Baturday, January 12, 1963

WeU Get The Safety We Demand

, "t: iCSr rCi,- s=.'rs*ri.

be the key to success or failure of another attempt have the kind of highway safety pro^am ttey thisiyearto have the legislature pass a law calling demand of the legislature and the state govem-for persons chafed with driving drunk. ment. If they demand sdentific tests for persons

Several attempts have been made in past years '^^[*^^7este^wm bT pro^de^ for^in astate-w?d!

been beaten -down in the legislature.

citizens again this

Meanwhile, Out In The Crowd

laws which will make possible an adequate highway safety program, they may be sure their highway! will continueto take a toll in life, limb and property.

Growth

Against

Rate Argues Tax Favors

State officiah and other ----------

year are advocating passage of such legislation m an effort to reduce drunken driving, one of the major causes of highway accidents and traffic fatalities. In the last legislature a similar measure was passed by the Senate, only to be killed in the House.

There are manv people in the state who give j

lin service to the need for greater safety on the North Carolinas first-place position in i^du^j

hiffhw-avs. When the chips are down, and a positivi trial growth among Southeastern states 19b.. proposal is made to help with the cause, soipe of puts forth another valid argument agamst the these same people change their tune. They see in states abandoning its present policies wder to the new proposal too high a price for the individuAi give financial subsidies to new industries that might

citizen to pay in order to reduce his chances of locate in the state. ^

being killed on the highway. Advocates of such inducements as tax-free

Legislation requiring a scientific test for those bonds, ad valorem tax advantages and other charged with drunken driving is sorely needed in subsidies to prospective industries in North

North Carolina. It would protect innocent persons Carolina have pointed out that practically all rtates who face such a charge. At the same time it would ^^st of the Mississippi are now offering

give additional protection to the people of the sta' to industries. 'They go further to say that North

from citizens who drive under the influence and Carolina must join the trend or find itself losing then escape conviction in the court because of con- industrial prospects to those other states.

While figures on industrial expansion in North

A Coalition Of

Conservatives?

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

COALITION One possibility growing out of present unrest in North Carolinas far-flung and divergent Deniocrat-Ic party is that a coalition of io-called c(Hiservatives may emerge.

The idea of a coalition is in the talking stages now, the ubject of inform^ discussion.

Its purpose woultTbe for men of <TTiiiH.r political philosophy and views to get together and the situation and, if possible, reach agreement on a coalition candidate for governor in 1964. ^

If such a coalition should -emerge in the coming months It would be a major political development and one that might have tremendous bearing, on what happens in the state in 1964on who runs and who does not. and possibly on who wins.

TALKThe men talking coalition contend that the present state party organization is divided and that not enough is being done to heal the splits that have been apparent since the primaries d I960.

They feel too that the divergence might be increased by further intra-party fights in the 1964 primaries and that the Democrats might be able to get together and decide on one, solidly - supported candidate for governor to run without opposition in the 1964 primary.

Needless to say, those who favor a c<mservative coalition are not the men closely identified with the Sanford administration nor with the present state party leadership.

PEOPLEThere are (Ussat-laiied Democrats, and Demcrata who want to rally behind a single stnmg candidate if possible In the face of what they see as serious Republican inroads and a definite GOP threat in 1964.

These men, more or less representative of the conservative element in the State Democratic party, do not necessarily want to fan intra-party flames by identifying their candidate with one or the other of the 1960 factl(ms.

Whatt hey want, they say, is to bring the conservative element together and end the In-deciei(Hi on the part of many would-be candidates identified to SOTie extent with this element. One coalition supporter .says that to be successful such

a group would have to include many businessmen actively interested in politics, as well as a number of present and former party leaders and spokesmen.

NAMES-It would have to include, he says, men of such stature as former State Sen. Lindsay Warren of Beaufort and W. Prank Taylor of Goldsboro. But it is not known whether either of these has entered into any coalition discussions.

Other names mentiwied in the coalition reports include those of a number of men who suffered poUtical setbacks, but who had and presumably still have a good followingformer Rep. A. Paul Kitchin of Wadesboro, former House Speaker Joseph M. Hunt Jr., of Greensboro, and Dr. I. Beverly Lake of Raleigh, still a strong possibility as a 1964 gubernatorial candidEite.

Others Include such men as former state party chairman Woodrow W. Jones of Ruthes fordton and Dan K. Moore of Sylva.

IDEAThe sources mentioning the possibility of a conservative coalition concede it is something which needs further behind-the-scenes discussion and groundwork.

One source Indicated a meeting of coalition-minded Democrats might be arranged within the next few weeks but that there was nothing definite.

The sources do insist, however, that the idea is being given serious consideration with indications of more than lukewarm interest.

The idea, of course, is based on the principle that in unity there is strength and that a coaUtion of some sort would be one way of achieving unity among many of tho present and former party leaders and would-be candidates. By getting various segments together, they feel the group would be able to speak with a stronger voiceperhaps a powerful one about who will and who wont run for governor.

PURPOSE The purpose, says one spokesman, is to take a look at the situation. Everybody is saying that the Democrats are restless, and no one faction is strong enough to put forth a candida# without some help. The purpose, of course, would be to try to settle on one can-. didate that we could get behind.

Carolina during 1962 do not measure up to those of the previous year, the state still ranked in first place in the Southeast. In spite of the fact it do*iS not offer the financial inducements most other states do to new industries, it more than held -.is

own in the competitive industry-hunting business. oat pnVT TT

A large part .of North Carolmas sifccess in oy tlALi X Ld industrial development has come with the expansion -p .. of plants already located within the state. For every industrial prospect it has missed because it does not offer financial inducements, North Carolina can count several other industries which have YORK (AP) One of

pvnanded within the state because of the climate the frustrations of war report-expanaea wiuua tiir ^ trpat. ing is that often you never learn

of good government, sound policies, and lair tre ^ ^ things

ment they have found here. finally come out for individuals

We reiterate our opinion that North Carolina incident I have in mind

has more to gain in the long run by continuing its is the strange case of a soldier sound, fair policies toward industries old and new

than it does by trying to compete m the give-awav I was quartered with

several other correspwidents

in those days we hitchhiked about the battlefronts in an abandoned French home in a small town Jn. Tiuiisia in North Africa.

One morning I went to an American field hospital In the town. The sky was bright the day was clear, and the war seemed far away. It did, that is, until I entered the hospital and saw the souvenirs war always leaves men wearing white baiKmges stained red.

I talked to a doctor briefly about the wounded. He point-

Gan Be

nded

How Did The Story End?

game to attract additional indv.strial plants.

Ktirea

The Dafly Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office, Greenville, N. C., as second class mall matter.

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By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP)A birdie told me.

Increasingly over the years many stories have sounded as if a birdie told reporters what President Kennedy or Eisenhower or some official had on his min^.

These stories come out of so-called background conferences, with a resident or official, where the rule is laid down beforehand that the one doing the talking must not be identified by direct quotes.

So the stories use the transparent device of saying the information came from various sources aescribed as high or reliablef or authoritative.

The leaat an unsuspecting reader can conclude, from two columns on a personally conducted tour of the presidential mind, is that the President must have some awfully gabby friends.

The trouble with them is that Uie birdie sometimes lays an egg: someone not present at the conference and therefore not bound by the rules finds out for a fact the President did the talking and says so in print.

Thus all the time and care that went into arranging the backgrounder and concealing the presidential identity goes out the window. It happened to Eisenhower. Now it has happened to Kennedy.

In 1959 Eisenhower had a series of White House background dinners for a select group of newsmen who went out and wrote what he said he thought without saying he said it.

Then at a public news conference one reporter, not at the dinners, asked Eisenhower bluntly if he wasnt the one who had done the talking. He admitted he was.

And he said he wasnt sure these background dinners were a good practice. But he continued them.

Twice in a rowat the end of 1961 and the end of 1962 Kennedy held similar backgrounders at Palm Beach. And both times the reporters present wrote stories on what he thought without saying he told them.

Both times other new'smen, not in on the backgrounders, followed up by saying Kennedy was the high authority

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and the informed person who had talked to reporters.

Kennedy seems burned up this time at the disclosure. On Thursday his press secretary, Pierre Salinger, said Kennedy may cut out these New Years sessions with the press.

The backgrounder, with a president or anyone else, has never been a happy arrangement because, basically, there is concealment from the public in the very process of trying to inform the public.

Nevertheless, reporters take part in them, if this is the only way to get information, because its their job to get news. The theoi-y here seems to be that some information is better than none.

But its a system which feeds on itself. There are more and more background conferences, not only with Kennedy but with various officials below the White House level.

For example: Secretary of

State Dean Rui^. He has held over 17 news conferences in two years. The last was Dec. 10.

The one before was last July

12.

Yet, in those two years he

has held many backgri^imd conferences, here and abrofti, with newsmen, particularly the kind that goes the backgrounder one better. This is the deep backgrounder.

Reporters attending this kind of session cant even attribute what they hear to officials or authoritative sources. The result is sometimes ludicrous because the stories became omniscient and claim to know what Washington is thinking.

A real danger in a backgrounder is that p member of the administration, any administration, can try to influence public opinion without taking pubUc responsibility for what he says.

ed to a bed in the comer and said, Hes our most Interesting patient at the moment.

The bed held a thin young dark-eyed Jewish private. He had a sensitive face, and looked more like a student violinist than a soldier. He wore no bandage that I could see, but there was an air (rf immeasurable listlessness about him.

After a short chat, he began to tell me his story. As I recall it now, he had been on a patrol, and the patrol was surprised by Nazi troops.

The Tnembers trf t

American patrol scattered or were killed in hand to hand combat.

Suddenly the young Jewish soldier found himi^lf alone facing two of the enemy closing in on him fast. You hear a lot about bayonet fighting m war. Actually it is extremely rare. Probably less than one frMitline soldier in a thousand ever em-

Other E(ditors Saying... The Juveniles Explain

(Huntington (W. Va.)

Herald- Dispatch)

Scores of spokesmen, official or otherwise, continually have their say as to the causes of juvenile delinquency. Rarely, if ever has anyone bothered to ask the juvenUe to give his ideas as to the cause of the trouble. The community of Donelson in Davidson County, Tennessee, has what community leaders feel to be an exceptionally high rate of juvenile delinquency. In seeking an answer, Donelson went about the problem in a novel way.

While jurists, law enforcement officers, social workers, clergymen and educators were interviewing each other, George Currey, an investigator for the district attorneys office, went straight to the young people of the area. Mr. Currey asked 62 teen-agers from the seventh to 12th grades to list the causes of the high juvenile delinquency rate. Curry, who called the letters masterpieces, said he gave no hint to the teenagers why he wanted their opinions.

The letters were read to more than 600 parents and young people attending a meeting of the

house. Teen - agers have found it easy to get beer whenever they want it and as much as they want. Not enough supervision at the drive-ins. . .too little control in school.

And on the letters went. The soft touch of liberalism, indulging of miscwiduct, at the expense of discipline. . .bad examples set in the home and responsibilities defaulted. Mr. Curry said a breakdown of the 62 letters showed 43 teen-agers have too much idle time and 41 said better recreatiwial facilities were needed: 33 said parents are shirking their duty and should be more strict: 24 said it was easy to get beer, Md 20 said older students and school drop-outs were wrongly influencing the younger pe<)le.

Another letter read: Parents should be Informed and should know who their child is running with and what he Is doing. We dont want to be w^hed and guarded as baby chicks, but more interest is needed. The letters are both interesting and revealing. But they bare a discrepancy.

While it Is true that the home parental responsibility is the first point of breakdown in most

ploys a bayonet for its designed purpose.

This young soldier, who had never met an enemy before, had no time to aim and fire.

Instinctively, he lunged forward with his bay(Hiet and killed one of the Nazis instantly.

He whirled. The second Nazi was about to fire. The young" soldier thrust the bayonet forward again with all his might. He felt it go to the hilt through soft flesh.

Tll never forget his face," said the ybtmg Ameri<^. His gun dropped from his hand, and he looked surprised, as if be couldnt believe this bad happened to him. When I pulled out the bayonet, he fell to tte ground. And he lay there in the mud, crying in German fcM* his mother, until he died.

The re-Uvlng of his ordeal had excited the young soldier. He lay back on his bed, exhausted.

Were you wounded? I asked.

No, I'm all right, he re-pUed listlessly. Its just my arm. My right arm. R wcmt work. ^

Puzzled, I went back to the doctor.

The boy is suffering from hysterical paralysis. he explained. He had a strong religious upbringing, and he has violated one of his creed s strongest injunctionsThou shalt not kill.

Logically, he realizes he had to inflict death in self . defense. but his mind merely has transferred the blame to his right arm. His aim is literafly paralyzed with a feeling of guilt.

Well, the war moved on. I never saw or heard of the young Jewish soldier again.

But for 2d years I have w(m-dered; Did he finally make peace with himself? Did his arm ever forgive itself for taking two enemy lives In order to save his own.

Quote

Donelson Youth Leadership cases, no where in the letters

Quote

That Government governs illy which can find no other Way to deal with malefactors than to maltreat all of its citizens, the just and the unjust alike.The Wall Street' Journal.

Council. The startled parents learned that youngsters on the verge of trouble secretly yearned for more guidance and discipline than they were getting from their elders.

Here are some of the excerpts read to the meeting: "Parents dont care enough about where their kids are, and what they are doing. Many teen-agers have fewor no responsibilities. Some parents leave for the weekend and let the kids take over the

published did any of the youngsters assessing delinquency blame himself. No where did he assume responsibility for his own delinquency or potential delinquency.

It may be argued, however, tha the instilling of a sense of personal responsibility rests with the home. The Donelson report may be the starting point for solution of a community problem. The character - shaping must be d(me before, not after the foundation crumbles.

In fact, one merit of a alow and judicious approach to tax reduction in the new session of Congress is that it will give the lawmakers time to assess the serious of the administrations (and their own) efforts to hold down budget expenditures in line with prospective-ly reduced revenues. The Christian Science Monitor.

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN

Copyright, 1963, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

When y are talking about foreign affairs, conservatives ftnri old-fashioned liberals are fond of citing the warnings of President Washington against letting ancient partisan friendships sway decisions in Intema-ticMial policy. The ally of yesteryear, so the Father of Our . C(Mmtry advised us, may be the enemy. of tomorrow. And thf ccmverse Is also true: the enemy of yesterday may be thi friend d tomorrow. -

President Washingtons warning that international grudges may outlive their usefalness should also be extended to the domestic scene. For example. tlre Is the deep-seated grudge which conservatives and old- * fashioned liberals ludd against ex-Secretary of State Dean Acheson. How we hated him back In the early Nineteen Fifties! In those days we considered that it was Acheson who had invited the Korean War by making an injudicious speech in which he had placed South Korea outside of our defense perimeter In Asia.

Well, to my mind, tiat particular Acheson speech wDl always live as an example of grievously mistaken statecrafL But no man is perfect, and every public figure Is entitled to forgiveness for an early error In the light of subsequent per^ iormance. The time has cwne,

I think, for the grudge4)earing conservatives and the dedicated anti-Cknnmunlsts to reassesa their attitude toward Dean Acheson.

In his own urbane way, which 8(xne people dislike because it often seems to antain a suggestion of superciliousness. Acheson has been standing up agahist the s(rft8 In the matter of our policy toward Soviet Rus^ ever since he tangled with George P. Kennan in 1958. Kennan was then arguing for "disengagement in Europe, suggesting that the Odd War might be Uquidated if Russian and American forces were simultaneously to be pulled out (rf Germany. Said Acheson at the timet you re eiag-

ed all across the Arctic Orele, when you are engaged In every country of the uncgmmltted world In which we have economic (rations, to move troops apart In Europe means nothing at all. . it seems to me Mr. Kennan withdraws from the whole conception of the United States leading the world.

In that same year of 1958 Acheson opposed the propaganda for a summit conference of the U. S. President and the Soviet dictator. A Presidents judgment. he said, should not be caught up in the ebb and flow of the struggle In the negotiating chamber. True enough. Acbes(Mi was still underrating the Importance (^ Asia in 1958. But he has continued to battle for the idea that the unification of Germany, when it comes, must be on terms that will extend freedom to the east, and not slavery to Ue west.

Acheson has no official position in the Kennedy Administration. but his unofficial relationship with the President is force for strength when it comes to ()po6ng Soviet machtnaticma in Eun)e. In his recent speeches Acheson has emerged as the strongest cootenaporary supporter of a beefed-up NATO. Agahist the supine pragmatism that would regard the division of Germany into free and slave sectors as something destined for perpetuity, Acdieson has insisted that the western nations must stand for something far more positive than the mere right of West Berlin to remain beleaguered but unsubdued. The immediate implication Acheslms posmoc Is that NATO should be provided with both the will and the force to prevent any Soviet action designed to block access routes to Berlin. A noore faj>reachlng implication is that well-armed and a firmly-committed NATO might enable the West to take a (hplomatic offensive that could lead to the dismantling of the Berlin wall.

theUNITEDway

Acbes(m has said ^ the business of the United States is to bring some kind of a workable system out of th remains of what is left of the Nineteenth Century world. That 1s good conservative or old-fashion^ liberal dcxitrine. So let's n( cherish our old grudge ag^st Acheson because d an ancient blunder.

Gcx)d Thing In Postage Increase

Strength For Toiday

By EARL L. DOUGLASS THE COURAGE TO CONFESS

At a large easteni university, the students were filing out of a classroom at the end of a period. Earlier, the instructor had given a quiz. Suddenly one of the students stopped before him, a strained expression on his face. "Sir, he said, will you please give me back my quiz paper and let me take a zero for the quiz?

The instructor did not understand. and the student repeated his request even more urgently. Knowing that something was wrong, but not knowing what, the* teacher returned the paper, and the student left the room.

Two days later, ih'the.instructor's office, the student explained. During the quiz he had cheated. He had not been

caught. But he had nevr done such a thing before in his life, and as the class period wore on, his feeling of guilt became more and more oppressive. At the end of the class, he could-stand it no longer, and so he did what seemed the nearest possible thing to wiping out his action. ^

Most of us will admire that student. We will admire him not for cheating, but for his desperate effort to redeem himself even after he had done the wrong. It takes courage to resist temptation. Perhaps sometimes it takes even more* courage, after we have given in. to go back and confess and make the matter right again.

This variety of c;ourage is rare. Even on the battlefield men are often not so courageous as this. But then life is a battlefield.

By ELMER ROESSNER Been paying a lot of postage due this week?

In perspective, the postage increases that went into effect Monday may be a very good thing for the voters of the country. At a cost of only a penny here and a penny there they may be reminded daily how the currency of the coun-try has been diluted. They may get a new view of the fact that the government, both Democratic and Republican administrations, have been draining away their savings, their insurance ^d the. buying* power of their pensions.

The postage rises were sulf in percentages. Postcards went up 33 1-3 percent. Even tender-lofai rarely jumps that much. Letters went up 25 per cent.. Airmail cards went up 20 per cent and airmail letters 14.3 ' percent.

PASSENGERS CHEAPER, LETTERS HIGHER The last is passing strange

since airlines have been constantly lowering rates in recent years and, since jets became common, have been worrying about unfilled space. Under these circumstances, and normal business practice, wouldnt It be best to lower not increaseairmail rates? Under the law of supply and demand, which has not been repealed despite popular belief, a cut in the postage rate might increase use of airmail, while the rate hike may decrease it.

In other words, the government and the airlines might get more revenue if air postage was reduced from 7 cents to 6 cents, instead of being raised to 8 cents.

Of course, if that were done, it would becloud the dramatic lessons C<mgre88 has handed to the public? The American dollar is worth less all the time and the rise in postage rates prove it.

Once the voter could send a postcard for a cent and a letter

for two cents. Now the prices have g(Mie up four times and two and a half times respectively, which shows that the value of the dollar is worth between 25 and 40 cents in postage.

It will also remind the mall user that the dollar has weakened in all other reas.

If the dollar was worth $1 in 1935, it was worth less than 50 cents in 1957 in consumer purchasing power, by the governments own figures. And if it Was worth 50 cents then, its worth about 46 cents now. And have you bought any beef lately?

A SHIFTING BASE The decline of the dollar has been a bit embarrassing to government statisticians.

TTie purchasing power of the consumers dollar was originally calculated in terms of its average value in 1935-39. During those years it was assumed to be 100 cente. But by 1957, it was down to 50 cents, and the statisticians decided

new base was needed.

There was a lot erf glib tatt about needing an up to date and a modern base, so 1947-49 became the base years and, statistically, the dollar was worth 100 cents aggin.

But prices kept going up and purchasing power kept shrinking, and the slide-rule boys set another base period, 1957-59, whl(rfi made the dollar worth 100 cents again, theoretically.

Its been sinking again and was worth about 94 caits (on the 1987-69 base) at the start of this year. Sooner or later the base will be changed again. But the new postage rates will remind the public that the dollar isnt much of a dollar any more.

These remarks are abropo of the fact that the proposed Federal tax cut, unless accompan*. led by a cut In spending, will guarantee more inflation. The purchasing power of the doUak will continue to drop. And, even tually, stamps will cost more.