Thursday, June 20, 1963

Contrasting The Two

There was quite a contrast in the ways President Kennedy and Governor Sanford approached the civil rights problem.

The President asked for more laws; the Governor took the view that this was a field in which something more than new laws was needed.

The President, by submitting a program whfch infringed on the sensibilities of certain Congressmen invited prospects of delaying tactics and angry, divisive speeches . . . the fanning of animosities and attitudes of stubbornness.

The Governor let it be known the whole picture had to begin improving for the better now; that there must be no more pitting citizen against citizen and mob against mob . . . that it was time to talk grievances and work for harmony . , . instead of opening the door to more differences, he sought to close the door against the influences of disunity.

'Phe President itemized a number of ackiu)wi-Cilged'discriminatory practices, and his remedy was to apply ever more governmental pressures to eradicate them.

The Governor likewise acknowdedged discrim-

.anier Acts On ?upil Jnsurgnce_

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

MEMO Insurance Commissioner Edwin S. Lanier plans to Issue a memorandum to North Carolina school officials concerning contracts for scholastic accident Insurance now being solicited for the 1963-64 school year.

Laniers action results from recent difficulties in collecting claims under such policies issued by a Greensboro insurance company, Summit Insurance Co. of America.

The Insurance commissioner ordered this firm to set up a special irrovocable claims payment account after claim drafts on the firm bounced in three states. Summit had in.sured about 70 per cent of the approximately one million North Carolina public school pupils.

Contracts for this group type accident Insurance are signed by local school superintendents, principals or boards of education.

CONCERN Lanier's memo says I am determined as commissioner of insurance to do my iipmovst in protecting all citizens of this state in their insurance needs, their insurance rates and their insurance claims."

"Recently my attention and concern have been focused on the scholastic accident insurance coverage available to students and certain other school personnel through contracts between insurance companies and the respective school systems. It is my understanding that various insurance companies are now through authorized insurance agents actively engaged in soliciting such contracts of insurance for the 1963-64 school jear.

"I fiimly believe that it is my duty and responsibility to Invite your inquiries about the insurance company that you are negotiating with and to make available to you all financial data on record in this department as wrell as reveal to you what our records reflect the insurance company's practice to be In regard to its claim service and settlement of valid claims. ENROLLING The final hurdle for adjournment of a session of the General Assembly Is that encountered in the enrolling office.

AU legislation that is enacted must be enrolled and ratified by the presiding officers in open session. The roadblock that looms in the last days of a legislative session is the late mass of bills that hits the enrolling office. Some of these are lengthy measures, such as the revenue bill. The "big" public utilities bill that went to the House floor this week was 182 paps. The work of enrolling bills cannot be done in advance bcpuse of amendments. And neither can the enrolling office count on an even flow of bills.

One day it may be entirely caught up with its work, and the next day be swamped.

"We re driving as hard as we can. " says Secretary of State Thad Eure who supervises the enrollhig office. "Were ready to enroll bills just* as fast as we can, but how quickly we can fhiish is impossible to answer.

The lights bum late at night and typewriters clack through the weekends m the final stages of a General A.ssembly session .

WORK There is always a late flurry of legislative activity. Legislators who hoped that this would be the final week of the 1%3 regular session arrived in Raleigh Monday night to find 117 public bills on the House calendar and 52 public bilis on the Senate calendar.

Measures in the Senate, for example, included third reading on a $100 million bond issue for public school facilities, amended, after lengthy debate to allow proceeds to be used by counties retiring previously incurred bonded indebtedness for schools.

Given swift third reading approval was a bill to create a state department of mental health. There were numerous supplemental appi opriat ions bls.

BILLS One of the measures sent out of the hatchet" calendar committee w-as a resolution laudmg the world s safety record set by an industrial plant in Greensboro. The resolution was sponsored by the Republican delegation from Guilf o r d and had cleared the House.

But it almost died in the Senate calendar committe until someone remembered it was a resolution to be presented by Gov. Terry Sanford at a special ceremony this week. It had to be resurrected hastily.

SLOW When the legislature is about to adjourn, the pace on the floors slows down. There are long periods of idle waiting. Everyone scouts around tr>1ng to make sure that nothing has been overlooked.

What the lawmakers are waiting on is the enrollhig office. As fast as bills can be enrolled they are sent to the presiding officers to be ratified.

Then on the date and at the time set for sine die adjournment the clocks may be stopped to conform with the adjournment time set in a resolution.

And w'hen everything l.s finished. and everybody is readv, the procedure is that the sergeants - at - amis swing open the doors of the chambers. Facing each other across the rotunda in the new State Hou.se. just as presiding officers of old did in the Capitol, Senate president Clarence Stone and House Speaker Clifton Blue will intone the final words and bang down their ga\els at the exact instant.

inatory practices exist, but he tendered the solution of talking it over and finding answers on the level of individuals dealing with individuals.

The President ignored the old knowledge that it Ls more difficult to force people to willingly do what you wish them to do than it is to lead them. Governor Sanford would appear to have chosen the policy of guidance and leadership.

The difficulty both President Kennedy and Governor Sanford face involves people far more than it involves laws.

To be fair, Mr. Kennedy is seeking to apply remedies with which he is most familiar to a situation with which he is at best personally only indirectly acquainted.

In the message accompanying his civil rights program, he said state and local and voluntary efforts to resolve discrimination problems had been tried and failed.

Another might say. that .state and. local and-.

voluntary efforts had not really failed because they never did get far off the ground . . . that the needed sense of urgency didnt quite materialize. Perhaps that will now be changed.

Terry Sanford subtly relied on the Tar Heel sen.se of pride to promote efforts toward harmony and mutual respect on the voluntary state and local levels by reminding

North Carolina is known across the nation a.s a people of good sense. Lets live up to our reputation.

,.There in a c^nsiderahte--ronm-.foF d4)bt -thart-all- of the Presidents program can be, should be. or will be enacted. But if we here in North Carolina can clo.-^e our ears to the forthcoming din on the banks of the Potomac, weve got a product that could accomplish more than Congress might devise.

Glorious Fourth Can

Any Volunteers?

NEVK ITEfAReD SUGGEST AFRlCAiN*? SEND "PEACE CORPS* TO U.S.TOCoN\BAT Dl^CRiWMNATION

'REA/^f/^ER,yoUD>

HPN/E TO 4UB6I4T0N THE 4tANDAW>

OF UVIN6 UNDERTHE 5AME CONDITION^ Ai>

PEOPLE IN AMERICA

McXsuffbt Svndicata. loe.

By HAL BOYLE

Use Some Bell-Ringers NotOlietV ComeS EoSV

.Senator Abraham Ribicoff, of Connecticutt.

.Senator Abraham Ribicoff, of Connecticutt, is boosting a proposal dating back to 1776: that is to ring bells throughout the nation each July 4 when we celebrate signing of the Declaration of Independence.

The idea ha.s a natural appeal.

Of course, one wLshes that on the Glorious Fourth and on Flag Day our star spangled banne.* would be flown from every home as well as every place of business.

And flying the flag was a near-family custom, only a few years ago; but its a rarity now.

John Adams is credited with originating the idea of bells ringing out on the Fourth; and bells can, and do, convey a sound of joy, of sadness, of memories and good tidings.

The sound of bells might seiwe as a heart-lifting reminder of all the Fourth of July means to Americans at the days starting, at mid-day and at eventide.

We have no cannon to fire: fireworks are tmnned; there really isnt a whole lot to set the I ourth apart other than memory of our historv* lessons.

Bells do hold a promise.

Decision After Hundred Years

NEW YORK (AP) There used to be a time when It took hard work to become notorious in America.

You had to struggle to w in attention. You had to do unusual things such as sit on a flagpole, rob a bank or maiT-y the boss daughter.

Today, however, it takes no special talent to stand out in the crowd.

My wife, for example, knows a husband w-ho becomes the center of attention at cocktail parties simply becau.se he happens to own 100 shirts.

I happen to be that husband.

People usually don't notice me at a part any more than they do any other fat man with tired feet. They don't, that is, until

somebody happens to mention that I own 100 shirts.

Then the crowd begins to gather around me. They demand to know why I have 100 shirts as if this were in itself an un-American act,

"Well, some men set out to own 30 acres of downtown Tulsa." I explain lamely. "Others hoard balls of string, collect flapjacks or cover the Inside of their closets with early pho^ tos of Elizabeth Taylor. I just happen to be nutty over shirts."

They want to know how I happened to get that way. I explain truthfully that in Belgium during World War II, I got tired of wearing the same shirt for two weeks I swore then that if I sunived until the

Other Editors Saying... Puts A Proper Light

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

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Entered at Post Offic-e, Greenville. N. C.. .second clasi mail matter.

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-

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (APi - The Supreme Courts decision this week forbidding states to require Bible-reading or recital of prayers in public schoolsclimaxed an i.ssue which had been an is.sue before there was a Constitution.

The court arrived at its ruling in a long, around - about way over almost 100 years. Putting this weeks decision together with previous decisions of the court, this is what it all means: Government cant support religion. Therefore, no state can require religious exercises of any kind in a public school nor can it permit use of .school property for such exercises.

A system of public school education did not really begin in this country until about the 1830s. In the colonies education wa.s almost entirely under private control, frequently by the dominant Protestant groups.

In 1786. one year before the Con.stitutional Convention. Jam-e.s Madison, an architect of the Fir.st Amendment a year later, blocked an attempt in Virginia to provide tax funds for the leaching of religion in the schools there.

The First Amendment .said "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof '

But the amendment didn't say states couldn't pass .such a law Then the federal government got the power to tell states they nuist keep separate from religion with adoption of the 14th Amendment in 18Wi.

It .said: No state .shall make or enforce any law which shall abrifigt' the privilegiss or immunities of citizens of the United States ' Tliis meant protection for the privileges and im-munitit's guaranteed by the First Amendment.

Yet, o\er the years a number ot slates required religious e.xercises in the public schools, or left the question to local communities to settle. This weeks decision will probably affect a majority of the states.

The court started in 1872 four years after the adoption of tlie 14th Amendment down the road which finally led, after many tunis. to what happened this week.

That year.it relu.scd to get in-^olved III a disputo over property between two blanches of the PiTshyterian Church The court said religious bodies would bo subverted if they could get secular coiirts to .settk' thcii differences Then tlierr was a questimi; could ]lulian.^ n.se moiu'y their own but held in tru.si for them by the federal government, to pay their tuition in religiou.s scbools' The court said yes be-cau.sc to say no would liifringe

upon their religious freedom.

In 1879 the court upheld the right of a state to ban plural marriages by Mormons. The decision w'as historic. It said: While states may not interfere with mere "religious beliefs and opinions, they may with practices."

Over the years there seemed to be no end to the variety of issues.

Students who went to the University of California and, under state law, had to take military training, objected that it was contrary to their religious beliefs. The court overruled them.

It made a point which had great significance later. It said the students had no legitimate objection under the Constitution because they hadnt been compelled to go to that state school and could have gone elsewhere. Since they chose to go to that one, they had to comply with the state law that applied to that one.

Yett he court upheld the right of children of Jehovahs Witnesses to refuse to take part in a public schooF salute to the flag requirement. The court here upheld the children, saying the requirement infringed upon their free exercise of religion. How could this be, in view of the California decision?

In this case, the court said, the children had to go to the public schools and the schools had no right to require a flag-salute contrary to their religious views.

But in several memorable decisions, starting in 1947, the court began moving toward this weeks decision.

It said parents living in a town where they sent their children to Roman Catholic schools could be reimbursed by the town for the transportation costs on these grounds:

Thai the town (state) was not contributing to the support of the schools but was simply helping parents get their children to the schools. If this looked as if the court was breaking down the wall separating church and state, it wasnt.

In 1949 it banned a system in which religious teachers visited a .school weekly to give religious instruction to children who wanted it. Those who did n't were released from taking part. This was the so - called "relea.sed - time" idea.

The court banned it as violation of the Pii'st Amendment'fi prohibition against cstabll.sh-iiient of religion. The reason: tlic religious instruction w a s given in tax - supported schools to aid a religious group spread its faith.

But then the court, in anotliei case, ."aid it was all right for children to be given time off tContinUed On Page

(The Raleigh Times)

The Supreme Courts ruling barring required Bible reading and required recital of the Lords Prayer in schools is a completely sensible stand which puts the burden of religious instruction where it should have been all the time; Li the home and in the church.

Some will rant and rave about the Court having turned the backs of the children of our nation to God and to Gods Word. Nothing could be further from the truth. If our children have had to depend on the public schools for an opportunity to learn of Gods Word, and for an opportunity to recite the Lords Prayer, then we as parents and as^churchmen have turned our "children from God, not the Supreme Court.

This decision can be a very, very valuable one for all who will pause for just a little consideration of it. All parent s should ask themselves how long it has been since they led their own children in their own home in the recitation of the Lords Prayer. All parents should ask themselves how long it has been since they sat with their children in their home and even read the Bible, much less studied it a bit. All parents should ask themselves how long they have been depending on a half-hour Sunday School lesson and an hour - long church service every week to give their children Insight into Gods Word.

Entirely too many parents have come to regard the schools as places designed primarly to babysit with their children for close to eight hours a day, nine months a year. Entirely too many parents have come to regard the schools as the places where their children will be taught discipline, and they will be disciplined.

Entirely too many parei^ have come to regard the schools

as being the only place.s where their children should absorb any .sort of education, instead of realizing that they, themselves, should play a major role in the imparting of education to their own children.

Entirely too many prente have come to regard the .school'; as bring the proper places fr their children to have sex edu cation, formal as well as informal.

If this Supreme Court deci-.sion docs nothing more than force the average parents to re-con.sider his relation to his childs full life and his childs school, it will have been a wonderful thing for America. If this decision can force the average parent to the realization that schools arent just babysitters, it will be wonderful. If this decision will force parents to realize that discipline must begin with them and not in the schools, the average parent will have taken a step which will be of life - long value to his children. If the average parent can be made to realize his very important role in the education to his child, a role which must be shared with the school, the child will be a winner. If the average parent can be made to realize that the home is the place for sex education and that the schools are only there to give an assist in that work, the average parent will have learned a valuable lesson and the child will have occasion to remember this as a blessed moment.

The place for all the things which must mean most to human beings, must be the home itself, then the church itself, then the school and other community organizations. This opinion simply means that the home and the church must refocus their sights on the way they have been or havent been doing their very own jobs.

peace. Id built up a reservoir of at least 11)0 shirts so Id never again have to wear one with a dirty collar.

This explanation doesn t w in the sympathy one might expect

"My husband went through the entire war and won three battle stars and a purple heart and he doesnt have 100 shirts, a wife will say accusingly.

For some rea;on it Is the wives who seem to resent my 100 shirts most. And what seems to make them the angriest isnt so much the wasteful expenditure of family funds but that a mere man would dare to clutter up .'storage space with 100 shirts of his own.

Husbands, on the other hand, seem in many ca.'^es to hold a kind of wistful admiration for my bold victory They ask how I got away with it.

Well, I can tell you, it wamt easy. After the first 50, I had to smuggle the rest in one or two at a time to keep my wife from finding out how many I had and avoid having her .start secretly retuiTimg them to the store.

Naturally, you 11 want to know what kind they are. I have 20 white shirts, 30 blue shirts. 27 striped shirts, 17 tan shirts and 12 sport shirts.

This is my only claim to fame. But winning my major goal in life ha.snt made me a snob

If youre ever stioick with a laundry problem on a visit to New York and need a clean shirt 1.54 neck. 33-inch sleeves look me up. Ill be glad to lend you one.

There is only one hook to this offer. Youll have to leave me your old shirt in exchange. Im never going to go under 100 again.

A vow Is a vow.

Quote

"Opening of .something called the Bourbon Club in Frankfurt, Germany, boasting an old Southern atmosphere. Is enough to bring shudders One wonders whether the atmosphere In question will feature goateed colonels, sitting under magnolia trees, grasping a bourbon and branch, or one-gallus sharecroppers in tumbledown shacks, drooling tobacco juice. Richmond Times-DispaUh.

The

is coming

^ CALL YOUR CROSS

In The

By JOHN CHAMBERIJMN

Copyright, 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc President Kennedy has announced Che estaDlishment of a national Advisory Council on the Arts, and by the time this column Is In print be will in all probability have divulged the names of the thirty private citizens who are to join thirteen Federal department and agency heads in composing it.

The creation of such a Council must evoke mixed feelings. On the one htind, it suggests the official, patron ^r^-and. when patronage or recognition Is official, a matter of State commendation, festivals, tours, exhibitions and medals, the natural rebel In the artist often retreats to a small, hidden comer of his personality, On the other hand, there are types of art that flourish under State encouragement. The world has seen great ages of officially nourished sculpture, mural painting, architecture, portraiture, music. And the per-forming^arts can always use encouragement, such as the pro-vision of performing headtjusT ters like Lincoln Center in New York.

It remains to be seen how' much an official Advisory Council of the Arts will result In vital impulse and how much will be dead busk or shell. There Is also the question of how well a democracy can function as a patron. The great periods of American art have originated In re-bellMi against the hand of officialdom in any form. The creative moverlfents of our own generation began as small .sece.s-sions from the taste impovsed by such bodies as the National Academy of Arts and Letters. They began with such a dramatic arts rebel as "Jig Cook, who founded the old Provlncp-town Players In a shack at the end of a Cape Cod wharf and gave Eugene ONeill his start. They began with lonely satirists in newspaper officesRin" Lardner, the sports w riter who became a master of the short story, and Sinclair Lewis, the impish critic of Main Strei.i tastes and ethnics, come immediately to mind.

Long before the modem rebel movements in literature, poetrv and the theatre, the generation of Melville. Emenson. Hawthorne and Thoreaii staged Its owTi rebellion, Tme enough, Hawthorne took federal jol.is he was a consttl in England, and (he had a good friend in President Franklin Pierce', but his "The Scarlett Letter and other novels sprang from hi-> lonely, brooding imagination As for Thorcau, who went to jail rather than pay taxes to support the Mexican War. can anyone imagine him .seeking or accepting the approval of a State-appointed committee?

In France, under the Bourbon kings, the more formal aits flourished because the Bourbons liked stately magnificence. But the F'rt'iich democratic governments of the nineteenth centiuy could not take the lead in promoting or subsidizing good ail. The whole long line of vital French painters Renoir. Cezanne. Gauguin and the rest -rebelled again.st the standards of bourgeois society as set by the French government.

In heaping scorn on the botir geois business man as distinct from his government, the French rebels were not necessarily wise. For the Ircmy of It Is that modem painting received its greatest support from Individual business men with minds of their own. In his "Dr, Barnes of Merlon" Henry Hart has told the fascinating story of how the discoverer of argy-rol. a commercially profitable throat spray, put his millions into bringing the great Irapre.s-sionist painters to America. And not only did Albert Barnes act as the patrwi of painters, he also supported philosophers auch as John Dewey and Bertrand Ru.ssell.

If the encouragement of the artist had been left to a Washington committee in the time of Dr. Barnes, it is hardly likely that Renoir and other Frencli painters would have been brought to America either In quality or quantity. And even today it would be difficult to conceive of a government building as tastefully decorated an the new downtown New York headquarters of the Chase Manhattan Bank, which set aside a budget of $500,000 to buy good modem art for its offices. A visitor to the Chase Manhatten might think for a moment that he had strayed into the Gug-(Continued on Page )

Proving Business No Wastelanc,

By EI.MER ROESSNEH

Here s more proof that biusi-ne.s.s is no wasteland;

Buyers Laboratory has found that many of the errors of dictation are caused by the boss not the secretary. . .Helena Ru-benstein and an airline have made a deal whereby languish-ers for beauty will be flow'n to New York for a week for beauty treatments. Price: $500. plus air fare. . .This year 14 states have changed workmens compensation laws, all changes favoring workmen.

$7.50 million worth of sw'imming pools will be built this year for a new record higli. . .Health insurance benefits paid by life insurance companies exceeded $1 billion in the first three months of this year.

ICE CREAM NOW COMES IN PLASTIC TUBE

A Michigan dairy has brought out ice cream in a plastic tuljo. The u.ser can slice off ice cieain just as she would .slice salami.

A Florida bakery Is te.sling public acceptance of bread flavored with orange juice. If it do(\snt work, a martini loaf might. . The National Swimming Pool In.stifiite ,savs that

ARISE, OREGONIANS! YOU HAVE NOTHING TO LOSE BUT YOUR RAIN!

Two companies have denied Federal Trade Commission charges that they misrepresented climate, hunting and fishing near their OiTgon developments. The companies were alleged to have falsely advertised that their lands were in a sunny. Invigorating climate" with 300 days of "warm, wonderful sunshine throughout the year for year-round outdoor living. The companies deny all charges; Oregon chambers of commerce have not as yet entered the case.

The Pennsylvania legislature is considering a bill to require trailing stamps to have their

fapp vuliip nHnfpd nn fhpm Tin.

redeemed stamps would escheat to the state. . .A marine furniture company estimates more than 37 mUUon Americans wUl spend leisure time on the water this year. . .A majority of metal fabricators surveyed by Dun & Bradstreet predicted sales will pick up in the third quarter.

National Home Study Council re ports that 3.5 million Americana took home - tudy courses last year. . .There are now 15,000 tree farms in the 12 Southern Pine - producing states ... Japan produced 3 millltn home sewing machines last year.

PRIVATE LABELS BRING 4 PERCENT OF STORES VOLUME

The National Retail Merchants Association reports that 4 per cent of the total volume of 48 large stores come from private brands. In some cases, stores profit In the last half at 1962 and the first half of this year ran higher than expetM on private brands. So expect more promotion of private brands this fall.

Etched ciruit boards-are now guaranteed for life in all of General Electrics full TV line. Previously the guarantee appU-pd nnlv tn nnH-ohla pjs. . .The

RETAIL SALES IN MAY CONTINUE TO ADVANCHB

Retail sales In May were mors than $1 bUUon higher than jn May. 1962, according to Department of Commeros dgta The 1962 total was $30.236 million compared wtth $31,989 million in 1963.

All major groups but are showed Inoreaaea. Lumber building. hardware and farm equlp-mmt stores fell from $1,428 millk In IU9, 1962, to $1.418 miHlor last month.

Fur the first time In many months, auto sales were not responsible for most of the galne However, they did show a sizable increase from $4.026 mil-lion to $4,248 million from Mav to May.