^^^nesduy, July IT 196f

Two Of A Kind

encQ Favors Special Session

It wouM be unrealistic for North Carolinas government leaders, its legislators and its citizens to think that the issue of Senate redistricting can be easily resolved in a special legislative session.

It would be even more unrealistic, however, to take for granted that the issue has no chance of being resolved in a special session, and therefore the special session should not be called.

Although there are few individual voices now being raised in opposition to the special session saying it will be fruitlessthere are overwhelming indications that the special session will produce positive and concrete results on this controversial subject.

First of all there is the resolution passed in the closing days of the regular session in which a majority of the members of the General Assembly requested the governor to call a special session of the legislature this fall. Obviously a majority of

Compromise In ohnson Choice

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

POWER A House member Is chairman of the new toteilm State Legislative Council. And the Council will keep hands off the burning issue of Senate re-districting.

There were elements of thinly - disguised compromise which finally resolved a House-Senage power struggle that developed at the first meeting of the power-packed Uttlc General Assembly."

A factor that Influenced the compromise was realization on the part of most Senate members that they could not win. Consequently they did not want redistricting brought up.

Thus the six senators gave in and agreed to the electlOT of quiet, capable chain-smoking Rep. Hugh M. Johnson of Duplin County as first permanent chairman.

SPLIT In turn, Johnson Immediately proposed a "gentlemans agreement" that the CoimcU do nothing about redls-ttloUnii i^d leave it to a forth-ceming special session of the ieglslature.

"We'U just leave It alone." Johnson said.

Then, to make sure the Council steers a wide course around riKlistricUng and does not violate the "gentlemans agreement" members voted not to meet again until OctoberaJtewt the special seession.

Most members recognized that any Council effort to delve Into redistricting very likely would be futile.

They felt it would tend to widen the split between House and Senate. Sharp House-Scnate differences on redistricting, carried over from the recent regular session, are reflecte(l clearly In the Councils membership.

STALEMATE ReflecUon of the deadlock on redistricting became apparent the first time the Council members sat down around a table.

The Senate members were cautious, even apprehensive. They anived 15 minutes late for the 10 a. m. meeting, hiving held a last minute caucus. The six House members were waiting.

A majority of the senators named to the Council by Senate president T. Clarence Stone had wanted Sen. Clwro Yow of New Hanover as chairman. One of the aoiators. however, Sen. Irwin Belk of Mecklenburg, does not see eye to eye with the other five on redistricting. Nor wss Belk willing to support Yow and would have voted for the House nominee, Johnson. Yow himself countered this by n<ninaUng Belk. and a aix-six toe vote resulted along straight House-Senate lines.

This stalemste could not be resolved for an hour during which it was agreed that if Johnson were elected the subject of Sensde redistricting would be sidestepped.

REDISTRICT - MajoiUics of the House and Senate the

General Assembly are at loggerheads on a number of aub-jects but redistricting is the most glaring one.

And despite the Council's decision not to touch it, redistrict-ing left its stamp on the first meeting of the group.

It caused differences between House and Senate to be magnified. It spelled trouble ahead both for a governors study c<nnmlttee on redistricting and for the special session.

SCOPE The scope of the Leglsative Council's work is still somewhat indefinite.

Johnson, upon taking the chairmanship, pointed out thai the Council may make recommendations on matters contained in 10 resolutions and. he added significantly, "other areas as the Council may see fit."

He said he feels the Council was established "primarily to study efficiency and economy In state government." It is directed to give priority to matters requested by legislative re-solutiM in either House, but it also assumes the functions and reapiHisibllities of the now defunct commission on Reorganization of State Government.

It limited Iteself at the initial meeting in only one respect agreement not to study Senate redistricting.

Several members felt strongly that If the Council degenerated into a btUer, utUe struggle oear redistricting It would destroy its ultimate usefulness in other areas.

ACTION The mood of the Council was to move slowly. It sidestepped for the present a question of whether its meeting shall be open, It delayed the matter of employing an executive secretary and staff.

Yow and Rep. Sneed High appointed to prepare rules and procedure for the Council, and a single committee was named to look into new legislation affecting compulsory a u to Uabi-lUy insurance forms.

It acted to terminate lease of legislative printing equipment and to use equipment sold to the State Highway CtHnmlsslon after the 1961 General Assembly, an action which Stone said would save $2,500 a year.

It also clarified that' Council costs are to be borne by biennial leglalatlve appropriations and then, if the.se become Im-proverlahed, from the states Contingency and Emergency Fund. Sen. Thomas White Jr. observed that if!' the Council does "anything like what this bill (creating the Council) envisions doing it's going to run into more money than the lei-islattve appropriations can stand," If these appropriations are impoverished, White said, a resolution he Introduced will allow the Council to turn to the C It E fund.

We would hope." Johnson said, "that this Council can operate within reasonable limits. We dont want to spend any of the taxpayer's funds unwisely."

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both houses of the legislature would not have joined in the call a special session unless they had reason to beiive it would be productive.

In addition, there is, we believe, increasing concern among the rank and file citizens of the state because the redistricting issue has not been resolved. Members of the legislature now at home after the long regular session, probably are being made more aware daily of the desire of the vast majority of the states citizens for this issue to be resolved . . and resolved this year.

It is also evident that individual members of the legislature are using this time between the regular and special sessions to take another careful look at possibilities for resolving the deadlock that existed throughout the entire 1963 regular session. This should produce additional approaches to the issue, new forms of compromise, between now and the special session. It is extremely likely thit an acceptable compromise will be found to remove the House-Senate stalemate.

Gov. Sanford should not hesitate to call the. special session requested by the legislature and so de.sperately needed to resolve this major problem in North Carolina.

One way or the other, the issue will be resolved between now and mid-1964. It is a question of whether it will be resolved by the elected representatives who sit in the legislature, or by the courts.

The former method is much to be preferred for North Carolina and all its citizens.

Potential Wealth In Our Water Resources

The vast complex of waterways and the bountiful store of underground water comprise one of the greatest undeveloped resources in Eastern North Carolina.

For agriculture, for industry, for recreation, and even for the everyday necessities of a vastly increased number of people, Eastern Carolinas. water resources offer a potential for development that is found in few places in the United States.

In many areas of the nation water shortages are becoming a severe problem . . . not just for industrial and agricultural purposes, but for meeting domestic demands of the people of the areas. Several western states are involved now in strategic battles over water rights, each seeking to assure a sufficient supply for the future. In many northern states which a high degree of industrialization has been realized, water resources have been overtaxed and in many cases fuined.

North Carolina, belatedly but wisely, has begun a program to conserve its water resources and prevent insofar as possible the pollution of its rivers and streams. Particularly in the East, where the waterways are most ample and least utilized, the potential for conservation and development far exceeds other parts of the state.

While attention is being given at .state and local levels to preserving Eastern North Carolinas water resources, more attention should also be given to developing these water resources. If the resources are ever properly developed and even approach their potential, the area could enjoy a level of diversified economic prosperity that is hardly dreamed of today.

West Confusec,

About Future

By HENRY HOWARD

niaue Describes Them

Unique Is probably a solid word for North Carolinas delegation of rising high school seniors who go this month to "Boys Nation" and "Girls Nation the American Legions program |br training teenagers in governmental affairs.

But If you use that word for the Tar Heel quartet perhaps unique in that all four teenagers hall from the cast then you've run out of description for Greenvilles contribution to the teenage gatherings in the Nation's Capital.

Of the four delegates who represent the entire state, two are GreenvUlians. One goes to Boys Nation this week. The other leaves in a c o u P1 e of weeks as a Tar Heel delegate to Girls Nation.

Tommy Taft, 17-year-old son of Ml*, and Mrs. E. H. Taft Jr., goes to Washington tomorrow night to participate in Boys Nation activities.

Tommy, who was elected lie

utenant governor at Boys State in Chapel Hill last month, is paired with another easterner, Roy Rowe Jr. of Burgaw, to represent North Carolina.

When Girls Nation opens July 28, Nancy Tribley, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Marion (Hank) Tribley, will be among the delegates from the 50 states. She will team with Beth Taylor of Wilmington.

Nancy and Beth were elected fiom a group of 381 Tar Heel girls representing various communities at Girls State on the Womans CotUege cajnpus in Greensboro.

Taken at no more than face value, the share of this states delegation furnished by Greenville speaks well indeed for youth development in Greenville. The fact that all four teenage delegates come from the east demonstrates again that everything is no awkward or backward in the Coastal Plain.

And to think that next years senior class at Rose High School suppled half the states representation to a highly-regarded national program brings to mind another quality indicator for the local high school. Certainly the people of Greenville are right when they give attention to problems among the younger set: but they must t)ear in mind, too, that theres a shiny side of the coin.

Other E(ditors Saying... The Dormant Giant

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - The deepening break between the Russians and Red Chinese has left the West as confused about the future ss R vrts when Nikita Khrushchev suddenly repudiated Stalin in 1956,

Even Secretary of State John Foster Dulles admitted at the time:

"It is too early to Judge its full meaning."

The American Communist party said in an editorial in the Dally Worker:

"The shattciing revelations made by Khrushchev show what a gigantic transformation is taking place in the Soviet Union."

What was shattered was the myth of the Russian leaderships InfslllbllUy. Around the ^ world Communist parties suffered convulsions. Scwne were Iwretlcal enough to criticize the .Kremlin.

Ru.la had to crush Hungarys antl-Red revolt. The Soviet hold on the satellites was weakened, if only a little. But ^ts hold on the Red Chinese was weakened enoi*mously for a reason which may have been overlooked then but Isnt now.

While Khrushchev attacked the memory of Stalin at the 20th Party Congress on Feb. 24, 1956. 10 days before that he made suggestions which today are presented as the main cause- of the Russian-Chinese split.

He said international problems should be solved by negotiation. that was l.snt nec-eesary for ccgnmunism to triumph. and that the West and East should sign a nuclear teat ban agreement and even a non agression pact.

The Chinese disagree on all counts. And these are the main points they throw at Khru.sh-chev no In their accusation that he Is undermlninf world com-munism.

But today in Moacow, Ameri-eam. Brttons and Ruaaiana are diaeuajdnf a teat ban. The Am-^erleana and Brltoos ara waiting to haar what Khruibchev aaya on a nonaggreaalon pact, and thM-e have been a number of Inteniatlonal uegoUa-lluiiS.

Unce gfaio around the world Communist parties, watcliing world communljsm split into two huge camps, siC having some Ctitivutoloua.

It seems plain that the Communist parties in the West will go along with Russia; the Asian parties will stick with Red China. Out of this division competition to win over the backward non-Communist countries everywhere is Inevitable.

Out of the competition will come conflict of one kind or another between the two worlds of communism. This will take up much of the energy, attention and resources of the two camps. To this extent the West will benefit.

The split may even drive Russia into closer association and cooperation with the West.

But the blessing Is not unmixed.

The Russians are accusing the Chinese of promcXlng anti-white racialism. From this it can be assumed, If true, that the Chlnev5e will appeal to all the non-white peoples to divide the world into big camps; white and non-white.

Thats horrible enough, but the West must be prepared for another specter.

For a while the Chinese may stay behind their frontiers, leaving the rest of Asia pretty much alone because they are not militarily strong enough to challenge the West or risk a war.

That wont last. Theyll develop nuclear weapons, perhaps within two years. It may take them some time Imiger to complete good delivery systems.

Therefore, since the Chinese assert war is necessary for Communist victory, the Western world, particularly tow United States, mqst get adjusted to the reality that sooner or later the Red Chinese wUl move to take over all of Asia.

Then the West will have to decide whether it wished to risk war to stop the Chlnese.^Rlght now the United States will not permit communism, outside of Cuba, to set up shop among its next-door nelghbora in Latin America.

For thla reason the United Statee can harldy feel indignant If the Chinese, as soon as they are able, try to drive all remaining Western Influence out of Asia. The struggle town will be uvet' principle but over paw-er. if the West vants to fight fur Asia.

Such a struggle seemed inevitable anyway, whether or not (CouUuueii ou pag 5)

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

While the Soviet Union and the United States can today claim ascendancy in a world paced by technology, we should not allow this superiority to make us forget about a slumbering giant in the Orient, Red China. It is true that Soviet Russia is run by a dictatorship, the ideology of which is based on Marxison, fountainhead of modem Communism.

As such the Soviet Union must be considered an enemy of democracy and capitalism. But while this is a fact, it must be remembered that Soviet Union is run by men who gained their position because they are intelligent men. These men recognize the hard facts of the nuclear age which, in effect, dictate a plan of co-existence, whether such a plan is desired by the Soviet Communists or not. It is a matter of llfe-and-death expediency; Nikita Khrushchev recognizes this fact.

Unfortunately, Red China does not. Today Red China concedes it Is much as two decades behind the worlds leaders in

science, industry and defense. Because of this lag, we (and, indeed, the Russians, too) do not ^eel an overpowering foreboding. The Chinese do not have the nuclear bomb yet.

And that, in stark, simple terms, is the differencethe shield that keeps the world still stable.

What will happen when Red China obtains parity with the Soviet Union and the U. S.? Today Russia is the senior

partner in the Communist bloc but only perhaps because of

a technology that is superior in every way to that of China. The latters ideology varies sharply with Moscows in that It does not hesitate to plunge into violent conflict to gain its ends.

If the deep schism now separating Moscow and Peking still exists 20 years hence, when China has equality in nuclear weapons, what will happen in the dispute between those two countries? And what threat will then face the U, S.? China is being urged by its leaders to embark on a crash program to modernize the nation, described by these leaders as still economically poor and technically backward.

Though China may as some experts have forecasU-be capable of exploding a nuclear device soon, it is still far from equipping Its 2.5 million-man army with a nuclear punch. With such a crash program as that being urged, the Chinese could conceivably cut the 20-year goal by several years. This would mean that Western security would be jeopardized that much sooner, and that Russia would face its showdown with Peking ahead of schedule.

Russia already knows what many Westerners do not, and that is the dread potential of the dormant giant in the East. With its vast area, mightly population, fanatical drive. Red China represents a force such as ha^ never been unleashed before. Technology may provide the key that will this Pandoras Box, Two decades at most wUl see that box opened.

Clerk Court Dave House Jr. reports a rash of inquiries a-bout a stack of 1 (JO-year-old currency recently uncovered in his office and described last Saturday in a Daily Reflector feature story.

Fragments of evidence about the owner of the money were scant enough to leave doubts in the clerks mind whether a legitima'te claim could be filed for ownership of the $1,060 in state. Confederate and private bank bills.

But by Tuesday afternoon House had no doubt about interest in the relics dating into the- Civil War period.

At least three persons had visited the clerks office to report that the bundle had belonged to their forefathers.

Five or moie telephone inquiries came to Houses office. Another who claimed a family connection phoned the newspaper office.

On top of that, there was non-family interest. House says several persons have inquired privatey if they could somehow arrange to purchase a few of the old bills.

The future of the package of yellowed money and scribbled notes still is uncertain. House has entertained an idea that might deliver the goods to the local city library. That is not definite.

He says he doubts that any person could establish a direct family line solid enough to support a claim to the money.

And even so, he points out, the proper procedure would have to be followed. An administrator for the estate of William M. Nelson identified by notes in the package as owner of the money, would have to be appointed. Then all relatives and decendants would have to be searched out for equal shares.

Heres a sample of corny humor you might hear around a newspaper office:

Somebody wondered out loud Monday afternoon why The Daily Reflector didnt Include on its front page a picture of the new Miss North Caroina, the 6-foot-2 winner from Graham,

A nut replied:

"We tried that. But she was so tall her head stuck out the top of the page."

Watch' ' Side

ffects

BY JOHN CHAMBERLAIN C(HPyrigbt. 1963, King Features SymHcate, Inc.

If, as has been reported, the six members o the Eurepean Economic Community are ready to extend all their own preferential trade agreements to the former Belgian. French and Italian colonies o Africa, it will create the biggest free market in history. This is something to be welcomed by any believer in freedom. But the side effects, from the standpoint of a United States which is struggling to support the tropical economies of Latin America, some of which are competitive with Africa, may not be all to the good.

The whole business is Ironical, to say the least. The United States has never beep "imperialistic" in relation to the African countries. Indeed, it has sometimes erred on the side of an offensively superior self-righteousness toward imperialists, notably when it was lecturing the French on how to deal with Algeria. Our nobUity is about to receive an expost facto slap, for, when a comprehensive trade pact is signed by the European Economic Community countries and the new African nations, it will signify an admission that the colonial past in the erstwhile Dark Continent had its good points. The growth in economic cooperation between Western Europe and the African tropics and sub-tropics will continue from bases that were established long ago, a tacit avowal that something of benefit to both sides was started in the "imperiaUstlc" and "colonial" nineteenth century.

Since trade between the United States and such former African dependencies of West Europe as Senegal, Upper Volta and the French and Belgian Congos has never bulked vei*y large, American exporters and Importers will not be directly affected by a preferential EEC-Afrlcan economic agreement. The U.S. has, traditionally, taken its coffee from Central America and from Brazil, its bananas from United Fruit plantations around the Caribbean. But if our own patterns of trade with the tropics will hardly be affected by the creation of a new free mar- ket extending from the Netherlands on the north to the Belgian Congo and Madagascar on the south, our political relationship to a country like Brazil might be profoundly jolted.

The prospect for trouble can be read in certain statistics recently assembled by the Chase Manhattan Bank in New York. Li 1961, so the banks economists report, the six nations of the European Economic Community imported $98 million of coffee from former African dependency countries. But the EEC market also absorbed more than this amount of coffee from Brazil alone. The elimination of tariffs on African tropical products such as coffee and cacao will mean that Brazil will be selling less to the nations of Western Europe.

Since the (joulart government in Brazil is having a terrible time attempting to control a raging inflation, any loss of markets for Brazilian coffee exporters is bound to have serious political repercussions. The poorer Brazil gets in terms of foreign exchange, the more fertile the opportunity for the local supporters of a Castro type Communism. And the United Stated must either be prepared to give Brazil further economic infusions in the shape of grants or loans, or else stand helplessly by while the Goulart government mutates further toward a Castroite left.

This gloomy prospect could be mitigated if the European Economic Community nations and the former African colonies of Belgium, France and Italy 4rere to take a leaf out of the life story of the late U.S. Secretary of State, Cordell Hull, who liked to see "most favored nation" clauses written into trade agreements. For the sake of Latin American countries like Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador, the EEC might be persuaded to even up the advantages accorded to African nations by extending the most favored nation" tariff reductions or riiminations to the American and Asiatic tropics. This would be done as a matter of self-protection, for if Communism leaps a few more barriers and takes over in Brazil or Guatemala it will do Western Europe no good.

Incidentally, former British (Continued On Page 5)

Diagraming Incdustry Problems

By ELMER ROESSNER

Diagraming difficult production projects on paper is one of the newest and more successful techniques being used by management to keep complex development programs under control while maintaining schedules and keeping costs down.

The method is called PEIRT, which stands for Program Ev-aulation and Review Techniques. Its most important com-pwient to a diagram of the planned project showing the various steps necessary to complete it.

A typical PERT diagram looks something like a plan for a railroad freight yard with a number ol tracks Joining together and then joining together again until the whole network dwindles down the one track. That final track Is the completion of the program and all the other tracks are the various siib-pi-ojects Uiat lead to the coinplelluii.

Suppose the program was to manufacture a new, gold plated Yo-yo. Track A might represent design; track B, srlrct-iug and acquiring materials:

tract C, labor force; track D labor training program.

Track A joining track B would indicate that design is completed and raw materials obtained. Track AB would then represent the segment of the program in which production machinery is to be obtained. Management would know frwn the diagram that step A and step B should be completed at the same time and that step AB could not be instituted until the two previous steps were completed.

Track C Joining track D would mean that workmen had been hired and were undergoing training, Indlcided by ' CD. When track AB and track CD join, bring materials, machinery and skilled workers together, then production starts and the prc^ram Is completed. In this way, the program can )>e contliuittlly clRH-ked and ail-made lu Indiudual sub projects if they get out ul pha.se with other sub-projects,

The above Illustration Is, of cour.se. grossly oversimpll-iuuL Kvmm ihm m-adiuujAM

gold-plated yo-yos would require many more tracks to cover such steps as package design. obtaining sufficient work space, testing pilw models, developing market outlets, to list but a few.

The PERT method was developed by the Navy and the management consultant firm of Booz, Allen It Hamilton for the Polaris missile project. The Polaris required the coordination of thousands of government and Industry groups and the bringing together of thou.sands of component parts at. the right time and the right place. Complex as the diagramming was, It worked.

additional benefits

The simplified PERT d 1 a -gram for the manufacture of yo-yos reflects actual physical needs of the program. The samw program can be dtagnuned UI-ciittcally to .sliow llie liine al-luweU tor each eiep. if ihe pace along one track varies from its schedule, more effort can be put into speeding up that particular .iub-projert while woik

oa aUiAra oaa h* ilnuu.4 km,

slacken..

PERT can be diagramed for budget, too. In thia way, agement knows how closely sub-projects are keeping W their burgeti an dean modify later steps accoi*dingly or a^ range for additional funds advance of their need.

With adaption, PERT prob* ably can be applied to other, management programs. Con* struction projects, market ex* pansion programs, diverstflcat* Ion plans almost anythtol that requires completion wlthji a limited time, a limited bu* get or a limited work force-The principal advantages < PERT are that it presents visual picture of all the diente of a program and to it Interrelates the Ingredleete^ they can be reviewed end o(k Ified as needed. \

But it is crucial that every* ilcin and requlreiiient for tw success of tiie piogram to in^ eluded In the diagram. Suppo the Polaris mis.sile pro6i'a% planners had neglected to to* elude the startin' button iu thelD PbiU.T

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