ftundaf, Septi^er is, >

Cant Be Intimidated By Russia

^^ould That Be Bad?

Russians enunciation of its own Cuban Doc-trine* asserting that a U.S. attack'on Cuba would t^sult in nuclear war should not cause the United States to tremble or abandon its commitments to other nations of the Western Hemisphere.

The tie between Castros Cuba and the Soviet Union have become stronger month by month since

nsks b for the United States to deny its commitments to its friends and neighbors in this hemisphere. Such an alternative is unthinkable.

The communist foothold has been established in Ci\|ta, and apparently established firmly now. The United States and other nations of the hemisphere should make sure that the cancer of commu-

propaganda purposes be intimidated by rocket-rattling statements from

Havana or Moscow.

the Cuban dictator came to power. The latest an- nism is not allowed to Overrun other nations in the nouncement by the Soviet Union is nothing more Americas. This goal cannot be obtained by the na-than an elaboration of former statements, and ap- tions of the Americas if they allow themselves to parently was made for against the United States.

Obviously the United States has long sines recognized that a war with Castros Cuba would en- T% |

tail the risk of such a battle igniting the interna- A ITQlCriCCLX ^^00DQ]TCl1.10H tional powder keg. The risk has not been increased

by the latest announcement from Moscow. II

The United States has allowed the establish- XO jyXUTUClJl K*CIVC121iLCIO0 ment of a communist dictatorship in Cuba when it

was within its power to stop its establishment ^ study now being undertaken by Wintervilles

through military means. It appears unlikely that fioveming board and the Greenville Utilities Con;-in the immediate future the Castro regime in Cuba mission is a prime example of the manner in which will collapse under its own weight as the adminis- neighboring municipalities may cooperate in joint tration in Washington had hoped many months ago. programs to their mutual advantage.

Even so, the United States should not allow the Under study is the feasibility of tying Winter-most recent Soviet statement, or the increasing villes sewage system to that of Greenville in order military establishment in Cuba to deter it from pro* fhat Winterville will not have to construct a new tcctrng the interests of other Latin. American na- sewage disposal plant. As Wintervilles Mayor Wal-tions from possible aggression from the communist Hail pointed out to the Greenville Utilities Com-

island base in this hemisphere. ^ missioners, construction of a new plant might cost

There will be risks involved in any act by the Winterville some $300,000, and we are not finan-United States or other nations of this hemispheie cialiy able to take on a big project. to prevent direct or indirect aggression from the With the proximity of Greenville to Winter-

Cuban base. But the alternative to not taking those '"i^e and the growth of Greenville in the direction

of Winterville, it is probable that the corporate

THE ELECTION

WE MAV HAVE FEWER ^AE^ABER$ OKI OUR 7QUA>/

1

!-Picture

r mancing Is Gooc,

By PATRICIA MOORE

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES BONDS The overall bonded indebtedness picture for North Carolina cities, counties and school districts countinues to be fairly favorable. In some cases, it is excellent.

This is the opinion of various experts in municipal and local financing and by financiers.

There is also, according to these sources, a trend toward caution, conservatism and cai'e in local government borrowing and spending. Bond financing is being watched closely and there is no carte blanche on new' issues or issuing of bonds already authorized.

A study of Local Goveninient Commission figures compiled as of August 1 shows a total of approximately $94 million in municipal, county and local unit bonds, authorized in various bond elections during the past two years, not yet Issued.

STUDY The study shows that the total unissued balance is greater than the total amount issued thus far. It shows further that some of the counties and a few of the cities have still unissued bond authorizations dating back as far as 1958.

It is entirely possible, according to the study, that some of these issues will never come to the market but will be retired out of revenues and grants Those issues which can be sold ' can be issued in partial amounts during a five-year period after the electirai date.

In (me or two cases, the authorization amounts were reduced by revenues produced by Issuing bond anticipation notes.

FUTURE The study does not include figures on bond issues proposed and either awaiting an election or voted on during August jmd September. There are several large amounts for various projects in this category.

A cautiously - phrased statement by one leading bond banker and analyst is that the future visible debt factor for North Tiarolina local units is not excessive when cxmsidering the overall local unit indebtedness trend.

Cwnpared to the national visible supply, it continues, it might even be small, at something less than one per cent of the total emissions in the United States.

MORE

UTILITIES Two sharply opposed points of view- are emerging in studies designed to revise and streamline, modem-i2e and revamp the State Utilities Commission.

The broadest, most sweeping of the two approaches Is contained in the detailed recommendations submitted last week by Utilities Commissioner Thomas R. Eller Jr. A softer, less drastic approach is contained in a study being made for the Genera] Statutes Commission by Raleigh attorney E. B. Hipp.

Hipps recommendations have been made public but it is understood that they entail changing of some existing Utilities laws rather than the complete overhaul suggested by EUer.

DEDICATE - Sept. 12 is the date for dedication of a new steam electric turbine generator for Carolina Power and Light Co., at its Qualjj Neck site on the Neuse river near Goldsboro.

The new unit is the largest ever built by CP&L and company officials said It is the worlds first coal-fired electric geiierating facility designed for complete computer control.

CP&L president L.V. Sutton of Raleigh said that demands for electric power in Eastern North Carolina have doubled since the company built the first of its three units at Goldsboro in 1951.

A second generator was added in 1952, The new unit, with 340,000 horsepower, more than doubles the capacity of the other two and when it went on the line July 5 brought the total capability of the plant to three billion kilowatt-h ours per year.

TOUR Governor Sanford goes back on the education rally trail in Eastern North Carolina this weekend, touring Pitt County schools on Friday.

These tours are non-political, but administration officials say they are valuable and useful in making contacts and keeping in close touch with the people. There was considerable enthusiasm generated during the two-day Sanford tour of the Albemarle region last week.

Local officials and even the administration aides who accompany the governor mar\Pl at the rapid, whirlwind pace set by the chief executive and at his stamina. They admit they find themselves puffing in an effort to keep up.

limits of the two municipalities will meet within the next decade. Although they probably will remain s.eparate municipalities, the two communities will fin(l increasingly that they have mutual problems so far as water, sewer, electric lines, streets, fire protection and other public functions are concerned.

By cooperating in sound joint projects, each municipality may gain important advantages which in the long run will result in economies to their respective taxpayers and residents. The attitude of seeking areas of cooperation in providing services Usually there are a co- '3

to their citizens is one which will stand both munici- of safety pins around at ghep-

palitie.s in good stead in the years to come. pard Memorial Library in case

Whether an intensive study of the present pro- emergency.

posal will show it to be feasible and mutually ad-- Last week there was an vantageous to both municipalities are questiopi^ emergency and no safety pin, which remain to be answered. It is in the best in-tei*est of both communities, however, that the study be made and its relative merits weighed in the light ' of the future of both Greenville and Winterville.

ich ^ r ' O 1

^^rba;:ety .:^ins buDstitute

of

per clip problem.

wouldnt solve his pins, . .just In case.

unusual before the episode ended.

Included In His Yard Of Threats

The Daily Reflector

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T

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) - Premier Khrushchev is such a good actor that when he shook his fist Tuesday over Cuba the immediate American reaction was whats he doing to us? instead of noticing what | he did to himself.

What he did to himself was to postpone once again a show-dowTi over Berlin. The Russians said they were willing to wait until after the American election in November before resuming talks on the German city.

This was buried in a yard of threats and propaganda about Cuba.

Its been almost four years now- since Khrushchev cooked up the first Berlin crisis, Nov. 27, 1958. He set a six-month deadline then fo" a settlement. At the end of that time, getting no action, he postponed the deadline.

Again in 1960, in the midst of pressing for a Berlin solution. he had a blow-up with President Eisenhower over the shooting down of an American U2 spy plane over Russia. Again he backed away from a showdown.

He said he could w-ait until after the I960 presidential elections and (leal with Eisenhower s successor.

In 1961, after his Vienna meeting with President Kennedy, Khreshchev set up another six-month deadline on Berlin. Again the deadline passed and Khrushchev said he had never Intended It as an ultimatum.

If these pieces are put together they seem to indicate the Russians are no more anxious for a war over Berlin than the Americans are. although there can be no rloubt the Soviets would grab the city if they thought theyd get away with it.

K!. ushchev, never a slow-witted patsy, has to be concerned with how he looks to the rc.st of the world. This may explain to some degree why. when this countiy sounds tough, he tries to sound tougher.

On June 25. 1961. after his Vienna talk with Khrushchev, Kennedy in a nationwide broadcast showed his stern side. This may have surprised the Russian and was certainly popular in this country.

The President called for a military build-up and speed-up. with men and money.

Within less than two weeks Khrushchev was on the air talking to the Russian people. He called for an increase in Soviet militaiy spending and a month later, on Aug, 13, ordered the Berlin wall built.

Neither side looked particularly happy in that one.

The West stood idly by, doing tiothing to tear down the wall; and Khrushchevs wall was a sorry admission to the rest of the world that Russia had to wah in the East Germans to keep them from fleeing communism.

The West has been deadly tough with Russia for years, using a high-sounding approach called containment.

For years this country has set up military bases aU around the edges of the Communist world and armed Russias next door neighbors. It can be imagined what the American reaction would have been if the Soviets had tried to do that to this country.

It was only a matter of time before the Communists would try to break through the iron ring around them. They got the opportunity hi Cuba when Fidel Castro took over and proclaimed himself a Marxist.

So far Castro has been a pain in the neck to the United Stages mostly with his loud mouth and, if the truth were known, probably a pain to the Soviets, too, since he's been wrecking Cuba and needs Soviet help, Neveitheless, Cuba is a solid starting point for communism in the Western Hemisphere, the first it has had. In time it could be a true menace through spreading subversion in Latin America or even training guerrillas.

Just because Cuba is a Communist outpost Khriishchev could hardly afford, with the world watchhig, not to throw some kind of protective arm around Cubans. This is exactly the same kind of protective ann this countr>' has thrown around .some of Russia's next-door neighbors.

So, this is the first chance Khrushchev had had to do to the United States what this country has been doing to Russia for years. For some reason he thought fit to boast, through a public announcement, about giving help, military and econo-(Continued on page six)

Father w'as taking I .lie daughter, who w'as about two or three years old (and cute as pie) into the library. The cute little girls tights were beginning to gather more around her ankles than where they were supposed to, which was obviously the main problem.

In other w'ords, the elastic in the tights was not.

The man asked the girls at the desk if they had a safety pin. They couldnt find one.

Assistant Librarian Marga, et Clark, moving in on the scene, offered a paper clip. But father logically figured that a pa-

Then father, his brain possibly activated by the cultural surroundings, asked. If the librarians had a staple machine. And Helen Rollins says they did. The parent and his offspring disappeared with the small machine into Librarian Elizabeth Copelands office, the scene oP the operation,for a few minutes.

Their appearance showed that the operation was completely succe.ssful. Somehow, the father had managed to staple the tights so they w'ere where they were supposed to her And then ,they left.

That, however, is not quite the end of the story.

, Miss Copeland, who unfortunately was out when the incident occurred, was qiiick to take her cue. She announced today that she procured, with her own funds, a new supply of safety

Oth3i Editors Saying... Growing Dilemma

The librarians believe that the staple machine incident may, in future years, become a classic as far as requests at the library are concerned. But they recalled a few others that can hold their own.

A little boy once asked some assistance In selecting a book for his mother to read. What did she like to read? She wanted one of those selling best ones that is not a heavy-W'eight, the little boy said.

A high school student wanted some help on finding a good biology book for a book report. The librarian had a feeling that a biology book was a little unusual for a high school book report. She kept asking the student if she meant biology. Finally, she asked, Is this for an English assignment?

Of course, the student answered. Her teacher told her to read a biology or an auto-biology book.

Ooinions

(Kinston Free Press)

.^conference of prime ministers "of the 15 independent members of the British Commonwealth with British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in London ranks as perhaps the most Important such feathering in peace-time history for the English-speaking peoples of the world.

As far as the British entry into the European Common Market is concerned, it would have been far easier for this group to act if the Macmillan Goveni-inent had accomplished a well-defined plan of action at the Brussels Conference on August 5th, That all-night session ended in failure and will have to await further conferences in October.

This means that the prime ministers of the independent members of the Commonwealth will have to trust the Macmil-, Ian Government on what it hopes to achieve in the way of a favorable entry formula for association with the Common Market.

What complicates the issue Is the domestic politics of the member nations themselves. The Australian prime minister for histance has a one-vote margin for his government and he feels that opposition tu entr. into the Market has kept him in pow'er this long. The Australians and New Zealai\ders demand duty-fr^a^ry of their products intof British markets because it has been their ec

onomic salvation for years. Fur-theiTOore some of the newly -created African goveniments that are associated with the Commonwealth are not strong enough 10 speak with authority for or against Market entry. What is evident from this important conference so far is the fact that Great Britain must deal with the Common Market from within or without. It can no longer ignore, it. Prime Minister Macmillan is ready to sacrifice his career on market entry. Many say he will resign if entry is not achieved. He has already made drastic changes in his own cabinet in order to facilitate association with the Market and survival of his ow'n Conservative regime.

The Free World will watch the outcome of this conference with interest and concern. If Macmil-lain gains th- confidence he needs to proceed with the October negotiations for realistic association with the Market, it may weU mark one of the most important steps toward unity for the Atlantic Community and especially the European members of that community yet undertaken.

Macmillan is well aware that continuing economic prosperity for the Commonwealth and for Europe ranks as a vital objective In the race with the East for survival. Never has the need for economic unity and cooperation among the 730,000,000 Commonwealth citizens been more important to the whole Free World.

in

The trouble with most people these days is that they want to reach the Promised Land without going through the wilderness.Survey Bulletin.

Frequently somebody says; There is time, all you need to do IS take it. What is time? Today is time. Everett (Wash.) DailyHerald.

WJiy people should be so anxious to prove that Shakespeare w'as not Shakespeare but somebody else, is beyond us.Pakistan Observer.

THE UNITED WAY

To Both

Xnow

And Do

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1962, King Featurei Syndicate, Inc.

I have read carefully the reports of Vice A(imiral Rlckover on Russian and Swiss education. Now, I am reading his report, Education for All Children, What We Can Learn from England. Actually, this is not a book, but the Hearings before the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and copies are obtainable by writing to the Committee.

Admiral Rickover la the. father of the nuclear submarine and is therefore an heroic figure in American life. He got into the educational field because he needed men to work (HI the nuclear submarine. He said;

I am a customer for the products of our schools. I tried to get people to help me do a Job in nuclear power development, and I found the product of our schools quite unsatisfactory, so I set out to find the reasons.

He has devoted himself to the problem of American edu(jation not only by studying our schools, but by making compare isons with the educational systems of other countries and by setting up special schools for the men who have to work in nuclear physics.

Rickover says;

You can inform yourself about anything in two ways; by petsonal experience and by studying the experience of others. Personal experience Is necessarily limited by the kind of life you lead and the kind of work you do. But study of the experience of others is limited only by the time you can find to study, to read, to correspond or to talk with experts. Now anybody can read books

Unfortunately the professional educator is not too concerned with the fact that when Rickover and thousands of other productive men put the educa;-tors work to test, they find their system wanting. We aU get secretaries who cannot spell, researchers who know no source material, accountants whose figures go awry, etc. Of this, Rickover says:

Like most bureaucracies, this huge organization would like to escape lay criticism an(l tries to do so, by constantly using the stereotyped argument that only professionals or inside critics can judge the performance of other professionals and anyway, noboijy can judgo the schools unless he has personally inspected every school in the country, sat in every classroom of every school and listened to every child in every classroom of every school.

Now these are splendid gimmicks if all that the educators want is to save themselves the trouble to answer criticism of the schools. The most effective critics have almost always been outsiders individuals working on their own, individuals who have no access to public funds that finance junkets of educa- ^ tors around the world. These days they rarely obtain even a foundation grant.

But the real test as to whether an educational system is worthwhile is its product. An educated man is really one who Is capable of knowing everything and of applying his knowledge when called upon to do so. There are no limits to the capacity of the human mind. The only restrictions are time and the will to labor. To this might be added, the need for direction.

Admiral Rickover says of this:

As a practical man I am not much interested in the mystique or esoterics of education which fascinate so many of our professional educators. I freely admit I judge schools by their products. Literally thousands of these products pass through my hands and those of my leading scientists and engineers when we interview youi.g people who apply for positions as designers and builders of nuclear reactors or as officers and men to operate our nuclear ships. I find the percentage so qualified to be deplorably small. Those selected we must send to special schools set up and run by our own naval reactors group. These schools do not teach reactor technology alone; they also have f;o teach many basi subjects Which abroad have already been taught" in- the regu-(Continued on Page 6)

Kennedy Program Still Stuck

Strength For Today

- By ELMER ROESSNER When the Senate Banking Suocommlttee voted 5 4

against reporting out the Truth in Lending bill last week. Congress left President Kennedys program stuck under the gate.

1. Congress passed a'*1Sv giving the Federal Communications Commission power to order production of all-channel television sets. The FCC is now working on plans for such an order.

2. The House passed and the

When a subcommittee does Senate is likely to pass a bill

a 1^111 If io ofttaLp arfvrfMrr TXo. ____a. ^ v

By EARL L. DOUGLASS BETTER GET BY

One of the most striking parables by Jesus was his accoupt of the Pharisee and publican who went up Into the temple to pray. The Pharisee thanked God that he was not as other men and recited for the Lord's benefit a number of virtuous practices such as fasting and the giving of tithes in which he Indulged in each week. The tax gatherer, who was so cruelly turned loose on a helpless population by the Roman overlord to wring exhorbitant taxes out of anyone he could bully and abuse, knelt in the temple and beating his breat cried out God be merciful to me a sinner.

I tell you, .-aid Jesus, that the publican went down to his house justified rather than the other.

This Is the old story over again of hypocrisy on the part of those who profess much and hunjlity on the part of some who profess nothing by way of virtue. The publican was a thoroughly bad man. The Jews of his day hated him wfffi cause. The Pharisee was a leader of thf church.

The statement that the church today is full of hypocrites is untrue, The church Is full of sinners of all varieties and that is

not report out a bill it is stuck unless action by the full committee, or the Senate itself, brings It to a vote. And there is no chance, at this date, that this little pig will be unstuck.

The Truth in Lending bill, otherwise called the Credit Terms Disclosure bill, would have required lenders and instalment sellers to state clearly the interest terms on payments. Without It, credit grant-ers can continue to advertise from 2 to 6 per cent while ac-

exactly where sinners should be. lually charging much higher

for the church is among other things a moral hospital. But the parable of the Pharisee and the publican teaches us all that we had better back u, our profession of orthodoxy and virtu* with good and kindly acts if we expect to get by with the Great Judge ill the clay of reckoning.

rates, often 24 or more per cent, by requiring advance payments or packing in charges for investigation, handling and other services

THE SCORE CARD

Five other measures to benefit consumers have had some success. They, are;

giving the Department of Justice power to force business concerns to produce records to determine If any anti-trust law is being violated.

3. Both houses passed and the President signed a bill to change the Securities and Exchange Commission to enable it to be more effective.

4. Both houses have passed bills increasing the Food and Drug Administrations power to regulate the food, drugs and cosmetics industries. However, the bills differ widely, and the ultimate law will depend on what is worked out in conference. Some progress has been made, but there is still a chance that this little pig will also be stuck und^r the gate.

5. Without the necessity o getting Congressional approval the*President created a Cohsum-

ers Advisory Council to the Council of Economic Advisors. What this group will or can do remains to be seen.

STUCK PIGLETS

On the other hand, these proposals seem stuck:

1. Bills to give the Federal Trade Commission power to issue c;ease and desist orders seem stuck in committee machinery. Meanwhile, advertisers can continue to misrepresent products until the, FTC^can watf-die through hearings and court action, which may take as long as two years. By the time the offender is enjoyed, the' Spurious claims may have been dropped and an even more venal set of claims advanced. (If you are swindled by some television commercial, you might write to your Congressman as well as the Better Business Bureau.)

2. Bills requiring merging companies to give advance notice to the government are lag-ering in c(Hnmittees.

3. A bill to tighten patent procedures is also dormant in commiUM.

4. A bill giving the FTC power to cancel trademarks which have become common descriptive names has been emasculated and stuck in committee.

5. The Truth in Packaging bill is still in committee and unlikely to emerge before Congress adjourns.

On March 15, in his message to Congress, President Kennedy said, The consumer. . . .is not always as loudly heard in Washington as the voices of smaller and better organized groups.

Looks like.

I

WORLD HOPES PRODUCTION BETTER THAN A YEAR AGO

There will be tang in beer next year. While the worlds hops production for 1962-63 will not be a bumper production, it will be above the small 1961-62 crop, according to the U. S. Foreign Agricultural Service.

Hop production slowed last year largely because of the drop in prices. Why hop to grow hops if the price isnt right?