Thursday, March 21, 1963

Action To Implement The Policy

But Something Is Burning

On the one hand the President of the United sure, for them to mainfalfTthe' CastTO pegnne in States asserts that the Soviet government must and Cuba, but they obviously believe the advantages will get out of Cuba, that the security of the Wesv- are worth the time and money they are putting in-ern hemisphere is threatened by Soviet presence, to it.

On the other hand, the United States govern- There are indications that the Soviets are ment has officially opposed hit-and-run attacks gradually withdrawing from Cuba, but there are upon Castros Cuba _i__ ^ ^ , .. . , .

by Cuban exiles. Such raids also indications that Cuba is in a much stronger have been termed by officials as hurting rather military position now than it was at the time of

than helping the eventual overthrow of the Castro the deep crisis over missiles last falll The result

regime in Cuba. is a net gain rather than a net loss for the Soviets

These seemingly conflicting positions by the in the Western Hemisphere.

United States with regards to Cuba are confusing In spite of what the United States has done to citizens of this country and they must be even through means other than military to impose pres-more confusing to citizens of other American na- sure on Cuba, implementation of its stated policy tions looking to the United States for leadership toward Cuba has not been as clear as the word-in solving hemispheric problems. ing of that policy. It would be helpful to the posi-

The United States has stated clearly its op- tion of the United ^ates and to its hemispheric position to the regime of Fidel Castro and the com- allies if firmer action were taken to implement munists in Cuba. Its actions in connection with this the firm language used to express the U.S. posi-slated policy, however, have been neither as firm tion toward Cuba, or as clear-cut as the words in which the policy

has been Mated time and again.

It is highly doubtful that the Soviets will willingly abandon their base in the Western Hemi-shere so long as it has the strategic and the propaganda value that it now has. It is costly, to be

Overshadows Accord That Action Is Needed

3udget Believec. On Safe Grounc.

By HTIXIAM A. SHIRES BUDGET Warnings have been raised in some quarters but Governor Sanford and his top advisers believe the administra,:., ti(Mis proposed $1.8 ^ b 111 i o n budget for 1963-65 is ci safe ground.

Sanford told newsmen he saw no reason for alarm, at least not now. in the fact that the per- centage gain in revenue collections this winter declined rather sharply from a year ago.

Revenue collections are running ahead of the same period a year ago, but the percentage gain is only about a third of the approximately 15 per cent spurt that was registered in early 1%2. One analysis by the North Carolina Citizens Association concluded that the record state spending proposals might be headed for trouble.

FACED Sanford said his reports from the revenue department and other officials indicated the budget is all right right now.

He added that the projected figures contained in the budget took into account some recession, and left room for a possible slump in revenues. Actually, he said, the Advisory Budget Commission pegged its forecast of anticipated revenues on the conservative side.

He conceded that exact experience is a month to month proposition and that the economic trend is something we cant determine in this state alone.

It is virtually certain, however, that new revenue estimates and projections will be called for by the Joint Appropriations committee and subcommittees sometime in April or around the first of May.

COSTS In the meantime, more requests for big chunks of state mcHiey will be piling up In the legislature.

If all of the various additional spending proposals and Just a few of the tax-cutting ideas now before the General Assembly should be approved, on the basis of the revenue picture contained in the budget bill, things would be badly out of whack.

For example, there are additional spending requests totaling $118 million already before the Appropriations committee. And this does not take into account the proposed $200 million highway bond issue nor a promised bill for a $100 million bond issue for schools.

Neither does It take Into account such things as'a $12 mil-liwi tax relief bill Introduced by Sens. John R. Jwdan and Irwin Belk, or the governors own proposed tax relief measure which would amount to some $8 million'.

Further, there is a matter of a salary increase for non-teach

er state employes, across - the -' board, which would amount to $26 million if a 10 per cent raise is granted.

A few weeks ago there was talk that the $104 million surplus which the administration counts on being available July 1 might be more than that by enough to take care of some tax relief and perhaps even to permit at least a five per cent salary increase for state employes.

This talk is more cautious now, and there is more of a W'ait and see attitude.

The governor, for example, would not be drawTi into discussion of the tax relief and across-the-board salary increase issues at this time.

He said these are matters for the General Assembly. Ive made my recommendations, he said. Sanford, of course, reserves the right to alter his recommendations and make new ones at any time.

MEET The governor, holding his first press conference in Raleigh in six weeks, sidestepped two or three major issues the highway bond issue and rewriting of the public utilities laws simply because he wants more time to study them and get reaction.

There are sharp differences of opinion on the highway bond issue. Even the State Highway Commission itself has kept its position fairly nebulous and uncertain. Chairman Merrill Evans proposal for a $250 million issue to be voted on in April or May was In the form of a mere suggestion.

It is guessed that the governor and highway commission want it made clear that the highway txmd issue is the legislatures project, and, certainly at this point, not theirs. Sanford, In effect, promised to say later what he thinks about it.

State Treasurer Edwin Gill, who first suggested the bond issue as a method of financing highway needs, prefers a $200 million amount as a conservative figure and wie with a margin of safety.

On the Impending utilities squabble, Sanford said he wants to see how that comes along. He called it a highly complex subject and declined at this time to be drawn into the discussion.

AWAY - Sanford is thinking about holding his press conferences away from Raleigh wi a more or less regular basis of about once every three months. He mentioned specifically Asheville, where he met the Western North Carolina press In early March.

He also aiH>lsuded the very fine attitude and regional development efforts the counties west of Asheville.

Legislative discord over how to effect redis-tricting of North Carolinas senate is momentarily overshadowing the general legislative accord that the Senate must be redistricted during the current session.

The states legislature, along with most Tar Heel citizens, recognize that it is imperative that some workable solution to the matter of redistrict-ing be effected in the next few months. It has been more than 20 years since redistricting of the Senate took place. If the situation is not corrected, it is evident that the state will face court action to force the issue.

There is wide division within the legislature PATRICIA MOORE

over the six redistricting propositions which have been brought to the General Assemblys attenton.

In the hearings this week there were strong asser tions that no proposal which involved constitution al amendments should be considered. ^

It is our opinion, however, that of the propo.s- There is something we have als now before the legislature, the one offered by ^1" ^feS

Pitt Sen. Robert Lee Humber and others still offers th^gs kept hap^Sn^which the best solution to North Carolinas redistricting vented this, problem. This measure would involve a constitu- But. waittng has had its tional amendment. It would increase membership benefits. We imve found a sub-

of the Senate from the present 50 to 60 members, ^.^rch is^.^nTmely!^ to^^geT^e

It would retain existing lines of the senatorial dis- Gallant Men returned to a tricts, and it would provide that no county could television station within viewing have more than two senators. ...... distance of Greenville,. .

The proposal by Sen. Humber offers a reason- , p true that there are a able solution to the i^roblem, it offers a reasonable pe donViL"wharw?^cMT compromise for the positions of large and small understand is that when there is counties of the state and it recognizes geographic a re^y good, authentic show, as W'ell as population considerations in- providing ^ ^ taken off cmr tv? for senatorial representation.

A Shift

:We StoDDed To Wdtch

learned from a former warrior. We have found out that even college boys, supposedly so interested in their dates, used to take the girls in early so as not to miss any of this program.

Our household stopped to watch it. Almost everyone we have contacted liked the Gallant Men.

We, as a gallant womwi. wonder why we have been deprived of our privilege and what we can do to get It back.

Obvious Type Of Declaration

The Gallant Men. which is a program concerning World War II, was authentic; so we

We suppose the program was doomed because it involved a reporter. There are Just too many docUws and nurses in the world for the Poor, everj'day reporter to successfully doctor his

Other Editors Saying... ?lain Common Sense

(Washington Daily News)

The Dafly Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) What the seven presidents did at Costa Rica was so obvious it had been predicted. They issued a declaration of intenti(Mi to stop the spread of communism in this hemisphere.

What is less obvious is what they may have agreed on privately, if anything. But even the success of what they publicly announced depends on how thoroughly they carry It out.

After two days of talks President Kennedy and the presidents of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala and Panama said they agreed;

1. To make a real effort at social and economic progress in Latin America.

This, if really pursued, would deprive communism of some of its argument it can do more for the Latin - American people faster.

2. To halt the flow of Communist agents, arms and propaganda between Cuba and the Central American countries.

The United States, according to the declarati(m, ^dll give special help in this with additional air and sea surveillance and interception within territorial waters.

But while the presidents were meeting the State Department in Washington announced strong U. S. opposition to hit and run raids oa Cuba by refugees.

Lincoln White, State Department press officer, said this country has stated repeatedly that such raids do not weaken the grip of the Fidel Castro regime In Cuba. Indeed, they may strengthen it.

In the United States which backed the disastrous Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1961 intends to be firm against hit and run raids it may depress the morale of antl-Castroites inside Cuba.

The reason for White's statement seems ^ be not concern for the Castroltes In CMba but

for the Russians there. If they get hit by raiders it will mess up American - Russian relations even more.

The Russians would then do the obvious: claim the raiders came from U. S. bases and had American Instigation and support.

In Miami this week anti-Cas-tro Cuban refugees sources said two refugee groups shelled a Soviet military camp and a Soviet ship In Chiba.

The seven presidents declaration raised no threat of armed intervention by any of their countries against Castro but expressed their conviction Cuba would soon be free of him.

How theyre going to do this without direct action against him, since he is getting Russian help, backed by perhaps 15,(XX) Russian troops in Cuba. Is the No. 1 mystery of the Costa Rican conference.

So, as far as the public is concerned, its no more enlightened Ml what direct steps can be taken against Castro than it was before the meeting.

The declaratlcm did indicate earnestness on the part of the Central AmericaiT presidents to push their social and ectmomic programs through more coop-eratlOT and integration.

Five of the six Central American countries Panama is the exception but now says it wants to move closer have already had for two years a c(mimon market arrangement of their own.

Kennedy promised them a loan quickly and more help later when they get their plans further along.

Quote

A group of parents in Washington at a recent meeting took a most courageous step in saying that there should be no houseparties after the annual Junior-Senior banquet.

Todays world teUs us that any time parents buck children, they are exercising great courage.

We have no way of knowing how many houseparties are annually held after the banquet, but we have been led to believe that the number is considerable. There are a lot of angles which have been bonsid-ered in this matter, and we are sure they have been given thorough and sincere consideration.

One great consideration on the part of parents lies in the fact that if (Hie group can have such parties, then those parents who have said no are faced with the proposition from their children n^efeby ie youngsters say well. So and So Is going on a houseparty and I cant go.

Then the questitm of so much highway riding at night had to be considered. Out on River road after the Junior-Senior banquet, the road seems to be a beehive of driving activity. Wrecks could kill or maim some of those out for a good time.

Then the matter of behavior on the houseparties had to be considered. It is human nature for young folks to want to have a good time. Reports indicate that in some instances behavior has gone beycmd the realm of a good time. Not all youngsters behave themselves.

Then when houseparties have been an accepted part of Junior-Senior weekends, many children have been unable to par

ticipate either for financial reasons, reasons of not being asked for dates, or because of parental objections.

Now this decision is one the parents should make. Too many times the parents seem to expect the schools and churches to do a better Job of teaching morals, behavior, and instUUng discipline that the parents themselves at home are willing to do. This is a tragedy on everyday living.

Ordinarily this editor is usually (HI the side of the youngsters. There is no substitute for good wholesome fun, but if the time has arrived when parents feel that they should step In to avoid great heartaches later on, then wisdom and courage are both on their side.

We have discussed this matter of Junior-Senior houseparties many times with parents, with officers, and with the youngsters themselves. We want to say this, If something is now being takn away from them in their own minds, it is our responsibility to find something more wholesome to replace what Is being lost.

We are not sure yet that the decision will actually stand. A group of 1(X) parents can hardly make an iron-clad decision for a thousand parents. We must not by-pasa the boys and girls themselves. They are human; they are young; they are our children.

It has been our hope that the youngsters would make such a decision. It is comrnon tendency for a parent to say, Oh, well, my child would never do that. while at the same time admitting that all was not well in some given situation.

We owe the youngsters a certain responsibility now. Let us not fail them.

Public

?orum

TO THE EDITOR:

In reply to the Letter to the Editor in the March 11 issue of the Daily Reflector, I. as a teenager, would like to say that much of the advice given in that article is gcKxl,

Many teenagers do not know what work is, oftentimes because their parents have shielded them from it. Many expect to be shown a good time. They sit around waiting fdr a good time to walk up and slap them in the face. They must realize that it is their Job to make a good time for themselves. They must also realize, however, that life is not Just one big holiday; there is a time to help out at home. too.

A good balance between the holiday" ttH>roach and the slave approach should be achieved in each teenagers life in order for his restlessness to be stilled.

Sincerely,

(Miss) Nancy Tribky

Quote

The way to create more Jobs is to ease regulations, make it possible for business wid in- dustry to expand with the economy instead of continuidly increasing costs both in taxes and in the area of fringe benefits per employe. Santa Cruz (Calif.) Sentinel.

"n The

irena

words and experiences on public televisi(Hi.

To move (m to another subject; snoods.

We felt this was an appr(M)ri-ate topic to bring up In view of the fact that there are so many of them these days.

Snood is the proper name for those little net wind bonnets the ladies are ^wearing in lieu of scarves.

The name' being so unusual, we looked It up in the dictionary and found that it (unrwnan-tically) was the distinctive headband formerly worn by young unmarried women In Scotland and northern England. That certainly doesnt fit the modem usage.

But. the gold old dictionary, as usual, came through. In the fine print, it noted that a snood is a netlike hat or part of a hat, to bind or confine the hair.

So. . .snoods are authentic and the name la proper!

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

A c(Hnm(Mt impression is that Europeans are bettr at fundament^, or pure, science, whilf Americans excel at the business of putting basic scientific discoveries to practical use. But the reverse, in this straniie period of the'Americanization* of Europe and the Europeanization of America, is probably coming to be true.

One lndicati(Hi of the shift in scientific climate came when a British chemist. Dr. C.A. Bun-ttm, announced he was quitting a 20-year post at University CkiUege in Lond(Hi to Join the ftcidty of the University rt California. In the course of explaining hlfi reasOTiS for becoming an emigre. Dr. Bunton pointed to the widespread exodus of British physicists and chemists. They have been moving to the United States and Canada at the rate of 600 a year. The phenomenon has had the Tory peer. Lord Hailsham, sufficiently worried to make it a subject for political inquiry.

The movement of British scientists to America points to a most important conclusion; that the coodlUcHis for conducting basic research aie better in the United States than in England. This is Indeed a switch from the days when a British scientist. Michael Faraday, was elaborating the fundamental laws of electro-magnetism and the Americans, Samuel F. B. Morse and Thomas Edison were busy translating Faradays basic discoveries into such things as the commercial telegraph and the central station power house.

The change in the climate affecting basic research is more 'or leas proved by the list of , Nobel Prize winners over the years. The first Nobel Piizes for scientific discovery In physics. chemistry and medicine were given in 1901. In all the years extending from 1901 to 1930, only four Americaq scientists, Dr, Arthur Compton, Dr. Albert A. Mlchelson, Dr. T.W. Richards, ahd Dr. Robert A. Mllllkan. physlclsls wnd chemists, were honored. They joined Woodrow Wils(Hi. C. G. Dawes. Theodore Roosevelt and Elihu Root, winners of the Nobel Peace Prize, on an honor roll that was heavily w'eighted with the names of such illustrious Europeans as Albert Einsteim the discoverer of relativity, Plerr# and Marie Curie, pioneers in radium, Niels Bohr, the atomic physicist, and Sir Ernest Rutherford, the British chemist. By actual coOnt, British and C(Hitinental European physicists, chemists and medical Nobel Prize winners had an eighty-five to four lead over Americans In the 1901-1930 period.

Technically, two prize winners, Alexis Carrel and Karl Landstelner, might be called Americans, since they were living here when they got their awards. But Carrel w'as bom In France and Landstelner in Austria. A couple of Canadians and an Indian were honored in the same 1901-1930 era.

After 1930 the whole preponderance began to alter. Between 1931 and 1962 some fifty American scientists, a handful of them foreign bom. were scientific Nobel Prize winners. This compared very favorably with a total count of some eighty for the rest of the world, Russia and China Included. While the big scientific shift was going on. Americans also* began to win. more and mora Nobel Prizes for literature. There were no Americans honored for achievement in letters before 1930. But. beginning with Sinclair Lewis In that year, the rec(^iti(Hi of American writers came with increasing frequency throughout the period of the depression and in the years, subsequent to World War II. Meanwhile, (pilte a number of Americans won the Nobel Peace Prize.

The old stereotype of a United States devoid of basic intellectual interests lingers In many quarters. But the stereotype is demonstrably false. It hasnt served as an accurate descrip-tl(Mi for thirty years.

WhUe the great shift of basic intellect has been going on. another curious thing has been haw)ening: Europeans have

been behaving like old-fa.shion-ed Yankee tinkerers In applying fundamental scientific knowledge to Industrial process-(Contmued on page 5)

When a guy gets a gal out under the m(X)n, he will promise her anything under the sun. Elberton (Ga.) Star.

How The Cinch Bills Pod Ud

By ELMER ROESSNER

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS THAT EFFECrnE GUIDE The inner voice and the outer voice!

Mount Sinai and the Ten C(hti--mandments represent the outer voice. They are instructi(ms addressed to ones mind and c(m-sclence fnxn the outside. The Ten Commandments do not set forth the whole requirement of morality but only the minimum. Without these there is no goodness of (Aaracter. The Commandments c(Histitute a foundation up(Hi which a beautiful superstructure of love and good works Is built.

The inner voice Is something different. This is something from within a persons nature which teUs him whether or not he Is doing right. We may call this C(Hisclence if we care to do so, but conscience is almost as much a matter o mind as it

is of feeling. Often we have a resolute cmiscience against sMnething which we should like very much to do but which we know to be wrong.

Gods final, ultimate com-municaticHi to us is not through commandments, important as these are. God speaks His greatest message to the heart through the inner voice. We can hear this inner voice if we listen for it. We shall indeed hear it unless we have dulled our moral sensibilities to such a point that we are insensible t<) anything urging us to be better.

Heed the Cmnmandments and obey them, whether you want to do so or not. But remember that the final message of God to your heart and mind is the message of the iiuier voice. It is still, small, but unmistakable and divinely effective.

With 47 of the 50 state legislatures meeting this year, it is important for lobbyists, lawyers and voters to take a short refresher course on that old American device: the cinch bUl. Here it is:

The cinch bUl is a bit of legislatkHi offered *to squeeze some industry or corporatI(. It is offered not with any h(H)e of passage, but to force the victim to make a fat c(Hitributl(Hi to the dominant' political party or to the proponent of the bill himself.

To prove that any bit of legislation is a cinch bill would be impossible without soma device to read the mind of the legislator involved, or without a sutequent wire tap on the legislators hotel room. Neverth^ less, suspicion persists that the quaint Americaii cuztcm of cinchingnot r.llnrhing r. oer-porations with money has not departed from this earth. TRADING STAMP BILLS AN EXAMPLE

Your reporter has an ambidextrous attitude toward trading stamps. He thinks they are a gentle swindle of shoppers who. scHne way or another, pay for the premiums they get for themselves. On the other hand, he believes tjiat stamp companies and merchants have a right to offer stamps as they will, without let.

He suspects, Wit cannot prove, that some of the many anti-stamp billa introduced in legislatures this year arc close to being Wnch bUla. Many leg-Islaton, like myself, think thatt trading stamps are a tricky business but, unlike I, sincerely think the law should step In. Most of the rertrictlve blls being introduced this year are of that class.

But I cannot help wondering if aome WH someplace is not a cinch bill.

dominant partys campaign, or tosses a bundle of bills over the transom of the proponents nxn, the bill will not be pushed. But if nothing hsq>pens, stamps may be outlawed.

CASE IN POINT

I am reminded of a legislature that sat long agp and far away. The dcxnlnant party passed out the cola cinch bill privilege just as it passed out state appointments. This bill prohibited the sale of carbonated drinks containing one of the ingredients of cola drinks', perhaps caffeine.

One representative, in lieu of a Judgeship, was given the privilege of introducing the bill.

A few weeks later, the bottling company lobbyists conferred with the poUtieal leaders. The legislator, they complained, was demanding $10,000 to drop his bill instead of the $5.-

down unanimously save for the single vote of the legislator who tried to stretch $5,000 in patronage into $10,000.

U.S. WINE DttlNKiNG NEARS A GALLON A HEAD m this year ended last July. Americans drtnk almost 170 million gallons of wine, sdmost a gallon for every man, woman and child, according to figures of the Wtoe Institute. This represented an increase of more than three million gallcms over the previous year.

Three (]uarters of the wine was produced in California.

In some state, surely not v. 000 the bottlers had been pay< yours, a law will be propoed ing tor years.

to prohibit trading stamps, or to tax Umn destructively. If one low-minded company gives a few thousand dollars to the

The leaders agreed that the leglslaUMT was out of orer. The next dir th bill wu called up in the legislature and voted

HIRED HAND HAS WANDERLUST: WORKERS ON FARMS DECREASE The hired farm hand, like the cowboy, is disappearing from the American scene. In the week of February 17, there were kss than five mfllion people wiHidng on fnns. Thata 3 per cent less than a year eariier, qnd 10 per eent under the average for the month over five years.