Wedoesday, August 15, 1962

Time To Study Two-Fold Problem

Children By A Former Marriage

President Kennedys decision no^t to rush into federal tax reductions is one which is in me best interest of the nation and ita^eople.

At the same time, he failed to make clear in any Specific terms in his recent address where he will attempt to draw the line in relating future tax reductions to federal spending. ^

The Reflector has previously stated its opinion that tax reforms have a direct bearing on federal spending, and any reforms which reduce revenues must be matched by government economies which likewise prevent mounting deficit figures in federal operations.

President Kennedy touched on this matter only with the assertion We are not talking of letting federal spending get out of, control. He likewise spoke of the long-range effect of tax reforms with the implications that initially federal deficit spending would be increased, but that in the long run a more vigorous economy would produce larger revenues to offset government deficits.

Btween now and January the administration and Congress will have an opportunity to evaluate in general terms possible approaches to the tax reforms. The period should likewise afford them an opportunity to evaluate the questions of reducing

taxes and financing the government through heavier deficit spending, or requiring tax reductions to ba accompanied by reduction ih federal expenditures.

If the government is not now'able to live within its means, with the present tax structure, now can it hope to return to a balanced budget by reducing revenues with no reduction in expenditures? if tax revenues are reduced only through accumulating a larger debt with greater interest to be paid on it annually, how is the long range position of th3 government or the economy improved? Presumably the money for both the debt and the interest must eventually come from the economy via taxes.

Obviously there is need for careful tax reforms rather than hastily contrived tax reductions. There is likewise the need for careful reforms in federal operations and spending. By postponing action on the two-fold problem until next year. President Kennedy has provided time for study. The important thing now is that the time be used wisely by both the administration and Congress to come up with 1 sound program that meets head-on both facets of the two-fold problem.

If an effective program is to result, it must consider both the burden of the present tax structure, and the cause for the burden . . . the annual rate of spending for government operations.

Amendrnent On judge wise in Forcing

niform Courts withdrawal

By WILLIAM A. SMIRES COURT It Isnt awash, but tile waters are risinK and tet-ting warmer around the uniform courts amendment to be voted on .In November.

Sutvwtera of the amendment see trouble ahead and are anxious to the campaign for the amendment in high gear as soon as possible.

Piincipsl dangers to the amendment, in absoice of organised opposititm. are said to be misunderstanding and apathy. And these are amimg the most difficult obstacles to be found In politics. It takes a great deal of woi^, careful planning and a concerted effort ^d campaign.

Advocates of the so-called court reform amendment have become increasingly aware of oppositicHi. They say It Is not organized and appears to be scattered, and Us makes it even more difficult to* counter.

It was Jui^ such an elusive undercurrent of opposition which, political observers say, led to the resounding defeat of the various state bond issues last November.

STAKE The Sanford administration has a heavy poltica] stake In the uniform courts amendment. Governor Sanford has put his personal prestige and that of his dffce behind the amendment.

Unlike the btxid Issues which were proposed by the Hodges administration and given legislative approval as a Hodges program, the amendments on the ballot in November came from the 1961 legislature the same General Assembly which enacted Sanfords legislative pit^ram.

At present. It u>pears that the uniform courts amendment is the (mly me of the several which might be heading for serious trouble. Traditicmally. ^ voters in North Carolina have approved constitutional amendments with overwhelming majorities in recent years although there are a few ezcep-tiims to this pattern.

EFFORT More and more effort apparently wlU be expended in the next few weeks to explain and get support for the courts amendment,

Sanford himself has made several strong plugs for the amendment and undoubtedly will do more.

But some supporters of the amendment, noting p<^lble trouble springing from growing, scattered opposition, are anxious that more be done and quickly. There is sraie criti-ci^ that the campaign for the amendments has beoi delayed and neglected and fears that

when It is cranked up it will be overshadowed by the campaigns fcM* Congress and the persima]!-ties running for office.

GRASSROOTS - It is evident In political circles that there is more than mere misunderstanding involved in seme of the op-positlim to the courts amendment.

It is also becoming evident that opposition to the amendment has been springing from certain groups scattered around the state. These have' been narrowed down, in general terms, to so-called courthouse groups. Politics basically in North Carolina as in many other i^ates springs from the courthouse crowd layers, sheriffs, clerks and other county officials. This grassroots political element Is txtremely formidable.

The danger to the uniform courts or court refonn amendment lies largely in this sort of group (Ri the local level.

There is a natural resistance to any move which would change or alter the set-up. The uniform cmuts amendment would enable the legislature to proceed with a long-range program in this direction, a program which supporters oi the amendment contend is vital.

COMBAT - Political observers predict now that there will be a race to the wire in November to combat and stamp out the misunderstanding and resistance to the courts amendment which has been allowed to circulate In these politically -powerful courthouse groups.

That this might happened was forseen a year ago when an attempt was made to get the various amendments on the November. 1961, ballot. This was not successful and the years delay is believed to have hurt the chances of the amendments this year. How much it has hurt depends on what avenues, methods and strategcms are to be employed in the MXt two or three months.

Governor Sanford, in his message that was laid before the Sheriffs association meeting In Asheville, attempted to get-close to the heart of the grassroots political element In allvlng a rumor that the courts amendment would kl the N. C. Law Enforcement Officers Retirement and Benefit Fund,

Supporters of the amendment feel that in addition to this sort of combative measure, there must be launched very soon an educational campaign to explain the amendment, tell exactly what it will do, and why it is felt to be necessary.

Judge Herman Clark expressed the sentiment of most Eastern Carolina Democrats, we believe, in asserting that Cecil May of New Bern should withdraw as the Democratic nominee for Fifth District Solicitor after being found guilty of evading state By HAL BOYLEa income taxes.

McNtught Sj-ndictte.

Citizens everyw'here expect their public officials to uphold the law in their personal lives as well as in their official positions. They expect men in public office to reflect credit upon the positions they hold rather than engaging in activities which would bring the position as well as the individual under a shadow. ^

Mr. May may or may not have withdrawn as a candidate for the post had not Judge Clark forced the issue prior to passing sentence. In any case, it is our opinion that Judge Clark acted in the best interest of the state and its judicial system by forcing the issue with his comment prior to passing sentence on the case.

No Gloom, Anc. Little Glamor

Each Days Struggle

The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedy in a broadcast too loaded with statistics to be (e of his major literary efforts managed to combine optimism with economics, politics and a needle.

In this way. without gloom but also without glamor, be touched a lot of bases in hl,s nationwide television and radio talk Monday night.

At one moment he was soothing investors and businessmen A^lth Jumpy nerves about risking their money and at another he was trying to make his administration look pretty good.

He switched easily from consoling those who might have expected a tax cut now to reminding his listeners that the economic stumbling which has been going on didn't begin with him.

These were his main points;

1. He reassured the people and business that the economy Is doing pretty well too well to Justify a tax cut now and sh(Hild do better although he admitted It isn't doing well enough,

2. He consoled those who expected a tax cut now by promising individuis and corporations they wcKild get one next year. He said theyd even get it this year if c(mdition,s got bad enough in 1962. He doesnt think they will.

3. Right in the middle of his statistics he fot ki a big plug for his Dcmocratic-run Congress in this election year by claiming it has done more to strengthen the economy than any other Congress since World War n.

4. He recited a list of steps taken by his administration to help the economy showing with charts it is moving up and said there Is every i-eason for confidence in the American system.

5. He emphasized that he Inherited the economic uncertainties of the past 19 mcmths when he took over in January. 1961.

He didnt blame the Elsenhower administration or even mention It by name but got across that his predecessor had handed him an unsolved problem which began in 1957.

6. And this was the needle to Congress which wants to get home for election campaigns he listed a number of economic measures he wants Congress to approve before It quits for 1%2.

farmer President Harry S, Truman, who has avoided any criticism of Kennedy, may be astonished by the statement that this Congress has done more than any Congress since World War H.

By this phrasing Kennedy was saying no Congress since President Roosevelts day did as much as this one for the economy, But the Congresses of Tini-man's time had to cope with enormous ecimomlc problems. To begin, in 1945-46 and even afterward Congress under Trumans leadership had to tear away the wartime economic controls and get the country back on a peacetime footing.

Truman and the Congress of 1930-51-32 had to slap on some controls for the Korean War in a complicated way thi^had to enable the natiwi to fight with one hand while making economic pT(^ress with the other, since Korea was something much less than all-out war.

One of the ironies of Kennedys talk may turn out to be this: If the assurances he gave that the economy is pretty good and should do better actually help Improve it through renewed public confidence, then this will become a logical question: ^

Why didn't he make it sooner?

Quote

*'A couple contemplating matrimony told us the other day they had postponed the date a couple of months b^ cause they felt they did have enough money to Be married right away. If they think that way now, just wait till after the ceremony. Greenville <S.C.) Piedmont.

T know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestionable ability of a man to elevate his life by a conscious endeavour. Thoreau.

NEW YORK AP) One of the daily miracles of our times is how a middle-aged man manages to get up and face life every morning particularly on the mornings he has to go to work.

Young people bounce out of bed because they are full of zest and hope. Old people get up early because they cant sleep late anyway and perhaps because they realize they dont have too many sunrises left to enjoy.

But when the alarm clock wakens a middle-aged man from a bad dream Its usually one in which he is being chased by a bill collector astride a dragcm he just lies there whimpering. He feels like a tired clog in the drainpipe of humanity.

After all, he has arisen 10,000 times to face duty. What can make this quivering heap of jellied self-pity rise ~and do it

again?

Heres what happens In the kind ctf home many of us may

know:

A spectral figure steps to the bedside of the middle-aged man and holds the noisy alarm clock silently before his shuddering face.

Call em at the office, and tell 'em Ive got a summer cold, dropsy, neuritis, bursitis, inflamation of the esophagus, a pain in my chest and a sore elbow, the man mutters feebly.

You had all those things last month, says the wife.

Do you want me to starve? she asks dramatically.

He half-lifts himself to Inquire, How long would it take? The wife leaves and comes back holding up his trousers.

If you dont get up this very minute, she says ominously, youll starve, too. After aU,

Other Editors Saying...' No Need To Be Ashamed

^ (Richmond News Leader)

Assuming for the moment that all announcements coming from the Soviet Union over the weekend may be taken at full face value, which is to say, assuming that the two Soviet cosmonauts actually are in orbit where Moscow says they are:

Let us send congratulaticms. admit to some mild envy, count our own blessings, and go on about our business. There is no reason to feel great chagrin at the Russian achievement: and there is certainly no reason to feel either fearful or ashamed.

From the beginning of postwar efforts at space exploration, the Russians have dedicated themselves to one primary goal the development of rocket engines of enormous power. This dedication has cost the Soviet Union heavily in drains upon its internal economy. The resources that might have gone into housing, transportation, communications, food processing and the like, have been sucked away from the space program. On the day the Russians have put two large space capsules into simultaneous orbit, bricks still are falling from the facades of Moscow apartment houses, and the telephone system in Leningrad remains a farce. Russian agriculture is 25 years, at least, behind our own. Living conditions in the major cities are abysmally poor by our standards; rural life in many areas

has scarcely advanced/ieyond the days of the czars. C/

Dedication to rocket power, and to power alone, also has meant that the Russians have shipped over the basic research in which the United States is now far ahead. At the time of House Appropriations Committee hearings last April, Dr. Homer E. Newell, diiector of the Office of Space Sciences, put in the record an illuminating summary of space flight. The United States then had launched 68 satellites, to the Russians 15; we had recovered 15' satellites from orbit, they had recovered five: we then had 34 satellites still in orbit, of which 10 were transmitting, while the Russians had thre^ in orbit, of which two were transmitting. Our satellites have produced mi impressive array of scientific first; much pf this knowledge has been made available to the world. By contrast the Communist contribution to basic knowledge has been quite small.

We do not intend to belittle the Russians' success: They

have come very close to achieving in August of 1962 what we may not even attempt until 1964 a rendezvous in space. This is the beginning of lunar exploration: it is a highly significant : chievement. But in praising the Russian weighl-lifters, let us keep things in perspective: Weight-lifting, impressive as it Is, Is not necessarily the final, most refined, most valuable pursuit of mankind.

It is a fine progressive step ordering 50,000 relief recipients to go to school. Maybe someday Chicago will be able to say it has- the best educated people on relief of any < ity in the world. Chicago Tribune

Speeding is one of the greatest causes of accidents and one of the least defensible Accident-causing factors such as honest mistakes and had judgment, while. deplorable, can at least be understood. Speeding cannot be understood. Dallas (Tex) Times Herald.

Literate residents of Boston are moving Into the suburbs, say a sociologist. By literate, presumably, he means those who can read a This Way Out sign. Boston Globe.

More and more it isnt simply straight hourly wage rates which employers and employes delate over bargaining tables. Its the wage package, Including fringe benefits. And to ignore the effects of fringes on actuai wage costs is about as logical as to pretend that taxes really arent a business expense. The Wall Street Journal.

g .Lect

Vita'.

youve got 13 years, six months and four days to go to a pension. That isnt so long, is it?

Orumbllng, hacking, wheezing and groaning, he knuckles the gum, from his eyes and reaches down blindly with his feet, searching for his slippers.

One hour, one shower, one egg, a piece of toast and two cups of coffee later after a final stirring five-minute lecture to his wife on the need of more stringent household economy the middle-aged man stumbles out the front door.

The wife, yawning, creeps with a sense of victory back to the bedroom for another hour of sleep. After all, she has done her main chore she has once again managed to get a middle-aged husband up to face the ordeal of the day.

The human race has passed another landmark in its long struggle toward the light.

Opinions !h Brief

Theres only a slight difference between keeping your chin up and sticking your neck out, but Its worth knowing. Cincinnati Bkiquirer.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKT

Copyright, 19fQ. King Features Syndicate. Inc.

One sometimes has queer experiences with new drugs put on the market after plenty of labora^ry tests but with inadequate clnica] data.

Like many folks who have, at one time or another, been given a signal that man may be ambitious but not immortal, i need to medicate to keep going a heavy schedule which takes between 12 and 15 hours of work each day. And most of the stuff I take seems to do me good, the proof being that I am still alive and kicking.

However, once in a while I get a lulu. I cannot blune my doctor because I had, for months, argued with him that everybody was taking this wonder drug etc., etc. He said that he knew about it but that it had not been used long enough to convince him that the side effects were nt^ perilous. Then one day, he prescribed it; not only for me but for other patients.

It did not hit down every patient, but I began to lose my hair, not only wi my head but on my body. My head hair turned a pinkish white. It would have looked quite beautiful on an ancient female, but it was tough on me particularly when my eyebrows disappeared, and my eyelashes turned pink. The bottoms of my feet went black and the lower ends of my legs became scaly.

Also I took on an Itch. I thought it was the seven years itch but it only lasted a short but bothersome seven weeks. Every day, inany times, my wife had to cover me from head to foot with a thick oil.

It took some time to discover which particular medicine was doing the mischief, but by trial and error and a little detective work the culprit was discovered and a cease and desist order was entered.

As soon as I desisted from taking the stuff, the itch ceased. Then the hair began to grow, thick and black, as it had not been for decades. The eyebrows came in a jet black. It took a little longer for the eyelashes to lose their albino pink. Finally, my body was covered with black hair, a little too heavy and too much, but the proof of manliness was on the chest.

Looking back on all this, I can understand how enthusiastic laboratory workers and chemical companies become when they discover sranething that can save life. But one needs to study the side-effects and it is probably so that, in some instances, the slde-effects can only be studied on human beings.

It is difficult for a layman to discuss these subjects intelligently because one needs to be trained in too many fields to have precise knowledge. What is needed Is more Frances O. Kelseys to protect us from the consequences of over-enthusiasm or business greed in matters Which affect human life. The evidence concerning thalidomide establishes not cmly the need for tighter law but a strengthening of the Federal Drug Administration so that it can do a bang-up job.

Sometimes, we have good laws but we do not give the agencies enough personnel and money to enforce them. The worst exampi of that was Harry J. Anslingers Bureau or Narcotics, which was starved until the use of narcotics in this country became a public scandal. Anslingers services to his country were legion and his Bureau, now under Henry J. Giordano, surely should be strengthened until this plague is wiped from our land.

Dr. Kelsey had bjeen deservedly honored by President Kennedy and he has called upon Congress to give the PDA additional authority. It would be wise for the drug and chemical industries to help the FDA and to organize to police themselves. They need to protect themselves not only frraii law-suits but from the moral obligation of not destroying human life or maiming or crippling human beings. And it Is to be hoped that the sensations over misjudgement will not encourage an inane attitude toward research. We do live longer and better despite the errors.

Change In Embroidery Industry

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE

The word "optimism comes from a Latin word which means the best. It is the conviction that life and the things which make up life arc essentially good. They may be imperfect tn fact we are sure they are but they are essentially good.

There la juatification for optimism a* we confront every situation In life. To be sure, there is also Juatification for a certain amount of pessimism. Optimism and pessimism are like the positive and negative currents of electricity. We need them both. Too much optimism and we are giddy, soft-headed, willing to believe anything which makc.s us feel better. Pc^dmism, oh the other hand,

Is a reality, for we ai-e all sinners. We have limited loiowl-edgc. Sometimes our impulses are good, sometimes not so good. Occasionally they are bad. Although pessimism is a reality in life and one to. which we should give heed, it Is not the type of philosophy upon which W'c could live wholesome and happy lives. We have to have some opUmiam to be happy. And we can be sure that unless we have a reasonable and influential amount of optimism in*our lives, we are desperately wrong in our outlook and fated to be unhappy.

Be realistic but do not forget that optimism stands for light, progress, happiness, helpfulness. These elements and factors we must indeed have If we are to be happy.

By ELMER R0ES8NER An advanced machine may be about to revolutionize the Schlfi embroidery industry, one of the few remaining family induatries in the United States.

Almost all Schlffll embroidery in the U. 8. is manufactured by about 650 companies in eight square miles in Northern New Jersey. Most families seven out of every ten have scraped and saved to buy one or two machines. Only eight shops have nine or more machines.

The machines in the past have cost about $52,000 each. Most families have bought their machines on long-term deals, paying for them out of earnings. However, only 250 machines of the 1,600 In the area are less than 40 years old. Almost all will have to be replaced soon, because even the younger ones will not be able to compete with the new machine on the market.

COSTLY, INTRICATE All machines re imported, the new oua Irooi Metalmac-

cania, S.R.L. of Italy, by Bicor Automation Industries, of Falr-view, N. J. They arc said to have a 30 per cent greater output than any other machine available, and about SO per cent greater than most machines in use.

And they cost almost $60,000. Also being introduced Is a punching machine

But we are getting ahead of the story. Schlffll embroidery was not introduced by one Wilhelm Schlffll, but is an old skill that gets Its name from the German-Swlss word for little boat because the shuttles seem to move back and forth like skiffs. (Which word probably came from the same root.)

The 1,026 embroidery-making needles of the machines are directed by a roll of paper, something like a piano-player roll, making the pattern. And also being introduced Is a punching machine that makes these rolls. These machines cost $18-750.

BIG COMMITMENT Thus, a two*machina

faces the necessity of committing Itself to paying for almost $120,000 In new embroidery machines, plus $18,750 for a punching machine. If it doesnt. It may not be able to compete.

But there are advantages for those who can.

First, new machines can be bought on long-term mortgages.

Second, the increased output can reduce costs. New punching machines can reduce them still further.

Third, most owners have been aware that present machines were aging and have been saving for their replacement.

Fourth, while Schlffll rates have changed little since the war, the market is broadening. Schiffli is now used for window shades, plastic shower curtains and home furnishings. In addition to its role in womens wear, manufacturers. More than 100 One maker sells 25 -per cent of his production to mens wear million military In.slgnia are or-tered each year. Metallic thread

and slx-ply cotton yarns are creating new uses.

flome observers fear that weaker Schlffll firms will fail in the Industrys economic revolution. But most of the companies, adjusting to nqw economic con- ditlons, may be able to make as much as or more than ever before.

SHORT Sc SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS Agriculture Department Is about to bwy 12.500 tons of frozen ground beef for the school lunch program . . . Japan has boosted duties on foreign whiskey and brandy to make' them more expensive than local quaffs . . . One of the most thoughtful presents a man can give his wife or daughter Is a private bedroom lavatory, announces the Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Information Bureau . . . Russia, which has everything, for some reason bought 3 million pounds of flue-cured tobac- 4 co In Rhodesia In March . , . New Zealand 1 sending 20.7 million pounds of meat to the U. S. this montii.