Thursday, June 6, 1963

Financial Gap Remains A Big One

If the concept of county^wide fire protection is the county need fire protection for their property, ever to make the transition from an idea to a reality It will be difficult for them to be assured of this in Pitt, the County Commissioners must assume and protection on a permanent basis if the county gov-carry out a large part of the responsibility for ernment does not move into the picture to help bringing the concept to fruition. ^ underwrite the cost of maintaining these depart-

In recent years there have sprung up through- ments.

out Pitt Obviously, there are many complicated prob-

departments devoted to affor ^ pvifpnpp >f involved. The first, of course, is the amount

to their respective rural areas. The existence of required to provide even a modest sum

these departments and the work of their volunteers each of the departments. Another

have played a major role . obvious stumbling block would be posed by the u.e

rural areas of the county. For the m . of county-wide tax money for fire protection in rural

county IS covered by these rural volunteer i e - without some corresponding concession to

partments. Some gaps remain, geographically ^ *

speaking, but efforts are being made to close these gaps.

The major gap. so far as these fire departments are concerned, is the financial gap which poses a problem to their future existence.

Certainly the people who live in rural areas of

Were Not Really Increasing YOUR Burden

ju$T Keep Borrowing

ENOUGH tm To wAKe 4uRe THe New ONEf GET THeiR,4HARE/

>r

ihe Legislative Council Projec

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

COUNCIL Establishment of a perpetual legislative council to function between sessions of the North Carolina General As-acmbly now appears imminent

This would be a voice an da powerful arm of the legislative branch of state government asserting itself on a year-around basis. Its sponsors say it would perform a necessary and valuable service in the realms of research and providing factual information.

In reality it will be a little General Assembly in itself, framing recommendations which will carry considerable weight In legislative deliberations. This council, composed of 10 members. w-ill have far - reaching powers of investigation and is designed to conduct exhaustive research into matters of special legislative interest.

In effect, it will be an interim legi.slative committee charged with conducting inquiries and preparing reports on various matters prescribed by the preceding General Assembly.

POWERS Sponsors of legislation to establish the council see it as a further equalization of checks and balances in the democratic system of government.

Sen. Richard Long of Person County foresees it functioning as a committee of Congress, investigating matters of significant public interest and preparing in-ioimative reports on which to base appropriate legislation.

Opponents of the legislative council, however, picture it as a tyrannical, all - powerful gioup embarking on legislative witch - hunts during periods that the General Assembly is not in session.

The Senate stripped the legislative council of powers of subpoena of witnesses and restricted its range of investigations to matters specifically authorized by the General Assembly. These restricting amend-nicnts .sent the bill back to the House for concurrence, but observers .said they still left the council plenty of room.

DEBATE Sens. Dave Clark of Lincoln. Robert Moigan of Harnett and John R. Jordan Jr. of Raleigh contended in Senate debate that such a council would be of invaluable service to future legislatures.

Clark said that it would be able to supplant and perform the tasks formerly assigned to many different special study groups. Supporters noted that numerous other states have similar legislative research groups which look into matters of widespread public interest.

They contended that North Carolina has reached the point in legislation that such a study group composed of legislators is urgently needed. Clark said thht a number of matters which the 1963 session will not be able to dispo.se of satisfactorily might be handed to this legislative council for dareful and thorough study.

ITEMS Among the.se Issues. Clark said, is compulsory auto liability insurance.

There are insurance questions which we will not be able to resolve in this .session, Clark said. For example, the Virginia plan for liability insurance may not be able to get through the Senate and House.

This reference to the so-called Virginia plan for auto liability insurance touched a raw nerve, and Sen. W. D. (Bill James of Richmond couldnt resist taking the floor to press the point.

Do you admit that the Virginia plan is not workable? James thundered at Clark. The question had little to do with the .subject under debate, the proposed legislative council-but Clark had mentioned a sore subject yet to be debated on the floor.

Arent you admitting that this Virginia plan just isnt workable? James asked.

No, Clark replied. There just isnt enough time.

This by-play in the debate referred to a bill approved by the Senate Insurance Committee which would, in effect, junk North Carolinas compulsory auto liability system and replace it with a plan by which uninsured motorists would pay an extra $20 a year into an insured motorists insurance fund administered by the state. This has been attacked by Insurance Commissioner Edwin S. Lanier who contends it would result in steep liability insurance rate increases.

OTHER There were other ai'guments that it would be handing the legislative council a blank check to study such things as iasurance, capital punishment and court reforms.

This, said Sen. Ralph Scott of Alamance, is just another monkey on the taxpayers back. He said members would get $25 per diem pay plus expenses, in addition to employment of a full - time executive .secretary and research staff and personnel.

Sen. Lun.sford Crew of Halifax cited the results of such special study groups as the Peai.sall Coninii.ssion and the Carlyle Coinmi.ssion and predicted that if this bill is pa.sscd it will cast the taxpayers $200.-000 during the next two years.

Sen. Thomas J. White Jr.. of Lenoir called it a bad bill and a dei^ce to get goveni-ment farther away from the people. Said White, it ought to be killed.

But the Senate passed it, on a close voice vote, and House concurrence in the amendments is expected.

Chances are that in the closing days of the session half a dozen topics of interest for the 196.5 General A-ssemblyVjilill be handed over to the new legislative council, the first permanently - sanctioned resident body of the new $6.2 million State Legi.slative Building.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday EsUblished 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Elntered at Post Office, Oreenvtlle, K. O., as second cla&s mail matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES Ey Carrier fin Towns)

By Carrier (Motor Routes)

Week

Week

30c

35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

Gr'^-nvllle Post Office Pitt County, Roberfonville, Vanceboro. Wa.shington and ChorowinUy

Three Months ............................ | 8 ID

Six Months ...................... 7.00

One Year ..................... ISA)

North Carolina other than listed above)

Three Months t 4-00

Six Month.s ...... TJO

Or>e^ Year ................ 14.00

3% N C Sale.s Tax Ail Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months t 4.80

Six Months .................... 8.00

One Year 16 W)

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credited to this paper and also the locai new.<^ published herein All rights ni publication of special dl.spatches he'e re also reserved

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areas

municipal residents of the county who already are paying for fire protection through their city jr town taxes.

Although the.se problems are complicated, they are not insurmountable.

As the governing board of the county, the Board of Commissioners has a responsibility to the citizens to see that this need for rural fire protection is met through some sound method. This cannot be done by the Commissioners if they assume a standoffish attitude toward the need and toward efforts to find a logical and workable program for meeting the need.

Another Chance To Be Heard And To Learn

Friday evenings public hearing on plans for the urban renewal program in Greenvilles Shore Drive area will afford citizens another chance to be heard and to ask questions concerning the pro-po.sed program.

Local citizens interested in the program, which DATTr^TA r\r\T>z^

has been a focal point of attention for almost three x A ixvlL/lA JML/UKlii

years, should avail themselves to this opportunity to attend and participate in the public hearing.

The hearing, we trust, will be conducted in an orderly and dignified manner. It is for the purpose of providing the public with another opportunity to be heard on the matter and for the Redevelopment Commi.ssion to present in detail its tentative plans for urban renewal work in the area.

A

Saark

Of Creativity

There'.s nothing like a little culture to stimulate the world.

It wasnt too many days ago that we were scouting around the Kate Lewis J^rt Gallery one evening during a class break.

Following the hearing, the Redevelopment A friend was very insistent that Commission is expected to further consider the pro- interesting art ob-

grani and finalize its proposals. They will then be ^ '

presented to the Planning and Zoning Commission Object was just

for that bodys consideration. If the proposed plans that. An upside-down coffee pot, meet the approval of the Planning and Zoning Commission, they will be presented officially to the City Council which subsequently will hold a public hearing on the plans and program before acting on them.

Friday nights hearing is by no means the final preliminary .tep to be taken before an urban renewal program will get underway in the Short Drive ........

area. Por those who still have questions about the Knowland of California, who has program, however, it provides another opportunity been in North Carolina the past for those (jue.^tions to be answered by the Rc-di'veiopment Commission, and for the plan to be explained in detail.

with the spout intended to be the nose: two green blocks for eyes; glasses; some kind of mouth we cant recall (that probably has significance); and a chain w'hich supposedly represented hair.

Thats art? we were in the process of screaming, when a nice looking young man approached the circus and asked, .Dont you like my art?'

Other Editors Saying... Evaluating Prospects

(Henderson Dispatch) Former Senator William

F.

'Direct

?UD11C

r

i aiKs 1 o

Shelvec.

Bv JAME.S MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP - Prc.sl-dent Kennedy in 1%0 thought a direct talk to the people by the President wa.s an effective w'ay of dealing with the civil rights problem.

But he himself u.sed only one such appeal to reason, and then too late, and apparently doesn't plan another any time soon although the racial problem in civil rights is building up steam and could become critical next Monday.

In 19.57 President Eisenhower had to send troops into Little Rock to restore quiet and back up a federal court order that Negro children be admitted to the city's Central High School.

Kennedy, in hi.s 1960 campaign for the presidency, recalled the Little Rock disorders and indirectly criticized Eisenhower for not doing what Kennedy .said President Roosevelt would have done: talk to the people.

Events moved toward a torrid and bloody climax last fall when Mississippi's Gov. Ro.ss Barnett defied a federal court order to admit a Negro, James H. Meredith, to the University of Mississippi.

Kennedy had troops in the background, away in the back, when on the night of Sunday, Sept. :iu. 1%2 he tried to back up the court order and sweep aside Barnetts ob.struction by .sending U.S. marshals to the school with Meredith.

It wa.s at about ju.st that moment when Kennedy went on the air to appeal to Mississippians to be peaceful and respect the autliority of the federal govem-m('i)t as cxpres.sed through the court order. It wa.s too late.

By the time he made the ap-pi al rioting had broken out and

lasted all night. Two men were killed. In the end Kennedy had to send in troops.

Last May 11, when peaceful Negro demonstrations in Birmingham had melted into a riot after Negro dwellings had been bombed. Kennedy moved troops into Alabama military bases but didnt send them into the city.

They could be rushed in if trouble began there again. Or they coiiW be rushed next Monday to nie..^niversity of Alabama if violence breaks out there, as it nay.

Gov. George C. Wallace, ignoring the ^perience of Bai--nett, has anntiunced he will keep Negroes out of the university even though a federal court has ordered them admitted.

If he tries it, there may be a repetition of the Mississippi epi.sode.

But Kennedy has given no indication he wiU appeal for peace and quiet through a broadcast to the people of Alabama and at the same time to the people of the country at this time of increasing racial tension over civil rights.

Such a broadcast would, at least, throw an important part of the presidential power behind the governments efforts at desegregation.

What Kennedy Is doing is w orking through the Justice Department. appealing to bu.s-inessmen to desegregate their establishments, and preparing new civil rights legislation to offer Congress next week.

He has shown a steady reluctance to appeal to the people, or explain his positions or programs to the people, over television and radio. Hes done it seldom. Aides have .said he doe.snt want to overdo it for fear of wearing out his welcome.

few days in the interest of Republican party prospects in next years election, is a most impressive individual and former official. Personal contact with the senator gives the impression of a genial, well informed publisher of the Oakland, Calif., Tribune which has been for years a profitable venture for his family.

The senators reasoning about his party's chances for the presidency in 1964 is interesting and easy to Listen to. His predictions were accompanied by conditions and possibilities as he sees them. He said, for one thing, that his own views and those of Senator Goldw'ater are much alike. He even went to far as to guess that Goldwa-ters chances for the GOP nomination are very promising, and that as of now he would favor the Arizona solon for the nomination.

Then he mentioned w^hat he termed the party's chances under certain conditions. He said that if Goldwater were nominated and if he could carry eight Southern States he would probably be elected in November next year. And what a tremendous if that is. The former senator did not mention the eight Southern States that could make this possible. It would have helped if he had been more specific.

We cannot envision eight States in this part of the country deserting the Democratic standard. Not in this century have that many States of the South given their electoral votes to the GOP. There have been times when four or five jumped the fence. Several favored Eisenhower both times when the latter was elected in 1952 and 1956.

No one can deny that the South is irritated by the Kennedy administrations racial and civil rights policies. But it is a gCKxl question whether they are sufficiently steamed up to shift their support next year.

Whether the GOP nominee is Senator <3oldw*ater or any one of the several others often mentioned. it is taking in a lot of territory to assume the eight States in the Southeast will throw their support to the GOP nominee. Arkansas was tremendously ruffled by the Little Rock affairs home years ago, but Arkansas remained Democratic. What W'ould be necessary to shove eight Southern States Into the Republican column can only be guessed, but. on the basis of past performance, they wiU absorb a lot of punishment, as they interpret it, and still remain loyal to the party of their fathers In this part of the country.

The 1964 presidential election may produce its share of surprises. A lot of water will run under the bridge between now and November of next year. A lot will have to if Senator Knowlands reckoning should materialize to the extent he envisions.

There will be much speculation about the outcome a year hence, and the nearer the election comes the more of it there will be. Whatever amount of dissatisfaction there may be as of today, there could be more and may be less than at the present time. Events in the interim will undoubtedly have a bearing on the outcome. No one as of now can with certainty predict the outdome of the next national election. What would happen if the election were held right now could be quite different from eighteen months hence. And it is possible that it will be.

It wasnt really courtesy that kept us from continuing to begin a tirade. It w'as more astonishment, that someone was proud of it.

We were enjoying being indignant in fun.

The self-appointed artist left the spirited environment, which inspired us to call in another classmate who v, as from the North Look at that, we said. What do you think?

After a moment, she answered that it was just quaint.

After a few more moments she decided that she had an old coffee pot which could be converted into a similar object of art and which would be a scintillating addition to a family room in a home featuring Early American. We sort of agreed.

After all, the coffee pot did have a cigarette poking out of its mouth. That was sort of innovating.

While the young lady was thinking out loud about the art object she was going to create, the artist returned. We announced who he was, and of course the girl w'anted to buy the thing from him. But. he. being attached to an original piece, said he couldnt pas.sibly set a price on it or sell it at any cost. And furthermore, she might make something like it but no one could ever create exactly the same thing he had.

This was certainly getting to be a very arty conversation, we were thinking. When sentiment and personal feeling come in, things are getting pretty deep.

The artist, being an artist, suddenly disappeared again.

The girl decided she wanted to try to imitate the piece after all, though nothing is ever quite the same as something else.

And we left. A few nights later, we triumphantly lured some more classmates down to see the art object, but it was conspicuously absent from its resting place atop a wooden stand.

It was very sad.

But it went to show one thing. Something doesnt have to be beautiful to be Interesting, and. after all. it was an Innovation and perhaps a truer spark of somebodys sense of humor and creativity.

Anyway, we missed it.

Quote

Do not bite at the bait of pleasure till you know there is no hook beneath it. homas Jeffer.son.

Really

Active

Citizens

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Only yesterday it was an article of faith that we had become a sedentary population, addicted to sitting in the blead* ers while a few special performers such as Willie Mays and Mickey Mantle and the late Ernie Davis did the hard work of using their muscles. The cliche about our passivity was part of the standard kit of almost every intellectual who liked to Indulge in the sport of America baiting.

Well, certain statistics collect-ed and released recently by various associations have killed the cliche deader than a fence post. The National Recreational Association says there are 7.-5(X),IX)0 softball players and 3.-(XX>,(XX) volleyball players at large and practicing their skills. The American Camping Association comes up with the statistic that 36,(MX) ,000 people engage in recreational boating, with 7,000,000 of them owning their own craft. The National Golf Foundation informs us that some 4,000,000 persons play an average of fifteen rounds of golf a year.

All of these millitm hava been testing their physical reflexes and getting out into the open air while the White House has been entertaining the idea that nobody has any muscles any more. Maybe the 4,000,000 golfers wont walk fifty miles a day per person hr the course of whacking a ball about the links, but most of them do get around without using those power go-carts that are in favor with septuagenarians who still like to iLse an iron.

The only place, in fact, where the cult of personal strenuoslty has not taiken hold is with that curious breed of parent that has high ambitions for their young in things like ballet, modern dance and figure skating. As the husband of a modem dance teacher and the father of a couple of figure-skating daughters,

I see a good deal of the sort of parents who are tyrannical about enforcing discipline on their kids while they grow softer themselves by the hour. My preaching instinct always prompts me to tell them to get out there and dance or skats themselves. The other day. going home by train from a spring ice skating session at New Yorks Madison Square Garden. I found myself moved to this exhortatlOTi;

The mothers sit by the aids of the rink

Watching the little girls skate.

The mothers drop thiei stlU ches at the ballet school To follow the clean curves oi the arabesque.

What do the mothers think of as the young knees turn out In spreadcagle or fifth position?

The daughters, they think to themselves, shall never grow old.

The shoulders slumped, ths pehic bones .slanted to earth. The diaphragm a dead weight on the stomach.

The world, they say. shall bs

recreated

In the strong, vibrang flesh of the young.

But the daughters, seeing ths mothers in the stands of ths rink.

Or knitting in the chairs at the ballet school.

Absorb the pattern of a crar zy race. ,

Skating and dancing, they say to themselves,

Are things for the ytxmg, ts be put away with age.

And so the mothers are rob* bed of their vision Of a race purged and renewed in the young.

The young grow old by e-ample, become mothers In their turn

Sitting by the side of the rink or the ballet dancing class. The lapsed pelvic boies pressing inertly into ths thighs.

The hips burled In flesh.

(Continued on Page 6)

tury Of 'Goo(d Green Stuff

Strength For Today

Bv K.MtL I.. DOrCiLASS <;OOI) ( IlKKK

Cliiklron oi yesterday, heirs of tomorrow.

Wlial are you weaving? La-i)or and .sorrow?

Look at yonr Ukhu again! Fa.ster and fa.sler Fly Mie great .shullles prepared by tlie Master!

Lites in the loom, ilooni tor it Room!

W(' ar(' children ol yesterday and heir.s of tomorrow The acts and influences, the mislake.s and triumphs of a million years flow through our veins. Sometimes 111 a moment of baffling disclosure we seem to remember so far back in our I'xisi-cnce that we wonder whether or not it may be the entiie exi.stcncc we are lecalling.. And the future indeed we aie

heir.s of tomorrow. The little we do is but a token of what we might do. If everyone of us were to be given his or her full power we would make the geniuses of file world look like common. little people. In fact, the geniuse.s were just people like ourselves who by some happy little biological, psychological, lihysical or social tura of events became something that made the world wonder.

Life is a mystery, but there .S one thing we know about it. It IS God-made and therefore it is good. It leads somewhere. It has significance. In fact, every life has a .significance completely and absolutely its own.

Be of good cheer. These wolds were often on the lips of Jesus.

By ELMER ROESSNER

One hundred years ago, on June 20. 1863, the first national bank charters were granted by the new office of the Controller of the Currency and for the first time the United Staves had paper money that wae uniform in size, printed by the Federal government and backed by the U.S. Treasury.

The currency situation was cliaotic before Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase (the man on todays $10,000 bill) pushed through the his-xtoric National Currency Act of 186;{.

Many of the 1,500 state-chartered banks were printing and lending out their own bank notes. In consequence, about 10,000 varieties of paper money were in circulation. Many were worthless because counterfeiting wa.s easy and because some had been issued by banks no longer in existence. Some notes had been i.ssued in excessive amounts and were circulating at a discount.

j Still others were issued by co-called wildcat banks that had no intention of redeeming them. These institutions, set up mostly in frontier states, got . their name from the fact that they would locate their head

office in some part of the state so remote it was inhabited only by wildcats. The reason for this kind of location was that state laws provided the notes need be redeemed. In gold or silver, only at the banks head office, This meant the wildcat notes were exceedingly difficult to redeem and were in many instances worthless.

Tied in with the currency problem was the increasing need of a rapidly growing nation for more adequate banking facilities. For while the banks of the period, by and large, tried to serve their communities and government, many were little more than money factories. And there were some, too, whose physical manifestations consisted of nothing but a drawer in a storekeeper's shop, a country lawyer s wallet. or a till box and a ledger tended by a smart chap from back east.

TO FINANCE A WAR

Lincoln's Secretary of the Treasury wanted a banking system capable of insuring a stable currency for the whole country and of providing other basic financial services for the people and its government. And since the government then had a costly war on Its hands, he

wanted a banking system that would invest in Treasury bonds.

Under his national bank law, any group of five men could obtain a charter from the Federal government to organize a national bank if they furnished the necessary capital, invested a specified part of it in Treasury bonds, and met certain other requirements. They were then allowed to issue the new uniform national currency

created by law up to 90 per cent of the value of the bonds, and the government assumed the responsibility of paying these notes (or certificates of Indebtedness) if the bank failed.

The new law also contained

special safeguards to insure that the new banking system would be operated prudently.

All national banks, for example. were lequired to maintain adequate cash reserves and made subject to a number of carefully designed quality

controls over their lending operations. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency was set up within the Treasury Department to charter and to supervise them.

STATE CURRENCIES TAXED

The National Currency Act

soon revealed some defect! which had to b taken car# of before it could really begin doing the job Chase had in mind. It was accordingly revamped in June, 1864, and within six months almost 600 nti-tional banks were in operation.

When C(Migres8 in 1865 imposed a prohibitory tax of 10 percent on all currency Issuecl by state-chartered banks, virtually all such curricy waa forced out of circulation and an increasing number of banks came into the national banking system. By 1870 more than 1,-600 banks, representing three-fourths of the countrys banking resources, were functlimlng under national charters. In subsequent years, state-chartered banks discovered they c^d (gv-erate profitably without Issuing currency and these banka, too, continued to grow and flourish.

The Currency Act thus Inaugurated a dynamic new era of American banking progress an era in which P^erally chartered commercial banks and their state-chartered counterparts worked and moved ahead together in response to the ever growing needs of the nation for money and cre(dit to finance its growth.