrimination as near an "open" city so fas segre-' gati(Hi is concerned as there is in North Carolina, perhaps in the South.

It was one of the first cities to hava a working bi-raclal committee. A High Point native and and resident, former diplomat editor and state adjutant gen-' eral Capua Waynlck is the state's top racial mediator and troubleshooter.

High Point embarked on a policy tor handling racial problems In a manner that imv mised to become a model for harmony and peaceful solutions.

Suddenly, this progress went Into reverse and deep trouble has come to High Ptrfnt. No one eems to know exactly why.

STRAINED The city now has become one with strained racial relations and a tense racial situation.

Last week, High Point was a virtual racial powderkeg. The situation was ugly and on the verge of violence. It was the principal racial trouble spot In the state.

Nightly marches by hundreds ef Negro dem<mstrators contlnu-' ed in the face o( mounting ten-alon. Reinforced polk had to rush in on repeated occasions to break up clashes between whites find Negroes

Rocks, eggs and tmnatoes thrown. Crowds of Jeering whites grew larger. Police arrested troublemakers and many were jailed Id the Interest of safety and preserving order. Tear gas had to be used to separate the crowds.

DEMONSTRATIONS - The goal of Negro dnnonstrators led by the Rev. B. Elton Cox, field represmtatlve of the Cmgress of Racial Equality (CORE) apparently is c(nple(e. total integration in High Point.

Cox is a resident of High Point and believes that h I s home city can achieve s total Integration breakthrough by use

of the CORE sponsored demon-stratlon-pickeUng methods.

The targets of the demonstrations have been s movie theater, s drlve-ln restaurant and we or two other establlsments which remain segregated. These

Back many months ago when President Kennedy first proposed his income tax reduction program to the current Congress, there immediately was a chorus of advocates that any reductions in tax revenues be matched by a reduction in federal expenditures.

As the months have dragged on, the chorus has lost many voices among the more conservative Democrats and within the Republican delegation of Congress. The reduce expenditures line has now

are located in an area of several block! along the city's prin- p^rt changed to a hold-cxpenditures-

r-here.they.are" line. ^ By ALVIN TAYLOR

The establishments are resist- The Congressmen themselves, it seems, are not

ing the pressures of demonstra willing to cut federal experditures even if they are TTT

and other to reduce income tax revenues on a tempo- J ^

d^^Soleer. usa rary basis. Perhaps the months since last January ^

notified city authorities in ad- have brought the realization that an election year is

vanee of the marches, enabling j ^ around the corner. Telling the folks back home I dont toow to tl^ age of

officials to Drovlde police pro- < . j x- -n .1 i...*- science and math whether we

tection along the known route of fbey voted for a tax reduction will sound a lot better ^ getting through to the young

the marchers. than telling them they voted against it. And point- folks or not.

At the start, the marches were in2 to a few sops sent back home out of the federal There was tl^ conver^tion,

mostly orderly, Tifll An mnrtM annA than trvinir to exolain

Soviet ^ Abuses"

In 01.

Here And There

and

'S In f,ue..c, pork barrel will do o

id In size and numbers, and that non-essential spending had to be reduced 11 ay night.

the demonstrators sang, chanted and clapped their hands.

Girl: "How many quarters in

cmwd. ta to. downtown d,.- To'npeaa waiih much longer to get around

trlct at night became larger to passing lis appropriations and tax measures for quarters In a whole?"

and mw troublesome. next year, we are likely to find the red ink even -

Jeering and shouting led to deeper than earlier predicted when the next fiscal pushing and shoving, and later ends

Authorities alas, preparing for Saturdays big dedication game with Wake Forest are having the fence at each end of the big stadium wrapped in canvas, so the choice spot outside the fence will be blacked out for the kibitzers.

There'll be a few spots along the side lines where kids can peep and get a gllrnpse of the big game, however.

to blows and rock-throwing.

WORSE ~ The sltuaon grew worse steadily. At t h e height of the tension last week. It appeared that Unes of cwn-munlcatioo between Negro leaders and the respcmsible city officials and the bl-raclal group has become non-existent.

The city council convened In emergency sessiwis, but officials said privately they feared the situation might get out of hand at any time. They said, in effect, that they were almost powerless to stop It.

Negotiations between the bl-raclal committee, the city council and the Negro demonstra-ti(Mi leaders apparently had collapsed.

TRUCE T- By the weekend, an uneasy truce prevailed In High Point. The city council was considering two ordinances to place stringent controls and limitations on picketing and marches.

The.sc would require permits for parades, with applications to be submitted 72 hours in ad vanee, advlslng of the line of march, time Involved, number of marchers and Identification of sponsors.

Cox and his group rejected the proposed ordinances and said they would be unacceptable, Mayor Floyd Mehan told the Council, however, that the situation had "hit an Impasse" and that the attitude of the community had changed.

Mehan deplored the deteriorating sltuatlMi and absence of whar he called the common sense" factor In the ma.ss protest. He said the city had hesitated about enacting restrictions and strong control measures and hoped Instead for a "cooling off" period dtirlng w'hlch negotiations might be I'e.sumed.

But then we must be getting through, for the girl promptly shot back an answer: "Four!"

United Only In

We newspapermen go to great effort to ignore the output of public relations folks, but some-timed they are bound to attract our attentiwi.

There is the press kit the Gold BMid Stamp Company sent

Inside Is a copy of the Gold Bond catalogue, the usual packet of press releases. There is one other folder, however. I opened mine to find a napkin Imprinted with "celebrate our 25th anniversary birthday party with us," a yellow crepe paper party hat. a plastic fork and finally, a box of Gold Btmd 25th annlversay birthday cake frosting mix.

And so I bow to some unknown PR man. You scored with me.

Opposing JFK

Everybody knows that the kids in the cartoons always see the ball games by peeping through the knot holes In the out in celebration of the CMn-board fences. panys 25th anniversary.

But the fence around Ficklen The thing came all packed In

Ooimons

The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - Arizonas Sen. Barry Goldwater tried to lay down ground rules for himself and New Yorks Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller In their longhig for the Republican presidential nomination: No tooth marks. ^ ^

"The Democratic strategy, Goldwater said, after Rockefeller seemed to pick on hlip._"ls to have Retwbllcans eat Republicans and Ill be damned if IU follow It."

Whether Its Democratic strategy or not. President Kennedy seems Inclined at this point to grim at the two rivals as if hoping theyll do exacUy what Goldwater says he hopes they wont.

Their maneuvers, as they get closer to the Republican convention next summer, may be enough to spUt the Republican party without any help from Kennedy. In fact. U he went after either man It might help the GOP chances rather than hurt them.

Beside.s, a.s a president sure of the Democratic nomtnatlon in 1964. Kennedy Is still champ while Rockefeller and Goldwater are not even challengers now .since at this moment neither can be sure of his partys nomination.

But Goldwater and Rockefeller. while skipping around each other rather gingerly, have been smapping at Kennedy who so far has been content to ti-eat them with a kind of fast bnish.

His forebearance may not last indefinitely. Indeed, he indicated last week that the will go after one or both of them but choose his own time for the assault.

At his news conference last Thursday he was reminded about a Goldwater remark on Kennedys handling of Cuba. Asked if hes comment further "on this type of attack by Sen. Goldwater," Kennedy said; "No. o. not yet. not yet

The president, asked about Rockefellers criticism of Kennedys handling of the economy, made a dead-oan joke of It.

The relationship between Rockefeller and Goldwater, now in only the very earlie.st stage of rivalr>, should get Increasingly

unpleasant, if they follow the political pattern. Even now it can hardly be called Jolly.

Last July Rockefeller expressed COTcem about "the radical right." It was after this that Goldwater expressed his distaste for cannibalism among Republicans.

"I dwit spend my time worrying about conservative and too cojservatlve, he said. "I worry about the radical left In government. We Republicans ought not to be harassing each other. We have a common political enemy, the Democrats."

This may have given Rockefeller some seccMid thoughts. He said later this statement had not been aimed at Goldwater. Sunday, after a momentary hesitation on a television show, he said hes rather see Goldwater than Kennedy In the White House.

Goldwater was asked last August If hed support Rockefeller if the governor got the nomination. At first Goldwater did not answer this question directly.

He said this; "I have a habit of supporting Republican presidential nominees unless they are personally obnoxious to me."

Asked then if he found Rockefeller perswially obnoxious, Goldwater said no. But he said he thought the New Yorker would do the country a favor if he explained what he means by extremists or the radical right.

Finally, Goldwater said he would support Rockefeller if the governor got the nomlnaticHi. He said this country can't stand another four years of Kennedy.

Goldwater and Rockefeller seem to have achieved complete harmony only in wanting Kennedy out, which Is not an unusual trait among Republicans but is hardly sufficient foundation for a quiet and Impersonal contest for the Republican nomination.

Memorial Stadium was of the wire industrial type. So it wouldnt be hard for the youngster without price of admission to simply stand there and watch the games underway.

a big box which cost 55 cents to mail. The Interior of the box slides out like a drawer. As it comes out up pops four paper candles, controlled by rubber bands.

"n Brief

Other Editors Saying Surplus Food Waste

"Any business that his Installed seat belt in its company cars can testify that they are more sat-upon than used. This makes about as much sense as Russian roulette," Tulsa (Okla!) Tribune.

Quote

(The Wilson Times)

Two recent examples illustrate the incredible Waste in big government. With all the added employes in the U. S. Department of Agriculture, 24 million bushels of grain got lost and $70 million worth of salad oil Is going rancid in storage warehouses around the world.

The grain saga goes like this, The golden grain was harvested, bought from the farmers under the support program and shipped off to the grain elevators, millions of bushels of it. Forty million bushels of this grain started on its journey consigned to Austria, as part of the governments barter deal. The grain was shipped over a four year program.

Supposedly all went well, but evidently not one of the thou-santte of employes, stopped to check. Around Christmas a clever attache In the U.S . Embassy In Vienna was going through some reports of grain s h i p-ments consigned to Austria from this country. He was startled by the amount, as, 40 million bushels figured out to six bushels for every man, woman and child and new bom infant In Austria. He asked about It, looked far enough to find that 24 million of the 40 million bushels neve reached port.

What did the Department of Agriculture do? Well it just told no one, or as we say 1 newspaper language, sat on the story for six months. But there is al-w'ays someone Who will tell. In fact it is these leaks that help keep the public Informed in thi.s day of controlled news. Where Is the wheat? No one has both

ered to find it or come up with the answer.

The sequel to this story is the oil saga. The difference is that the 66 shiploads of grain valued at $32 million is peanuts beside the $70 million the government is losing in the oil fiasco. And we are talking about salad oil.

According to Senator John Williams of Delaware, two years ago the Department of Agriculture decided to buy for about $90.4 million, 500 million pounds of refined salad oil and shortening, primarily soybean oil, to support the price. TWs also needs explaining for from what we read soybeans did not need support as the maricet price at the time was 50 cents above the support price.

There also seems little research Is done as to the needs of the country for the product. Korea was sent the oil where the Inventory showed enough salad oil for two years. India had enough for four years.

If the 0 had been needed It would not have lasted for the bulk of the oil was shipped in faulty containers. Some of the countries receiving the salad oil have refused to accept It. as It Is not fit for human consumption.

So the $70 million worth of oil Is so much rancid oil going to waste in warehouses around the world. We do not know whose job it is to check government disposal of surplus commodities but an investigation is in order. There are too many starving people w'ho need food, products. Then there Is the American taxpayer who pays the bill.

"In this modem age all a woman has to do to run her house is to jast keep plugging." Greenville Piedmont.

"If you buy a suit with two pairs of pants, and bum a hole in the coat, thats life." Emporia (Kansas) Gazette.

"Its rough traveling behind a man who leaves no stone unturned. EUaviUe (Ga). Sun.

"The chemistry of the average Democrat is such that its difficult for him to keep his old bowie knife in his pocket too long.Vice President Lyndon Johnson.

"Pure research is when you dont know what youre doing, said a United States secretary of defense less than a decade ago. Space flight exists only in the mind of a crazy professor, said a J?igh united States air force general in 1956. How long ago it seems nowDes Moines Tribune.

by JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

When and 11 the United NB- Uona choose to make Ms d^ bate on the subject o coloniair Ism at least reasonably objc<^

Ive and comprehensive. It would do well to forget Africa for the piomeot and get around to the ubjcct 0 Soviet Economic exploitation ol < the captive nations. In particular, the UN mlgfat look falto the methods Moscow has used to ctxnpel Poland and other East European countries to foot the blU lor a Soviet 0 offensive d^ signed to demoralize tiie oil industry o the United States. Western Eun)e and the nations of the Middle East.

The Kremlins trick is to juggle the terms o trade so that Polish and Hungarian peasants are sweated to finance an interoational bookkeeping subsidy that enables the Soviet eructe and diesel oil eiQXxters to undersell western ofl all over the place, from Italy to the Caribbean. For anyone who cares to read the detaU, they have been ferreted cmt by Alexander Kutt, an Estcxiian who te chairman ol the EccxuhhIc Committee of the Assembly of Captive European Nations, from the most recent Yearbook of the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs. By their own statistical admission, the Communists of Moscow have been treating their colonial regions as capitalist imperialist never dared to treat the "natives" even in the palmist days of Cecil Rhode# and Rudyard Kipling.

During 1960 and 1961, according to Mr. Kutts summary ol Soviet figures, Russian oil exports to the free world increased by more than eight million tons. (The Soviets alsp took over the business or maj^ be it should be called the burden of supplying Pldel Castro with four mlUion tcxis a year, which need not figure in this discussion.) In 1961, total Soviet crude oil exports to the natlcMis of the free world were 13.4 mllllc terns, a tenfold Increase over the figure for 1956, the year in which the oil offensive began.

The Soviet oil sales to the free nations were legitimate market transactions at the beginning. But In 1959 the average . 0. b. prices on Soviet crude for western Eunxie were dropped two per cent under the prices for oil from Iraq. And In 1960, the Soviets were selling their oil at fifteen per cent below the Iraq figure.

To underpri( their oil In western markets, the Soviets took a bad loss on the exports. But the figures from the US'H Ministry of Foreign Affair Yearbook reveal the callous methods the Russians use to negate the losses when they come to balance their international books.

When Soviet crude oil was underselling Iraq oil in Western Europe by fifteen per cent, the overall average Soviet sales price exceeded the Iraq price by twelve per cent. In 1960 the Poles were paying $2.3.93 a ton for Soviet crude, which exceed the price for Iraq crude by 74 per cent.

This arbitrary manipulation of the price means that the Polish people were paying through the nose for tractor and automobile gasoline In order to enable their Moscow Masters to carry a demoralizing form of economic warfare to the West, Moreover, the overpricing of all types of Soviet COTnmodity exports to the captive nations yielded an Illegitimate profit of more than $6 billiwi to Moscow during the the seven - year period extending from 1955 to 1962.

This is economic imperialism with a vengeance. Soviet Yearbook figures for Russian exports to Poland, Hungary and other captive nati(Mis in 1962 and 1963 were not available to Mr. Kutt when he was making his analysis, but the price - cutting in Soviet oU in the free markets of the West has been a continuing thing.

The UN Afro - Asian bloc In particular has been free with its denunciations of Portuguese "colonialism" in Angola and Mozambique. The denunciations are supported by the Soviets. And, from a Havana that pays for overpriced Soviet oil with underpriced (^ban sugar, noises are heard periodically about wicked Yanqui imperialism* In South America. The representatives of the free nations at the UN take all this hypocrisy meekly. Nobody, It seems, will defend the "hnagc" of the West. .

How long, 0 Lord, how long?

"Age and habit may have something to do with overweight. as a story says, but its still mainly food that makes fat."Raleigh (NU.) News and Observer.

Hussians Face Same Problems

Strength For To(day

BY EAR I. L. DOUGLASS .AI.WAYS BEFORE US

We are told in Exodus 13:'20-22 that as the Israelites left Eg.vpt, "the Lord went before them by day in a pillar of

cloud, to lead them the ^y.

and by night In a pillar of Tire, to give them Hght: to go-by day and took not-way

the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people

This horde of helples.s fugitives would have indeed been lost had they not received divine guidance. They were starting out to take possession of a

land God had given to tlieir

forcbcareivs. Wherf was thi.^ land? The pillar of cloud by dav was the promise of eventual po'sse.sftion. but It was also a warning that they not try to

press forward until it was feasible for them to do so. The night on the desert can be dark and fearful, but the pillar of fire by night reminded these people that God was their guide and support.

We all have In our lives the pillar of cloud and the pillar of fire. Today It is not in the form of actual cloud and actual burning. It is in the forra 6f divine guidance. As we go forward we can be sure that God is leading us. Every day the guidance will be there. In the darkest night of doubt, sorrow, discouragement, the pillar of fitr. Today it is not In the form of actual cloud and actual burning pose of God. Every day, the pillar of cloud is before us. .showing us the way God way.

By ELMER ROESSNKR One interesting aspect of being a world leader Is that you have many of the same problems regai^less of which side of the fence you're on.

We have our troubles with Viet Nam and Korea, and the Russians have their troubles with China and Albania. De Gaulle Is swnetimes as intractable toward the U. S. a.s Tito is toward the U.S.S.R. And both sides have had their share of missile fizzles.

And. while we watch our gold reserves flow' abroad, the Russians must periodically ship a number of tons of the precious metal outside their boitlers.

Many observers have pointed out that the flight of America's gold would reverse in-kantly if we reduced our aid to poorer countries and if we cut down on our military commitments oversea.s. Our ex-port.s and impnrt.s aic in fairly good balance, exeept f 0 r tho.se two expen.se.s. The U. S. balance of pay'ments deficit will

be approximately $3 billion this year. Expenditures for American troops abroad amount to about $3.2 billion annually. RUSSIAN GOLD DRAIN

The Russians are in the same squeeze. They, too, sell gold to make up for their balance of payments deficit. In the last five years they have sold a little more than $1 billion in gold. During the same period, the U. S. shipped about five times as much abroad. ^

While Russians ship less, it must hurt them more. Most of the gold America and Russia are pouring out of their coffers Is going* to our friends, not theirs. In the past five years, the Common Market countries have Increased their gold supplies by about three - .quarters; Switzerlands gold ^ocks are up about one-third: and Austrias about one-and-one half.

In other word.s. a lot of fairly prosperous W'estern-c amp countries are getting a lot more prosperous.

The problem for the . S. haa defied solution so far. Some drastic answers have been proposed, such as devaluing the dollar, unpegging the price of gold, Increasing U. S. tariffs to cut down imports and so forth. But under present conditions, these cures would be far worse than the disease.

The price of gold had risen just to the point whert It could cause another drain on the U. S. supply. But the large Russian sale sent the price down and took the pressure off at least temporarily.

QUARREL WITH CHINA Russias preoccupation

with

China may ease the pressure on us somewhat. Indications of some thaw in the cold war may let us cut back our commitments abroad a bit, but probably not much,

In the meantime, we and the Ru.ssians will have to go on spending a little gold here and there and tinker with our fiscal policies while we strive for the basic solution of Increased exports.

The Russians did us a .small, unintentional favor recently. They sold fifteen ton.s of gold, in the open market when they could get the best price for It.

AWARD WINNER MAY HAVE .DONE TOO GOOD A JOB

The . S. Department of Agriculture Is well aware of the need for increaslngr .S. exports and it offers, as an Incentive, an E" (for Export) Award to cornices that heli> achieve expiuided exports. Just recently the USDA nuute such an awrard to Weinberg Broa. i Co. of Chicago.

The irony of It is that the company received Its award for its contributlar "by Intensive cultivation oi foreign clientele through systematic personal visits, acUve trade association contacts, weekly price releases and prompt servldn* of customers and agents" to the export of poultry producto!LX.