SatiirdAy, Septemoer ,1962 ^

Problem Lies In Finding A Baldnce

(. -*

There are few farmers, or others interested in able -for more production. One of the key factors the welfare of the tobacco producing region, who which influenced the decision to increase tobacco will argue against the wisdom of keeping the supply acreage allotments this year was the threat of too-of tobacco produced in balance with demand for short supply of tobacco if the 1961 allotments had

') been retained. There was the further argument

^ The problem is determining what constitutes without more production, foreign purchasers

that balance and how best to plair tb keep supply flue-cured tobacco would not be able to fill their in line with demand. needs on the American markets this year. Such a

OAA __4.* r situation would tend to push foreign buyers to other

H h r tobacco-producing countries to fill their needs, per-

week sponsored by the North Carolina Farm Bureau, hans nermanentlv

recommended that the supply of tobacco be kept _

in line with demand. They did not, however, go T" marketing season on flue-cured belts this

.vear has been confusing because of many factors.

Latest Cosmonaut Revealed

on record as to their collective opinion concerning tobacco acreage allotments for the coming year.

Quantity and quality of the crop, experimental sales with untied leaf and price factors also have contrib-

r, U the board of governors of the Brigiit uted to the confusion.

Belt Warehouse Association advocated the 4.3 per . .

cent acreage increase that is in effect for tobacco . early, it seems to us, to pinpoint the

this year be rescinded for the 1963 crop. Their rea- ^^^uole and to settle on definite action which will soning, of course, was that the acreage increase th'S remedy the situation before another year. Farmer-i year has thrown production out of kilter with de- others interested in the tobacco industry should

mand and has resulted in low'er prices carefully evaluate all the factors before jjumping

It ^ f ^ u * ^ conclusjon about what is needed to assure the

It should be remembered that at the beginning greatesluMft-range benefit, or the current marketings season the balance between j i.- , .

tobacco on hand and demand apparently was favor- . Consideration must be given not only to factors

in this years marketing picture, but also to factors which in the first place led to the acreage increase for the present crop.

Hesitant Over 3ig Bond Issue

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

HESITANT The Sanford administration Is extremely hesitant about recommending a big bond issue for highway cm-etnictlon.

Bond Issues, says <e administration offlcial, suddenly have become very unpopular. So there is close searching going, on to (^her directions and a number of other ways of financing tiie states roadbuildlng needs are being explored.

This is the reas( that the so-called Gill plan for financing a road bond issue may appear to have been given a cool reception.

Actually the state treasurer's suggesting of a method of financing up to $200 Tnillinn in highway bcmds without raising taxes was welcomed, and there Is a good deal oi interest in the Idea.

BONDS A bond issue for highways remains a possibility, but it appears unlikely at this stage that the administration win recommend (e. It may be advooUed to the legislature, or

be written into the regular 1963-65 budget and provided for that way. But there may be bwid issues proposed on some of these and other items.

There is no definite decision.

f

High School Diploma Means More Earnings

commissicHiers but the present administration feeling is \hBt some other way can be found.

There are several reaswis behind this thinking, aside irxxn the unpopularity of bond issues.

One is the cost involved some $TO million over a 20 year period to retire the bonds which necessarily would bear about three per cent interest. The cost thus would be considerably greater than that of the Scott secOTdary road bond issue approved to 1949. Those bonds were marketed at about 1.5 per cent yield.

Another reason is the feel-_lng that ^ state would not

a bond-financed crash pn^ram of roadbuildlng would skirocket constructicui costs.

Also, there is no statement from the Highway Commission as a whole nor fnan the chairman that such a vast amount of money is needed to the next two or four years.

There is a feeling that waiting a fw years would be better. A bond issue may be the answer eventually to 1965 or 1967 but at present the administration feels it can satisfy the Highway Commissiwis needs another way.

APPEARS Despite the unpopularity of bond issues, no one should be surprised if the 1963 General Assembly writes everal of these for various poses. S<Hi]e may even be for

Atron time or another many young people give thought to dropping put of school without finishing.

Many of these, of course, do drop out of school and xucxc K. Iiu uciuuie aecision, receive their high school diplomas. Others - .

but some of these possibly may take a wiser course and finish their formal educa- Rv FT A T ROVT T? be proposed by the administra- tion at least through the high school level. " J3V./i .

For those who may be faced with such a problem during the course of the current school year, the Department of Labor Statistics has come up with some economic figures which should not be overlooked by young people. Studies have shown that new york (AP) -1 Are you It costs the average teep-ager some $46,300 in life- an old-timer? time earnings if he quits high school before gradu- ^ old-timer is a person who

ation enjoys using the present as a

reminiscent springboard back ta-

XX.S V ^-2 Iiimiun a According to the statistics the average higtf the past. Anything that hap-

year and there are individual school graduate can look forward to about $900 a J-^day reminds him of

highway commissioners who year more income during his working years than loSI yee'X if

can his counterpart who decided-to drop out of There is a difference between

school. Aside from manv other factors involvd in old-timer ^d an old fogy.

the decismn to drop out of high school before gi'a.i- ^0ls1JemhLgTthJSlS

nation, this economic factor in itself should maKe was better. An old-timer simply

the average boy or girl think a long time befor" nostalgic pleasure out of

giving UD on formal pdncafinn recalling what went before

giving up un lormai education. whether it was better or worse.

The formal education program is designed to probably an old-tim-

....... er yourself if you can remem-

tion.

This fact could be another reason, at least a secwidary (me, behind the reluctance of any administration official to advocate a bond issue for highways one which Mr. Gill points out would have to be submitted to the people.

NEEDS The State High-way Commission has listed its enrichment needs for the coming biennium at 224 million a

contend that this is too c(m-servative to suit them. But it is the figure which has been submitted and accepted and which the administratim and budget officials are trjring to scrape up.

Gasoline and oil Inspection fees which go into the General Fund at the rate of about $5

armarks Of Old-Timer

pn)o^ by tocfividu^ highway milUon a year, the Highway enable the individual to Hive a fuller more useful commissicmers but the present Commissions fixed expense for onH hnlnfnl u : ber when-

Commissions fixed expense for unused convict labor at a rate of about $8 million a year and a few other minor Items make up so-called diversitms from the highway fund which, if stopped, would leave anywhere from 10 to 20 million dollars more needed for the biennium.

LOOK Highway fund bookkeeping practices are being studied. especially the law providing for so-<;alled committed balances funds kept on hand to pay -for projects w'hich have been approved and scheduled but on which construction may not begin for several years. ^

Another item is the surplus

and helpful life in the adult world in which he You first learned to make must some day take his place. The economic aspect music by humming through a is only one consideration, but at least it is one that ^

can be put down in cold figures that are easily ^ understood.

very Section

.riaS USeO issue Oth?r Editors Saymg...

The Stars and Stripes Forever was perhaps the best tune Tor this form of art.

Most boys carried their marbles to a Bull Durham tobacco sack.

It was a patriotic duty to help beat the kaiser in the first World War by saving tinfoil

from cigarette packs.

Folks feared the first family that started cooking with gas would blow up the whole neighborhood.

No baby had got off to a proper start in life until its fond parents had had it photographed, sans diaper, lying tummy down on a cloth of plush.

It was widely believed that if Congress raised the Inctmie tax rate above 10 per cent it would spur a bloody, nationwide revolution.

Johnny not only could read but could also vTite legibly and work out problems in arithmetic.

Few school boards would hire a married schoolmarm, because a married womans place was in the home.

Farmers blamed their woes on Wall Street, and Wall Street regarded William Jennings Bryan as a wild-eyed radical.

The liniment for men and horses came out of the same bottle.

Foods were fried In lard, and nobody had ever heard of polyunsaturated fats.

By JAMES M.\RLOW

Secondary Road Bcmd jeservt fund to pay off the Scott bonds ahead of time. Mr. Gill says it would be illegal, unvrise and ill-advised to tamper with this.

ENROLLING There has been a stir on Capitol Square because the planners of the new Statehouse omitted space for the legislative enrolling office, but Secretary of State Thad Eure is unruffled.

Eure says the Enrolling Of-^fice, which Is to his department, will be ready to go to work and ratify bills the same day that the 1963 General Assembly convenes regardless of where it is located.

Well be ready, says Mrs. Eure. Apparently the enrolling office will remain in its present quarters in the State Library

WAStCTON (F Mississippi's Gov. Ross R. Barnett is just a Johnny-cpme-lately in waving the state rights flag to defy the federal government and the Supreme Court.

Other states and their leaders have done the same, almost from the beginning of both the government and the court. State rights are an important part of the American system of government.

But the state eights slogan has often been a handy, and sometimes reckless, excuse to have things both ways: To boost the union when its convenient and to defy the union when thats convenient.

Fortunately most of the time except during the Civil War when one state tried defiance

This state owes a duty to the

erations. The doctrine of nullification is contrary to the letter and spirit of the Constitution.

Now. in effect, Mississippi has adopted the doctrine of nullification.

South Carolina finally nullified its nullification when Congress. while authorizing President Jackson td use the Army and Navy if he had to, mollified South Carolina by amending the tariff act a bit.

The Supreme Cort was defied almost from the moment the justices sat down. In 1793 Georgia, which wouldnt go along with South Carolina on the state rights bit in the 1820s. challenged the right of the court to consider a suit against a state. Its House of Representatives

By GEORGE E. SOLOLfiKr

Copyiiidit. 1962, King Featurei Syndleate, Inc.

M. P. Daly oi Loa Angeles writes me:

As a conservative, I am not desirous of dratrming the Supreme Court on ttie ctm-trazy. I would like to see its dignity restored by simply removing frtan it (by Impeachment, the only legal way to de It) those who are not qualified to be on itl

What are the Qualiflcati(ms of a Supreme Court Justice? The ConsUtutic states it this way: The Judges, both the supreme and Inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior; and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished durtog their c(ntinuance to office. That is the whole (rf It. A Justice of the United States Supreme Court need not be a lawyer. He need not come from any particular part of the country. He need not be bom in the United States. He need not be of a particular age.

Some members of the John Birch Society wish to have Chief Justice Warren impeached as unqualified. Such an impeachment would have to be based on some Constituti(mal dlsqual-Ificaon, but the C(mstUu-tlon only says that they shall hold office during good behavior. What is good behavior?

In drawing up the Bill of Impeachment, Congress would have to say what good behavior is. I should imagine that selling military secrets to another nation would be regarded as bad behavior. If a Justice were drunk during Prohibition that could be bad behavior. But would Congress regard it as bad behavior if a justice got involved in a nasty divorce case?

Is the giving of an unpcnm-lar opinion cause for impeachment? What about the Dred Scott Decision or the Sick Chick- *' en Case? Where they popular? When Chief Justice Taney handed down the Dred Scott Decision, he laid the basis for the (jivil War. It was an unpopular decision to the North; popular to the South. The Sick Chicken Case destroyed th NRA; *?it was popular with ' some; unpopular with others.

No justice of the Supremo Court has even been Impeached, although many have been unpopular. Robert H. Harriswi is the Qrily one I can find who, having bee appointed, refused to serve. Two or three resigned to take other positions.

The Chief JusUc^s havp usually been distinguished men. The first, John Jay, was regarded as the leading jurist of the day and one of the founders of this nation. The fourth was the great John Marshall whose decisions really establish this as a nation. Coming closer to our time, William Howard Taft served as Chief,

(Greensboro Daily News)

Speaking at Bensons annual Mule Day 'celebration. Dr. I. Beverly Lake talked much like a gubernatorial candidate.

His denunciation of the welfare state, his sharp criticism of spending, his call for a campaign against governmental waste and his emphasis upon Tar Heel tax burdens were all cut strictly to the conservative pattern. Dr. Lake was for education, but he would go only so far in his assertion that we have perhaps been swept a little off our feet by propaganda programs designed to promote college attendance and contributions to college endowments

Ike Daffy Reflector

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oo|mm

A

now in Misvsissippi by refusing to let a 29-year-old Negro veteran of the Korean War, James H. Meredith, register at the all-white Univei-sity of Mississippi.

This defiance is immediately again.st a lower federal court which ordered Mississippi authorities to let Meredith in the school. But basically It is a defiance of the Supreme Courts ban on racial segregation in public .schools.

To .-^.how how the state right.s cry has often been used as political gimmick, American historians Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele Commager, in their Growth of The American Republic, said;

Almost every man in public life between 1798 and 1860 spurn-I ed it when his section was in the saddle and embraced it when his con.stituent.s deemed themselves oppressed.

Almost every state in tuni declared its own ab.solute .sov-ereipntVi only to denounce as trea.sonable similar declarations by other .stetes,

And Charles Beard in bis Rise of American Civilization. said:

From the foundations of the republic all factioius w^re for high nationalism or low provincialism upon occasion, according to their desires at the moment. . .

Mississippi is a prime example. South Carolina, when it felt it was hurting in the 1920s from a tariff act passed by Congre.ss. declared the doctrine of nullification. This meant it decided it had the I'lgbt to declare any act of Coigres.s unconstitutional and refn.se to abide by It.

So it threatened to Jail any U. S. offloiaLs who tried to collect tariff duties in South Carolina. Virginia. Alabama and Georgia wanted no part of this. And Thnr.sday night Ally. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy quoted the Mississippi State Legislatuie at the time as passing this resolution :

clergy.

Note: The Confederate States did not set up a supreme court. Their Senate complained about the monstrous despotism of the U. S. Supreme Court.

But other states to one way of another Pennsylvania, Ohio, Virginia, Kehtuckj4*JNisconsin, Maryland defied the court at one time or another.

Presidents Jefferson and Madison, before they were presidents, helped along the idea that the state has the right to decide for itself whether it will accept an act or decision of the federal government.

This was in a resolution written by Jefferson and passed by the Kentucky Legislature and another written by Madison and approved by the Virginia Legislature. Both men were angry abfjut the alien and sedition law.s rammed through by their political enemies, the Federalists who ran Congre.s.s,

Historian Beaid, looking back upon the undiminished survival of the court despite all the attacks on it, wrote in his American Government and Politics:

In spjte of the,.attacks of its critics and the fears of its friend.s, the Supreme Court yet abides with us as the very .strong tower defending the American political system.

The Supreme Court itself told oif state officials like Barnett in 1958 when Arkansas Gov. Orval Faubus tried to prevent integration of a Little Rock high school b.v using state troops. He folded up fast when Prputdent fei scniiower sent in federal troops, which iiw.wJwt' Pi c.sif|cnt Ken nedy may have to do In Mis-sis.sippi.

The, court said con.stitutionel protection agahi.st ril.scrimina-tion in public schools because of race or color can neither be nullified openly and directly by .'<tate leglslatures or state executors or .state judicial officers nor nullified indirectly by them through cva.slve means.

was his harping on welfare

^ _ . - _ press accounts we havejseen, to mention the racial integration issue. Dr. Lake, while decrying spending and looking askance at North Carolinas educational program, did come up with an educational proposal of his own. He praised the rise of the community college program but ral.sed the question of why .along with courses for office anti business careers, there should not be comparable opportunity for the North Carolina boy who wants to be a farmer. Specifically. he would have at least four junior agriculture colleges for boys.

We are amenable to having

that proposal studied in the over-all reassessment which is being made of education, high and low, in North Carolina, and curricular changes which will make our educational system more closely attuned to the needs, demands and job opportunities of the changing times.

Dr. Lakes proposal immediately elicits certain questions. What kind of job is the State College School of Agriculture doing and how many applications for admission did it have to turn down, say, for the present session? How effective and w^ell utilized are the various short courses offered at State College? Are farm jobs, opportunities and careers increasing or decreasing? Are vocational* agriculture courses being fully utilized to the .states high schools? Is there too heavy an emphasis on these courses? Should there be a shift to other vocational courses which prepare boys leaving the farm to look for industrial or business employment in the states cities and towns? Is the family farm breaking up in North Carolina? Can anything be done to save it? Does our changing economy argue for or against the pro-po.sal which Dr. Lake makes?

The answers to these questions should be forthcoming. But to be accurate and acceptable they will have to be based on facts and not on political pitches or candidatorial aspirations.

If you left a waitress more than a dime tip, she knew for sure you were from out of town.

High school lads got their first lessons in feminine anatomy by sneaking into a burlesque show on Saturday afternoon. But they learned less than they do today by looking at the girdle ads in a womans magazine. H.

There was no such thtog as a joint familY checking account.

If a wife wanted a new bonnet, rather than ask her husband for the money shed save it up from her household allowance.

Yes. thats how America used to be. Remember, old -timer?

Strength For Today

By.EARL L. DOUGLASS THE ATHEIST

Someone has defined an atheist as a man who has no Invisible means of support.

One of the necessary factors if we are going to escape the suspicion and criticism of our fellow men, that we have Is a visible means of support. If somehow or other we seem to

jWlce after being Secretary

knows where the money comes from, neighbors begin to talk and police officers to get their heads together. A visible means of support is necessary in this mundane order of things.

Spiritually also we believe that people have to have means of support. The believing and devout Christian is sure that he has this means of support in the daily reinforcement he receives from God as the result of prayer and meditation. But the atheist has no such support.

He Is a man unsupported by the things of heaven.

How completely and utterly necessary we find that support to be! There are some who toss their heads to say that they have no need of prayer, or church, or Bible. They get along nicely on their own resources.

They are deceiving no one but themselves. God is not deceived. Their neighbors are not deceived. Holy angels bear us up in their hands. God speaks to us as He has always spoken to His children.

We who believe are supported by the power of God. The atheist has no such support no invisible means of support.

Quote

A man knows he has reached middle age when his doctor warns him against leading a normal life. Wall Street Journal.

United States. He was a man of tremendous intellectual stature. His successor, Charles Evans Hughes, saved the Cpurt as well as our eccmomlc system from the ravages of Franklin D. Roosevelt. He had been Governor of the State of Nfw York. Harlan F. Stone hiul been Attorney General, a professor of law and an outstanding authority on the Constitution.

Earl Warren was appointed Chief Justice by President Eisenhower. He had been Attorney General and Governor of Call-fomia. He joined the so-called Liberal Group in the Suprema Court in opposition to the Conservative Group led by Justice Felix Frankfurter.

In this connotation, the terms. Liberal and Conservative, are ridiculous. Throughout Araeri-can history, the conflict has been between strict Interpretation and broad interpretation of the Constitution.

Those justices who believed in strict interpretation have tended to prefer a legalistic rather than a social Interpretation of the Constitution. They preferred the letter rather than the spirit of the Constitution. They held that the Constitution meant exactly what it said and that if anyone disliked what the Constitution said, he could labor to have it amended.

Those justices who have favored a broad interpretation have held that the Constitution is a flexible document meant

(Continued on Page 6)

ook-Aheads On Business Front

By KLMER ROK.SSNKR

<

Here aie more look-alieads in business, based on advance information and analyses of developing' trends:

Higher cigar prices; Despite the fact that American cigar manufacturers have about two years supply of cigar tobacco,

strengthen demand for steel far more than, mast commentators now realize. Clip this paragraph and paste it on your desk calendar for Nov. 15.

Stronger retail sales: Because peisonal income Is holding up, so will retail sales during the rest of the year. Consumers income is still rising and

tlie Cuban situation is creathig fall fashions. Thanksgiving fes-

a scare majrket. Smokers are beginning to hoard cigars. Under that qijrcum$tance, natch, prices,..have moved up and they will move higher.

Cheaper nickel; Nickel, a sarbl^* metal only a few years ago. is now abundant. Nickel companies are cutting production: next will be a cut in price.

3ioi:e .stkkl

ORDEUJS SEFN

.Steel demand to rise: Ordcis for steel have been lagging and many observers have been pessimistic. However, from this cor-^ nor it look.s a.s if the demand for autos. Increa.sed government .support for highways and housing, plus increa.sed dcR'ii.se and space spending will

tivities and the Christmas saturnalia of buying will make total retail sales this year set a" new record.

Bonanza for tax advisors here: The new tax bill, about to become a law, will make millions of dollai*s for tax consultants. advisors and tax newsletter writers. The invest-nent newsletters may do pretty dood. too. The changes In the tax law are so Intricate that every corporation and ever>' big Investor will be willing -nay, eager- to pay good fees for sound advice on tax savings. COPPER situation

Copper may .slide: Dcm^id and supply have been in balance recently and, unless de-.r'"

^

mand rises soon, copper prices will decline.

More contests: Many manu-' facturers, uneasy during the stock market dip in May, rushed into plans for sales-building contests. Once started, contests are hard to stop, especially since there is stiU uncertainty about fall and winter business. So look for a tide of consumer advertising contests this fall and winter, with fatter prizes than ever. ,

Steady tin; Tin prices will hold steady because the government Is trimming its stockpile. If prices tend to sag, government sales will be cut back, if they rise, offerings wUl in-crea.se.

Import drive coming: Latln-Amerlcan exports to the United States are declining at a mast embarrassing naoment.

the Rovernmenttto take actien to encourage more American bu.Ving of Latin-Am-erican p-oducts. to provide to-Tome when the Americans south of the bci'der need 1 jvo^v-politically r.s well ai

Ically. Failure to increase U.S. consumption of products from the Rio Grande to Terra del Fuego will open many opportunities to the Communists.

OLD PROMOTER FAVORS LITIXB more UNFACT

^at this country and what the whole world i^eeds today is unpact. the Old Promoter said when he bellied into our office today.

Unpact? we asked In a disbelieving voice.

Right. Its the opposite of impact. There Is too much Impact in the world. Khrushchev says that something has Impact on the Berlin situation; we say some Ilassian action has impact on the Cuban situation. The Republicans talk about the impact of our foreign policy on West-cm Europe; the Democrats lament the Impact of the Rpub-licans on their attempts to right the world. Let's have less Impact and more unpact. /Only with unpaot can we be at peace with ourselvM and the rest of the world. *