Wednesday, 8, IP**

Not All That Was To Be Hoped For

Hows That For A Custom-Tailored Raincoat? t

The meaiiure passed by tjie House to curb absentee ballot abuses in the state is not all that was hoped for at the outset of the current legislative session. Restrictions it provides are not nearly as tight as those in the measure passed earlier by the Senate.

It appears, however, it is the best absentee ballot measure thab can be passed in the present legislative session. The Senate should accept the House version of the bill rather than risk continuing for another two years the present law governing use of absentee ballots.

The substitute measure passed by the Houif provides much more realistic safeguards again

Role For N.C. ''n Soace Aae

Pv Wri.I.IAM A. SHIRKS

ROLE-The aiiswrr to North Carolina 5 locical and proper role in the ape of modern space pciencr may hr as simple as T^liat to do with washday detergent.

At least. Gov. Terry Sanford Rnd his scientific advisory board think so.

It's a matter of applying new scientific knowledge and results of .space and nuclear-related research to everyday problems.

Take washday detergents for example. The obvious method of di.sposal is washing it down the drain, but it isnt that simple. Detergents remain in water, and can't be removed by ordinary means. Chemical detergents collect in ground water supplies, and the widespread Use of detergents in recent years has presented a problem of contamination, producing harmful affects.

Then, during space research, scientists developed a fabric which will scieen out detergents from a water supply. It became simply a matter of ap-pRing the basic knowledge to the problem.

PROPOSEThe povemor cited the detergent-screening problem and its solution to illus-Iralp his proposal to plunge North Carolina into fuller participation in modem science and technology.

His proposal would have a two-fold emphasis, involving:

< 11 pooling of basic research and (21 applications of discoveries and developments.

It will be a 52 million plunge, under a state appropriation asked from the General Assembly to be administeied by a proposed North Carolina Board of Science and Technology.

Sanford called the requested appropriation "seed money to launch the program which he said will be self-sustaining and fniitful in terms of Industrial development and economic enrichment.

STUDY-Sanford and his ad-vi.sors. a group of University scientists representing the best .ccirntific brain.s in the slate, have been pondering the matter of North Carolinas role in space and atomic sciences for nearly two years.

The boa 1(1 suhmlLled a pre-Ibninary report last winter, but further study and consultations preceded the governor's formal proposal and legislative request this week.

It was clear, Sanford said, that North Carolina has natural disadvantages in direct space age and space industry participation.

It Isn't likely that the slate will become a moonport. nor space launching center. Florida Is more favorable geographically. California took the lead in rocket and aircraft indusirieti, Inve.sting heavily in education and in attracting scientists, Sanford said, and now has moie than ."k) per cent of this sort of U. S. Industry.

Tran.sportation advantage.s enjoyed by the Mississippi Valley region in effect rule out this region as a center for a.s-aembling missile and spacecraft hardware.

COMPETE Fanfoi'd points out that competition for space Inriu.stry l.s keen, and many fUtes are carrying out variou.s ~1--------

program.s aimed at sharinf In the space boom economy.

We in North Carolina mis' ed out on the industrial revolution. to the detilment of our people to this day. Sanford said. We don't intend to mUa out now and be left behind,

The two years of study, h said, was devoted to finding a role which would be effective and which would put North Carolina in the forefront. Out of this lengthy study came the proposals outlined this week. The objectives are basic research. expanding of research facilities and work aimed at a broader, more effective overall program, attempting to form out own patteni. Sanford said, and secondly, application of the results of space research and technology to industrial processes and products thereby accelerating the economic growth of the region.

CHOOSE Sanford and his scientific advisors feel this direction will be open up more opportunities and produce better results than attempts to get a major federal space facility or installation to locate in North Carolina.

He pointed out that Congress has charged the National Space Agency with feeding back into private industry the scientific knowledge and technical data developed in space research. NASA chief James Webb, he said, favors a policy of limiting federal space projects to those which private enterprise cannot handle.

The structure, fact and background of North Carolina's Research Triangle in itself gave the state a built-in advantage in choosing research and application as its objectives, Sanford said.

The proposed Science and Technology Board will be centered in the Research Triangle, closely allied to the Research Triangle Institute, encouraging liaison between industry, educational institutions and federal agencies.

AEVISThe Board of Science and Technology would have 16 members with the governor acting as chairman, and Its membership would include six representatives of the University of North Carolina (at Raleigh and Chapel Hill> and Duke University. one from the RTI, one from the scientific advisory committee on atomic energy, one from the General Assembly and five from various North Carolina industries. All would be appointed by the govenior.

Its aim.s. Sanford said, would be to allocate funds for grants to engineering and technological projects, purchase of equipment and supplies, constroction of facilities and employment of consultants.

It u ould hold regular meetings to inform industry'of the possilile space and nuclear applications to accelerate growth of the .state's industrial economy, and also keep federal agencies infonried as to research and production potential of North Carolina industry and instil utions.

The board would encourage cooperation of the .state's indu.'trial ccmmunity, including industry personnel to assist in screening and identifying re-(Continued on Page 5>

The Daily Reflector

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absentee ballot abuses than the present law. It is not as strong a law as many North Carolinians would like to have, but it is far superior to what we have at present.

Action in the House of Representatives made it clear there is no hope of that body accepting many of the provisions of the bill passed in the Senate. From a practical standpoint, it is now a matter of the accepting the House version of the new absentee ballot law, or having no new absentee ballot law passed in this session of the General Assembly.

North Carolina needs greater restrictions on the use of the absentee ballot than it now has. The House measure is a ctep in the right direction. It is better that this step be taken than for nothing constructive be done toward ending absentee ballot abuses.

A few years of experience with the new law will point up its weaknesses if they exist.. The degree of absentee ballot abuse under the new law will be evident after a few years. This will pave the way for additional restrictions if they are needed.

In the meantime, however, if the Senate accepts the bill that has n%w been passed by the House, the state will be better off than it will be if it continues to operate under the present law with grossly inadequate controls on the absentee ballot.

Study Is Needed For Long Range Planning

Pitt County Commissioners should join with the city of Greenville and the Greenville Utilities Commission in the planning and zoning study o! the one-mile area surrounding the citv of Greenville.

Such a study already has received approval by Greenvilles City Council. The local Utilities Commission al.so has indicated ft will participate n ithe study that would be undertaken with the assistance of the Community Planning Division of the North Carolina Department of Conservation and Development.

The county governments participation would enable the three local government branches to divide the local co.t by thirds, with each providing approximately $7,500 to be paid over a two-year period.

Such a study i.s urgently needed if careful long-range planning for the area is to be developed. The scope of the work involved in planning for such an area is beyond the capacity of the joint city-county Planning and Zoning Commission that was established two years ago. Spokesmen for this group have pointed out to the Commissioners that the study,of the area is needed if there is to be effective planning for the development of the area.

The County Commissioners, in our .opinion, should lend their support to this effort by the financial participation that has been proposed.

limits

By JOHN ABNEY

Who Were The Pirates?

me Unreality 'n Neaotiations

Member Audit Burei'u of CinulatJon

Ail advertliiriR cqpy must be received at lea.st one day beiore publication date.

By JAMES .MARLOW

WASHINGTON <AP. One 0 the troubles with looking at a clock is that it seems convincing. The hands point to the very latest minute in the hU-toi-y 0 man.

But even as you look the second-hand is already moving into the next minute. The minutes melt into hours and the hours iiito days and years. Time begins to look unreal.

This has been the history of all the years of talking between the United States and Russia about disarmament and banning nuclear tests. There has been an unreality about them minute by minute from the beginning.

La.si week the Ru.ssians said they were a waste of time and. as if to prove it, the French two days later announced preparations to make the Tahiti Islands in the Pacific a nuclear testing center.

The fact that the United States and Russia since the war have been in a desperate contest to get ahead of each other in arms ha.s been only a minor factor in the failure of their talks. The real one was anil is di.strust.

There could be no disarmament that cither side would accept without a foolproof inspection system. They couldn't agree on that.

And. even If the negotiators agreed, the U. S. Senate could never approve stripping this country of its arms while another Communist giant, not a party to the treaty, kept on aiming.

An American - Ru.ssian agreement to ban nuclear tests could hardly work, or be approved by either side, if Red China and France were free to build and test their ow'n nuclear weapons. which Is what theyre aiming at,

But if there was an American - Russian agreement to ban nuclear tests, the two sides would still keep all their nuclear weapons unless there was an agreement to disarm. So far disarmament has been a fantasy,

Both sides have tried to make some propaganda mileage, for whatever that s worth, by presenting an appearance of willingness to disarm and stop testing.

But after all these years the rest of the world could hardly be blamed for being skeptical, particularly since the United States and Russia are skeptical of each other.

The clock grinds on and one thing melts into another.

The United States would have to be doubly skeptical about any agreement with Russia so long as Moscows ally. Red China. not a party to the agreement was free to arm and test.

The same goes for Russian skeptiCLsm about the United States so long as the American ally, France, not a party to the agreement, is free to arm and test.

To make the whole bu.siness more bizarre, the Rus.siars have reason to be equally worried about Red China, even though they're supposed to be allies.

The Chinese Communists, by their split with Moscow, have shown they are not willing to be subservient to the Russians. If they're not willing to be subservient, then they must try to be equal.

And if they become equal, they will be a menace-to the Russians as to everybody else.

To confuse matters more, w'hlle the United States talked test bans with Russia, the French were busy developing their own nuclear weapons and are preparing to test them. They won't be subordinate to the United State.s.

While the Chinese would be enough to discourage any American agreement wdth the Ru.ssians, the French would be enough to discourage any Russian agreement with the United States.

If this Isn't sufficiently fouled up. theres more;

In the midst of its talks with Ru-ssla about banning nuclear tests, the United States ha.s been (Continued on Page 5)

CAMPECHE. Mexico This Gulf coast city has a built-in magnet for pirates. In the old days the Spaniards used it as a warehouse for Items of revenue that were shipped back to the king.

They built a huge, thick-walled fort to protect the city and Sir Francis Drake, Sir Henry Morgan and several of their constituents used to sail in on dark nights to fling cannon balls at the men In the fort.

But it was a sturdy place and the pirates always got whipped just like on television.

The old fort Is still here surrounded by a lot of history, Campeche has turned from the traffic of silver and jewels for the King to Mexicos biggest shrimp fishing port.

And, as an old friend, savvy about such matters, jokingly says it now attracts another class of pirates, who are after fish.

He ha.stily add.s that most of the culprits are not really pirates but only get loused up on navigation and are caught fishing in Mexico's territorial waters.

Some time back Mr. Gonzalez de la Vega checked into a very curious situation which developed one night when a Mexican Navy patrol boat steamed up to a group of U. S. gentlemen who were netting loads of shrimp.

Hey, the Mexican yelled, what are you gujs doing In our waters?

And the U. S. shrimpers shouted back, Don't be silly. We're way out in the Gulf.

So the Mexican captain invited them to head for Campeche where authorities confiscated their fishing gear and the catch, which is according to International law.

Then some people from the U. S. Embassy in Mexico City flew here to see what was going on. And as .soon a.s they hit town they began visiting restaurants and ordering shrimp dinners.

There wa.sn't a shrimp on any menu and the manager of one of the eateries said sadly it was because of the piraics.

For Heaven's sake. said one of the Emba.ssy men. You mean they sa.l right up here and catch all your shrimp?

1

rorum

TO THE EDITOR:

The students of Rose High School are joining with nearly four hundred schools along the Ea.stern Seaboard In an effort to acquaint the public with the inhumane living and working conditions of one of the most undei privileged groups in our country the migrant workers.

Let me give you some facts about these people; 1 The migrants work 12-14 hours a day. During this time they can pick TO baskets of tomatoes at 12c each or fill about 75 100-lb. bags of potatoes at 10c a bag. 2) In 1959 the average yearly income of a migrant worker was only $911. The 2nd lowest income group earned $2,420. 3) In 19.59, 70 percent of tho.se 4.3 yrs. old or older had not received any education beyond the 4th grade. Only 5 percent had completed their education beyond the 7th grade. 4' Migrants often pay as much as $15 a week, which Is over $60 a month, for a one or two - room tarpaper shack with no running water nor sanitary facilities. 5> Money is often deducted from migrants small weekly pay for union dues for a union which does not exist. 6 Migrant workers usually lose voting rights and political Influence because

of their mobility.

Senator Harn.ron A Williams. Jr.. of New Jersey, has designed several bills to alleviate the many problems which confront the migratory worker.s. An example is Day Care Centers a bill designed to e.stablish daycare senices for children of migratory fai-mworkers.

Lenoir Rcpre.sentative Rachel Davis has introduced a bill that would set minimum standards for operating migrant labor camps in North Carolina. This would require migrant camp operators to furnish a water supply within 200 ft. of each dwelling. 35 gallons of hot water a day for each worker, one win-dow for each sleeping room, one toilet for eadi 20 workei s and other requirements. If this is what the bill would require, can you imagine the conditions under which the migrants are living now?

We are asking your wholehearted co-operation with our campaign to awaken the public to the urgent needs of these people whom the Rev. W. W. Finlator, a Raleigh BaptLst preacher, has called the lost generation of our day. Sincerely,

Miss Velma Dobson 800 Willow Street

And the restaurant manager said. No, our fishermen meet them on the high seas and sell them all the shrimp our boats have caught. The .^pirates pay better prices than the local market.

So everybody gathered aboard the Mexican patrol boat for the hearing and it started with the Mexican captain saying he caught the U. S. boats right at this point on the map which was inside Mexican waters.

The U. S. captains said hold on, they were at another point because their sounding equipment showed the water was 50 feet deep there.

And the Mexican captain asked. ' What kind of maps you fellows got It turned out that the U. S. boats were using sea charts dating back almOvSt to the days of the old pirates. And the sandy bottom of the Gulf changes constantly with tides and storms.

What was 15 miles off-shore In depth 60 years ago had moved in to about four or five miles off today. In the end, nobody knew who had been caught where so the Mexicans gave the U. S. boats back their frihing equipment but kept the catch.

Thi.s was all fine and the night before the Emgassy was to fly back to Mexico City, a pickup truck came to their hotel with 20 huge bags of iced siirimp. Compliments of the military zone commander who hear.s they couldnt find any . around the restaurants.

According to my informed friend, the Embassy party wound up with the confiscated shrimp while the U. S. fishermen had to wait outside the territorial waters to buy a good catch before they could go home.

And probably the skipper of the Mexican patrol boat Is still trying to figure out who the pirates were in this case.

Opinions in Brief

Experience has demon.strat-ed that the products of our farms and fishing grounds cannot be distributed to the consumers in the cities, towms, and rural areas throughout the country economically and cificiently under the system of federal minimum rate regulation. The solution is .-imple drop the minimum regulation. Sanford tN.C.. Herald.

io me

Claims

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Certain pundits, speculating upon the leftward drift in the recent Italian election, are now predicting a wide comeback for European leftist parties in general. They are accepting the probable emergence of Ludwig Erhard, an anti-collectivist, as the next Chancellor of West Germany, but they are nonetheless convincing themselves that Erhard will shortly be succeeded by Willy Brandt, the Socialist Mayor of West Berlin. And they are certain that Harold, Wilson. demagogic leader of the British Labor Party, wlll defeat conservative Harold Macmillan In the next English election.

Since strains evoke counter-strains. it is not at all certain that a clear victory lor European socialism is anywhere near in sight. Both iprhard and Macmillan may prove more durable than anyone now suppo.<^-es. But the forces of those w'ho are opposed to the socialist drift are obviously in for some ticklish days. The leftward lean of European politics will encourage the spiritual cousins of Willy Brandt and Harold Wilson on this side of the ocean, and the Right** meaning those who are for the traditional free pattern of American economic lifewill have to remain poised on its toes.

To remain effective, the American Right must be particularly careful not to exceed the limits of credibility in the charges It makes when It moves into battle. In the nineteen thirties In New York City, when the Communists were cultivating the so-called fellow travellers among the liberals, they used to hold long discussions about the limits of credibility. It was generally agreed among the C(Mnmunlsts that the big lie didn't matter. Thus thev did not boggle over the idiocy of saying that Communism is Twentieth Century Americanism. This sort of claim may have been a libel on the Unltr ed States in general, but it libelled no one in particular.

When a came to libelling Individuals. however, the Communists were careful, They did not say that socialist Norman Thomas wa.s a fascist; rare-ful of the limits of credibility, they merely said that Thomas s Po.sltion " made him "objectively a social fa.scist This sort of careful limitation made the Communist position seem sociologically " scientific."

Senator Joe McCarthy, when he came along to do battle with the Left, was singularly oblivious to questions of credibility. At one time he requested a memorandum from Freda Utley. a one-time Communist sym-pathler, on the career of Owen Latilmore. Mrs. Utley carefully prepared a document in which she placed Lattlmorr s own changes of line In one column and Stalin's changes In another. There were some striking parallels, but Mrs. Utley was careful not to make any allegations reflecting on Latii-mores patriotism. She let the fads speak for themselves

Well, when McCarthy came to make political use of Mri. Utley's memorandum, he ignored its scientific exactitude. And, in so doing, he exceeded the limits of credibility and thu.s helped destroy much of his effectiveness as an enemy of Communism.

Just at the moment. Senator Thomas H. Kucliel of California, a liberal Republican, is charging self-styled patriotic groups with terrifying thousands of Americans with hoaxes and lies. He particularly attacks the John Blirh Society for spreading the libel that John Foster Dulle* was a Communist agent. And the head of the Birch Society. Robert Welch. ha.s been accused of , writing worsa things about Dulless boss.

Since I have never seen any Birchlte documents alleging that the White House In Elsenhower's time was an open annex of the Kremlin. I cant vouch for the accuracy of Senator Kuchels own charges. But whether Kuchel is caieful of his own evidence w not, this question of the limits of credibility is important. To be effec-Uve in poUtlca. antl-lefiaU (Continued on Pait f$

Watch Electroluminescence

Strength For Today

By EARI. I.. 1)0UGI..\SS WATCH OUT FOR TOLERANCE We live in an age of abundant tolerance. It's the .style now to be tolerant. Nothing is so disliked today as intolerance.

There is a reason for this, of course. A dosen or more years of the Nazis with their cruel Intolerance gave us enough of that evU to last for a long time. And then, again, in free cmintrir.s especially, the abundance of comforts make as tol-emnt. With three g(sl meals a day. a roof over our heaits, a Moud job. ami an automobile we are not too anxious to go out and start a crusaite agaln.si some evil.

Intolerance l.s a hateful leall-ty. It can twl.st one's prr.swiall-ty into meanness and bitterness.

But tolerance also can become a vice. If we are tolerant of evils In our community and do nothing but shrug our shoulders over them, we are leaving undone the things we ought to do and demonstrating, as the Prt.vcr of Confe.sslon says, that there Is no health in us. If we tolerate mediocrity in ourselves, that too 1s bad. But the worst toleration we can ever exercise is toleiance toward our sins and wrukMe.s.se.s.

Life Is a stntggle. Evil Is moral Ulsea.se. If we are ever go-big to amount to anything it will take the best we have to bring us to success, Thi.s Is tnie ill school, in buslne.ss circles, In politics, in research. It is even noi-e tine in the cultivation of moial citaracter.

By ELMER R0ES8.NER

Electroluminescence is breaking out of the laboratory into commercial production and it may some day be a billion-dollar industry.

Electrolumlnc.scence Is the technique of u.sing panels of cry.stal phosphors Instead of bulbs or tubes. These crystals light up when a small amount of electric current is applied.

It Is not to be confused with phosphorescence, in which phosphor compounds reflect natural light and which, a few years ago, brought an airay of phos-phore.scent designs on auto bumpers and an even more wonderful array of little childrens garmenls. To repeat: phosphorescence Is entirely rcnected Illumination; electrolumin es~ cence is the generation of light from electric power.

ALREADY IN USE

Kh'cliolnmine.sccnre, or EL. as engineers call U, Is already In poulrnerrtal use; there may be some in your own home Glowing wall swltchplales, night llglil.s, illuminated hou.se niim-Ixu'.s and indicator.s on electric blankets and slide projectors are now often appllcation.s of EL.

Flasluug bells that protect

night workers and illuminated pointer hands on new Ford tractors are all EL devices. Some of the.se, such as night lights, take the power they need from standard electric current. In portable applications, small nickel - cadmium batteries provide the electricity that vibrates the phosphor crystals to produce light.

Now' a new device promises to multiply the u.ses of EL. A power driver, to be hooked up between the battery or other power .source and the EL panel. Is said to almost double the brightne.ss of EL lamps. The pow'er driver was developed by Madigan Electronic Corp., Carle Place, N.Y.

MANY ADVANTAGE.S

EL ptnels are aald to have many advantages over other forms of illumination. Power reqniremenls are low; panels last lonoer than most electric light hulks; there are no filaments to break; no vapors to disperse; there Is no heat and no .sudden failure. 'Ihey are almost iiule.structlble in ordinary Use.

GeiK'ial Kh'ctrie. KCA, We.st-liighuuse and Sylvauia have

been working with EL ideas. GE ha.s developed EL clock faces. It and Sylvania have also put night lights on the market. Sylvania has also developed the first flexible safety belt.

Madigan has developed an unusual exit sign. The sign will be lighted by ordinary current during normal conditlwis but if power falls, a power pack takes over and supplies the power. This will eliminate the need for emergency secondary pow-er required by many municipalities.

APPLICATIONS BROADENED

What has been done with EL Is probably small compared with what will be done in the future, especially since the power driver makes portable uses possible. This can be used on flashing .safety helmets, on life jackets, on boat hulls and as danrer signals In event of wipck.s, road obslnietlons and other hazards,

William E. Hall, Madigan ehainiian, predlct.s the use of EL marker striixs on bridges and hii'hways. in Illuminating .'pace flights, and In dramatizing radar and television pictur

es on wall-length screens.

And the most useful application of all may be imagined by you who are now reading this column.

PAUL RAND DIXON WAR.NS AGAINST SWAPPING PRICES

Some law'yers hold that exchanging price lists is not a con.spiracy to fix prices. Federal Trade Commission Paul Rand Dixon told a North Dakota audience. But, he said, if they do they are practicing an* titnfst brinkmanship.

GOVERNMENT PLANNING MINIMUM CHICKEN CON-

TENT.S

When you buy a chicken pot pie some day In the future, you may know exactly how much chicken is In It. The Department of Agriculture Is about to publish minimum poultry convens for canned boned poultry, poultiy dinners, poultiT Mow. creamed poultry, poultry a la King, poultry fricassee, poultry and noddles, poultry chop suey, poultry burgers and so on After publication, interested parties will he Riven an opportunity to object.