Tuesday, May 7, 1963

Five Officials Must Take Up Task

Greenvilles election day is all but over now. found for them. The task will not always be easy

Throughout the day voters have been streaming to for those who will hold the official positions. They

the polling places to mark their ballots for the can- must work together for the greatest good for the

didates of their choite. greatest number of people of Greenville in solving

Sometime tonight the counting of the ballots these pyoblems. will end and those who will hold office in the mu,n

The people of the city, in turn, must lend their support, their thinking and their understanding to those five who will bear the responsibility for operating the city's government. The five who are elected may not have been'the individual citizen s favorite candidates, but they will be the citys officials, and as such they will need the cooperation of the citizenry.

Today the campaign and the election end. Tomorrow five officials mustwith the cooperation of the citys citizenstake up the task of keeping Greenville moving for\vard.

It Operates On Promises!

cipal govemment for the next two years will have been determined.

Some candidates and their supporters will be elated by the outcome of todays election. Others will be disappointed that a majority of the voters didn't see it their way. But that is the way it is in a democratic election.

Today, all of those seeking office are candidates, Tomorrow, five of them will be the elected ol iicials responsible for operating the citys government for the next two years. They will be officials not iust for those who voted for them, but officials of all the citizens of Greenvilie.

As is the case with most cities of this size, Greenville faces problems now and it will continue to face new problems in the future. These problems must be met squarely. Reasonable solutions must be

Pace

Work

r

I

Of Legislature Will Intensify

now i o jjivvy p The Money?

By JOYCE WILLIAMS

RALEIGH-The General A.s-sembly seems agreed that the state should float a $100 million bond issue to finance the construction and improvement of schools. The only question now appears to be how to divvy up the money.

The last $.50^ million school bond issue, voted in 1953, has been exhausted and there still Is a serious shortage of school facilities in the .state.

That the legislature was aware of this shortage was evident in the dispatch with which the House education committee voted favorable on both bond proposals now before the Finance committee.

The bills face tougher going in the Irinance committee largely because there are two of them representing two different ways to allocate the money. and the committee must choose between them.

The first of the two bills favors the small, less populous counties. Introduced by Rep. Odell WilliamsMi of Brunswick, it would divide up $50 million on a kind of population basis, ^\ith the counties receiving varying amounts on the basis of what population range they fall into.

It is because the money would be allotted on the basis of population range, as from 25,000-100,000, that the small counties would gain under this bill. Duplin county, for example, with a population of 40,270, under the I960 census, would receive $1,-098,628, while Durham county with a population of 111,000 would receive only $1.701.795.

The WUliamson bill would allocate the remaining $50 million of a $100 million bond Issue on a basis of the average daily number of pupils in each county.

The second bill, Introduced In the House by Reps. Allen Barbee of Nash and Joe Watkins of Granville, and in the Senate by Sen. Edgar Gurganus of Martin, would divide up the entire $100 million on a basis of the average number of pupils in school daily in the various counties. Populous counties like Mecklenburg, Guilford and Forsyth stand to gain the most under this second bill.

Mecklenburg, for example, would get $5.676,978 under the second bill. Guilford would get a total of $5,040,120 and Forsyth would get $3.160.186.

Under the WUliamson bill, Uecklenburg would get only $3,455,747. Guilford, $3,153.368 and Forsyth $2,501,308.

The Williamson bill, on the other hand, would provide greater amounts for the small counties, with the smallest amount being $369.590 for Dare county. On a pupU basis, as proposed under the second bill. Dare would receive only $112,-439.

In several fields of legislation, this week of work in Raleigh will largely determine the pattern

of major legislation that will be< passed by the

General Assembly during this session.

Major break-throughs were made last week in legislation affecting the states minimum wage and the Senate redistricting measure. Now before There are arguments for both a conference committee of the Senate and Housp approaches. As Williamson sees fUp fj,. r*>n/Vnnfr rr 4.- xu .l ^ .

it. his bill is better because it /oe iar-reaching measure affecting the states

would benefit more counties. He university system that has been snagged on the

estimated 73 counties of the 100 name change for State College.

With the legislature now in its last month of activity, both the pace and the importance of its work is intensified. Major issues are being brought to the final stakes that have been postponed in committees are now coming to a head. A similar situation applies to items which are brought out of committee and onto the floors of each of the houses of the legislature.

The push toward adjournment is beginning, and the pressure for final action on some of the major obvious, Williamson legislation is mounting. Members of both the House said, that the small counties and the Senate should guard against hastv nr pv VUI get none of the proposed e<liont action dt.ring this final period of thol'

session.

in the state stood to gain by it. as compared with the 27 counties that would gain under the other bill.

Williamson also argues that the small counties deserve a break on this bill in return for being asked to go along with the Higher Education bills proposal for a string of community colleges. The community colleges would have no dormitories and would be largely for commuting students Tt is

By ALVIN TAYLOR

Today Is Our Birthright

community colleges. Yet we will have to pay taxes to finance them, despite the fact that we will not benefit from them.

Barbee's answer to the argument that the smaller counties have a small tax basis is that they also have fewer pupils than t)ie large counties and consequently need fewer schools.

Barbee pointed out that he, himself, was from a small county. as were the co-sponsors of the second bill, Watkins and Gurganus. Barbee hails from Nash, Watkins from Granville and Gurganus from Martin. All three of these counties would gain more under the Williamson bill.

But. in Barbees opinion, the Williamson bill doesnt stand a chance of getting the go-ahead from the voters in the popular referendum required on a bond Issue. Thats why he is opposed to it.

There's no point in asking the General Assembly to pass on a bond issue the public wont endorse, he said.

Barbee conceded that there probably was more support for the Williamson bill in the General Assembly, which is dominated by rural interests.

But some of these people are going to have to listen to reason and go along with a bond proposal acceptable to the voters if we are to have any kind of a bond issue, Barbee said.

Williamson as much as admits the validity of some of Barbees argument. He knows he has the votes to get his biU through.

But I think we will end up with a compromise proposal, he said. He expects the compromise to take the foriii of allocating more than half of the proceeds of a bond issue possibly up to 75 per cent on an average daily number of pupils basis.

Whether this compromise will be acceptable to the voters Is still a question, but it is probably the only way to get any kind of a school bond issue through the legislature.

It i.-i important that good major legislation is pas.sed. But it i.s also important that careful attention he given to last-minute shifts which might change a proposal from good to bad legislation.

.^lacid Image Was DisruDtec.

The Dafly Reflector

INCORPORATED

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP - From now on Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller, because of his divorce and remarriage, wiii be a controversial figure in American politics at a time when voters seem to prefer placidity to controversy.

Some people, for various reasons of their own, will now turn away from the New York governor. even though they liked hmi before and thought he would make a good president.

This reaction may or may not be strong enough, by the time the Republicans pick their presidential candidate in 1964. to prejudice Rockefellers chances for the nomination.

But by then the Republican leaders will face some other consideration, too;

1. Whether Rockefeller, despite the divorce and remarriage and some adverse reaction, looks like the only Republican able to beat President Kennedy who seems certain to seek re-election.

2. The public attitude toward Kennedy in l%4, the state of the world, the national condition, and the mood of the people.

Kennedy, a middle-of-the-road-cr like President Eisenhower, would probably be unbeatable if he were running today, not because of great successes but for .several reasons which may not be true in 1964.

Like Eisenhower, he has made a career of avoiding personal conflicts with Democrats or Republicans. He has avoided controversy so much he has even irritated some of his supporters who expected more vigorous action from him.

In short, Kennedys presidency, like Eisenhowers has been far more placid than pugnacious which is what voters at this time in American history seem to want judging from Eisenhowers high popularity and Kennedys too.

They havent shown enthusiasm for embattled figure.s when it meant choosing one for the White Hou.se.

Despite the tremendous leadership he provided, if President Truman had run agaiikst Eisenhower in 19.12 he would have had small chance against the war hero who was noted for pouring oil on troubled waters. For by then Truman had Ix'en in fierce disputes in many directions, particularly with Sen.

M.

Joseph McCarthy.

Vice President Richard Nixon, by the time he ran against Kennedy in 1962, had been a controversial figure for years. He had a knack for antagonizing people with the personal twist he gave his conflicts.

Nixons controversial history was the major factor in his defeat. Kennedy, who barely edged him out, was as mild as Eisenhower and has remained so since.

One hundred years from now sociologists may decide American voters in these years, from watching too many television Westerns, chose candidates less on issues than whether they seemed like nice guys or tough guys.

Kennedy did have some slogans in the 1960 campaign like Lets get the country moving again which were an oblique criticism, but certainly not a harsh one, of Eisenhowers presidency.

There can be no doubt that Eisenhower, if he had been constitutionally able to run for a third term and did. would have slaughtered Kennedy in 1960. The Kennedy slogan wouldnt have meant much. By then Eisenhower had had eight years in which to establish the image of himself as a calm, non-controversial man.

There are some other reasons why Kennedy would probably win easily if running tomohhow.

The country is fairly prosperous. There are no national disputes tearing the country in half. He antagonized business with his crackdown on steel in 1962 but straightened that out.

He had one big blooper to his credit the disastrous, American - backed invasion of Cuba in 1961 and one big triumph when he forced Soviet Premier Khrushchev to pull his missiles out of Cuba. In the public mind they may balance each other off.

And except for communism _ Cuba where Fidel Castro took over in Elsenhowers time, not Kennedys - the Americans immediate world Is rather quiet. True, theres fighting in Laos and Viet Nam. but thats far away and has been going on for years.

If the United States, Kennedy and the world are this placid in 1964, Kennedy will be hard to beat. But by then the world can tuni upside down.

Today the people of Greenville have done what men have died to preserve. They have done what enslaved people inwardly cry to do.

Casting a ballot is a simple matter. All that is needed Ls a little time to familiarize ones self with candidates and issues, plus a trip to the polls on election day.

It is so easy, in fact, that some of us confuse the ease with triviality. There are those who believe that theii* one vote is unimportant; that, after all. it makes little difference who serve as our leaders.

But if you cast that ballot today, you have executed your most hallowed duty as an American citizen. You have kept faith with some soldier who died on battlefields nearly 200 years ago. because he believed the colonies should be free.

You have justified the blood

spilled in the tragic War Between the States, which pitted brother against brother. If you voted today, a doughboy who never returned home from the batlefields of France undoubtedly smiled down upon you. knowing he died in vain.

The .soul of a World War II GI rests easier, if you voted today. He went off to war to fight against a Hitler who crushed the ballot boxes to maintain control.

Or perhaps your vote was in honor of a Marine who died in the hills of Korea, Though it was considered a useless war. it halted totalitarian aggression in a defenseless country.

Few people who have inhabited the world through the history of mankind have truly enjoyed the privilege of choosing their leaders as we do today. Atid our birthright should not be taken lightly. It has come to us only because blood has been

shed and those before us have been willing to die for the right to vote

Heres hoping you held your head a little higher and your heartbeat quickened as you dropped a white slip of paper in the ballot box today. It was a proud occasion, as ever election day is. For when we vote we honor every person who ever died to keep the ballot box free.

Opinions

in

3rief

Other Editors Saying. States Stadium Plans

The No. 2 Judiciary committee of the North Carolina Hou.se desenes commendation for Its decision to kill a garnishee bill which would have allowed a merchant to attach the wages of a worker for food, clothing, fuel or rent.The Wilmington Star-New s.

(Greensboro Daily News)

Give the State College Technician credit for being realistic about the self-liquidating stadium Which, under pending legislative .sanction, would be constructed at the West Raleigh unit of the Consolidated University of North Carolina. And we tioist names of the institutions concerned will not have been changed by the time this appears in print.

Ceitainly the assumption of any such obligation would call for N. C. State to go in foi' big time football, to have winning teams consistently and to attract larger crowds than it has been attracting.

As the college paper points out,

Riddick Stadium with a capacity of only 20,000 has almost never been filled. There were empty seats in the heydays of CTirlsty and Gabriel.

Carolina which has a much larger football following than State does little more than break even on its .stadium. It certainly does not make enough money on Kenan stadium to finance a loan which will run at the minimum in the vicinity of $1.000.000, and could ea.slly run into even three times that amount.

The Technician, referring to provisions of the proposed act and statements * by Qiancellor John Caldwell, is fearful, and

rightly so. that the student fees will go into the constroction and that they might be hiked if the need becomes pre.ssing. In that connection we wonder whether pledge of the full credit of the .state may not be ne-ce.ssary to guard against fiscal breakdown and a.s.sure .sales of Ixinds or .securing of a loan with which to see this major project through.

Surveying the full facts, the student publication declares that "there .seems to be no way that this last resort can be avoided. If it cannot and if a new stadium will add more to the cost of an education at State College, there is only one conclusion that can be drawn; There should be no new stadium,

Here is one instance where elders should listen to younger coun.selors. The General A.ssem-bly .should be sure that the states credit Is not Involved. It might be well, too, for proponents of the stadicm to examine the way in which Duke financed its stadium some years ago and got it virtually as a gift from stock-buying friends and alumni. State College alurhni. who have only recently flexed their political muscles and demon.strated their economic force and influence, should have become sufficiently affluent to help their alma mater out of its stadium hole.

"The governments of Denmark. Norway and Sweden have just taken a step that vould be of the greate.st .significance in mens continuing efforts to bring the whole international community under the rule of law. Meeting in Stavanger, the Defense Min-i.'-ters of the three countries have agreed to form a joint force of three thousand men to be put at the di.sfw.sal of the UN for emergency u.se. They merit warm congratulations. Christian Science Monitor.

Considering the turmoil in the Latin countries, and the malice prevailing in such as jiresent-day Cuba, its hard to believe that our earliest go at conjugation in that language was Amo, amas, amat. Nashville Banner.

The $1 State minimum wage proposal is both realistic and fair. Its enactment would help not only tens of thousands of Tar Heels who Uve at the subsistence level. It would also help the whole State.Raleigh News and Observer.

The computer is not a substitute for the human mind, human thought, human imagination. human striving, The machine has not yet overcome man. and one prays that it never wl.Sanford (N. C ) Herald.

Seeds

Sown

In 1933

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc Just thirty years ago we wei:e in the middle of what our historians call the hundred days meaning the period in which the First New Deal administration jammed through aU the crisis legislation which had been prepared by President Roosevelts Brain Trust when the election campaign was still being fought. By cwitrast. President Kennedys experience in getting the legislation he wants must seem like the hundred years, so slowly does everything now move through Congress.

In thinking back, however, to^ the days w'hen all those magic' letters - NRA, AAA, PWA, WPA. CCC were receiving swift Congressional blessing, the present hundred year pace does not particularly suffer from the contrast. For the truth Is that most of the legislation of the hundred days was sloppily conceived, jmd its legacies to the present have only served to make certain bad matters worse.

The PWA. the WPA and the (XC were temporary necessities, for some action had to be taken in 1933 to handle the un-employTnent problem. Their dubious legacy to 1963. however, Is that politicians still tend to think in WPA and CXX term.s when they should be ccaisidering far more fundamental approaches to the business of making an economy expansive enough to keep unemplojment at a mhil-mum. For example, when school drop-outs increase, throwing young people without skills on the lalxir market, all that Washington can think of doing is to pick up the drop-out kids and send them off to the woods to mark time for a couple of years. This is pure palliative. The drop - out problem actually starts with defective methoils of teaching first and second grade students how to read and it wont be solved until there is a grassroots revolution in educational theory in all the local school districts. Washington cant solve this sort of problem with money; it can be solved only by local brains.

Luckily for the economy, the Supreme Court tossed out the original NRA and AAA. But th^ NRA, with Its sectiwi 7a which guaranteed labors right to bargain collectively, had Its effect on the Wagner Act, which had to be modified by the Taft-Hart-ley Act. The First New Deal was right when it outlawed union smashing but It could have done this without saddling the economy with the sort of blunderbuss industry - wide bargaining that has kept both management and the leadership of the unions from thinking m "progress sharing terms. It has taken labor leaders thirty years to see virtues in the type of profit-sharing contract recently signed by the unions with Kaiser Steel and the American Motors Company.

As for agriculture, the First New' Deal approach still bedevils us. Every year the farm mess gets more and more unmanageable. Smce 1933 some S.')() billion has been spent ( i attempts to control the crop .surplus, and much of this money has been completely waited. The other day I started to write a column about Initter shortage but I quit when I realized I had written the same piece alxHit the same problem fifteen years agO. Nothing had changed in all that time. In writing about farm bureaucracy in.sanltles one has the feeling of the man who tossed a feather into the Grand Canyon of the Colorado and waited to hear if it made a splash. The words pour out, the splash never happens and, as ctmtrol follows control wi the farm front, the Ingenious farmers Invariably find ways of defeating all the expensively financed restraints.

So now the situation has come down to a clear choice between freedom and a new - style agricultural serfdom for the farmer. Secretary of Agriculture Or-jlle Freeman is tired of see-ftg controls disrupted by fertility. He has resolved to tell all the wheat farmers how much they may plant, how much they may harvest, and how much they may sell. Everything will go by strictly enforced permit

(Continued on Page 5)

; Battle OI The Expense Accounts

strength For Today

B\ EAKL L. DOUGLA.SS

S( Ii:\CE AM) RELIGION

Why is religion having such a hard time today?

There are many reasons, one of which Is that we are all so comfortable that we do not feel that religion could give us much more than we already have. This world and its life is so pleasant that many are not particularly interested in religious trtith, which appears to many pci.sons to deal primarily with the next world.

Probably the stiffest liody blow religion has received in tlie last thousand years is the ris(' of scientific knowiedge, Thetr i.s no conflict between st.f'iice and religion, for science

deals with matter and religion deals with spirit. Bui the scientific method of takhig everything apart, challenging old concepts, and believing only what can be expressed in a formula or seen in a test tube, has resulted in making people doubtful about religion, which cannot be so examined A barren scientific intellectu-allsm is hurting the religious faith of thousands, filling them with intellectual pride. dcsUn\--ing the things of faith. Reli-giou.s truth must be apprehend ed by faith; the scientific me-tluxls of objective rescarcli valuable as It is In its field have no place in the examination of religious truth.

Bv ELMER ROKSSNER

Even before hearings today and tomorrow on proposed lunv regulations, the Internal Revenue Service has won the battle of the expen.se accounts. Business was licked, Somewhere in the IRS, somebody out-geiieraled busine.ss I'x-ecutlves. Somebody must have thought the problem through -jirst as if he w'ere playing a chess game and as a con-.sequence, the IRS Is taking all the men.

For some time, everybody but a little old lady in Dubuque knew that there was a lot of hanky panky going on with expense accounts. Corpoiate ex ecutives were getting away with charging gallons of their personal martinis, yachting tiips, convention junkets with girl fiiends and similar wastery to expense accounts. Companies W'ere paying, even encouraging, these expenses largely because they were cheaper than l alsing salaries. A $5,0(i0-a-year expense account cost less and did more than a $10,(KM)-a-ycar raise.

NO SECKT

The expense - account siuia tion .'mcllcd from here to Bozeman.

Then the IRS, with consmate artistry, did .something about it.

First it announced atrociously severe new I'ules. To buy a diink for a prospect, an executive had to brng him around to an IRS office and have his tongue stamped witli an okay. Well, it wasnt as bad as that, but it gives .vou an idea.

There aro.se, natch, a storm of protest. Everyboiiy proved that the new rules werent workable aiul that if they w'ere en forced. American business would grind to a halt w'hlle everybody went around trying to collect leceipts for drinks, meals, shoeshines and cab Iides.

Artfully, the IRS then announced that it would modify the rules to make them bear--able. Some modifications were set forth, and dates were set for later hearings.

AWAITED RESULTS Tiren the IRS brains sat back and let business react.

It did. Terribly,

Restaurateui's screamed that they would go broke If expense-accoiintcrs w'ere restricted. Hotel men cried that vacancies were rising because suites couldn't be charged off. Cafes and nightclubs wept that their employees would starve unless ex

ecutives were allow'ed to toss away company money.

Toots Shor. famed New York salooiunan, told Congress, Now a three-drink customer is only taking tw'o drinks and the tw'o-drink man only one. It's very depresing.

Statements like that are surely having a great impact on the American hinteiland. The IRS couldnt have rallied more support for its rules if It had w'ritteu Shors statement for him.

Most of the public who heard these crocodile tears fall for the beneficiaries of night life have never been able to afford taking a client to such places as Shors, Sardis or the 21 Club.

The IRS didnt point this out It didnt have to. It just sat back and watched the sin-spots of the big cities cry because the government was drying up sucker money. The traps. Insisting they had to have that kind of money to survive, gave themselves away.

And now that final regulation? are about to bo drawn, the protests have been discounted hi advance. The IRS will write its own ticket.

The IRS is as artful as it Is

voracious.

GUARANTEE HELD TO BE A LOTTERY

Fedders Coi-p., New York, devised an ingenious method to sell air conditioners. It offeit'd $100 cash rebates if the average temperatui-e for June, July and August is 5 degrees below tlie 10-year average for the same period.

Nbc, said the Post Office Department. That offer is a lottery.

SHORT & SIGNIFICANT BITS OF BUSINESS

The SS Manhattan, the largest U. S. merchant ship, left New Orleans last month with the worlds largest cargo, 65,-5.50 tons. . .Entries are now being accepted for the 1964 Hesss Versatmty in Design Contest, by Max Hess. Allentown, Pa. . . Vending machines sold $1.2 billion worth of cigarettes last year. . .The microelectronics industry wants to be known as the integral circuit package industry. , .Printing ink salts this year should reach 800 million pounds worth $300 million, a new record, estimates Chemical Week