Monday, June 24, 1963

Assembly Reaches Eleventh Hour

. . _____ , ^ . ...... _ _ .

The ITfh hour for the 1963 General ssmbly approved by voTers ^The st^e^^ ^

is at hand and agreement on Senate redktricting This is the proposal that the House of Repre-appears even more remote than it did on the first seritatives has adamantly refused to accept. It is day of the session when several redistricting meas- the proposed which consistently has had the majori-ures were dropped into legislative hoppers. ty support of the Senate. The other proposal, known

If the legislature does adjourn without enacting as the Currie billdoes not present, in our opinion, a realistic measure for Senate redistricting, it will a realistic solution to the Senate redistricting prob-not have fulfilled its responsibility to the people o lem. It by no stretch of the imagination fulfills the North Carolina. It will have failed to deal effectively coustitutioiiai provision that senate representation with one of the paramount issues that faced the be allotted according to population as near as may legislature when its 170 members went to Raleigh be. It would be just short of a miracle if the in Februap'. courtswhich are sure to be asked to rule on any

In spite of the unexpectedly long session of the redistricting measure enactedwould place a stamp General Assembly this year, and in spite of the of approval on the Currie proposal, seeming impasse which has been reached between Enactment of the Currie bill for redistricting tlic House and Senate over redistricting the upper of the senate would, from a practical standpoint, bodv, there should be no adjournment of the session })o almost the same as failure of the legislature to

do anything about Senate redistricting. The net result would most likely be a court-ordered redistricting prior to the 1965 session of the General Assembly.

1 , . o \ Tempers are getting shorter by the hour in the

st tutional amendment on Senate distncjing a_nd._ .i^turc. The pressure of the long session and likewise provides for automatic redistricting prior

until this matter is resolved ... in a idealistic manner.

As the Reflector has previously stated, we fool the most realistic proposal now before the legislature is the two-fold plan which provides for a con-

to the next session if the proposed amendment is not

' Withdrawal Is Not A Retreat

By Wn.LIAM A. SHIRES RDISTRICT The decision . by the State Senate to submit 1 s piggyback redistricting bill to conference committee for the second time was strategic withdrawal, not a retreat.

It was drawing back under unexpected pressure that the Upper chamber finally give in and accept the House version of Senate redistricting under the Curie bill, with no pikky-back constitutional amendment attached.

That the Senate give in last Friday was the last hope that the legislature might adjourn on June 22. Sending the differences on redistricting back to conference committee apparently was the last hope that the issue might be resolved without a special session.

It is clear that the fight over redistricting now has become a classic struggle, not to be settled until the bitter end of the sessionand perhaps not them.

PRESSURE The pressure shifted to the Senate last Wednesday after the House shouted an emphatic refusal to accept the report of the first conference committee, a capitulation by the House.

House Speaker Clifton Blue ha.s re-named the identical House conferees immediately, but Senate president Clarence Stone had done nothing for two dav^.

finally the prcssure was brought to bear with a motion by .Sen. Lindsay Warren Jr. of Wayne that the original Senate conference committee be dis-rolvcd. a new one appointed and and in.structed to approve the Hou.^ic amendments.

This set the stage for a show-dovTi then and there on the House-Senate deadlock, but proponents of the piggyback leaped up to head it off.

The upper chamber rang with tht sharpest oratory of the 1%.3 session when leather-lunged Sen. Staton Williams of Stanly cried for his colleagues not to surrender.

RULES Sen. Tom White of Lenoir challenged Warren's motion as contrary to the Jules and called on Stone to iule it out of order.

Warren, however, contended that when the Senate rules were not explicit the House ntles were to be followed and that the House rules provided for two tjTJcs of conference committees, a free conference and a simple conference in which conferees are instructed.

He said he had checked this with the principal clerk.

I believe the rule is clear,'' Warren said.

White argued that it would be a radical departure and a "rarity to say the lea.st for the Senate to Instruct its conferees, and contended it would abrogate

the, j;ights..^pf,, senatpi^______

Stone called for the Senate to be at ease while he studied the question, and White and Warren went to the dais with ivlebooks in hand.

STONE At this point Stones ruling was crucial. Whatever he ruled would stand unless it could be overturned by a two-thirds majority. This relieved the pressure somewhat.

But by the time Stone rapped his gavel and made his ruling, things were edgy an dtemper.s were short.

Stone ruled this way: Thet he would rule the motion to dissolve the original conference committee in order: that he would rule the motion to appoint new conferees in order: but

that he would loile the instructing of Senate conferees out of order.

Sen. Robert Morgan of Cleveland was on his feet with i par-limentary inquiry. Did the president mean that he was turning Sen. Warrens motion into three motions? Stone replied, that's exactly right.

Further flaring of tempers appeared imminent. But at that moment Warren arose to announce that I concur in the chair's niling.

Stone told the Senate then that he would appoint conferees a-gain, but added that the House Speaker had reminded the House conferees to remember how the House voted. He would do the same for Senate conferees, he said.

Fuither, Stone said. I think the Senate, not the House.

DELAY It was not over then either. Sen. Ray Wilson of Brunswick charged angrily that the^ Senate ought to redistrict to a parliamentary maneuver on the pait of somebody, somewhere, somehow. . ,I cant get at the root of it. . ."

Walton said it was a;i attempt to force the Senate to abandon the position of its majority. He ripped into the Currie bill, saying it was an "open secret " that a.s .soon as the Assembly adjoums a law'suit challenging this act would be filed and just as surely as day follows night the courts will strike it down.

Morgan came up again to object to suggestions of political maneuvering " or suggesting that voting for Warren's motion would thwart the majority. White replied to this, sa.ving that any suggestion that anyone was attacking the Senator from Wa>Tie was rcdicu-lous like something you'd read in the newspapers.

Warren again calmed the fraught nerves by annonnrin" that in the interest of harmony and an atmosphere in which w'e can work out a solution" he was withdrawing his motion tht Senate conferees be instructed.

complicated matters are steadily taking their toll in Raleigh. Even under these circumstances, however, the legislature cannot justify adjournment without enacting a realistic redistricting measure.

In the interest of the state and its people, the legislature should immediately give its endorsement to the two-fold redistricting measure which includes the proposed constitutional amendment.

Never An Over-Supply

Of Good Quality Leaf

Waste In The DroD-Outs

The warning that tobacco stocks on hand could reach record proportions this year presents tobacco farmers throughout the flue-cured area another reason to make intensive efforts toward producing a high quality crop this season.

It may be true, as L. T. Weeks of the Tobacco By WINFRED L. GODWIN Cooperative Stabilization Corp. has said, that there i.s just too much tobacco. In recent there doesnt seem to have been an of really good quality tobacco that has been in demand by both domestic and foreign customers.

There is now and there has been too much of the poorer grades of leaf that have not been in demand. The U.S. flue-cured producers have seen foreign producers of lower quality tobacco grab off large segments of the world market that once had to look to the flue-cured areas in Virginia, the Carolijias and Georgia for both good and poor l)i'ight tobacco.

It is becoming increasingly evident that the future of U.S. flue-cured tobacco in the world market education succe.ssfuiiy.

is going to depend heavily on the quality leaf pro-

Courts

Director. Southern Regional Education Board

College drop-out.sthose students who begin college and don t finishmean wasted e.x-pen.^^e for student, college and society.

To decrea.se this wu.ste, modern education i.s .still seeking for various method.s of teiiting to insure that a.s many students as po.ssible who begin a college education, finish

duced in the bright belt area. Good quality tobacco uidance.^^to .see^ that

First, for

... . . . - ---------- v. a stu-

uill continue in considerable demand, while the dent gets into the kind of

poorer (}uality leaf in the bright belt will find in- school and the kind of educational program to suit his needs and talents. And second, for selection; each college needs to know how a given student is likely to perform in its own program.

Tests are not infaliibie in-

crea.sing reluctance on the part of purcha.sevs to buy even at lower prices.

Better (luality tobacco in the 1963 crop would go a long way toward easing the problem of too much tobacco which face U.S. flue-cured ducers.

pro-

siruments for either purpose and the first to admit it aro the creators of tests themselves.

"The only expectation of our tests is that they will furnish u.seful information about a, cndidate which, wlten addeo to all other information, will improve (he estimate of the candidates academic power, said Henry S. Dyer, vice president in charge of College Board programs at Eklucation-al Testing Service. "They have done their job adequately if they are capable of reducing the mistakes of an aamissions officer by at least 25 per cent."

No single test is satisfactory to predict performance in all colleges. Some kinds of information sought on tests nay bo useful at one college and useless at another which offers different curricula, different

PI Tb

.. ne 3ia

1: mama

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Publi,shed Evrry Afternoon E.xcept Sunday E.stabli.shed 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHKNIARI), Pubb.^her

Entered at Post Office, Greenville, N. C a: .second clas< mall matter. '

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

Greenville Post Office. Pitt County Rober.sonville Vanceboro Washington and Chocowinity

30c

35c

Three Months _

Six Months ....... _

One Year

North Carolina 'other than listed above) Three Month.*;

Six Month.s One Year

Plus 3a N C Sales Tax All Othci Out. ide North Caiolina Three Months

Six Months ____ .. .......

One Year

S 3.73 7,00

13 000

$ 4 00

750

14 00

$ 4,25 8 00 15.00

MEMBER .ASSOCI.^TED PRESS

The Associated Prcs.s Is exclusively entitUd to u.-e lor publication all r.ew.- dispat{hc.< crcciiUd to it or not otbcrwnr credited to thi.- papei and also the local new.-- nubli.sheci. nerein. All righus of pubhration of ;-pecial di.spa.che.s here are also reserved

M<nibrr Audit Bureau of Circulation.

All adverti.Mng copy must be received at lea.st one (<av bcfon pubJicaiion date.

By ROGER BABSON

BABSON PARK, Mass .-This is the time of year- when young people graduating from high school and college face the big task of finding a job. Not just any job to secure spending money. but one which can lead to a u.seful career. For many, this loom.s as the biggest hurdle of their adult life. Success can niean a rewarding life, but failure may take away enthusiasm and initiative. Hence, I feel that this is an appropriate time to devote a column to some fundamental population trends which may determine future employment patterns and opportunities.

THE CURRENT EMPLOYMENT TRE.ADMILL

One of the Kennedy Administrations biggest headaches is the problem of reducing unemployment. Since the current upward phase of the business cycle began in 1961, personal income from salaries and wages has i1-.sen by $35 billion to a new record rate, up 124 percent. Industrial production has advanced 18 percent. Despite these impressive gains, employment has been able to post only a 3 percent rise and tmemployment shows little real improvement.

Automation is often blamed for our unemployment difficult i e s. The leal truth is, however, that work crews have had to be trimmed down to eiticient proportion bt'causp of such factors a.^ the shrinkage of profit margins. costs of higher wage and fringe benefits, and .soaring taxi's which employers must pay for their workers.

THE ( HANGING POPULATION STKUi'TlRE Another factor which has kept unemployment at an uncomfortably high level is the risiiig tide of young people entering tlie labor force. What we are contending with now is only the frontal wave of the upturn in the birth rate of the late 'thirties. A more sizeable increase in job seekers still lies ahead when the baby boom of Uie forties makes it.self felt on the la bor .scene.

This miishrodming of the le--servoir of manpowei is the primary reason for the sticky late of unemplo.vment. That the economy is now baivly able to absorb the influx of new w'orkers into the labor force is a symptom of poor economic health, con.sidoring the fact that business has been enjoying t w o years of hich activity.

THE V ULNERABLE GKOl P Projections of population ti'ond.s indicate that between now' and 1970. especially after Hxil two aee groups should show the large.*-'! inciea.se. These aie the 15- 19-year-olds and the 20 - 24 bracket. Thl.s mean.s that in the

7ask O:: A Job

second half of this decade, the economy will face a big task in finding jobs for these new'com-ers.

These statistics seem to me to lie advising students to take their education seriously. Unskilled and uneducated workers are finding it progressively more difficult to find jobs. And the odds will be mounting against them in the years ahead. Since the new'-worker group lacks high skills and experience, we have the makings of a chronic sore spot which could cause serious economic and sociological headaches later on.

WHAT POPULATION AND EMPLOY^MENT FIGURES SAY

These young adults may, however. hold the key to further prosperity. Not only do they constitute a mighty potential' for lifting demand and consumption, but they could beef up the productive portion of the population. However, this potential can be realized only if these young adults can find suitable employment. I am certain that there wdll be opportunities, and attractive ones at that, for those prepared for careers in science engineering, medicine, commerce. and education.

Those lacking the aptitude or funds to attend colleee need not get discouraged. There Ls a trend toward scarcity of skilled and .semi-skilled technic a 1 help. This mechanical and .scientific age is opening up many opportunities for blue collar workers. Those who are willing to pursue the proper ing can eam a good week's but only after they have acquir ed that training. This means postponing marriage to a later date. I am optimistic on young people} They are our nations best asset. My plea Is that they be told of the conditions ahead and reminded that employment is a two-way street.

I Other Editors Saying... Civil Rights Showdown

(The Chicago American)

PRESIDENT KENNEDY'S legislative package for encorr-ing Negro rights has been submitted to Congress, and the opening skirmishes are being fought in what will undoubtedly be the biterest congressional wrangle in many se&sions. What will make it so is the realization that the issue of Negro rights is nc longe-f limited to Negroes alone or to the south alone; it is the crucial question of this decade, and t h e whole nation is deeply involved in it.

Kennedy's five - point program would guarantee all citizens equal access to public accommodations, such as hotels, restaurants and movies; empow*-er the attorney general to file suits against school boards accused of race discrimination; broaden federal manpower and training programs to ease unemployment among Negroes; provide fair employment legislation; and strengthen the powers of the committee on equal employment opportunities, headed by 'Vice President Johnson.

The Senate's southern Democrats will undoubtedly advance their usual argument, which consists of thrusting the fingers into both ears, closing the eyes, and yammering. That answer won't do. The status of Negroes in the United States has become too crucial a question to be settled by the longpow'er of Dixiecrat .senators. A successful filibuster now w'ould inflame the nation . wide drive for Ne

gro rights to the point of revolution.

Chances of blocking a south-em filibuster, however, do not look promising. To provide the two - thirds majority to shut otf debate, at least 20 of the 33 Republican senators will have to vote for cloture, and the Republicans have shown no enthusiasm about doing that.

According to two G O. P. .'spokesmen. Senators Everett Dirk.sen of Illinois and Bourne Hickenlooper of Iowa, Republicans oppose two of the Kennedy proposals those to outlaw segregation in public facilities and to broaden the attorney generals power to bring suit. They regard these as dangerous expansion of federal pow er and a threat to the rights of individuals to run their own business.

These objections need to be thoroughly discussed. That means they should not be buried by a southern talkathon and the Republicans should make sure they are not buried. Unavoidably, the motives of objectors will be suspect; Are they really worried about federal power, or are they adopting a handy excuse for preserving segregation. The suspicioos may be unfair, but the Republican senators can easily dispel them. They can vote to shut off the southern filibuster and then, if they wish, oppose the bills on the Senate floor.

What they tannot hone.*-tly do is to sit back and allow' a filibuster to inflame the nations race problem further.

academic pressui-es and a different "general climate. "

Southern colleges and universities are developmg new methods to improve the selection and guidance of their prospective students.

The University SysU m of Georgias Office of Te.sting and Guidance is leading the way a system for determining tlH* "predicted fre.shnian grade' of a Georgia high school .senior in any one o 20 colleges in the University Sy.stem.

For the be.*;t estimates of a students .success, tiie Office u.ses the average of hign school grades and his verbal and mathematical .scores from the Scholastic Aptitude Test of the College Entrance Examination Board. The piedictea average grade for a given college u then computed from a formulafor e.xample, i V plu.*-5 M plus 20 HSG31.65 Translated the formula means that the verbal score, .^lus live times the mathematics tes,i score, plus 20 times the average high school grack\ minu : 31.65 equals the best estimate of the first year average m the college being considered bv the student,

Eacn colUge in the system has a different formula and different formulas are u.->ed for men and wonien. In the Georgia .system, as with other institutiou.s, better estimates of academic success are gained by combining test scores witn the high school record than by using test scores alone.

Clemson College in South Carolina has adopted new admissions practices de.signed to upgrade student effort and to steer students in the right dii-ection. Under the program, no single factor controls the acceptance of either freshmen or transfers. Four areas are considered; outside tests, high school records, the higlj school principals recommendations and intangible factors. Th^ student's high school recova and rank must Indicate ability to do college work, proper motivation and habits of study essential to college success.

"Success In college Is not easy to define, but mast people would consider the level of academic performance (grades) and satisfactory completion of the college program as two major components.

With these in mind, each college is looking for applicants who gave good potential for arademic performance and those who are most likely to prese vere in their college work.

Frayer

Aulings

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963. King Features Syndicate, Inc.

The U. S. Supreme Court, with Justice Stewart as the lone dissenter, has ruled that recitation of the Lords Prayer in public schools even in classes that allow individuals to absent themselves from a devotional period is unc(Histitu-tional.

Well, that presumably settles It, for this particular generation of Supreme Court Justices at least. But, In the perhaps not so distant future. It is quite possible that the issue will be revived by parents who consider that their children are being denied the protection of the Ninth and Tenth amendments to the Constitution, which originally put determination of the content of education amcHig the rights reserved to the separate states, or to the citizens thereof.

The issue will never die for the simple reason that the First Amendment, which says that Congress shall pass no law respecting an stablishmeot of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, is completely jsilent. 00 the. subject of .vol- . untary prayers In public schools suppoited by the various State and municipal govemmcnte. Moreover, there te abundant evidence that Thomas Jefferstm who WAS the moving sptilt behind the adoption of the First Amendment, had no discernible intention of telling local communities whether they should or should not permit prayers or religious instruction In their schools.

A professor at the University of Dubtique Theological Semina-iT. Robert M. Healey, recently combed over the writings of Thomas Jefferson on the subject of religion in public education for his Ph. D. dissertation He struck pay dirt in Jcf-fer.sons propo,*5als for building a lax - suppoited system of grammar .school and college education for the .state of Virginia. Jefforao.n. before there was anv University of Virginia in his home town of ^Charlottesville, hoped to bring the College of William and Mary under state control. Abhorring a doctrinaire approach to rellglwi, he regarded the existing professorships of divinity at William and Mary as expendable, but at the same time he advocated that the college send missionaries to the Indian tribes to instruct them in the principles of CTirlstlani-ty. Thus Jefferson Indicated that he believed the .states, and the educators In the states, should retain the power and the right to use public funds to teach a broadly conceived religion as they chose to whom they chase. What he was concerned with was keeping a single sect from imposing a theology on students.

When Jefferson (Hitlined a curriculum for the University of Viiginia. he included a provisin for a professor of ethic,*-" who would lie entrusted with presenting the proofs of the being of a God, the creator, pre-.*-erver, and supreme ruler of the universe, the author of all the relations of morality, and of the laws and obligations these Infer. This Iff further evidence that Jefferson did not hiterpreC the First Amendment to outlaw the teaching of religion in schools supported by public funds. Since the "Paither of the Constitution, James Madison, who conferred with Jefferson frequently, was particularly con-cemed with getting JeffersWs views accepted when the Bill of Rights was being formulated. it is a reasonable presumption that the men who wrote the First Amendment meant only what they explicitly said when they prohibited Ccmgress from passing a federal law to establish a religion. How the voluntary recitation of the Lords Prayer in State and city schools can be equated with the establishment of an (rfficial church by Congressiwial act is a semahtlc mystery.

The truth, as Professor Healey explains it after a prolonged immersion in Jeffersons w'rltings, is that Jefferson regarded morality and religion as inseparable. True religion, .so Jefferson wrote to John Adam.4 In 1817, is morality. . .the sublime of doctrines of phllan-throplsm and deism taught u.s by Jesus of Nazareth, ta which we all agree, constitute one re-li,glon, Carrying on from such precepts. Jefferson advocated

(Continued On Page S)

Business Prospects Are Bright

neans J.

Quote

Some fellow cooked up a name for a new international drink. He calls it Poreignade, No doubt it Is the refre.sher that never pause.s. Bartow <Ga.> Herald.

BLOODMOBILE

GIVE BLOOD

BLOOSOBILE

BE A DONOR

BLOODMOBILE

By ELMER ROE.SSNER

Busine.ss prospects continue briglit, despite the high unemployment total, hiflated by th-ou.sand.s of tindergrads .scekhif^ jobs.

Industrial production is heavy and appears to be rising. Inventories are moderately low. putting manufacturers in position to buy when prices are at a better rate than last year.

Settlement of the .steel wage question will ea.se biisine.ss tensions and while higher wages in this and other industries will tend to pinch many companies there will be more spending money about.

In general, busine.ss will be perky during summer and fall and after that the Chri.stmas boom can bo counted on to maintain acceleration.

OTHER PROSPECTS Here are more look-ahead.s in bushiess, ba-sed on analyses of developing trends and advance information :

Aid for exporters: Treasury pvnpitc or frnntlenUv frvincr

to find ways of helping American exporters who are finding t h e Common Market raising barriers against many Imports The big hurdle Ls that the General Agreement on TarriLs and Trade (GATT), to which the United States and all Common Market countries are signer.s prohibits direct government .subsidies or direct tax aid to companies exporting to the countries concerned. Some experts say there are ways of aiding exporters without violating GATT, but no one has yet come up with a formula.

New brew: Guinnes,s which lost money in trying to brew its in the U. S., will .soon have another go at the Amof-ican market. Watch for an announcement of a new brew.

Super charges; There will be a new wave of experiments in credit by supermarkets. A few' years ago several chains experimented with it and didnt like the idea. Now' Kroger is trying credit again in a few stores. Since it is the third lar-

apfst rh(n nth^r rhniner

lollow' Its lead If current tests w'ork out.

MODERATE DISCOU.NT:

Car bargains; There will be plenty of discounted prices between now and the unveihng of the new auto models, riow ever, discounts will be less than la.st year because dealers inventories are in better shape. But shrewd shoppers W'ho search out dealers with heavy stocks can make handsome bargains.

More help tor displaced; small bu-sinesses evicted by Federal construction projects can get help. Now Congre&s is studying a plan to grant disaster loans to those businesses who are not evicted but who lose their customers as a result of a project Fire retardant: A nef treat-, ment makes many types of cotton and rayon fabric fire resistant. even after 100 washings. It will hi unveiled with considerable fanfare in the next few da.vs.

PLAN TO GET PENNIES IN. CIRCULATION There were light* popping out of the Old Pr(noter ears when he came in today and It was obvious he had a bright idea. He did.

Pennies are another government headache today, he .said. Mints are woridhg overtime, and still there Is not enough. Ueople get them in change and take them home and put them In vases, bureaus, banks and so (m.

I know a 'writer who has a hibachi full of them. But I know a way to get them back in circulation..

"How? we howed.

Let the government Issue books like trading stamp books and invite people to patj pennies. she can turn it in for a toaster, a steam iron, a subscription to the Ctxigresslonal Record or $10 in cash. There's the idea. Take It a-way. Director of the Mint, Eva B. Adams.

(A Bell-McClure Syndicate Fea-