Saturday, March 16, 1963

^ First Step Has Been Accomplished

The OUy Bird

At least one major step has been taken toward copinar -with the problem of Greenville teenagers having nowhere to go andnothing to do.

There has been a wave of public and private comment on the subject since it was brougnt to the communitys attention editorially by The Daily Reflector almost two weeks ago. There is, we think, genuine recognition on the part of adults and young people of this community that a problem does exist. There is also genuine concern among the citizenry about taking positive steps to cope with the situation.

Recognition of any problem is, of course, the' first step toward determining the reasons for its existence. If its causes can be determined, then steps may be taken to splve the problem.

The problem which faces the teenagers of Greenville is not unique to this community. It is a pro^ -rn which faces teenagers in many communities across the country, and it is a problem which many communities are moving to resolve. The fact that the problem exists is not entirely the fault of the community as a whole, its institutions or its adult population. Responsibility for the existence of the problemand for its solutionmust be shared by institutions, groups and citizens, including the teenagers themselves.

There must be recognition on the part of young people that their communities do not owe them i*eady-made entertainment for any particular part of the day or night. There must be, at the same time, recognition on the part of adults of the community that young people want to stay busy, they

An Extra Cent Eor Gasoline?

want to be active. And in spite' of what some may assert, they want guidance and help from adults of the community, individually from parents and friends, and collectively from the pattern of activities set by the daily life of the community.

If adults do not have time for the youngsters, to help them establish patterns of activities, to provide them with guidance and understanding counsel during the period in which they are growing up, the youngsters will seek companionship, guidance and activity where they can find it . . . or make it.

There must be a mutual recognition between young people and adults that they do not see the problems or possible solutions through the same eyes. Adults must recognize there is more to .providing guidance for their youngsters than saying you cant do this or you cant do that. Youngsters must understand there is more to life, more to growing up, than being entertained, going to parties, having every minute planned for them, spending money and having an automobile at their disposal.

Yes, and even things more important than staying out until at least 11 -p.m.

There must be a frank exchange of ideas between youngsters and adults, with each pointing out to the other where they might have fallen short of what is expected of them. The logical place for this to begin, of course, is In the home. From there it can move to other levels in the community.

Step one, recognition of the problem, has been achieved. Subsequent steps, isolating the causes and finding adequate solutions, must rest upon the individual and collective initiative of the adults and teenagers of this community.

You Might Want to Recall The 2-Way Vote y hal boyle

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

ISSUE An additional one cent per gall<i gasoline tax for highways looms more and more clearly on the distant political horizon as a probable issue for the states 1964 campaigns.

It is in the background now. and It is far more likely to be a matter for the 1965 Legislature to face than one for the present General Assembly.

It is something no cie wants to face at least not now.

But sources believe it will become a question for the future regardless of the fate of a proposed $200 million or $250 million highway bond issue which is the big and popular highway financing topic in the legislature right now.

The appeal of the highway bond issue centers on the theme that it can be financed without additional taxes.

BONDSResponsible officials have made it clear to the legislature. however, that while a bond issue will help it will not solve all of the states highway construction and maintenance problems.

There are a number of catches to a big highway b<xid issue that must be taken into account.

For one thing, as state highway officials have pointed out, bond revenues cannot be programmed and spent wisely light away. A big splurge hi state highway spending would be both Impractical and reckless.

Neither are there iHusi(ms about a highway bond Issue being a cure-all for the lag in the states long-range highway program, not about how much $250 mlUlcm would be able to accomplish.

Scnne officials point out that It would not go nearly as far as the 1949-50 Scott bond issue for secondary roads, simply because of Inflation and increased highway costs.

Interest costs are higher too, and a $200 mlUioii Ixxid issue to be repaid on a 20 year schedule would cost the state some $70 million in Interest.

TAXThere are those who will argue against the highway bond issue, but as a practical matter arguments against an increase in the gasoline tax are stronger.

The idea of a gasoline tax Increase is abhorrent to the present state admlnistratiwi. The 1963 General Assembly Is almost solidly against itand

is likely to remain so.

There is virtually no chance that a gas tax Increase will be suggested nor perhaps even talked about openly this year. Later perhaps, but not now.

It is so full of political implication that everybody wants to avoid and sidestep the issue at this time. Nevertheless the feeling taking definite shape Is that a gasoline tax Increase must be considered as the eventual answer to the states growing highway needs.

PROBLEMIf so, it wiU be the problem of the man who succeeds Terry Sanford as governor and that of the highway commission the next governor appoints, and that of the legislature elected in T964.

'The immediate problem Is the one of the bond issue. Sanford is gauging reaction to this, through the sounding board of the legislatures study and debate. The governor has said he is not taking part in the bond issue proposal discussion at this time.

Neither has Sanfords highway commission formally recommended and urged a bond issue, but ^rather framed it in the form of a suggestion, 'The high-level decision to do this was reached at a dinner for the Highway Commission at the governors mansion.

REACTIONThe bond figure suggested by Highway chairman Merrill Evans was $250 million$50 million more than originally discussed in the so-called Gill plan.with the extra funds earmarked for urban streets and highways.

Evans also suggested holding the bond referendum prior to sine die adjournment of the legislature. Initial legislative reaction is against this, and there are two reasons why.

One is the lack of time. There would not be enough time for a strong campaign. Legislators themselves would be unable to go back home and- campaign for the bond issue. And legislators do not want to vote for something they feel would be defeated at the polls.

Secondly, there is a fear that with the legislature still in session the voters would get the impression they were being blackjacked into approving a bond issue under the threat of an additicmal gasoline tax. Such an Impression might have a devastating iKychologicaland politicaleffect.

When the politicians start citing their voting records for this or that, or against this and that, voters might want to recall a little shindig that took place in Congress this week.

There will be at least 70 members of the House of Representatives who will be able to come up with records showing they voted for (or against, if the occasion demands) increasing the nation's defense spending and reducing the nations defense spending. Seventy members of the House voted both ways on the same bill, and they have the record of roll call vote to prove it.

The average citizen may be a little perplexed about such an incident occumng in the House. But it is obvious that it was done for political campaign purposes, more for putting something into the record for use later on than for getting on with the business at hand.

\ Citizens will find it comforting (or disturbing) to know that there are at least 70 members of the House who are both for and against iSpre spending for defense . . . and have recorded votes on a single bill to prove it.

Words Failec, Him But Twice

An Uncomplacent Lady

NEW YORK (AP) - Suc-'cess has had a very bad effect on me, said Harper Lee, smiling. Tve gotten fat but extremely uncomplacent. --------

Im running just as scared as before.

Harper Lee, 36, is the author whose first novel, a story of life in a small l^uthem town, lit up the literary world in 1960 like a lightning flash.

The novel is To K1 a Mocking Bird.

It has since sold six milli(i copies, won a Pulitzer Prize, and been made into a film recently ncmiinated for an Academy award.

Miss Lee, a sweet - faced, dark-eyed woman with a firm sense of self-discipline, is now at work on her second book at her home in Monroeville, Ala.,

where she lives with her sister. Alice, a lawyer.

I am more of a rewriter than a writer, she remarked.

- "I write at least three drafts. Ive been writing since I was a kid of 7. But I have systematically thrown away most of what I have written. It was a form of self - training.

She has found her hobby, golf, valuable as a source of inspiration.

Playing golf is the best way I know to be alone and still be doing something, she remarked. You hit a ball, think, and take a walk.

I do my thinking walking. I do my dialog, talking it out to myself."

To Miss Lee life Is a fountain, springing from the past, and she feels personally a great

Other - Editors Saying... Need An Awakening

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - Sir Winston Churchill handled the English language like a careful cabinetmaker. He turned it out in all shapes and sizes. But while it was always polished it was seldom waxed.

He gave the language of contempt the sound of sweeping out an alley. He sp(dce of Karl Marx in his hovel and of Hitler as that squalid caucus boss and butcher.

In his bad moments he used words with the Insensitivity of a headshrlnkef to diminish an opponent, as he-did when he called Ramsay MacDonald a boneless wonder. MacDonald never forgave him.

And there was wit, too. There is the story that when Parliament got a new member named Bossom and Churchill heard about it he said: What an extraordinary name. Neither one thing nor the other.

But it was in Britains most desolate time that he bought his place in history with the weapons of language and his indestructible will.

He gave his countrymen a sense of escaping from their own Calvary through a resurrection from agony when he spcrfce of lifting Hitlers curse from the brows of mankind and promised all will come right in the end.

He served an apprenticeship, self-imposed, in mastering English. He couldnt let it alone. It was a good enterprise. In the end It made him a rich man and one of the great figures of history.

When Churchill went into the calvary in 1895 he had been too miserable in everything but English to get Into a university he had no clear philosophy, little knowledge of history and probably few Ideas he hadnt Inherited.

Yet, somehow, fie developed a style. Everything he has written has had not only a sense

of life but the sound of it.

While he was in the army he was also correspondent for London newspapers and, after covering British fighting in India, Egypt and South Africa, he wrote three books about them and all were successes before he was 30.

He was better known to the British public for his dispatches on battles than he was for his soldiering. Then he became so famous, by escaping from the Boers, that he went home in 1900 and got elected to Parliament.

Hewas26the7TI"s W nowr With the exception of two years, when he was defeated, Churchill has been in Parliament since 1900. He didnt get married until he was 34. The reason seems to be he didnt have time.

He worked for a career. When he was invited to a friends house in the country for the weekend, he took books and papers with him and spend the weekend memorizing speeches. In the beginning he had to memorize them.

Words have failed him perhaps only twice in his lifetime. The first was when, deciding not to memorize any more but talk from notes, he lost the notes.

The second was in 1942 in the House of Commons when, starting to spea!: about Pierre Laval, the despised French collaborator of Hitler. Churchill .said: I am afraid I have exhausted the possibilities of the English language.

Quote

If the Democrats in the legislature still feel there arent an awful lot of Republicans in the Piedmont, they should consider the fact that a thousand of them i*ecently attended a dinner in Charlotte.The Raleigh Times.

(Washington Daily News) The technical side of the power issue today in North Carolina seems so CMnplicated that few people actually understand all the angles Involved.

In the matter of electricity, we have three big power companies Duke, Cardlna Power and Light canpany, and Virginia Electric and Power company. Then we have the Rural Electric Membership corpora-ticms fighting for at least part of the economic lives.

Here in our state right now, people being served by the three private companies ought to realize that starting from the mountains and coming East, Duke Power company furnishes electricity much more cheaply than does GvP=M,..- wbe C,P.&L. rates are much lower than VEPCO.

As a result this part of Eastern North Carolina finds Itself in a most disadvantageous pasi-tion because of high electric rates in cwnpeting with other parts of our state for industry. For instance, here in Beaufort county the Pamlico river separates C.P.&L. from VEPCO. The people and industries residing on the South side of the Pamlico river have much cheaper electric rates than those residing on the North side of the river.

In our possession right now is Information which shows that if National Spinning company of Washington had its plant located on the South side of the Pamlico river and were served by C.P.&L., its annual electric bill for 1961 would have been cheaper in the amount of $15,983.80. We are told that in 1962 the estimate of the savings would have.been about $18,000.

By the same token had National. Spinning company been

served in 1%1 by Duke Power Company, the savings would have been $19.737.70 for that year. And It is estimated that savings in 1962 would be at least $22,000 under Duke Power company rates.

It seems to us that here in Eastenr North Carolina, we are facing an almost insurmountable object in our fight for relief. So long as the State Utilities commission seems to have the attitude that its job is to serve the Utilities company first and the pet^e last, then we can expect no reflief.

When the people of Eastern North Carolina become awakened to what is happening to us and make a concerted fight for relief, then We shall get no _j*dierer~Tho legtelaHve -^wers to date seem stacked against the idea of relief. Perhaps srane token changes might be realized, but here in Eastern North Carolina it seems well nigh impossible to think in terms of outright relief just now.

If the people take It upon themselves to make a great all-out fight, then we could expect some results. The fact that the people do not understand fuUy what the fight is all about could explain their relative present indifference.

Oh. the people complain, but they do not translate their complaints into action. There are so many cross currents right now plus a lack of definite leadership in the fight that the picture seems almost hopeless.

Corrective legislation Is needed. the Utilities commission must be given the same status as utilities companies novr enjoy.

We need a good old-fashioned knock down-drag-out fight for relief. The time to wake up and get going is now.

debt to the heritage of past authors.

I don't keep up with contemporary stuff,she said. Im a late 18th and 19th century type. I think that In the South we are still in the Victorian age in swne w'ays ^ and In some ways I dont want to get out of it.

Miss Lee, who wrote most of her first novel at night after working as an airlines clerk during the day. is a good-humored but firm believer in the old-fashiCMied virtue of self-responsibility. She has no sjTnpathy for the beatnik tendency to blame wies personal plight on society.

Self-pity Ls a sin. she said.' It is a form of living suicide.

Most of us in the Western world make our owm lives. Life doesnt make us. We create our events.

You understand Harper Lee better when she tells you who are her favorite heroes.

They are, she said, the two greatest gentlemen America has produced Robert E. Lee and Tom Jefferson.

Ooinions

'n Brief

The trouble with a girl who loves a man from the bottom of her heart is that she may find room at the top for another. Elberton (Ga.) Star.

Youth today must be strong, unafraid and a better taxpayer J.ban^ liis.-_father. Dawson Coimty (Ga.) Advertiser.

Any human privilege, be it free speech or the privilege of driving an automobile, carries certain inescapable responsibilities and moral commitments on the part of individuals who exercise that privilege. The Chowan Herald.

Of course there is nq/con-nection between the two but it is beginning to appear that the M-30 dilemma is almost as difficult as the Cuban ditto.Kinston Free Press.

A wingless aircraft with a flat top-side and barrel-like bottom is being developed by the Air Force for possible use in re-entering the atmosphere at orbital speeds. 'The day may come v;hen aircraft with wings are considered as primitive and tradition-bound as buggy-shaped automobiles. Lumberton Robesonian.

V

Talking, A Good Fight .

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963, King Features , Syndicate, Inc.

There is a tendency in some quarters to scoff at those who . advocate a tougher line oir tDs festering Cuban issue as belonging to a war whoop party. meaning that they dont reaUy want to rfek anyttiffig but a lot of words in the effort to get Fidel Castro out (rf there. By implication, the war whoopers are phonies.

Well, this may cover a few people who persist in talking a good fight on Castro-Commu-nism for purely domestic yojte-getting benefit. But the attempt to divide the country Into a peace party and a phcmy war party hardly >serves to (flarlfy the problem of dealing with Communism In this hemisphere. The truth is that a lot of effective measures short of hot war could be Invoked to force Khrushchev to desist in his campaign to communize Latin America by using (hiba as the fulcrum for his subversive crowbar.

Thus it is hardly war whooping when Paul M. Heilman, former head of the American Chamber of Commerce In Havana. <rffers seven steps short of war that might serve to bring Castro to heel before an invasion of Oiba becomes necessary. First, Mr. Heilman wcrtild have us mount a counter-propaganda barrage capable of drowning out the Soviets $l(X)-milll<m-a-year campaign di-_ reeled at Latin America from a powerful new radio station near Havana. Second, he would shut off petroleum supplies to Cuba by reconstituting the blockade. Third, says Mr. Heilman, we could make vast yardage against Castro by recognizing a Cuban government in exile. Fourth, we could back such a government by giving it the material needed to step up sabotage within Cuba and to train guerilla forces for use in an eventual showdown. Fifth, we could announce that we plan to enforce the Monroe Doctrine and sixth) unite the natioo.s of the Americas behind us in this return to our oldest policy for the western hemisphere. Finally. we could withhold our largesse from any nation that plays footsie In any way with ^Jastros so-called government. We could stop approving loans to Mexico, for example, until the Mexican government ceases to give tacit encouragen^t to the Moscow-flrsters In Ha-vsma.

Another and more indirect way of fighting (Tastroism in Latin America is suggMted by the New York economist. Eliot Janeway, who has an ingenious plan for putting our foreign aid on what he calls a cwnmod-Ity basis. Mr. Jane way would have us provide Brazil, for example. with oil credits, cashable In Venezuela for oil. This would help the Venezuelan economy, which is now suffering because Soviet Russia has been raiding its international oil markets. It would also enable Brazil to get (rff the hook of barter deals with Russia and. incidentally, it would cost us no more than we are now spending In dollar aid to the Brazilian government.

Still another method of combatting Communist infiltration of Latin America has been proposed by Dr. Guillermo Belt, who was (hiban Ambassador to United States in-ppe43afts-ta days. Dr. Belt thinks that If the (Organization of American states were coUectlvdy to threaten a complete diplomatic rupture with Russia, It would force Khrushchev to take his technicians out of Cuba. For, -as Dr. Belt points out, Khrushchev needs his embassies in Latin America to serve as his spy headquarters.

Ntme of the foregoing propositions comes properly under the heading of war whooping. None of them would lead to war unless Soviet Russia is ready and willing to attack ns In which case the Kremlin wouldnt need an excuse to plunge the world Into the final conflict.

What the so-called war whoopers would have us do is to show at least as much spine as little Iceland or little Guatemala. Little Iceland recently ordered the expulsion of two Jlijs-sian diplomats for trying to bribe an Icelander to give tbqju information about the U.S. haw (Continued on page 6)

Gouble-Pay For Overtime' Plan

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS ^AITIl OF ONE MAN

There is a beautiful story in the eleventh chapter of the Gospel of Mark about blind Bartl-maeus, who as our Lord went about preaching sat by the hlghwayslde begging. And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out. and to say, \ Jesus thou son of David, have mercy wi me.-Many charged him to hold his peace but the more they bade him do so the more lu-stily he

Lord, that I might receive my sight. And Jesus said unto him. Go they way, thy faith hath made thee whole. And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus in the way. Bartlmaeus knew what he wanted only one thingsljght. It was gracious, and it was also just, that Jesus should have attributed the^ miracle to Bartlmaeus himself, Thy faith hath made thee whole! It was as though the Lord had had no share in this heajllw at all. He

cried out. Thou son of David made much of the faith of the

blind man and little of his o^ healing power. , But Bartima-eus had what it took that faith as a grain of mustard ^ seed. That was all Jesus wanted then and it Isvall he wfiuits now'. Thus arc miracles still performed.

have mercy on me.

And Jesus stood still and commanded Bartlmaeus to. be brought to him, and when this w'as done Jesus said to the blind man. What wilt thou that I should do unto thee7 And the blind man said 'unto him.

By ELMER ROESSNER

Labor leaders, flushed with viciory after their successful support of John F. Kennedy for President, promptly advanced plans for the 25-hour week. But Mr. Kennedy said no.

Unemployment was serious and it has since worsened. But Mr. Kennedy realized the United States was in direct economic competition with the communist world and that Russians are working 48 hours a week. We cant get ahead of them on a 35-hour week.

Some labor leaders were furious. They had put JFK in the White House, they said triily. and labor was entitled to rewards. such as higher pay and a shorter week. They were on hard ground: if it had not been for labor votes, Richard Mil-house Nixon might be handling the tax problem today.

A BETTER BITE

Other labor leaders were moi e practical. It made no sense to challenge JFK, they realized, because they had no place else to go if they wot, which they might not anyway. Besides there

was a better plan.

They have now unveiled it. It is the double-pay for overtime plan.

AFL-CIO leaders are talking It up now. Youll hear more about it In the next few months. Leaders will be speaking in favor of It in local and reglOTal meetings. The labor press will tell of It in terms usually reserved for the Word on Mount Sinai. Union officials and their allies will grab radio and television microphones to expound reasons why double time for overtime is the salvation of America.

GOOD ARGUMENT

Theres a persuasive aigu-ment: Unemployment Is high. There were 4,672,000 jobless in mid-Januai'y and the number rose in February.

Therefore, by increasing the overtime rate from time and a hal. to double time, employers will find it cheaper to increase the number of employees than to work A few overtime.

, Representative James G. OHara (D. Mich.) has introduced a bill in Congress requiring

employers to pay double time for all work) over 40 hours a week. The labor loLby In Washington is already urging New Frontiersmen to support the measure.

However, employers will fight the proposal bitterly.

Time-and-a-half payments for overtime, heavy though they are, are still lighter than increasing the straight - time/ staff. Hiring another worker means so much in hospitalization, Social Security taxes, insurance, workmens compensation, vacations, holidays, and other fringe benefits that it is often cheaper to pay a worker time and a hsdf than it is to add another employee.

HIRE ANOTHER MAN

AFL-CIO leaders calculate, however, that while an employer might save money by keeping a regular man on overtime at time and a half, if the rate went up to double time. It would be cheaper to hire another man, thereby reducing the number of unemployed.

The drive for doqble - time majr become ah important issue

of the year. Employers may profit by studying their own situation immediately. They may find that rescheduling work will reduce the prospects of overtime, or they may find that adding a man now may reduce the cost of overtime, regardless of its rate.

SHORT & SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS An Oregon dealer finds that selling appliances to schools swells sales in what would otherwise be slack time. . .A Minneapolis dealer prices items at $11.95 for WOTfien and $12 for men. explaining to puzzled customers thft men iHiy by logic and women' by emotion. . .Argentinas tea production is rising from nothing to close to 12 million pounds a year. The U.S., Britain and the Netherlands are the principle buyers. . .The U. S government thinks there is an opportunity in establishing a furniture fartory in Thalln(l. For information, write Burean of International Commerce. Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D. C.

.1 I. I