Saturday, February 2?, 106o

Changes Should Be Constructive

Fm Disappointed In You-

Action taken by the 19G.3 legiislature on the states compulsory auto liability insurance program should be of a constructive nature designed to strengthen the protection afforded Tar Heels under the program.

Although there have been forecasts of efforts by a few groups to have the compulsory insurance law repealed, it is our opinion that the vast majority of the legislators as well as other citizens of the state recognize the value of the present law.

Xt rn ay 1) heTpf uT fd m ake se v e ra t minor a me rvd-nients to the existing law, but it would be a grave ntistake for North Carolina and its people if the law were stricken from the books of the state.

Although the law has been the subject of much criticism for allegedly causing an increase in the cost of auto liability insurance, the records of other states show that North Carolina continues to occupy a favorable position in the cost of auto liability insurance. Its rates, by and large, are still consid('i-ably lower than many other states which do not have such a compulsory insurance program.

And there can be no question about the fact that the compulsory insurance law has afforded North Carolinians much greater protection in cases of highway accidents or injuries than they had at any time prior to the enactment of the present law.

The legislature may come up with means of improving the present law, but certainly it should not seriously entertain proposals to abolish the compulsory insurance program.

Their Work Requires Risks At No Extra Pay

- \ thought youD

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r

7he Cold War

Jnnaliy hrupted

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

WHITEIt was bound to come. The cold war between Sen. Thomas J. White and the legislative press corps finally spilled onto the floor of the State Senate.

This has heretofore been one of the most talked-about situations of the 1963 se.ssion, arising from Whites position of prominence and leadership both in the General As.sembly and as chairman of the Legislative Building Commission.

There has been an atmosphere of some tension, if not anlmoslfiy. White denied the latter, but conceded that he i* cast frequently in the role of serving as the loyal Opposition to the press. Sometimes, he said, he doesnt mind this role.

White himself chase to speak publicly about it. before the Senate and packed gallery. It was sort of a calm and deliberate retaliation, sometimes Joking, sometimes cutting and not without traces of irritation.

SPEECH The senator for Kinston chose, in effect, to lecture the legislative press coips and voice his feelings on several Issues Involving the new'spaper-men.

He denied animosity. By and large, he said, the members of the press are my friends, some of them my close friends.

But at the same time he made no attempt to conceal some of his recurring differences with the press.

It came out during Whites 10 minute speech for his bill to give an official name to the new state legislative building Whites own pet project as chairman of the building commission.

He referred first to criticism, ostensibly both of the $6.2 million building itself and to the name proposed in his bill introduced on the first day of the session, State Legislative Building.

The building, he said will endure despite criticism. Whatever name it is given, by whatever name it is called, it will serve the state, he said. The building will survive. . .it will be here and it will take care of Itself.

Its critics, he said, will be In their graves, but the building wiU be here.

NAMEHe Is not, he said, the author of the term proposed as the official name. But he said he favors it for logical reasons. It Is In truth and in fact designed to be and built to be a legislative building.

White then accused the leg-Isatlve reporters of attempting to be cute and of hoping to please their editors by being

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]\Iost Tir\v~ehTdr"ce are fully aware

they put their lives on the line each day or night they report to work.

It takes an incident such as the one here Thursday night to make the public aware of the potential danger which may lie one step ahead of any officer as he pounds his beat.

Greenville Policeman Billy McGee Coggins is recovering in Pitt Memorial Hospital from bull't wounds suffered in the gun battle Thursday night. The man he was attempting to take into custod:- for suspected safe robbery died of wounds shortly after the shooting.

It is a rare incident when an officer in Greenville becomes engaged in a gun battle with a suspected law breaker. Rare as the incident may be, however, it could happen to any officer at any hour of the day or night.

Routine as the officers duty may seem r.t timeswalking along the sidewalk or riding in a

cute."

He ticked off a list of the names and terms used facetiouslynames such as Tom's White Elephant. "Tea House of the August Moon Men, "Sanford's Seraglio, Hodges Hodge-podge." and Whammy Whites Whangdoodle,"

They may call it what they wisln but in the scheme of things it has to have an official name, he said.

PRESS Even then White wasn't through. The dispute over privileges for the working press on the floor of the Senate came up, and White voiced his view plainly on this.

The Building Commission, he said, had not presumed certain legislative prerogatives, such as installation of automatic voting machinery. Nor, he added, did it presume to provide space on the floor of this Senate, nor on the floor of the House, for people who have no business being there.

A -couple -of final -licks came later. Sen. Henry G. Shelton of Edgecombe sent up an amendment to name the building the State House. It is shorter. ea.s-ier and might have a better effect, Shelton said.

VOTESheltons amendmont was defeated, by voice vote, after persua.sive arguments by another member of the Building Commission, Sen. Robert Morgan of Cleveland, and after White took the floor again to oppose it. Whites bill then was approved.

This time, White implied dishonesty on the part of the editors whom he said referred to the dictionary definition of State House and if they had wished to be completely honest he said, would have also given a second definition.

REMARKS To emphasize and dramatizjt' his remarks. White spoke from the lectern in the well of the Senate on behalf of his bill. It was the first time the lecteni was used .since the opening of the session.

Sheltons amendment also brought on the first semblance of debatealbeit mildthus far in the Senate.

White wound up his speech for his bill with a parting shot at the reporters upstairs in the press gallery and pointedly referred to the dowTistairs press lounge, space adjoining the press room designated as a lounge which thus far is rarely used.

If it wa.s not perhaps sacrilegious. White said, a placard might be placed in the press lounge as a reminder to the press and. he said it could read the multitudes could not .see Jesus for the pre.s.s.

patrol carthere is always the element of danger. There is always the risk of that sudden situation in which he may have to risk his life in the line of duty. The danger brings them no extra pay, nc medals, no special consideration. Its part of the job.

\Vere thankful there are men in this and othfi communities who are willing to take the peitsonpl risks for the sake of the safety and welfarfe of their fellow citizens.

Where'

By JOHN ABNEY

Somebody-Has T o Remain Cooi

Annual Hero-For-A-Day

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP> Once more many members of Congress get emotional about Cuba without knowing all the facts. And once more President Kennedy has to stay cool to learn the facts in order to make intelligent decisions.

The American shrimp boat Ala, drifting with engine trouble in mternational waters between Cuba and the Uhired States, was attacked late Wednesday by two Russian - built MIGs from (Juba. Neither the ship nor the two-man crew was hit.

Rockets or machineguns were used. Machineguns, the two men said. Sen. John Sparkman, D-Ala., said it might be significant that the boat had no flags and no marks of identification that were apparent.

Kennedy told his news conference Thursday he wants to leani:

Whether the MIG pilots were Rus.sians or Cubans: whether

they attacked on their own or were ordered to by the government of Cuba where he says 17.0(X) Russian troops are stationed: and whether this was an isolated case or part of a Communl'^t policy.

Once before in Ihfil after four American commercial airliners had been hijacked, and three of them landed in Cuba there were demands in Congress for drastic American action. Kennedy had to play it cool then. too.

As it turned out. none of the hijackers was a Cuban and, so far as was knouii, Fidel Ca.s-tro had nothing to do with the events. Similar demands were made in Congress Thursday before it could be learned whether the MIG pilots knew the unmarked shrimper was an American boat or w'hy the attack was made. Some of the demands were for hot pursuit.

If Kennedy orders hot pursuit. American planes which came upon a similar incident in tlie future would pursue and shoot down the MIGs cvqti if it meant chasing them into their bases in Cuba to do it.

As Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara demonstrated recently on television - - with aerial photographs - the Cubans have not been bothering Am^rican planes which arc now flying over Cuba to take pic-ture.s.

But if American fighter planes went in over Cuba to .shoot down Cuban plane.s, they probably would be fired on and .so would the nonfighter American planes on photographic mis.sions. Then what?

Yet, Sen. Richard Rus.sell, D-Ga.. one of the most important men in Congress as chairman of the Armed Services Committee, was one of tho.se advocating hot pursuit " although he admitted he didn't think the MIG pilots knew they were attacking an American boat.

To prevent this whole Imsine.ss

from getting out of hand and leading through hot pursuit to an incident which could mean war Kennedy has done two things until he can be sure of the facts:

1. He ordered American military planes to shoot-if-necessary against MIGs making any similar future attacks on American vessels.

2. He will try to find out why anii by whom the attack was made on the Ala.

The President said he would refrain, pending further information from pinning the blame for the episode on the Soviet government which only Saturday said it would remove a batch of its troops from Cuba.

Kennedy said the planes came from Cuba and therefore, uless the Soviet Union should claim they were flying them, we would hold the (Jubans responsible.

Even If the pilots were Ciu bans, and not Russians, there would still remain this vital question: Did they act on their own or on orders? The White House said a strong protest ha.s been made to Castros government.

Kennedy said I would think that when we have got a clearer pattern, then we could make a judgment on whether hot pursuit should be carried out to the shores of Cuba."

In 1961, while three of the four hijacked American planes were landed in Cuba, 24 of Castro's planes were hijacked by escaping Cubans and landed in the United States.

The last of the hijacked American planes landed in Cuba was an airliner with 81 persons aboaid. Castro returned the plane and the passengers.

But. before they knew what he was going to do. Sens. Strom Thurmond. D-S. C.. and Barry Goldwater, R-Ariz.. w' a n t e d Kennedy to order the plane returned within 24 hours or, although Castro had nothing to do With the hijacking, and send U. S. forces into Cuba. Kennedy .stayed calm. There have been no more hijackings.

MEXICO CITY One of the top annual sporting events in this city is the Race of the Panaderos. It does not have the flashy social atmosphere you find with the steeds at the Hipdromo Race Track but it is very emotional.

And aside from the excitement of witnessing heated competition, the spectators are entertained with occasional im-prompt boxing matches.

Some observers consider the panaderos race a mild form of civil war.

A panadero is a gentleman who delivers bread stacked in a .Jbuge. bake_t .bakncedm^ head while he rides a bicycle. He is naturally a fearless person as he rides his bike through Mexico City traffic.

One of the favorite pastimes of motorists is to sneak up behind a panadero pedaling along with .50 pounds of rolls-vvobbling atop his cranium. Then BLAST the hom at him.

If he jumps or turas his head suddenly well. For this reason, panaderos do not like motorists. And they do not like bus drivers who pass close enough for schoolboys to reach and snatch rolls from the ba.s-kets.

For 364 days, the panadero has a bad time. On the day of

the race he Is a national hero. People fight over him and shout words of encouragement from the sidelines.

Newspapers publish pictures of him and quote his words. It Is a great occasion for the panadero because he has to live on this glory for a full year of horn-honking and roll-snatching.

So on this particular day. thcip were around .50 bread-boys with their bikes and heavy basket.s lined up at the starting post. More than a ton of hard rolls.

The starter's gun failed to file and one of the contestants -Httwd - Rt see what happened. He lost his bread all over the track.

The gun went off on the second try and two others fell over the fallen panadero. The rest were off to a wobbly start crunching over the layer of rolls.

Officials and track attendants grabbed the 4-foot-wide baskets, bikes and raked the rolls quickly to one side. At the turn there was an enormous pile - up when several riders collided.

Half - way around, a spectator to.ssed a .stick that caught in the wheel of a bike and dumped more bread. Three pan-adero.s ran into 'the wreckage and went down. At the same

time the first bout of fisticuffs occurred.

The favorite, a dignified gentleman named Bimbo (after a popular brand of bread', was two lengths ahead of the field and widening - the gap rapidly.

Collision followed colli.-ion as his rivals tried to cut close on the turns to pa.ss.

Half a ton of rolls were strewn like giant hailstones around the track, .^fter a few laps Bimbo tx'gan to .slow down. An unknown named Bolillo, ai 10-1 odds, pu.shed through and almost passed hint on two tuni.s but Bimho squeezed him out.

The next turn. Bolillo gave a wild exhibition of pedaling and shot to the outside to lake the lead. Almost. He came too close to the fence and an ami .shot from the crowd to yank him off his bike.

Somebody said labn- it was a bookmaker and that he was carried out. with the odds at JO-1.

Anyhow. Bimbo made it across the line a couple of feet ahead of number two. Five finished the race intact. Bimlx> got his trophy .and sat down to gel his wind, looking like he had just climbed Mt. Everest.

Other Editors Saying... Campaign Preliminaries

After a while he stood up and .said he reckoned he would ride home and have lunch. Soup, meat and tortillas, naturally He won't permit bread on the table.

(Henderson Dispatch)

Quote

When taxe.s confiscate carn-ing.s, when governmental regulation makes risk unprofitble, when employment regulations impose artificial restrictions that raise costs and reduce productivity, we find good rea-.sons for employers to be discouraged and emplovment to be reduced. Chattanooga News-Free Press.

Oddly enough, neither of the three prospective guberaatorial candidates in 1964 who are more frequently mentioned is a member of the current General Assembly. whereas all three of tho.se w1io are ai'.xious to make the race for lieutenant governor are now serving in the State Senate.

For Governor there are Bert Bennett, of Winston - Salem, party chairaian: Dr. I. Beverly Lake of Raleigh, and Dr. Jordan of Cedar Falls, brother of Senator B. Everett Jordan. Prospects for lieutenant governor are Lunsford Crew of Roanoke Rapids. John R. Jordan of Ra-leigji and Thomas J. White of Kinston, all members of the Senate.

As of the moment there appears to be more talk about the No. 2 office than the top prize. That is because the Legislature has just convened. And there will be a I'isilJgL crescendo a.s the w'eeks wear on. Activity of the three senators may be expected to revolve around the po-iitical effect on their bid next year, assuming that they will be in the race.

It looks more and more like Dr. Lake will make another try for goveraor. He has not in so many words committed himself, but has come close to it. Ben

nett and Dr. Jordan are still trying to make up their minds.

It IS just possible that the next governor and the next lieutenant goveraor will come from these respective groups. There could be dark horses later, of c ourse, but as of now they are pretty dark indeed. Trial bal-lopns in behalf of this or that aspirant have thus far created less than a sensation across the State.

If the old east - west rotation is still to be respected, it is the year for the west to furnish the goveraor, and Bennett is farther toward that end of the State than either Jordan or Lake. What is east and what is west is sometimes debatable. It is noticeable, however, that all three senators mentioned for the No. 2 job are from the east. That may have some significance.

The w'eeks and months ahead for the Legislature will afford opportunity for moves by these potential ca,ndidates. And by the end of the .session some definite announcements will probably he forthcoming as the 1964 primary draws ever nearer. Y o u don't nin for such high offices overnight. Lengthy campaigns are necessary. In the past, formal entries have not been uncommon a.s far in advance of the primary as pight or nine months, or even a year.

Opinions '.'.n Brief

"The success tag which mo.~t communities put upon the man who makes big money in ,*:hort time, without any discriminating judgment as to the methods involved, is enough to make the average teen-ager believe that the volume of cash is almost everything that counts.

Orangeburg S.C.) 'Times & Democrat.

"See where the Federal Communications Commission is to inve.stigate the loud commercials on radio and 'TV. Tliat's not necessary. If anybody objects to loud corfimer-cials he ought to get up and go to the refrigerator to get a drink and a snack like the rest of us do.Pike County (Ga.) Journal.

"A library for legislators is necessary to help the new legislative building measure up to its potential in usefulness, After all, the building is a place for members of the Assembly to work and not merely a showplace. The Durham Herald.

He Put

Hear

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright. 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

February is the month in which w'e praise famous men. The assumption is that we need heroes to lift the masses out of themselves and td raise standards to which the wise and the honest may repair. I do not for a moment doubt the need for heroes. Nevertheless, there is a disconcerting bit of truth encapsulated In that old Chinese saying, A great man is a public calamity.

Many of our modern crop of great men have indeed been public calamities. Hitler, Mussolini. Lenin, Stalin, Castro, Mao Tse-tung the list of great men who have used their talents in murderous ways is too long to be overlooked. Better if u c h heroes had never been born.

To be something more than a public calamity, the great man must respect the human personality as an end, not as a means. Americans rightly revere Abraham Lincoln and George Washington because their greatnes.s was not tinged with megalomania. Greatness was something they shouldered, not because they wanted to be great, but because they had jobs to do. They did not stoop to use people as means if such use wa.*^ likely to tend in any way to degrade them as human beins^.

The really distinguishing thing about Washington, in particular, is that, like Winston Churchill, he was alw'ays willing to go out of office. His acres at Mt. Vernon. with its broad view' of the Potomac River, were his abiding passion. and he a 1 w a y ,s longed to get back to them. The truth Is that he regarded business the private enterprise that is now derided by Leftlst.s as actually far more Interesting than politics or the military life. In Washington's philosophy .soldiering was something to be pursued luidcr the whip of necessity; one took up one'.s sword imder dure.ss, to help preserve or restore a situation in which one could go back to private life on unmolested teim.s.

What tends to get last out of our .standard history b<x)ks Is tlie fact that Washington was perhaps the greatest buslne.ss man of his day. He had the In-,^tincts of a land developer and a modem commercial farmer, and he was also the most prominent flour miller of his time. The day after he had resigned as Commander - in - (Jhlef of tlie successful American Army in 1783 Washington was back In Mt. Veraon. actively picking up I lie reins of practical bustaess affairs that he had dropped some seven years before. The minute he had his farm in order he w as up and off on a tour of the upper Potomac River and acros.s the Alleghenies to the Monong-aht la,

H.' had invested ten thousand dollars in stock of the Potomac Company, which proposed to connect the seaboard and the western rivers by a system of locks and canals. He owned title to lands In Pennsylvania, western New York. Kentucky and Ohio as well as In THrgin-ia. and in his will, a remarkable document, he recommended that his executors not. . . l3e precipitate In disposing of the landed property. . .experience having fully evinced that the price of land (especially above the Falls of the Rivers & on the Western Waters) have been progressively rising, and cannot be long checked in Its increasing value. , .

As an engineer - business man before the Revolution, Washington had organized a company to drain the Great Dismal Swamp in back of Norfolk, Va., and for five years of his Ufe he .spent most of his energies as active manager of the enter-piTse. The business was a most profitable one. After his death his executors collected some $18.(X)0 in dividends on It In the years between 1810 and 1825, and they finally sold WashlngtcHia share in the company to Bush-rod Washington, a neptew, for $12.100.

While he was busy wttb his engineering and land development projects Washington was also performing all sorts of experiments in scientific agriculture and hi the milling of superfine flour. He was one of the first farmers in America to grow alfalfa to be plowed under as a green manure"; he quit tobacco farming In disgust, because it was Impoverishing Ms soil; he established three flour mills. selling the product throughout the colonies and in the West Indies; and he held a (Continued on page six)

"An Atlanta man who

sma.shed a jukebox in a restaurant was adjudged in.sane. At time.s a lot of us are crazy to do that.Fort Mvers (Pla.) News-Prc.ss.

r

.r'ew Hands,' i remendous Power

By ELMER ROESSNER

Strength For Today

By EARL L. D01T.LAS.S

THOU ART THE MAN'

King David Is one of the greatest figures in the Bible. He was a man whom Gal loved. His tah'nt.s were .so extensive that 1h' was luler, military leader, poet, and musician.

He was also in most ways a saint, yet he committed one of th(' most outrageous crimes recorded in the Bible he stole another man's wife, namely Bathsheba, wife of Uriah the Hittito. He tried in vain to cover his guilt, and when he found this impd.ssible ho sent a secret message to the general in command on his armies commanding that Uriah, the husband whom he had betrayed, bt' placed in th(' forefront of the battle, and that the troops retire from him and allow him to be

killed. And this was done.

Nathan, a great prophet who feared nothing but God and sin, appeared before David and asked what should be done to a rich man who had stolen a poor man's ew'e lamb. David was enraged. As the Lord liveth, he cried, the man who hath done this shall surely die. And Nathans quiet rejoinder was "Thou are the man.

Even the saints fall at times. Every one of us is capable of some henious evil and could easily fall Into it. We need the grace of God ever to sustain, strengthen', guide, and enlighten us. No man is sufficient unto himself. Without God and His continuing ministry of grace we are lost.

The words Thou art the man" often rise up to rebuke and challenge us.

The fund managers, a comparatively small group of men, control more than $1.50 billion of the capital of the United States.

These men, mostly bankers and relatively few wealthy in their own right, have in the aggregate a tremendous power.

Should a large number of them decide, for example, that real estate offered the promise of greatest returns to the foreseeable future, they could generate a boom that would make the groatest of the Florida booms look mUd. If a majority of them should decide that common stocks have little future, they could plunge the country into a worse depression than that of 1929

Fortunately for thf rest of the countiT. they do not tend to agree. Fortunately, too. many operate under re.strictions that show or limit their actions.

LATENT DANGER

But there still remains the

danger that these funds could accelerate any movement in se-( urilie.i. For example; if a certain group of .stocks started to drop sharply, managers of funds holding shares on this group might feel, quite correctly, that it was their duty to sell before further los.ses occurred. Then an avalanche of selling might force prices down, increasing the los.ses for all holders.

mutual funds, very largely In common stocks. A 1960 e.stimate put the total of a.sset.s of charitable, educational and other foundations at $11.5 billion.

The total holdings of these powerful funds are difficult to estimate. A 1959 survey of pension funds indicated they totaled more than $40 billion and were increasing by $4 billion a year. In 19.58, the American Bankers Association made a survey of personal trusts controlled by member banks, and found the total almost $.50 billion. Of this amount more than 60 per cent was invested in common stocks.

bn top of this, there Is. as of recent estimate, $20 billion in

TOTAL RLSES

A.ssuming a continuation of recent growth -- and. note well, this is largely guesswork-here' is the fund scorecard today;

In billions Pension funds $.56

Pertsonal tnists 84

Mutual funds 20

Foundations 14

$174

Banks manage the greater share of these funds. They control all of the personal tru.sts cited and mast of the pension funds.

The per.sonal trusts Include living trusts, testamentary trusts, guardian accounts and funds of incompetents, and does not include estates, personal ag-encie.'i,. cu.<tody and safekeeping accounts, pension and profit-sharing trusts, investment and

advisory management accounts, corporate trusts and agencies, unfunded insurance trusts and the insurance portl(Mi of funded insurance trusts.

The pension funds cover more than 15 million workers, about one quarter of the work force. Most of them have been contributed by large corporations. The National Industrial C(Miference Board estimates that private Industry spent an estimated $22.6 billion in pension funds, although that total also Includes Social Security payments, unemployment Insurance and Injury compensation.-

The total Is $2 billion more than in 196.

'Tlie funds are so big that most corporations are nuwiUing to attempt to manage them and turn them over to banks. However, the tendency is to turn them over to a small group of bonk.s. A New York State survey in 1954 showed that six or seven banks controlled 95 per cent of all pension funds in the state.