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Saturday, August 11, 1962

4

Wokness In States Agriculture

J * . , - ^

Were Dishing Out Pie To Everyone Else T~\*n

j___

4.U slump in North Carolinas farm income for tliis state remains primarily an agricultural empire

the first five months of this year should be of grave of small farms. Although the trend to larger farms concern to sections of the state where agriculture is may continue, Nrth Carolina will for many yeais etill the price economic factor. to come be dominated by numerous small farms.

A decline of $10.7 million in receipts from livestock sal^ accounted for the major portion Of the $10.9 million curtailment of farm income in North Canolina compared with the same period last year.

It is significant that the decline came during a period of the year when the states major cash field crops were not being harvested. The sharp decline came during the months when livestock sales, early fruit and vegetable crops and other supplement farm crops would normally represent most of the farm income.

On the state level and on the local leveU greau er attention should be given to developing the potential in agriculture that North Carolina has. As great a farming state as North Carolina is, it still has to import large quantities of fruit, vegetables, poultry and livestock from other states to fill needs. To a large extent it has forfeited a considerable portion of its home^ market for farm produce to growers in other stats.

The report prompted Commissioner of Agri-cuUure Steg Ballentine_ to pp^^^ that North XarolTna needs to give more attention to its p) tential livestock and other supplemental crops. He also asserted that one of the great weaknesses in agriculture of the state is that lack of encouragement for small farmers.

Progress toward diversification in agriculture has been made in North Carolina in recent years. The trend has been toward a better balance on the farm betw^een a major cash crop and other commoa-ities that will produce a supplemental income. In this area of development, however. North Carolina has not neaijy reached its potential.

In spite of the fact that the tren^d across the nation has been to large farmsa trend that has

been reflected to some degree in North Carolina-

At both the state and local levels there is a great need for more emphasis on developing the economic potential of our .agriculture. Leadership in this direction, to a great extent, wdll have to be provided by the farmers themselves with encouragement and support at both the state and local levels.-

?unds Which

CAB Shouldnt Delay

Are Not Spent

Longer In Its Decision

Br WnjJAM A. SHIRES

REVERT Todays tofdc is revenim wbicb sounds like oiaetWng of Amos n Andy but wWch really is a term state officials like to toss around every other year, usually vdth a great deal of pride.

E Involves money which Is appn^riated and budgeted for a specific purpose, agency or department and which, for one reas(X) or another, is not spent during the fiscal year. This money then reverts to the general fund in the state treasury and the process is called reversion.

Some of it is committed, already earmarked for spending In the next fiscal year, the second year of the biennium. But in theory and practice reversion represents excess funds budgeted for a specific period and not spent during that period.

State officials like to call it savings inasmuch as It is hard cash in the bank.

TROUBLE No moiey in the bank causes trouble in government, just as in running a household. The bills come in regardless of the calendar date marking the end of a fiscal year and there has to be money to meet the obligations.

Thus there Is rejoicing in state government when there is more cash on hand than had been expected.

Some other states, some of them among the richest in the nation, have experienced deep financial troubles In recent months. Michigan had a crisis In which there was no money to pay- state employes salaries. Louisiana, one of the richest Soutbem states., is reported to face a $70 million deficit.

FIGURES It was with considerable pride that Governor Sanford announced that during the 1961-62 fiscal year his administration had saved $17.-078,149 of appropriate funds and this amount had reverted to the General Fund.

This reversion, he said, w'as the largest saving since the Executive Budget Act was enacted In 1925.

Subsequent to the governors . announcement, director Hugh Cannon of the Department of AdmlnistratiiMi and Revenue Commis^oner William Johnson gave newsmen a further insight Into the picture on reversion and revenue.

Cannwi enumerated the principles of an economy-in-govem-ment campaign, a tightening up of budget control and emphasis on wise and careful spending, taking a hard look at expenditures, purchases, travel, filling of new positions, an around-the-fitate tour by budget advisor

Dave Coltrane to discuss eccmo-my with heads of various state institutions. All these things he said, saved money here and there and added to the reversion total.

He stopped short of a specific breakdown (m savings by departments, explaining that the comparative figures might cause embarrassment to those agencies which have exercised a tight control all along.

Cannon also conceded that some of the reversion total could be regarded as savings only in the semantic sense that it was not spent.

ITEMS One item was Sl.-216,872 for debt service which Cannon called a great disappointment in that it was money appropriated for service on the $67.5 millio in bond issues defeated last November.

About $4 million more of the 1961-62 reversion is committed to be spent during the 1962-63 fiscal year for equipment, textbooks, filling of new positions and other items.

Thus the uncommitted reversion amount is about $13 million. This t<^ether with a $27 million revenue figure in the black gives the state about $40 million in uncommitted credit balance as of the start of 1962-63.

IMPORTANT There isnt much said about reversion at the end of the second year of a fiscal biennium because by the time the next legislature has reappropriated it and written it into the budget for the next biennium. By the end of a second year of the biennium then it isnt uncommitted money any more.

Reversions, savings, revenues In excess of legislative estimates all these things go into making a surplus. And traditionally in North Carolinas recent fiscal history this is extremely helpful in financing growth of state government and services.

The state's credit balance for the previous year, 1960^1, for example, was $44.66.5,685 representing reversions, revenues in excess of estimates and savings for that biennium, the biennium. by the way, in which the state enjoyed the withholding tax windfall.

Without a windfall, and with services growing, it was considered especially important in 1961-61 to achieve reversion -type savings. This was a prime factor in the economy drive. Cannon pointed out, fpr example that school authorities already have indicated schools will need $20 million more In the A budget for the next biennium just to maintain schools at the present levels.

Considerable time has elapsed since the Civil Aeronautics Board received a recommendation from its Bureau of Economic Reg'ulation that an investi-g:ation be conducted to determine the feasibility of a regional airport to serv^e Eastern North Carolina.

During this period the Federal Aviation Administration has been awaiting action by the CAB on the recommendation before awarding funds for airport construction in this section of this section 0 the state.

lo

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

In th^ interest of time, and in the interest of p.ir sendee in this part of North Carolina, the CAB should not delay longer in deciding whether to conduct the investigation.

By HAL BOYLE

Arctic Circle Cookbook

The Reflector, as we have said previously, favors such an investigation and we believe it would be in the best interest of the area and its future sc far as commercial air service is concerned. We also reel that the FAA is following a wise course in withholding funds for airport construction in this section until a decision has been reached on the proposed investigation.

Until such time as the CAB determines whether or not the investigation will be made, further progress toward air service and better airport facilities in Eastern Carolina is at a standstill.

NEW YORK (AP) - Suppose you were having a distinguished Eskimo to dinner, and you found out his favorite dishes were w^s stew and boiled owl.

Would you know how to go about cooking a walrus or boiling an owl?

Or suppose this very important Eskimo hinted that he doted most on bear feet or soured seal liver. Would you know how to prepare these tempting Par Northern delicacies?

The four most popular literary topics today seemingly are dieting, the hydrogen bomb, the Civil War, and cook books of all kinds.

nqiued uurina

J

ection i ime

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunda^ Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office. Greenville, N. C., as second clfti mall matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week 30r

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

Greenville Post Office, Pitt County. Rob*-rsouville, Vanceboio Washington and Chocowinlty.

Three Months ........................... I j 75

Six Months ......................!..!!!!. 7.00

One YearV rr-rrrrrr. .....13 Oo

North Carolina fother than listed above)

Three Months ............................ ^ 400

Six Months .................... 7 50

Year ............ 14 00

Plus 3% N. C. Sales Tax All Other Out.slde North Carolina

Three Months .......................... $ 4 25

Six Months ................ ^ g 00

One Year ........ 15 00

By JAMES xMARLOW WASHINGTON (AP> - Danger is a kind of glue which keeps Democrats and Republicans together except when the glue melts, which happens frequently and most noticeablv in an election year, like this one.

This togetherness, called bi-panisanship in foreign affairs, is an effort by the two parties to put up a united front against troubles abroad while differing on things at home.

Yet. although they agree a danger like communism must be stifLarmed ev^-ywhere. they frequently get unstuck on the question of how. It happened again this week, just three months befofe congressional elections.

The Republican Senate Leader Everett Dirksen of Illinois, said the Kennedy administration sent its representative to Geneva hat in hand to make concessions to the Russians on a nuclear test-ban treaty.

And in this same mission to Switzerland New Yorks Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller, seeking re-election this November, saw a weakening and high i1sk danger in the American pro-po.saLs.

Later he said his criticism didnt mean a change in his attitude that national issues should be kept out of the state election campaign although Democrats may wonder why then he was critical in the first place.

The State Department quickly disputed the Dirksen-Rockefeller virws. But no one, remembering the record of other years, need fear the fractures, bruises and abrasions bipartisanship suffers in m2 will be fatal.

In 19.50, when President Truman s^'ni troops into war in Korea just a little over five months before the congressional dec- tion.s, Republicans, particularly Sen. Rooert Taft of Ohio, hardly looked bipartisan,

Taft said this country had Invited the Korean War. And R( p. Leonard Hall of New York, Chairman o the Republican Congre.ssional Campaign CoinmiUee, complained Tinman administration bungling led to

the war.

The Republican National Committee put out a document listing what it called foreign policy failures under the Democrats.

The Republican rat-a-tat on the opposition got so bad that year that Thomas E. Dewey, titular head of the Republicans at that time, called for a closing of ranks in the national emergency. ^

The Republicans didnt have bipartisanship among themselves. In 1951 their own leader-.ihip split on whether American troops should be sent to Europe.

It was m the 1952 presidential campaign that bipartisanship took a long and painful vacation.

But Dwight D. Eisenhow^er got elected president that year and for the next eight years it was the Republicans who made foreign policy, the first time they had a chance to since 1931 In the 1954 congressional election year -after the peace .settlement that gave the Communists half of IndochinaAdlal E. Stevenson complained the United States, although not di-i-ectly involved in the fighting, had suffered a devastating loss. , _

He also had a few' things to say on bipartisanship, or the lack of it, particularly among the Republicans themselves.

But anyone who remembers the 1956 election campaign -especially w'hat Stevenson had to say about Elsenhowers foreign policy w'Ul hardly recall it as a happy time for biparti-san.ship.

Came the 1958 congressional election year. Democrats attacked the Eisenhower administrations handling of foreign affairs with such gusto that Eisenhower and Vice President Richard M. Nixon were split on how to handle the critics. Eisenhower w-anted to ignore ' them. Nixon said that was all right for a man in Ei.senhowers position but. as for him.self. he was going to file back. And he did.

Everybody remembers 1960,

Perhaps the perfect title for a best-seller today would be How to Lose Weight While Cooking the Civil War over a Hydrogen Bomb.

But while the market has been flooded with cook books, the fine old culinary skls found in Arctic Circle igloos have been overlooked completely.

This lack has been remedied by the publication of a small paperbacked cook book of age-old Eskimo recipes. The students of Shlshmaref Day School

in Shismaref. Alaska, got the recipes from their mothers.

Eskimo cookery is simplicity Itself, and any harried American housewife wanting to fix a quick easy meal for her family might find this recipe for frozen flounders just the answer for her prblem;

After the flounders are caught, let them freeze. Eat as much as you W'ant of it.

That dish has another advantage for budget-minded wives it cuts dowm on the gas bill. Now' about that walrus stew: Cut the walrus in small pieces and also cut up the skin and blubber. Then put them together in the pot to boil. Add salt and water.

As for that boiled owl: Take feathers off from owl. Throw away feathers. Clean owl and put in cooking pot. Have lots of water in pot. Add salt to taste.

Most of the people like the bear feet better than the meat, the cook book observes. We cook them well, add salt. Four feet would take about one teaspoon of salt. Take them out of the pot and let them get

cool. Eat them with seal oil. To appreciate the taste thrill of soured seal liver requires a palate truly educated to the nuances of Eskimo cooking.

The student who submitted this recipe said:

Soured seal liver Is made In the summertime. Place liver in enamel pot or dish and cover w'lth blubber. Put in a warm place for a few days until sour. Most of the boys and girls dont like It, except the grown-ups and old people. I dort4-4ike It either.

The best w'ay to top off a native meal, naturally. Is with Eskimo ice cream, made as follows:

Grate reindeer tallow into small pieces. Add seal oil slowly while beating with hand. While whipping, continue adding seal oil and water until white and fluffy. Any berries can be added to It.

The cook book was prepared by the students to raise funds for handicapped children. You can get a copy by sending 60 cents to the Alaska Crippled Childrwis Association at Anchorage, Alaska.

i^ublic

To The Editor. . .

."orum Opinions

There is a tide in the affairs of men

Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune;

Omitted, all the voyage of their life

Is bound in shallows and in miseiies

Shakespeare Jim Hawes tide came long before I knew him; and his fortune persisted until his death. It cannot be measured in physical properties, for although he never suffered from lack of them, he was completely unconcerned w'ith their acquisition or accumulation. Rather, Jims fortune was in giving. He had a rare knowledge and under standing of human ills, real or imagined, and there was a touch of Gods healing in his application of tenderness, sympathy, and the skills he had acquired. He w'as trusted, loved, respected. and admired. He was honored professionally by his fellow doctors, but the greatest honor he received, and the one he most appreciated, was the complete confidence w'ith which people placed themselves or their loved ones under his care.

Those are generalities. To be fully specific would be impo.ssi-ble. The list of beneficiaries of his talents is immeasurable. He removed a blinding cyst from the eye of my dog one Sunday with the same care and gentleness I witnessed one Saturday midnight, as he extracted ,a peanut from deep within the lung of a frightened five - year-

old child. He restored sight and hearing and peace of mind to uncounted and uncountable thousands. Jim enriched the lives of everyone with whom he came in contact, and in so doing enriched his own to a full mea-sure of completeness. Few of fiis friends realized the graveness of his own illness, and even fewer of his patients w'hom he attended through racking pain w'ithout complaint, during the last several months. J i m gained solace and satisfaction from his work and on almost the last day he w'as on his feet, completed a difficult and long operation, successfully restoring health and hearing to a grateful patient.

Ask anyone. Did you know Jim Hawes?, and the probability is strong that the answ'er will reflect a personal, helpful experience, or that of a friend or relative. If I am asked, I will reply, Yes, I knew him and loved him. His courage was great and his shadow is long. Within that shadow I was fortunate to share his friendship for many years, and w'as strengthened and encouraged. He lived a full life and kept his tide in flood until the end. His fortune lies in the wealth of happiness and health w'hich he gave to all who sought or needed it. He gave freely of himself, and w'e are richer for it. God bless him. as indeed He will_ _

Sincerely,

HARRY McMULLAN, JR.

Washington, N. C.

"n Brief

Most Americans are vastly interested in the solutoin of space problems especially parking and closet.Phoenix (Arlz.) Flame.

Our industrial plants may flourish, our universities may thrive, our commerce may crowd the markets of the globe; but all this will be sterile and finally lost unless love of country transforms material success into spiritual greatness. Dwight D. Elsenhower.

The people put up every dollar that Is returned to them by government through welfare state charity. And they pay not only in money but in the infinitely more important coin of lost liberty. Industrial News Review.

A subsidy never threatens the moral fibre of businessmen even if it wrecks that of farmers and old people.-^ Hertford County Herald.

The continuing rise In crime in this nation is alarming. Criminals and suspected criminals are protected by the law, and rightly so. But the good^ honest people must also be protected. Columbus (Ga.) Enquirer. ,

Copyrifht, 1962. King Features * Syndicate, Inc.,

When there are so many rumors of the appointment of a new Secretary of the Treasury, there may be some truth tout it. The rumors may only reflect a very general opinion that Douglas Dillon has lost the confidence of enough persons to give rise for a replacement. Certainly Dillon Is no Andrew Mellon, who was our last outstanding Secretary of the Treasury, Ogden Mills, who followed him, was brilliant. Roosevelt appointed his agricultural neighbor, Henry Morgenthau, who flipped a coin to determine the gold support of the dollar. Morgenthau was a humorless but honest and conscientious man; his appointment to the Treasury was an administrative absurdity.

' Douglas Dillon, a Republican, was appointed Secretary of the -Treasury by President Kennedy perhaps on the assumptlim that a Wall Street banker knows something about such complex subjects as money, exchange, gold, etc.

This is generally a false assumption. So-called Investment houses rarely deal with such questions and their personnel know little about them. At any rate, as Secretary of the Treasury, Douglas Dillon has permitted our gold hoard to be reduced to a point of danger. He has done nothing serious to punish tax evasions by the big evaders who put their money in Switzerland, Panama, Hongkong, and other places. His decree of July 20, prohibiting the holding of numismatic gold is really funny. Franz Pick, our leading authority on gold, tells the story in his own way:

From 1949 untU 1954, the historic private mint In Milan, Italy produced the famous Milanese sovereigns and sold them by the millions of coins. Washington not only did not open its mouth, but tolerated their trade in the U. S. Today, when even the highest officials boast that the dollar is better than one and one half years ago ... we have to take such petty, if not childish, measures to protect this better dollar, by prohibiting gold coin holdings abroad. By this nearly czarlstic ukase or Schachtsmelling decision, we have done more harm to the dollar, which the decree wanted to protect. Because we simply pushed the gold coin owners abroad and probably within the U. S. too into the Black Market.

The per capita debt of the United States makes no sense when we are giving money away. That debt at the end of 1%1 stood at $1,602.70 per person. Compare that to West Germany which is $128.20 per capita, or Italy, which is $202.01 per capita.

A Secretary of the Treasury is responsible for finding a program to reduce our debt, while safeguarding the value of the dollar and at the same time keeping the economy moving. Perhaps on his organizational chart President Kennedy prefers to turn such a program over to his economic advisors.

If so. what does the Secretary of the Treasury do?

The names which are bantered about as Mr, Dillons successor are interesting: Henry Alexander of the Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York surely is no authority on gold in relationship to our economy. Robert Lovett has been in and out of government but he has never been a financial expert. Eugen'e- Black of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development has had a vast experience in the field of money and exchange. John Jay McCloy is an authority on the economy of both the United States and Europe. Some of West Germanys enormous success may be attributed to him.

Whether it will be one of these or someone else or nobody, Douglas Dillon faces the political difficulty that It Is expected that he Is the next man in the Cabinet to go.

One of the major difficulties that the Administration face.n In this field is that official figures do not reflect facts. What Is the actual amount of American dollars on deposits in Switzerland and other tax havens. Has income tax been (Continued on page six)

Some Sort Of Tax Chanqes Seen

"1

birengm t or_ i oclay

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By KAHL L. DOrGI.AH.S ALI. 1-OK I*KI.\CH*I.i:

Joliii Hancock was pivs.djMit of that Continental Congress which pa.s.sed the Dticlaration ol Independence, He sinned his name with .such large .script in order, as he said, that King George III could read it without his spectacles. This man Hancock was one of the noblest characters of the Amcrical Revolutionary period.

Hancock was one of the few milliena rc < l li s day, H ' had Inlierited r large r.statc from one of Ills nncle.s. When Wa.'^h-ncfon wa.'- planning hi.s attack on the city of Boston. Hancock .^ak: to liini. Nearly all I he property I ha ye in the world Is In lioiusr.s and other real e.stale jn Boston; hnt if the expulsion of the enemy troops require that these hou.ses be burnt to aslics.

issue the order for that purpo.se immediately.

We can generally size up the real stature of a per.son by the way he lx:-haves in siluaiion.s where money Is involved H^' may l)e a man of .sound phil osophy and apparently h i g n ide.ils. but the test comes as he Is confronted with the position Jf money loss in the maintenance of right principle.

The British to the very .ml of the Rexolution never gave up their determination to hang Samuel Adams and John Han cock if they conld lay hands on them. Everyone else would be paj'donf*(l hilt the.se two men must he pnnl.shed. And tlie Bn tlslj took this iiosition w 11 h eau.'ie. Hancock and Adams were Willi.ir to sacrifice cverylhing foi principles in which they believed.

by

By KL.MKB KOKSSNEK

Figure on a new tax law.

It may be costly and even dannerou.s to go ahead on the a.s.sumption that the disagiee-inenLs in Congi-e.ss will stale-

- thp" ReVeirae "Bm" oT 1962.

A.s of today, indications are that some .soit of bill will be passed before adjournment both houses.

But dont tignre on provisions. Regardles.s of what tlie Senate and the House do. wliat will really matter is what the Honse-Senate conference committee decides. On that committees \able will be the final rules on expense account deductions. write-offs for plant and equipment expenditures and the other fillips of the tax bill pro-po.-^al.s,

Don! count on lax cuts: Despite the turmoil over po-pn.sals. de.spitr tlie claque follower rates, tax cuts are receding into flic distance. The Ad ministration ha.s all hut abandoned hppr foi' getting a cut through Coneicf)S now, and the chance for gctUng a cut effec

tive JanuaiT 1. 1963, Is dim. Most Congressmen are Inclined to hold on to one of the few' powers they have left, and to postpone action until they them-

.s(lves have decided it is neces-

A BRE EI.ECTION BOON Faster write-o.fls: However,

the Administration still has power lo gi ant biuslness faster writeoffs and. despite the recent Treasury action in allowing speedier write-offs, still further modification of regulations may come in months ahead. This softening of depreciation rules mry be speeded up if Congress fail' to go along with the Kenned v proposals for tax easement.

The Administration wants tax matter.s cleared up quickly, so the beneficences will be appreciated by voters before the Noveinlier elections. Hence, what the Administration *is un-ablf' to do through Congre.ssinn-al action, it may try to ac-coniplish Ihiough regulation.

VVabh for hpltie over fals: Tlir dairy industry. long" unhappy over declines in sales be

cause consuiTiers fear that milk fals will cau.se cholesterol, will fight back. The American Dairy Association is preparing a campaign that will stress the Idea .that.eating should be a pleasant affair, not a medical treatment. Producers of unsaturated fats will fight back, stepping up advertising to argue that saturated fats create cholesterol, which may clog arteries. Both sides will cite scientific studies, and hi the end consumers will be more confused than ever.

els are on the way. Sales kept high during July and into August. Price cuts now may keep sales vigorous up until the time new models are r%ealed.

All this Indicates that 1963 models, unless they fall miserably below expectations, will sustain sales on into next year.

OLD PROMOTER WANTS LIMITS ON CIVn. SERVICE

STEEL PRODUCTION TO RISE

More steel production; Steel production Is slowly rising and as soon as auto makers orders ri.sc with demands for 1963 model cars, production should spurt ahead. Resumption of hi-diistrial construction may swell steel orders in the fall.

More aillo boom: The rise in aillo .sales has confounded those who have been crying recession. Buying has continued despite the expected .summer lag, despite that fact that new mod-

There was a twinkle in the Old Promoters eye when he dropped in today. I see a Congressman has introduced an amendment limiting the number of Department of ''Agriculture employees to the number of active farmers in the United States.

That seems like a good idea, but it doesn't go far enough. How about a law limiting the niim-l)er of people in the Pentagon to the number of men under arms, and limiting the number of income tax agents to the number of taxpa.vers?

He may have somcthiusr there.