Tutday, November 13, 1962

Citizens Obligations In Education

I Was Only Doini? My Job

Adequate educational opportunity for every younirster is taken for grantedtoo much so, at timesby citizens of North Carolina and other states.

Citizens look to the schools to prepare young-sters for the complex life in which they will live and work as adults, often without realizing that the progress that can be made by public schools is definitely .limited by public support given the overall educational program.

There is, on the part of adults, interest in the schools, interest in the quality of program offered youngsters, and interest in plans being made to improve schools. By and large, however, this interest too often is passive and only of general nature. Far too few citizens really seek to understand problems' of public education that confront school officials and teachers. Far too few citizens lend the calibre of active support of which they are capable to the public school program.

This American Education Week affords .in ideal opportunity for citizens, individually and collectively, to consider their role in the improvement of public education. Has the public adequately supported programs of school officials and teachers to provide better educational opportunities for youngsters? Have adults of the community given adequate encouragement to youngsters to take full

Mew ImDortance

1

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

SENATE The matter of re-districting the State Senate by the 1963 legislature has assumed added importance from the standpoint of practical politics.

It is something that is going to happen anyway, so both parties are anxious that it be to their advantage and credit.

Redistricting is going to be done regardless, whether by the legislature or by the federal courts more likely by the legislature in its next sessirai since it is an issue that has to be faced, all reluctance aside.

And Democratic strategists, since last Tuesday, are beginning to look at Senate redistricting as a concession that can be made with no loss of face and which might help offset further Republican gains in future general elections.

ASSESS Despite initial efforts to discount it there is strong evidence that failure to redistrict the East-dominated State Senate in 1961 figured in the Republican upswing in the populous Piedmont.

This can be a.ssessed on the same basis as the theory that Congres-slonal redistricting hurt the Democrats in the Eighth and Ninth district races. It is fairly certain that much of the new Republican strength came from disgruntled Dei^crats. TTiese were in the Piedmontthe isolated GOP victory in Carteret County ha no real bearing on the statewide picture.

Voters in the Piedra<mt harbored resentment against the Eastern domination that both blocked Senate redistricting and which gerrymandered the Eighth and Ninth districts when, in fact, it was the East which had lost population.

DISTRICT - Nearly half of the 50-member State Senate is presently drawn from the East. The calculation is 23 or 24 Senators, depending oa how some borderline districts are counted at any rate more than 20.

And just as important and as Irritating to the Piedmont is the fact that the East has 11 two-senator districts while the rest of the state has only six.

In the same pattern, the Eastern-dominated legislature in 1961 proceeded to carve up the Con-gressimal district to that there was little effect upon any Eastern Democrats district. The East saw to It that it did not lose representation in Congress. What happened, almost as a direct result, was that the Pied-Rumt lost two Democratic congressmen A. Paul Kltchln and

tnctina

Hugh Alexander.

FACTORS There are other factors, of course, and the matter of legislative and Congressional representati(M3 may not even have been the paramount one.

But Democrats are becoming keenly ccmscious of the fact that this resentment on the part of Piedmont voters is something to be reckoned with, and that general elections are where its effect is felt most forcefully.

These party strategists know now, for example, that it is the Piedmont which can and will wield the biggest stick in future elections. The Democrats are saiylng private thanks that last Tuesdays elections did not involve a statewide race such as the general election for governor back in 1960.

PRESAGE Many Democrats concede that the 1960 general election, for example, was too close for comfort. Actually. It surprised the Republicans too. But while the Democrats were blaming something else, the GOP was quicker to recog-nL-e that a major underlying factor was unrest in the Piedmont.

The Guilford County vote for governor in 1960, 40,752 for Republican Robert L. Gavin and 29,468 for Terry Sanford, might have presaged last Tuesday's GOP sweep in Guilford.

Li big Mecklenburg and In Gaston. too. Sanfords mar<^

was surprisingly thin in the light of the relatively weak Gavin campaign.

SHIFTIn past years. Democrats have contended that the solidly Demosratic East held the balance of power In North Carolina. They wooed the East, and the East responded and held fast.

Now. the Ea.st appears still safe for the Democrats. Any cracks are tiny ones and not serious. But it is being recognized that the Piedmont is holding a big powerful hand, and that it is in the Piedmont that future fights will be won or lost. It Is best to be con-clllaory rather than antagonistic at this stage.

REMEDYOne of the immediately available remedies appears to be clear redls-tricting of the State Senate to give the Piedmont its demanded proper representation, a step to woo back those disgruntled Wedmont Democrats.

Democratic strategists are beginning to see that this would be far more effective If done by a Democratic-controUed legislature than if it had to be done by a federal court.

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advantage of educational c^^pportunities set befors them? Has too much of^ the responsibility for improving public education been left to the teachers and school officials without sufficient active support from the citizenry?

Public education can meet the challenges set before it only if citizens permit it to meet the challenges. School officials and teachers can provide the desired calibre of program for students only if they have full support of the public in meeting the needs of the students through better schools.

Most citizens are quick to recognize the responsibility of teachers and school officials to meet the educational needs of today's youngsters. Too often, however, these same citizens overlook their own responsibilities in helping to create better educational opportunities for the younger generation.

Our Welcome To A New Corporate Citizen

Greenville's economic progress took another step forward Monday with the beginning of operations at the new plant of Prepshirt, Inc.

Although only 30 people went on the payroll at the new plant Monday, the number of employes is expected to increase to approximately 125 within the next month. Longer range plans of owners of the new operation call for eventual employment of approximately 600 people at the local plant and an annual payroll of about $1.25 million.

This new plant, with its additional jobs and payroll, will add to Greenvilles economy both from the standpoint of stability and diversification. As has been the case with other industries here, it broadens the job opportunities within the community at the same time it contributes to raising the general economic level of the community through its additional payroll.

The Reflector joins with other business and industries in welcoming this new corporate citizen of Greenville. We have every confidence the community and the new company will enjoy a mutually advantageous relationship that will grow with the years.

GOP Is Purely Minority Party

errors

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON <AP> - Last weeks electiras demonstrated once again that the Republican party nationally is stricUy a minority party.

The voters, as they have for years wdth only two exceptions, showed no confidence In letting them run Congress.

But, if its comfort to the Republicans, the Democrats are a kind ot political mjth. They parade under one banner but are sharply and painfully divided into Northern and Southern Democrats,

In short, the American political party system is all gummed up.

Before election Democrats controlled Congress by overwhelming majorities. After election they still had overwhelming majorities in both houses. All the election did was confirm their control.

The Democrats even gained four Senate seats while the Republicans were able to capture only two in the House.

There was the usual deluge of post-election analyses. This time the emphasis was on whether President Kennedy, who had asked for even more Democrats, could be considered a winner or loser.

There was only one real loser: the Republicans. They got one more crushing defeat. In the 16 national elections since 1932 the voters have given the Republicans a majority in C o n-gress only twice in 1946 and 1952.

In 1946 there was w'ide discontent with shortages and the remnants of wartime controls. In 1952 President Eisenhower carried his party to victory with him on his sturdy coattails.

But the voters quickly showed (at that they made a distinction between Eisenhower and his fellow-Republicans and (b) that they lacked confidence In Republican control of Ccxi-gress.

They did it by putting the Democrats in control in the very next election, 1954, and every election since, including 1956 when they again elected Eisenhower in a huge turnout.

Painful as it must be to Republicans, this is not all. Even in the states the voters show a sharp preference for Democrats, as they did this year in the gubernatorial races by electing more than twice as many Democrats as Republicans.

A foreigner looking at the election returns might be mystified. While there are liberals in both parties, more among the Democrats than among the Republicans the broad base of both parties is conservative.

This is not aU that makes for confusion to anyone looking for clear - cut differences between the parties. There Is also deep and damaging cleavage within the Democratic party between North and South.

The Southern Democrats^ are not only as conservative as the Republicans.

It was because they deserted Kennedys leadership time and again to vote with Republicans against him that the President went out urging the election of more Democrats.

What he was looking for was more liberal Democrats to offset both the conservative Republicans and the conservative Democrats.

His campaigning was an indirect admission that even though the Democrats in Congress far outnumbered Republicans he still didn't feel he could get his programs unless he could get more Democrats, and liberal ones at that.

What the country really has Is two parties that dont operate under their appropriate labels: liberals and conservatives.

If there could be a political rearrangement through which there would be a clear distinction between the two groups liberals and conservatives and perhaps under new names the voters would be able to give a sharper indication of which way they want to go.

But the American political system is slow to change even change names so any prospect for a vew alignment looks more like a problem for the voters of the 21st century to think about.

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The UN Assembly, at the insistence of the Afro-Asan n: tions, has voted 67-16 to apply economic sanctions to South Africa. This means, we suppose, that tribal leaders will have to stop putting Kimberly diamonds In their teeth. Richmond News-Leader,

Picklen Memorial Stadium towers 60 feet or so in the air even below the press box.

Your columnist was impressed as to just how high this is the other night. Looking west from the top of the stadium a number of red flashing lights could be seen above the horizon. It finally, dawned on me that these were the lights on Voice of America towers about eight miles away.

Then I looked northeast and there was a row of red flashing lights on the horizon in that directi(Mi. This 'was the VGA site at Leggetts Cross Road, nearly 20 air miles away.

The lights at the Shelmer-dine site cant be seen from the top of the stadium, however.

Questions as to what your columnist was doing up In the stadium at night wiU be greet

ed with a smDe but not with the answer.

Speaking of VGA, A. Hartwell Campbell, general manager of televisitm station WNTT, suggested that Pitt County should be billed as the communications capital of the world.

Campbell made the suggestion at the Moose press, radio and television party Saturday night. The reason, of course, Is the construction of the aD powerful VGA transmitters here.

To my Knowledge they have more transmitting faculties than any other place, at least in the free world, CampbeU remarked.

He caUed on publicists in the county to play up this theme.

was speaker for the press party.

Master of Ceremrales Ell Bloom asked Sencindiver to give the gathering the low down stuff on Cuba.

"I promise you nobody will say a word, Bloom declared with a devilish smUe as he lo(Uc-ed over the gathering of people who disseminate the news throughout Pitt County.

Sencindiver didnt give away any government secrets, however.

David Sencindiver, administrative officer for VGA here

0th Editors Saying .. Something Holy & Sacred

(The Raleigh Times)

Sometime ago. an irritated reader of The Raleigh Times complained that the editor seemed to think that there is something holy about laws.

That is exactly what the editor thinks. He thinks that there must be something holy about the law of the land, SOTnething that wUl set that law apart and which wUl make that law something which will shelter and protect aU the people of the land.

The editor doesnt like aU the laws that we have. But he feels that as long as one is the law, it must be recognized as such by aU the people of the land, by the Governor in Mississippi as weU as by The Times reader in Raleigh. The editor feels that those in authority, whether they be in authority In Mississippi or North Carolina or Washington, must recognize the fact that there is something holy about laws. Those in authority must see to it that the laws are obeyed. They must see to it that the legal orders of lawfully constituted courts are foUow-ed. They must see to it that the most powerful voice in the land Is the Quiet voice of a court stating the words which will provide protection and shelter and life for the rights of all men.

If we come to the day when there is not something holy about laws, then we will have arrived at a sad and a sorry day for ail of us. Those of us who happen then to be in the majority, and can thus Impose our majority might on those In the minority, will be in the saddest case of all. For, we will then have Put ourselves in the position of proving that might makes right. We thus w^iU have said that it will be necessary

for our descendants to take up the clubs they wlD need to protect themselves in a society In which there would be nothing sacred about the law. The man who has to defend himself with club or knife or rifle knows that it is temporary protection Indeed, for someone always comes along with a bigger club or a better rifle or a sharper knif*

But, the man who is protected by the sacredness of laws know's that no one can take from him that protection.

The very people who are screaming to their very own high heavens now about President Kennedys action in Mississippi, are protected from President Kennedy by the very Constitution Kennedy moved to protect in Mississippi. That constitution, which is a sacred law, gives to every man the right of freedom of speech. And It also gives to every man the right of equality of citizenship, a right some of those who use their own right of freedom of speech would deny to others.

No man can be free in a country in which every man isnt free. When any man in any countiy loses his freedom, every man in that country loses some part of his owti freedom. small though that part may seem to be.

If law loses something of its sacred quality in Mississippi, It loses some of that same quality right here in Raleigh. And all of us here in Raleigh lose just that much of the guarantees of our own freedom, and of the freedom of our own children.

There is something sacred about laws, and there must always be something sacred about law's if we are to have our own rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Over the years, we practicing bachelors of Eastern North Carolina have readily conceded the title of Most Eligible Bachelor to Ned P. Everett of Robersonville and now Washington, D. C.

The dashing Duke Law School graduate has rarely been challenged for the title and he easily repulsed all comers.

Sunday, however, it was announced that Everett, now on Rep. Herbert C. Bonner's Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee staff, will take as his bride the lovely Miss Car-olynn Howard of Kinston.

Somehow, like before the Chiban Crisis, the world will never quite be the same.

Opinions :in Brief

We are conscious of many shoJ^omlngs in the. present stat^ of affairs, but we are proud of the American voters on the whole for their comparative restraint and good sense. We are not afraid for the future. Christian Science Monitor.

The Administration made its point in Little Rock and Oxford. Wouldnt it be smart now to grant a delay of, say six months in its schedule of rigid integration enforcement?Leesburg (Fla.) Daily Commercial.

Why should there not be a patient confidence in the ultimate justice of the people; is there any better or equal hope in the .world Abraham Lincoln.

'The prevention of juvenile destruction lies in the establishment of juvenile desci-pline. Stanly News and Press.

In periods of its greatest prosperity, the nations welfare and relief rolls become more congested and cost more. Williamston Enterprise.

By ALVIN TAYLGR

Stadium Has Gaad View

I * *

3y The 3xaerts

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

The pollsters have made quite a to-do about their prophetic omniscience during the recent election. In broad terms, many of tlwm came out wrong. The assumption that because 1962 was an off year, the party in power must lose seats in the House, turned out to be wrimg. The jokes about the Ken-nedys did not matter at all.

The enormous vote In the primaries and the electicm of Ted Kennedy In Massachusetts was not a happenstance. Kennedys have an appeal to plain, ordinary folk.

In New York, Governor Rockefeller ran nearly 5(X),000 votes behind Senator Javlts who was the bellwether of the Republican ticket; Arthur Levitt, only Democrat elected on the state ticket, running for (Comptroller, got a larger vote than Gov. Rockefeller, Many of those who voted for Levitt had to split their ticket. It had to be a premeditated act.

This proved that had the Democrats nominated a more popular person than Robert Morgenthau, who was unknown to most voters, he could have been elected. He was selected on the basis of a poll, arranged by Lou Harris, with whom Morgenthau had been associated In the poU business. In one poll, which Is In my possession but which was addressed to Mayor Wagner, Harris used a sample of 802 i^rstHis out of a voting population of 5,712,482 to prove that James Farley could not be elected. He declared the unknown and unsung Morgenthau as the strongest vote-getter.

This was based on the idiotic theory that Jews vote for Jews, Radians vote for Italians, Negroes vote for Negroes, etc. This theory has been disproved in election after election.' It was said among politicians that the President is a Roman CathoUc and the Mayor of New York is a Roman Catholic; therefore it would be smart politics to nominate Morgenthau, on the assumption that he is a Jew. for the Governorship. Also he Is related to ex-Senator Herbert Lehman and therefore ought to clobber Rockefeller In New York aty.

So it stands In the record that In those districts of New York City which show a concentration of Jews, Rockefeller defeated Morgenthau.

It would be a godsend to the American people if we stopped nominating candidates on the basis of race, color, creed or previous nationality. We either are or are not Americans. Let us desegregate all races, colors and creeds and vote for Americans. It must be said for Morgenthau that he made no religious or racial claims. It was generally assumed during the campaign that he avoided such affiliations. I once knew a candidate who joined 15 synagogues all at once in the hope of gaining the Jewish vote; he was defeated.

If Rockefeller had had the vote of the Conservative Party, he would have done as well as in 1958. The Conservative Party gained more than 50,(X)0 votes and therefore, according to the laws of New York State, will be on the ballot in 1964. The factors in lessening the Rockefeller vote below that of Senator Javits were undoubtedly his Uberalism which many Republicans found opportunistic, his divorce which offended conservative Republicans in the smaller towns and cities of New York and the population shift.

The story of Richard Nixon is a sad one. His last press interview was ridiculous. It was not the press that destroyed Nixon; It was television. Up to the time that Richard Nixon appeared on television to debate John Kennedy in the 1960 Presidential campaign, he was a favorite. Then he flwped. He had ceased to be Dick Nixon, the young Lochinvar who came out of the West to slay the Dragon of Communism, the predecessor of Joe McCarthy, the exposer of Alger Hiss. He had become a gentleman, the Vice President of the United States, who agreed with his opponent even when what he said was wrong. Such poUteness brings its own reward defeat.

There are fine qualities In Richard Nixon, but they showed better cm the way up. His treatment of Joe McCarthy will not readily be forgotten by Mc-Carthyites, of whom there are a great many in California. Nixon had been an Inspiration to (Continued on Page 5)

Strength For Today

Cammanwealth Sells To Enemy

By EARI. L. DOUGLASS CROWN OF LIFE

The Epistle of James In the New Testament is a practical, down-to-earth book. The Apostle Paul had laid such great emphasis on the necessity for faith that some of his Christian contemporaries were saying that if they had faith in Christ they coiild do whatever they wanted to do. Some actually went so far as to declare that If they believed in Christ they could lead sinful, Indulgent lives and stiD be saved.

James denies this. He points out that temptation is one of Gods means for ati^engthenlng us. Everybody is tempted. Even Jesus himself had been tempted. If you and I confrMit no temptations dthing our lives, we would be so spiritually weak that we^ could not stand on our feet arid meet the daily challenge of life face to face. James says; Blessed is the

man that endureth temptation; for when he is tried he shall-receive the crown of life, which the Lord hath promised to them that love him.

Satan often pursues us with what the Bible calls fiery darts. We feel sometimes that we are of all men or women the most tempted. We like money and need money, and we find we are in a position to secure it dishonestly. We are easily tempted as regards sex. and we find people and situations about us which constantly inflame to lust. We have sharp tongues. And oh what unreasonable and mean people we encounter who We persuade ourselves need to be given a real Uxigue lashing.

All these things are temptations. They are trials. Meet them and pass the examination, and the crown of life awaits us

Temptation is one of Gods means of strengthening us.

By ELMER ROESSNER

Mao may be no smarter than Khrushchev. The Chinese thrust into India, like Kluush-chevs venture in CXiba, may cost more than it gains.

China Is on the brink of famine. It Is In desperate need ot imported food. Grain-rich (Canada, eager for new markets. Is shipping the last of its wheat under a 1962 $75 million contract with Red China. The contract provides a similar amount of Wheat from the 1963 crop. Australia is also shipping wheat-25 million bushels in October to Red China.

Rhodesia has also been selling its surplus wheat in China.

Now India, as well as Canada, Australia. Rhodesia and other governmental areas around the world, Is a member of the British Commonwealth of Nations..

So the commonwealth Is selling cs^ntials to an enemy of one of Its members.

The anomaly of the situation In which some members of the Commonwealth sell food to an enemy of other members of the Commonwealth is concerning even the British themselves. Watch the foreign news in the next few weeks. You will probably see Commonwealth nations cutting sales to China unless it withdraws from India.

PAY FGR PAYING; The 1963 edition of Your Federal Income Tax, by the Internal Revenue Service, will soon be available. Copies may be ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington 25, D. C. The price has been hicreased from 25 to' 40 cents, showing that it is the government itself that profits from inflation.

NOW EVERYTHING IS CLEAR, IF YOU ARE DEAD TAXPAYER Internal Revenue Service ruling 62-164, clearly sets forth:

Whther the estate of a nonresident alien decedent, which is subject to domiciliary administration in a Joreign country and ancillary administration in the United States, is a resident or nonresident alien entity for Federal income tax purposes depends upon all of the facts Involved, including the appointment of an ancillary administrator who Is a citizen or resident of the United States and the extent and duration of the activities of such ancillary administrator in the United States.

That means that if Hooe Is on first and Watt is on second, the ancillary shortstop is an alien entity and gets set back to go. Or perhaps It is an example of the govemmentese that keeps courts clogged, revenue agents fully employed, and tax lawyers fat and sassy.

Stuck to one side of It Is a disc (rf paper reading, Manion for Assembly. Let me guard your pennies. Milt Grey Sales newsletter added, A retailer could pick up that Idea.

And go to prison for defacing United States coins?

LOCKING FOR A GUARD? Home Furnishings Dally said: Someone gave us a penny.

AN IDEA IS AN IDEA,

EVEN IF DOUBTED ,

State Farm Mutual believes that every idea is worth consideration, even If the originator Is doubtful. It gives employees forms with spaces for stating their ideas for listing reasons why the idea is good, and for listing reasons why It wont woric.

Thus the idea becomes the basis for consideration which has conver^ many impractical Ideas ^$5 practical (xies.

In this connecticm copies of the booklet, How To SeU Ideas, are still available. They include a legal form to protect! idea-struck people In dealing with corporations.