Thursday, May 30, 1963

An Avenue Toward Understanding

In Peacetime, A Lonely Road

rrr r -

It should be encouraging to all citizens of Pitt County that there is in existence here a voluntary inter-racial committee dedicated to seeking harmonious human relations and equitable solutions to mutual problems between the races of this county.

It is significant that this committee has not come into being following incidents of strained relations between white and Negro citizens of the county. It is, rather, an outgrowth of the good relationship between white and Negro citizens of the county which has characterized Pitt for many years.

The committee provides another avenue for continuing to improve understanding between the races and creating even more harmonious relations l>etween all citizens. It is a positive and forward-looking step which may well spare this county much of the grief, disturbance and ill-feeling among citizens which unfortunately has befallen many communities throughout the South and some within our own state.

In too many communities the citizenry as a whole has taken the attitude that racial disturbances which occurred in other areas would not be duplicated in their own communities. They took no steps to bring about better communication, better understanding of mutual problems and exchange of ideas between the races. Positive steps were taken only after the situation had deteriorated to a serious point.

LStablishing A 2-Fold System

Fortunately, such has not been the case in Pitt County.

The period of transition which now faces the South and the nation as a whole presents a multitude of problems to all citizens of every community. For many of these problems there is n6' quick or easy solution. Citizens of the communities must recognize these mutual problems, communicate with each other and seek to provide workable solutions.

Such a committee provides a common ground, a forum, wherein there can be open discussion, an exchange of thinking, a molding of conclusions . . . before the timebombs of misunderstanding erupt into chaos.

Legislative Progress In Final Stretch Rush

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

COLLEGES A major effect of enactment of the Higher Education Act by the General Assembly is establishment of a two-fold system of comprehensive community colleges.

The word Comprehensive is Important because it embraces both the proposed community colleges and the states existing network of 20 industrial education centers, and the program enhances and strengthen both systems of uniting them.

Prior to enactment of the Higher Education bill, the community colleges and industrial education centers were going separate ways, on a paraUel course.

There were two systems, with their own functions and identities. The act brings the two systems together.

lEC The industrial education centers, already in operation. become in effect the nu-clous of the comprehensive community college program advocated and urged by many of the state's education leaders.

These centers will undergo at least one strikhig change, a broadening of function and purpose. They will assume the new role of awarding associate degrees in science in addition to the existing role of training skilled w'orkers for industry and offering vocational education to adults and youth alike. This latter role will be expanded.

The states network of lECs was started six years ago. and enrollment in the centers, located strategically across the state, reached 35,000 this year.

PURPOSE The new role of the lECs was outlined in the Carlyle Commission's findings.

There is recognition in many quarters of the state that the lECs should make available a broadened curriculum in order better to seiwe student interests and needs. It noted that in February, 1962, it was recommended that the State Board of Education make available instruction in the liberal aits in the industrial education centers.

This, in effect, was the starting point of bending the parallel paths in education together. The state's Community College act already was committed to support technical progi*ams in the community colleges.

Li rcaclng its final recommendation on comprehensive community colleges, the Carlyle Commission said the lECs and community colleges will tend to become more alike than unlike: that the perpetuation of

tw'o Increasingly similar but separate systems. . .cannot be Justified on educational nor economic grounds. . .that it will lead to undesirable competition and efficiency and economic waste.

NEW The new community colleges, buttressed by the expanded and more thoroughly developed programs in the lECs, represent one clearly tangible results of the lengthy study that went into the Higher Education act.

This Is contained in the portion of the Carlyle report which said, while there will be some expansion of existing colleges, public and private, It is most likely that new institutions will also be needed."

It cited the prospect of a total potential college - leveh enrollment of 117,700 students in North Carolina by 1970 and the fact that the state itself w'ould have to provide higher educational opportunities for 71,300 of these, or about 31.250 more students than at present.

Therefore what the Carlyle Commission recommended and the legislature enacted was a policy favoring development of one system of comprehens i v e community colleges offering university . parallel, technical-vo-cational and adult educatiwi instruction in response to local and area needs.

ACT The Higher Education Act is only a few weeks old, but already three counties Richmond, Rockingham and Moore are moving to implement the local, commuter-type community college phase of the program.

Bills have been Introduced in the legislature for these three counties under the state - local matching fund provisions of the community college plan.

If these bills for amounts of state aid up to half a million dollars each are approved, it w'ill be a faster start toward establishing the new community colleges than anticipated.

Educators genersdly are encouraged and enthusiastic about the response, and believe that success of the trial - run for the community college program Is assured. This trial, of course. Is until the next session of the General Assembly.

They believe success of the program is assured even if not a single new community college is established, simply because of the new and challenging role which has been handed to the already - established industrial education centers.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunda/ Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at E\)et Office, Oreenvlile, N. O., as second class

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I. ] I I IWI1

Legislative progress has moved forward with a leap these past few days as both houses have given approval to the huge appropriations measurewith no significant changesand has moved within striking distance of resolving other major issues.

It is evident that adjournment fever is reaching a peak among members of the legislature. It is also evident that the current General Assembly session will adjourn without action being taken on such matters of implementing the constitutional amendment providing for a uniform system of lower courts. The important question of a major state-wide school bond issue appears to have been side-tracked in pre-adjournment considerations.

Although some highway safety measures have been enacted, the overall program produced by the 1963 assembly will fall short of the proposals made by the administration and proponents of greater emphasis on highway safety. The matter of a bond issue for highway construction is another item that appears unlikely to be revived before the General Assembly adjourns.

Revision of the states laws regarding the Utilities Commission "and the regulation of utility operations in North Carolinamuch needed by the state-appears now to have been bypassed by the General Assembly, at least for this year.

It is extremely unlikely that the overall picture of the General Assembly will change between now and adjournment. Although the current legislature has made progress in some fields, it has failed in many respects to provide North Carolina with important legislation sorely needed in other fields.

Feal Dilemmas Are On Horizon

fa#-!*

By HAL BYLE

Cant Please Everybody

NEW YORK AP) - Curbstone comments of a Pavement Plato:

Are you afraid of retirement?

The dsirability of life on a penslwi seems to vary inversely with a mans age.

Many a young man of 22 or 23. a year or so out of college, is sure that retirement Is the real boon of existence. Before he has really worked up a sweat or perhaps found his true rut he is ready to turn in his white collar, put on a sport shirt, and start taking it easy.

If I had the money. Id quit at 25 or 30 at the latest, he says. I'd find plenty to occupy my mind. I wouldnt be bored.

The thought that bores him Is going to work every day for another 40 years. He feels life has turned older men into mere plow-horses and doesnt want

that to happen to him.

But to many a man of 63 or 64, the prospect of enforced retirement looms almost as a death penalty. His job that seems such a rut to younger men has become to him his only remaining valley of dream. He dreads the thought of hanging up his lunch box forever.

It is hard for him to be told that at 65 he must emerge from his long cocoon of labor and take up the freedom of a butterfly. He has long ago lost the desire to live like a butterfly. His wily remaining desire Is to stay on the job with his fellows until he dies.

Geriatricians are becoming increasingly aware of this problem as society is forcing ^ore and more men to quit at 65. Since they still have a life expectancy of 13 or more years, what can be dwie to keep those years from becoming lonely.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedy has two main personal problems ahead: how to get re-elected in 1964 and, if he is, what to do with the rest of his life when that second term ends in 1969. He would be 51 then.

But those personal problems may look rather sedate compared with the presidential dilemmas in front of him if he stays in the White House another 5 years. 7 months and 21 days.

On the personal side.

Since hes not a lawyer, appointment to the Supreme Court wouldnt be considered. He could run for Congress again he has been a member of both houses or even try for the governorship of Massachusetts.

But belhg an ex-president isn't an infUible guarantee of political success afterwards.

Andrew Johnson. Impeached by the House but acquitted by the Senate while he was president, later got elected to the Senate. That was in 1874. He died the following year after serving less than five months.

Before that he had tried for the Senate <1869) and for the House (1872) and lost both times.

John Quincy Adams, after one White House term, served in the House almost 17 years straight. During that time he sought the governorship of Massachusetts and couldnt make it.

Kennedy, like other ex-presidents, could travel or wTite his memoirs or, like Herbert Hoover. do important work for the government under special assignment from his successors in the White House.

Kennedy seems sure since he has spent his adult life in politics to have his hand in Democratic politics for a while, anyway, after stepping out as head of the party. He wont have to "woiTy about making money, he has money.

After leaving office, he could expect to live to 68 if he followed the average life-span (rf the presidents no longer living.

On the presidential side.

He hasnt had it bad as president. He has had some breathless days but they didnt pile up on him. In fact, they were

spaced apart enough to let him relax a bit between crises, like these:

The disastrous Cuban invasion. the brief scuffle with the steel industry over a price Increase, the showdown with Soviet Premier Khrushchev over missiles in Cuba, the racial disorders in Birmingham and Oxford, Miss.

There was the minor but hot and continuing 'Vietnamese war and the jumpy, jerky, deadly but cold war with communism which he Inherited but hasnt solved any more than President Eisenhower did.

He himself probably cant begin to predict how hell solve the problem with Castro In Cuba. Worse than that, in these next five years he cant even guess what hell get involved in overseas or at home.

Racial trouble in the United States, getting quieter some places, is growing more intense and violent In others. How he goes about getting equality for Negroes in the South may make or break his chances for re-election.

If he asserts strenuous leadership in the field of civil rights which he hasnt done yethe might turn Southern Democrats against him and split the party while at the same time Negroes flocked to him.

If Negroes feel he Is just rocking along, doing much less then he could, it pretty surely will be reflected in the Negroes presidential election vote.

Red China may become his worst menace overseas before 1969 because by then It may have nuclear weapons. Once it gets them. It seems certain to become aggressive. Its comparative quietness now is the quietness 0 weakness.

But anyone who thinks the Red Chinese wont try to grab all Asia, once they have the muscle, is in a dream world.

Before 1969 Khrushchev may be gone. Khrushchev can be treacherous, as he showed with tlie Cuban missiles. But in many w'ays he has been restrained and sensible. Kennedy has been able to do business with him, after a fashion.

Khrushchevs successor may be fierce and altogether differ-(Continued on Page 5)

Other Editors Saying... Skills Needed For Jobs

(Henderson Daily Dispatch)

Many jobs are going begging these days while large numbers of individuals are hunting for work. The gap is created by reason of the fact that those looking for employment are not , qualified. They lack sufficient triiining, meaning at least in part adequate education. And that comes about by reason of failure to remain In school or to go farther w'ith studies that are required and which are necessary If the Individual is to compete for remunerative occupations.

This is largely a day of specialization. The average person is not equipped to do just anything and everything. Many are either experts or nearly that In fields where their efforts have been concentrated by way of preparing for a career of service and gainful activity. Numbers of young people are lured away from high school by offers which seem unusually attractive at the moment, since they have not previously been accustomed to earning money for themselves. They fail to assess the actual loss that will accrue later by reason of too little training, and which could have been had to great advantage and profit by a few more years of educational preparation.

It is not possible to step out on the street, or even to apply at the employment office, and pick up an individual for just any sort of service. Many of those available simply are not capable of doing the type of work offered. This explaihs the breach between jobs and idle workers, and it will continue until those of the rising generation become willing to fit them

selves for jobs that are open.

The more education one acquires the greater his chainces for gainful employment. The less the individual knows, the more likely It is that he must be content with menial work and moderate income.

Boys and girls who drop out of school to accept modest positions which Ml the surface appear promising need to take a second look at their chances for future success and a career that will be satisfying to them and to those who are or may become dependent upon them for a livelihood.

It is exceedingly rare to ob-ser\'e a graduating class with as many members in it as were there when they completed grammar school and moved into high school. There are extenuating circumstances, of course, as for example the need to help support a family. Even under those circumstances the hindrances and handicaps should be carefully considered. Bright promises at the moment have a way sometimes of fading out to bring chagrin and grief when others who made the sacrifice and went the full distance forge ahead toward success and a more abundant life.

Job openings and unemployment need to be weighed against each other by those who are inclined to quit school before finishing the course. Education does pay off himdsome-ly for those who are yralng to acquire it. But it deniands hard work, even as careers later can carry far up the Iw^der only by the same process. The idea of something for nothing offers no substantial or permanent dividends.

burdensome, and full of self-

pity?

One way would be to gradually start lengthening the vacation period, and shortening the Work week. In middle age. Then a man would have the free time and energy to acquire the outside interests that could bolster him in his age. and turn him into a cheerful oldster.

A man can learn to enjoy golf at 40, but try to teach him the game at 65 and he Is Inclined to think it useless and a waste of time.

Heres the way such a plan might operate:

At 40 you give a man a flve-week vacation, at 45 a six-week vacation, at 50 a seven - week vacation, at S5 an eight - week vacation, at 60 a nine - week vacation.

At 40 you also put a man on a four-day week, at 50, a three-day week, and at 60 a two-day week. Starting at 63, hed come into the office only to pick up his paycheck.

At 65, such a fellow would no longer be too dependent on bis job. Hed have learned to do most of his wifes work around the home, and be full of enthusiasms for a iMig carefree life on a pension.

Since the work of society must be done by sMneone, however, such a plan would mean young people might have to work harder in their youth. They might have to work six days a week, and take only Mie or two weeks of vacation a year, until they had reached 40 themselves.

When I asked a number of young men whether they would be willing to make this sacrifice in order to create a hapt pier senior citizenry, they replied unanimously:

NO!

It s hard to change the rules of the game and please everybody, isnt it?

Opinions 'h Brief

As American industry girds its loins for a desperate struggle for survival in competition with Europes Common Market, its chief problem will be the eradication of the good enough philosophy that has prevailed during the past half-century. The Oregon 'Voter.

We regard a man who takes no interest in public affairs, not a.<? harmless, but as seles. Thucydides (431 B. C.)

Getting ready for a world run by women Is Just about the hardest thing a boy has to learn. Charleston (W.Va.) Daily MaU.

Plenty

Is Not

nough

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Never, in the history of the human race, have governments tried to do so much for people as In these frightening middle yeans of the Twentieth Century. And never has there been such turmoil and Inability to govern.

Whether there is a vital connection between the two sets of facts is something that cannot be proved scientifically: history, unlike a laboratory experiment, cannot be run over again. But men used to think that there were things a government should do and things that It should leave to private individuals and voluntary associations.

For example, Adam Smith, the Eighteenth Century political economist, thought that tha city or the State should limit its role to providing cleanliness and safety, protecting people against such hazards as theft, murder, legal injustices, foreign invasion, traffic accidents, firee and epidemic diseases. Cheapness or plenty, said Smith, could best be left to the busbiess enterpriser, once a clean and safe state had beea established.

We dMit as a people believe in such a hard-and-fast division of social labors anymore. The State thinks it can provide cheap and plentiful goods by mixini? In the economic process at a thousand points. It builds big dams, extends its own rural electrification Into urban regions. offers a food-stamp plan to the hungry, underwrites all sorts of make-work projects, lets people stay on relief rolls even when jobs are to be had. and gives subsidies of many kinds to busine.sses and favored economic blocs.

Now. since it Is a law of sociology that customs are slow to change, only the most doctrinaire CMiservatives think that the wdldly splurging Welfare State could be dismantled overnight. It takes time, patience, and careful organization to alter any cUmate of opinion. But the likelihood that the State will keep on trying to do a million thing for millions of people does not mean that it wUl ever succeed in doing any of them well. And one of these days it may poesibly occur to a voting majority that Mr. Dooley, the Irish-American sage, was right when he said of the State-worshipping Napoleon, He tried to do too much and did it.

The soundness of this columnist's observations about the Incompetence of the supposedly omnicompetent government might be tested by a look at our big cities. They are receiving all sorts of aid from the federal government. Blocks of slums are repped down and built up again; relief is provided unto the second and third generation of relief claimants. There Is subsidized low rent housing, and even State supported middle-lncome housings Yet, with Washington, D.C., taking the lead in the effort to supply cheapness or plenty to the populations of modem cities, our urban wildemesse get less clean and les afe aU the time.

Take New York City, for example. Just a few days ago the Park AssoclatiMi of New York made public the results of a survey of what citizens would like to have in their parks. The people whom the Park Association questioned turned in the most anginahed ort of answers. The parks, it turns out, are nowhere near as safe as the Congo when the UN and Tshwnbe were locked in bitter struggle. Robbers and muggers make them useless to strollers at night. Evmi by day people in the parks are annoyed by sex deviates or endangered by young ball players and bicycle riders who abide by no known rules of sportsmanship. As for dirt, there is the endless drift of windblown paper and, worse than this, some extremely voracious rats.

So, in the parks, the city cannot provide cleanliness and safety. The New York City Commissioner of Parks, Mr, Newbold Morris, Is a competent and humane man, a sports lover who spends hours making the circuit (if tennis courts, municipal golf links, and all the other facIUtie which the city provides. But he cant police (Continued on Page 8)

How Advertising Has Changec.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS QUESTIONS TO BE PONDERED Will our nation and the other free nations of the world reach a climax of achievement and then like Greece, Rome and other civilizations deteriorate and come at last to an Inglorious end?

Perhaps. In fact, the lesson of history would seem to be that this is at least probable. The emergence of Greek life and culture was a great miracle in the pageant of history. Romes power grew until it seemed that nothing could keep this empire from continued greatness. But Greece fell and later Rbme. One by one civilizations have risen like bright stars in the heavens and then have gone down behind the far horizon.

The historian Toynbee has pointed out that nations always declined w'hen their spir

itual life proved Ineffective or became corrupted. Rome was not conquered simply by hordes of barbarians who swept down upon it from the north. Rome went to pieces because of certain conditions within the life of the empire Itself.

In these days of comfort and national greatness we need to ask ourselves repeatedly whither we are going as a natlMi. Our churches are crowded. Oi#' government is strong and on the whole just and effective. Our leaders are men of integrity.

But crime is increasing at an atarming rate. Personal morality, according to certain studies recently made, appears to be taking a pretty definite beating.

We live in a wonderful age but in an age characterized by such problems that we need every day to ask serious questions about our nation and ourselves.

By ELMER ROESSNER How advertising has changed over the last 60 years is shown dramatically in a book published this month by Redbook Magazine to celebrate its sixtieth anniversary. The book, Sixty Years of Advertising from Red-book Magazine, reproduces ads over the years.

Most interesting, perhaps, are the ads from what Redbook calls the primitive years of 1903 to 1910. Examples:

Teeth filled by mail with our antiseptic liquid filling. Becomes instantly white and as hard as bone, lasts for years. Enough filling for 25 teeth sent for 25 cents. National Remedy Co., Hyde Park, Mass.

Red Clover is a Wonderful Discovery^ It is a great blood purifier and relaxes bowels, and removes from the system all poisMis and Impurities which cause malignant blood diseases, and thus cures rheumatism, cancer, blood poison, salt rheum, facial eruptions and aU other blood diseases.

SAVE YOUR HUSBAND Drunkards Cured Secretly

Box Sent Free. The stuff was slipped into tea, coffee, food. A testimonial from Mrs. Mami Scott of Miami, Fla., Oh, how happy I am that my husband lost all his appetite for whiskey: he now hates the sight of it and refuses to drink even when others offer it to him.

And theres an offer of One full quart of whiskey free, by the lowest priced whiskey house and the largest mail-order whiskey concern In the South, the Casper Co.. Winston-Salem, N. C. If offers four full quarts of Caspers 11 Year Old, two sample bottles, one 15 years old and (me 18 years old, a cork screw an(f a drinking glass, all for $2.95. For $5.90. Casper promised to double that amount and throw in a full quart extra. People here wouldnt adulterate if they knew how theyre too honest. the ad said.

The CartUege Co.. of Rochester, N. y., offered a system whereby short men could grow taU in securet. The Mammoth & Great Eastern Milling & Mining Co., of Chatham, Ontario.

offered the riches of gold for 10 cents a share, and the St. Paul Association of Chicago offered a home cure for morphine and opium.

The Gillette Sales Co. of Chicago offered a new idea in shaving 400 shaves without using a strope, with a new device called the safety razor. And another ad said, With one lever and two pedals you drive the Hupmobile, which was $750, f.o.b. Detroit, including three oil lamps, horn and tools. TIMES CHANGE Gradually, the advertisements improved. In the 1911-1925 period, International Correspondence Schools showed a picture of an open-ccmkpit plane with the headline, "Nothing is Impossible to Men with Ambition. The R. G. Bennett Co. offered new typewriters for $18. Paramount - Artcraft advertised. This is no night to stay home because the motion picture theater was open.

The Quaker Oats Co. advertised that we explode whole wheat Professor Andersons way.

Then In the 1926-1940 period, there were further changes, Lis-terine suggested passing over Mason, who had halitosis, and hiring Jenkins, who used Lis-terlne. An ad urged Lifebuoy because it ended B.O., which It explained meant body odor. Wildnx^ warned that men who wet hair would probably be bald at 45.

And then, from 1941 on say, thats only yesterday and the ads became sincere, clear, forthi-ight. kindly and so on.

SHORT A SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS The Duke of Edinburghs Prize for Elegant Design has been awarded to the designer of a cordless electric shaver in England. . . .Tidewater Oil has bought an interest in a West African diamond venture. . . . Backyard pool oonstructltm will match or better the 1959 record, the National Swimming Fool Institute estimates. . . More than 40 per cent of mens dothea were ready-made last year In Italy, once the world leader In hand-tailored cloihing.